SEARCH FOR HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINOS FROM BINARY NEUTRON STAR MERGER GW170817 WITH ANTARES, ICECUBE, AND THE PIERRE AUGER OBSERVATORY
A. ALBERT,1M. A NDRE´,2M. A NGHINOLFI,3M. A RDID,4J.-J. A UBERT,5J. A UBLIN,6T. A VGITAS,6 B. B ARET,6 J. B ARRIOS-MART´I,7
S. BASA,8B. BELHORMA,9V. BERTIN,5 S. BIAGI,10R. BORMUTH,11, 12S. BOURRET,6M.C. BOUWHUIS,11H. BRANZASˆ ¸ ,13 R. BRUIJN,11, 14J. BRUNNER,5J. BUSTO,5A. CAPONE,15, 16L. CARAMETE,13J. CARR,5S. CELLI,15, 16, 17
R. CHERKAOUIELMOURSLI,18T. CHIARUSI,19M. CIRCELLA,20J.A.B. COELHO,6A. COLEIRO,6, 7R. CONIGLIONE,10 H. COSTANTINI,5P. COYLE,5A. CREUSOT,6A. F. D´IAZ,21A. DESCHAMPS,22G. DEBONIS,15C. DISTEFANO,10I. DIPALMA,15, 16 A. DOMI,3, 23C. D ONZAUD,6, 24D. D ORNIC,5D. D ROUHIN,1T. E BERL,25I. E LBOJADDAINI,26N. E LKHAYATI,18D. E LSASSER¨ ,27
A. ENZENHOFER¨ ,5A. ETTAHIRI,18F. FASSI,18I. FELIS,4L.A. FUSCO,19, 28P. GAY,29, 6V. GIORDANO,30H. GLOTIN,31, 32 T. GREGOIRE´ ,6R. G
RACIARUIZ,6, 33K. G
RAF,25S. H
ALLMANN,25H.
VANHAREN,34A.J. H
EIJBOER,11Y. H ELLO,22
J.J. HERNANDEZ´ -REY,7J. H ¨OSSL,25J. HOFESTADT¨ ,25G. ILLUMINATI,7C.W. JAMES,25M.DEJONG,11, 12M. JONGEN,11 M. KADLER,27 O. KALEKIN,25U. KATZ,25D. KIESSLING,25A. KOUCHNER,6, 32M. KRETER,27I. KREYKENBOHM,35 V. KULIKOVSKIY,5, 36C. LACHAUD,6R. LAHMANN,25 D. LEFEVRE` ,37E. LEONORA,30, 38M. LOTZE,7S. LOUCATOS,39, 6 M. MARCELIN,8A. MARGIOTTA,19, 28A. MARINELLI,40, 41J.A. MART´INEZ-MORA,4R. MELE,42, 43K. MELIS,11, 14T. MICHAEL,11 P. MIGLIOZZI,42A. M OUSSA,26S. N AVAS,44E. N EZRI,8M. O RGANOKOV,33G.E. P ˘ AVALAS˘ ¸ ,13C. P ELLEGRINO,19, 28C. P ERRINA,15, 16
P. PIATTELLI,10V. POPA,13T. PRADIER,33L. QUINN,5C. RACCA,1G. RICCOBENE,10A. S ´ANCHEZ-LOSA,20M. SALDANA˜ ,4 I. SALVADORI,5D. F. E. S AMTLEBEN,11, 12M. S ANGUINETI,3, 23P. S APIENZA,10F. S CHUSSLER¨ ,39C. S IEGER,25 M. S PURIO,19, 28
TH. STOLARCZYK,39M. TAIUTI,3, 23Y. TAYALATI,18A. TROVATO,10D. TURPIN,5C. T ¨ONNIS,7B. VALLAGE,39, 6V. VANELEWYCK,6, 32 F. VERSARI,19, 28D. V IVOLO,42, 43A. V IZZOCA,15, 16 J. W ILMS,45 J.D. Z ORNOZA,7 ANDJ. Z ´UNIGA˜ 7 (ANTARES COLLABORATION) M. G. AARTSEN,46M. A CKERMANN,47J. A DAMS,48J. A. A GUILAR,49M. A HLERS,50M. A HRENS,51I. A LSAMARAI,52
D. ALTMANN,53K. ANDEEN,54T. ANDERSON,55I. ANSSEAU,49G. ANTON,53C. ARGUELLES¨ ,56 J. AUFFENBERG,57S. AXANI,56 H. BAGHERPOUR,48X. B AI,58J. P. B ARRON,59S. W. B ARWICK,60V. B AUM,61R. B AY,62J. J. B EATTY,63, 64J. B ECKERTJUS,65
K.-H. BECKER,66S. BENZVI,67 D. BERLEY,68E. BERNARDINI,47D. Z. BESSON,69G. BINDER,70, 62D. BINDIG,66E. BLAUFUSS,68 S. BLOT,47C. BOHM,51M. B ¨ORNER,71F. BOS,65D. BOSE,72S. B ¨OSER,61 O. BOTNER,73E. BOURBEAU,50J. BOURBEAU,74 F. BRADASCIO,47J. B RAUN,74L. B RAYEUR,75M. B RENZKE,57H.-P. B RETZ,47S. B RON,52J. B ROSTEAN-KAISER,47A. B URGMAN,73
T. CARVER,52J. CASEY,74M. CASIER,75E. CHEUNG,68 D. CHIRKIN,74A. CHRISTOV,52K. CLARK,76L. CLASSEN,77 S. COENDERS,78 G. H. COLLIN,56J. M. C ONRAD,56D. F. C OWEN,55, 79R. C ROSS,67M. D AY,74J. P. A. M. DEANDRE´,80C. D ECLERCQ,75
J. J. DELAUNAY,55H. DEMBINSKI,81 S. DERIDDER,82P. DESIATI,74K. D.DEVRIES,75G.DEWASSEIGE,75M.DEWITH,83 T. DEYOUNG,80 J. C. D´ IAZ-V ´ELEZ,74V. DILORENZO,61H. D UJMOVIC,72J. P. D UMM,51M. D UNKMAN,55E. D VORAK,58
B. EBERHARDT,61T. EHRHARDT,61B. EICHMANN,65P. ELLER,55P. A. EVENSON,81S. FAHEY,74A. R. FAZELY,84J. FELDE,68 K. FILIMONOV,62C. FINLEY,51S. FLIS,51 A. FRANCKOWIAK,47E. FRIEDMAN,68T. FUCHS,71T. K. GAISSER,81J. GALLAGHER,85
L. GERHARDT,70K. GHORBANI,74W. GIANG,59T. GLAUCH,57 T. GLUSENKAMP¨ ,53A. GOLDSCHMIDT,70J. G. GONZALEZ,81 D. GRANT,59Z. GRIFFITH,74C. HAACK,57A. HALLGREN,73F. HALZEN,74K. HANSON,74D. HEBECKER,83D. HEEREMAN,49
K. HELBING,66 R. H ELLAUER,68S. H ICKFORD,66J. H IGNIGHT,80G. C. H ILL,46K. D. H OFFMAN,68R. H OFFMANN,66
B. HOKANSON-FASIG,74K. HOSHINA,74, 86F. HUANG,55M. HUBER,78K. HULTQVIST,51M. H ¨UNNEFELD,71S. IN,72A. ISHIHARA,87 E. JACOBI,47G. S. J APARIDZE,88M. J EONG,72K. J ERO,74B. J. P. J ONES,89P. K ALACZYNSKI,57W. K ANG,72A. K APPES,77T. K ARG,47
A. KARLE,74U. KATZ,53M. KAUER,74A. KEIVANI,55J. L. KELLEY,74A. KHEIRANDISH,74J. KIM,72M. KIM,87T. KINTSCHER,47 J. KIRYLUK,90T. K ITTLER,53S. R. K LEIN,70, 62G. K OHNEN,91R. K OIRALA,81H. K OLANOSKI,83L. K ¨ OPKE,61C. K OPPER,59
S. KOPPER,92J. P. KOSCHINSKY,57D. J. KOSKINEN,50M. KOWALSKI,83, 47K. KRINGS,78M. KROLL,65G. KRUCKL¨ ,61J. KUNNEN,75 S. KUNWAR,47N. KURAHASHI,93T. KUWABARA,87A. KYRIACOU,46M. LABARE,82J. L. LANFRANCHI,55M. J. LARSON,50 F. LAUBER,66M. LESIAK-BZDAK,90M. LEUERMANN,57Q. R. LIU,74L. LU,87J. L ¨UNEMANN,75W. LUSZCZAK,74 J. MADSEN,94
G. MAGGI,75K. B. M. MAHN,80S. MANCINA,74R. MARUYAMA,95K. MASE,87R. MAUNU,68F. MCNALLY,74K. MEAGHER,49 M. MEDICI,50M. M EIER,71T. M ENNE,71G. M ERINO,74T. M EURES,49S. M IARECKI,70, 62J. M ICALLEF,80G. M OMENTE´,61
T. MONTARULI,52R. W. MOORE,59M. MOULAI,56R. NAHNHAUER,47P. NAKARMI,92U. NAUMANN,66G. NEER,80 H. NIEDERHAUSEN,90S. C. N OWICKI,59D. R. N YGREN,70A. O BERTACKEPOLLMANN,66A. O LIVAS,68 A. O’M URCHADHA,49
T. PALCZEWSKI,70, 62H. PANDYA,81D. V. PANKOVA,55P. PEIFFER,61 J. A. PEPPER,92C. P ´EREZ DE LOSHEROS,73D. PIELOTH,71 E. PINAT,49M. PLUM,54D. PRANAV,96 P. B. PRICE,62G. T. PRZYBYLSKI,70 C. RAAB,49L. R ¨ADEL,57M. RAMEEZ,50K. RAWLINS,97
I. C. REA,78R. REIMANN,57B. RELETHFORD,93M. RELICH,87E. RESCONI,78W. RHODE,71M. RICHMAN,93S. ROBERTSON,46 M. RONGEN,57C. ROTT,72T. RUHE,71D. RYCKBOSCH,82 D. RYSEWYK,80T. S ¨ALZER,57S. E. SANCHEZHERRERA,59 A. SANDROCK,71J. S ANDROOS,61M. S ANTANDER,92S. S ARKAR,50, 98S. S ARKAR,59K. S ATALECKA,47P. S CHLUNDER,71
T. SCHMIDT,68A. SCHNEIDER,74 S. SCHOENEN,57S. SCHONEBERG¨ ,65L. SCHUMACHER,57D. SECKEL,81S. SEUNARINE,94 J. SOEDINGREKSO,71D. S OLDIN,66M. S ONG,68G. M. S PICZAK,94C. S PIERING,47J. S TACHURSKA,47M. S TAMATIKOS,63
T. STANEV,81A. STASIK,47J. STETTNER,57 A. STEUER,61T. STEZELBERGER,70 R. G. STOKSTAD,70A. STOSSL¨ ,87 N. L. STROTJOHANN,47T. STUTTARD,50G. W. SULLIVAN,68M. SUTHERLAND,63I. TABOADA,96 J. TATAR,70, 62F. TENHOLT,65
S. TER-ANTONYAN,84A. TERLIUK,47G. TEˇSIC´,55S. TILAV,81P. A. TOALE,92M. N. TOBIN,74S. TOSCANO,75D. TOSI,74 M. TSELENGIDOU,53C. F. TUNG,96 A. TURCATI,78C. F. TURLEY,55B. TY,74E. UNGER,73M. USNER,47J. VANDENBROUCKE,74 W. VANDRIESSCHE,82 N. VANEIJNDHOVEN,75S. V ANHEULE,82 J. VANSANTEN,47M. V EHRING,57E. V OGEL,57 M. V RAEGHE,82
C. WALCK,51A. WALLACE,46M. WALLRAFF,57F. D. WANDLER,59N. WANDKOWSKY,74A. WAZA,57C. WEAVER,59 M. J. WEISS,55 C. WENDT,74J. W ERTHEBACH,71S. W ESTERHOFF,74B. J. W HELAN,46K. W IEBE,61C. H. W IEBUSCH,57L. W ILLE,74
D. R. WILLIAMS,92L. WILLS,93M. WOLF,74J. WOOD,74T. R. WOOD,59E. WOOLSEY,59K. WOSCHNAGG,62D. L. XU,74 X. W. XU,84Y. X U,90J. P. Y ANEZ,59G. Y ODH,60S. Y OSHIDA,87T. Y UAN,74 ANDM. ZOLL51 (ICECUBECOLLABORATION) A. AAB,99P. A BREU,100M. A GLIETTA,101, 102I.F.M. A LBUQUERQUE,103J.M. A LBURY,104I. A LLEKOTTE,105A. A LMELA,106, 107
J. ALVAREZCASTILLO,108J. ALVAREZ-MUNIZ˜ ,109G.A. ANASTASI,110, 111L. ANCHORDOQUI,112B. ANDRADA,106S. ANDRINGA,100 C. ARAMO,113N. A RSENE,114H. A SOREY,105, 115P. A SSIS,100G. A VILA,116, 117A.M. B ADESCU,118A. B ALACEANU,119
F. BARBATO,120R.J. BARREIRALUZ,100J.J. BEATTY,121K.H. BECKER,122 J.A. BELLIDO,104C. BERAT,123M.E. BERTAINA,124, 102 X. BERTOU,105P.L. BIERMANN,125J. BITEAU,126S.G. BLAESS,104A. BLANCO,100J. BLAZEK,127C. BLEVE,128, 129M. BOHA´COVˇ A´,127
C. BONIFAZI,130N. BORODAI,131A.M. BOTTI,106, 132J. BRACK,133I. BRANCUS,119T. BRETZ,134A. BRIDGEMAN,135 F.L. BRIECHLE,134P. BUCHHOLZ,136A. BUENO,137S. BUITINK,99M. BUSCEMI,138, 139K.S. CABALLERO-MORA,140 L. CACCIANIGA,141A. C ANCIO,107, 106F. C ANFORA,99R. C ARUSO,138, 139A. C ASTELLINA,101, 102F. C ATALANI,142G. C ATALDI,129
L. CAZON,100A.G. CHAVEZ,143J.A. CHINELLATO,144J. CHUDOBA,127R.W. CLAY,104A.C. COBOSCERUTTI,145 R. COLALILLO,120, 113A. C OLEMAN,146L. C OLLICA,102M.R. C OLUCCIA,128, 129R. C ONCEIC¸ ˜AO,100G. C ONSOLATI,147, 148
F. CONTRERAS,116, 117M.J. COOPER,104S. COUTU,146C.E. COVAULT,149J. CRONIN,150 ,∗S. D’AMICO,151, 129B. DANIEL,144 S. DASSO,152, 153K. DAUMILLER,132B.R. DAWSON,104J.A. DAY,104R.M.DEALMEIDA,154S.J.DEJONG,99, 155G. DEMAURO,99
J.R.T.DEMELLONETO,130, 156I. DEMITRI,128, 129J.DEOLIVEIRA,154V.DESOUZA,157J. DEBATIN,135O. DELIGNY,126 M.L. D´IAZCASTRO,144F. DIOGO,100C. DOBRIGKEIT,144J.C. D’OLIVO,108Q. DOROSTI,136R.C.DOSANJOS,158M.T. DOVA,159
A. DUNDOVIC,160J. E BR,127R. E NGEL,132M. E RDMANN,134M. E RFANI,136C.O. E SCOBAR,161J. E SPADANAL,100
A. ETCHEGOYEN,106, 107H. FALCKE,99, 162, 155J. FARMER,150G. FARRAR,163A.C. FAUTH,144N. FAZZINI,161F. FELDBUSCH,164 F. FENU,124, 102B. F ICK,165J.M. F IGUEIRA,106A. F ILIPCIˇ Cˇ,166, 167M.M. F REIRE,168T. F UJII,150A. F USTER,106, 107R. G A¨IOR,169
B. GARC´IA,145F. GATE´,170H. GEMMEKE,164A. GHERGHEL-LASCU,119P.L. GHIA,126U. GIACCARI,130, 171M. GIAMMARCHI,147 M. GILLER,172D. G ŁAS,173C. G LASER,134G. G OLUP,105M. G ´ OMEZBERISSO,105P.F. G ´ OMEZVITALE,116, 117N. G ONZALEZ´ ,106, 132
A. GORGI,101, 102M. GOTTOWIK,122A.F. GRILLO,111 ,†T.D. GRUBB,104F. GUARINO,120, 113G.P. GUEDES,174R. HALLIDAY,149 M.R. HAMPEL,106P. HANSEN,159D. HARARI,105T.A. HARRISON,104V.M. HARVEY,104A. HAUNGS,132T. HEBBEKER,134D. HECK,132
P. HEIMANN,136A.E. HERVE,135G.C. HILL,104C. HOJVAT,161E. HOLT,132, 106P. HOMOLA,131J.R. H ¨ORANDEL,99, 155P. HORVATH,175 M. HRABOVSKY´,175T. HUEGE,132J. HULSMAN,106, 132A. INSOLIA,138, 139P.G. ISAR,114I. JANDT,122J.A. JOHNSEN,176 M. JOSEBACHUILI,106J. J URYSEK,127A. K ¨ AAP¨ A¨,122K.H. K AMPERT,122B. K EILHAUER,132N. K EMMERICH,103J. K EMP,134
R.M. KIECKHAFER,165H.O. KLAGES,132M. KLEIFGES,164J. KLEINFELLER,116R. KRAUSE,134N. KROHM,122D. KUEMPEL,122 G. KUKECMEZEK,167N. K UNKA,164A. K UOTBAWAD,135B.L. L AGO,177D. L AHURD,149R.G. L ANG,157M. L AUSCHER,134
R. LEGUMINA,172M.A. LEIGUI DEOLIVEIRA,178A. LETESSIER-SELVON,169I. LHENRY-YVON,126K. LINK,135D. LOPRESTI,138, 139 L. LOPES,100R. L ´OPEZ,179A. L ´OPEZCASADO,109R. LOREK,149Q. LUCE,126A. LUCERO,106M. MALACARI,150
M. MALLAMACI,141, 147D. MANDAT,127P. MANTSCH,161A.G. MARIAZZI,159I.C. MARIS¸ ,180G. MARSELLA,128, 129 D. MARTELLO,128, 129H. MARTINEZ,181O. MART´INEZBRAVO,179J.J. MAS´IASMEZA,153H.J. MATHES,132S. MATHYS,122 J. MATTHEWS,182G. M ATTHIAE,183, 184E. M AYOTTE,122P.O. M AZUR,161 C. M EDINA,176G. M EDINA-TANCO,108D. M ELO,106
A. MENSHIKOV,164K.-D. MERENDA,176S. MICHAL,175M.I. MICHELETTI,168L. MIDDENDORF,134 L. MIRAMONTI,141, 147 B. MITRICA,119D. M OCKLER,135S. M OLLERACH,105F. M ONTANET,123C. M ORELLO,101, 102G. M ORLINO,110, 111M. M OSTAFA´,146
A.L. M ¨ULLER,106, 132G. M ¨ULLER,134M.A. MULLER,144, 185S. M ¨ULLER,135, 106R. MUSSA,102I. NARANJO,105L. NELLEN,108 P.H. NGUYEN,104M. N ICULESCU-OGLINZANU,119M. N IECHCIOL,136L. N IEMIETZ,122T. N IGGEMANN,134D. N ITZ,165D. N OSEK,186
V. NOVOTNY,186L. NOZKAˇ ,175 L.A. N ´UNEZ˜ ,115F. OIKONOMOU,146A. OLINTO,150M. PALATKA,127J. PALLOTTA,187 P. PAPENBREER,122G. PARENTE,109A. PARRA,179T. PAUL,112M. PECH,127F. PEDREIRA,109J. PE¸KALA,131R. PELAYO,188 J. PENA˜ -RODRIGUEZ,115L.A.S. PEREIRA,144M. PERLIN,106L. PERRONE,128, 129C. PETERS,134S. PETRERA,110, 111J. PHUNTSOK,146
T. PIEROG,132M. PIMENTA,100V. PIRRONELLO,138, 139M. PLATINO,106M. PLUM,134J. POH,150C. POROWSKI,131R.R. PRADO,157 P. PRIVITERA,150M. P ROUZA,127E.J. Q UEL,187S. Q UERCHFELD,122S. Q UINN,149R. R AMOS-POLLAN,115J. R AUTENBERG,122
D. RAVIGNANI,106J. RIDKY,127F. RIEHN,100M. RISSE,136P. RISTORI,187V. RIZI,189, 111W. RODRIGUES DECARVALHO,103 G. RODRIGUEZFERNANDEZ,183, 184J. R ODRIGUEZROJO,116M.J. R ONCORONI,106M. R OTH,132E. R OULET,105A.C. R OVERO,152
P. RUEHL,136S.J. SAFFI,104A. SAFTOIU,119F. SALAMIDA,189, 111H. SALAZAR,179A. SALEH,167G. SALINA,184F. S ´ANCHEZ,106 P. SANCHEZ-LUCAS,137E.M. SANTOS,103E. SANTOS,127F. SARAZIN,176R. SARMENTO,100C. SARMIENTO-CANO,106R. SATO,116
M. SCHAUER,122V. SCHERINI,129H. SCHIELER,132M. SCHIMP,122D. SCHMIDT,132, 106O. SCHOLTEN,190, 191P. SCHOVANEK´ ,127 F.G. SCHRODER¨ ,132S. SCHRODER¨ ,122A. SCHULZ,135J. SCHUMACHER,134S.J. SCIUTTO,159A. SEGRETO,192, 139A. SHADKAM,182
R.C. SHELLARD,171G. S IGL,160G. S ILLI,106, 132R. ˇS M´IDA,132G.R. S NOW,193P. S OMMERS,146S. S ONNTAG,136J.F. S ORIANO,112
A. STREICH,135F. SUAREZ,106, 107M. SUAREZDURAN´ ,115T. SUDHOLZ,104T. SUOMIJARVI¨ ,126A.D. SUPANITSKY,152J. ˇSUP´IK,175 J. SWAIN,194Z. SZADKOWSKI,173A. TABOADA,132O.A. TABORDA,105C. TIMMERMANS,155, 99C.J. TODEROPEIXOTO,142
L. TOMANKOVA,132B. TOME´,100G. TORRALBAELIPE,109P. TRAVNICEK,127M. TRINI,167M. TUEROS,159R. ULRICH,132 M. UNGER,132M. URBAN,134J.F. VALDES´ GALICIA,108I. VALINO˜ ,109L. VALORE,120, 113G.VANAAR,99P.VANBODEGOM,104
A.M.VAN DENBERG,190A.
VANVLIET,99E. V
ARELA,179B. V
ARGASC ´ARDENAS,108R.A. V ´
AZQUEZ,109D. V
EBERICˇ,132
C. VENTURA,156I.D. VERGARAQUISPE,159V. VERZI,184J. VICHA,127L. VILLASENOR˜ ,143S. VOROBIOV,167H. WAHLBERG,159 O. WAINBERG,106, 107D. W ALZ,134A.A. W ATSON,195M. W EBER,164A. W EINDL,132M. W IEDENSKI´ ,173L. W IENCKE,176
H. WILCZYNSKI´ ,131M. WIRTZ,134D. WITTKOWSKI,122B. WUNDHEILER,106L. YANG,167A. YUSHKOV,127E. ZAS,109 D. ZAVRTANIK,167, 166M. Z AVRTANIK,166, 167A. Z EPEDA,181B. Z IMMERMANN,164M. Z IOLKOWSKI,136Z. Z ONG,126 AND F. ZUCCARELLO138, 139
(THEPIERREAUGERCOLLABORATION)
B. P. ABBOTT,196R. ABBOTT,196T. D. ABBOTT,197F. ACERNESE,198, 199K. ACKLEY,200, 201C. ADAMS,202T. ADAMS,203 P. ADDESSO,204R. X. A DHIKARI,196V. B. A DYA,205C. A FFELDT,205M. A FROUGH,206B. A GARWAL,207M. A GATHOS,208
K. AGATSUMA,209N. AGGARWAL,210O. D. AGUIAR,211L. AIELLO,212, 213A. AIN,214P. AJITH,215B. ALLEN,205, 216, 217G. ALLEN,207 A. ALLOCCA,218, 219P. A. ALTIN,220A. AMATO,221A. ANANYEVA,196S. B. ANDERSON,196W. G. ANDERSON,216S. V. ANGELOVA,222
S. ANTIER,223S. APPERT,196K. ARAI,196 M. C. ARAYA,196J. S. AREEDA,224N. ARNAUD,223, 225K. G. ARUN,226S. ASCENZI,227, 228 G. ASHTON,205M. AST,229S. M. ASTON,202P. ASTONE,230D. V. ATALLAH,231P. AUFMUTH,217C. AULBERT,205K. AULTONEAL,232
C. AUSTIN,197A. A VILA-ALVAREZ,224S. B ABAK,233P. B ACON,234M. K. M. B ADER,209S. B AE,235P. T. B AKER,236
F. BALDACCINI,237, 238G. BALLARDIN,225S. W. BALLMER,239S. BANAGIRI,240J. C. BARAYOGA,196S. E. BARCLAY,241 B. C. BARISH,196D. B ARKER,242K. B ARKETT,243F. B ARONE,198, 199B. B ARR,241L. B ARSOTTI,210M. B ARSUGLIA,234D. B ARTA,244
J. BARTLETT,242I. BARTOS,245, 200R. BASSIRI,246A. BASTI,218, 219J. C. BATCH,242M. BAWAJ,247, 238J. C. BAYLEY,241 M. BAZZAN,248, 249B. B ´ECSY,250C. BEER,205M. BEJGER,251I. BELAHCENE,223A. S. BELL,241B. K. BERGER,196G. BERGMANN,205
J. J. BERO,252C. P. L. BERRY,253D. BERSANETTI,254A. BERTOLINI,209J. BETZWIESER,202S. BHAGWAT,239R. BHANDARE,255 I. A. BILENKO,256G. BILLINGSLEY,196 C. R. BILLMAN,200J. BIRCH,202R. BIRNEY,257O. BIRNHOLTZ,205S. BISCANS,196, 210 S. BISCOVEANU,258, 201A. B ISHT,217M. B ITOSSI,225, 219C. B IWER,239M. A. B IZOUARD,223J. K. B LACKBURN,196J. B LACKMAN,243
C. D. BLAIR,196, 259D. G. BLAIR,259R. M. BLAIR,242S. BLOEMEN,260O. BOCK,205N. BODE,205M. BOER,261G. BOGAERT,261 A. BOHE,233F. B ONDU,262E. B ONILLA,246R. B ONNAND,203B. A. B OOM,209R. B ORK,196V. B OSCHI,225, 219S. B OSE,263, 214
K. BOSSIE,202Y. BOUFFANAIS,234A. BOZZI,225C. BRADASCHIA,219P. R. BRADY,216M. BRANCHESI,212, 213J. E. BRAU,264 T. BRIANT,265A. B RILLET,261M. B RINKMANN,205V. B RISSON,223P. B ROCKILL,216J. E. B ROIDA,266A. F. B ROOKS,196
D. A. BROWN,239D. D. BROWN,267S. BRUNETT,196C. C. BUCHANAN,197A. BUIKEMA,210T. BULIK,268H. J. BULTEN,269, 209 A. BUONANNO,233, 270D. BUSKULIC,203C. BUY,234R. L. BYER,246M. CABERO,205L. CADONATI,271 G. CAGNOLI,221, 272 C. CAHILLANE,196J. CALDERON´ BUSTILLO,271T. A. CALLISTER,196E. CALLONI,273, 199J. B. CAMP,274M. CANEPA,275, 254 P. CANIZARES,260K. C. CANNON,276H. CAO,267J. CAO,277C. D. CAPANO,205E. CAPOCASA,234F. CARBOGNANI,225S. CARIDE,278
M. F. CARNEY,279J. C ASANUEVADIAZ,223C. C ASENTINI,227, 228S. C AUDILL,216, 209M. C AVAGLIA`,206F. C AVALIER,223
R. CAVALIERI,225G. CELLA,219C. B. CEPEDA,196P. CERDA´-DURAN´ ,280G. CERRETANI,218, 219E. CESARINI,281, 228 S. J. CHAMBERLIN,258M. C HAN,241S. C HAO,282P. C HARLTON,283E. C HASE,284E. C HASSANDE-MOTTIN,234D. C HATTERJEE,216
B. D. CHEESEBORO,236H. Y. CHEN,285X. CHEN,259Y. CHEN,243H.-P. CHENG,200H. CHIA,200A. CHINCARINI,254A. CHIUMMO,225 T. CHMIEL,279H. S. CHO,286M. CHO,270J. H. CHOW,220N. CHRISTENSEN,266, 261Q. CHU,259A. J. K. CHUA,208S. CHUA,265
A. K. W. CHUNG,287S. CHUNG,259G. CIANI,200, 248, 249R. CIOLFI,288, 289C. E. CIRELLI,246A. CIRONE,275, 254F. CLARA,242 J. A. CLARK,271P. CLEARWATER,290F. CLEVA,261C. COCCHIERI,206E. COCCIA,212, 213P.-F. COHADON,265D. COHEN,223 A. COLLA,291, 230C. G. C OLLETTE,292L. R. C OMINSKY,293M. C ONSTANCIOJR.,211L. C ONTI,249S. J. C OOPER,253P. C ORBAN,202
T. R. CORBITT,197I. CORDERO-CARRION´ ,294K. R. CORLEY,245N. CORNISH,295A. CORSI,278S. CORTESE,225C. A. COSTA,211 M. W. COUGHLIN,266, 196S. B. C OUGHLIN,284J.-P. C OULON,261S. T. C OUNTRYMAN,245P. C OUVARES,196P. B. C OVAS,296
E. E. COWAN,271D. M. COWARD,259M. J. COWART,202D. C. COYNE,196R. COYNE,278J. D. E. CREIGHTON,216 T. D. CREIGHTON,297 J. CRIPE,197S. G. C ROWDER,298T. J. C ULLEN,224, 197A. C UMMING,241L. C UNNINGHAM,241E. C UOCO,225T. D ALCANTON,274
G. D ´ALYA,250S. L. DANILISHIN,217, 205S. D’ANTONIO,228K. DANZMANN,217, 205A. DASGUPTA,299C. F. DASILVACOSTA,200 V. DATTILO,225I. DAVE,255M. DAVIER,223D. DAVIS,239E. J. DAW,300B. DAY,271S. DE,239D. DEBRA,246J. DEGALLAIX,221 M. DELAURENTIS,212, 199S. DELEGLISE´ ,265W. DELPOZZO,253, 218, 219N. DEMOS,210T. DENKER,205T. DENT,205R. DEPIETRI,301, 302
V. DERGACHEV,233R. DEROSA,273, 199R. T. DEROSA,202C. DEROSSI,221, 225R. DESALVO,303O.DEVARONA,205J. DEVENSON,222 S. DHURANDHAR,214M. C. D´ IAZ,297L. D IFIORE,199M. D IGIOVANNI,304, 289T. D IGIROLAMO,245, 273, 199A. D ILIETO,218, 219
S. DIPACE,291, 230I. DIPALMA,291, 230F. DIRENZO,218, 219Z. DOCTOR,285V. DOLIQUE,221F. DONOVAN,210K. L. DOOLEY,206 S. DORAVARI,205 I. D ORRINGTON,231R. D OUGLAS,241M. D OVALEA´LVAREZ,253T. P. D OWNES,216M. D RAGO,205
C. DREISSIGACKER,205J. C. DRIGGERS,242Z. DU,277M. DUCROT,203P. DUPEJ,241S. E. DWYER,242T. B. EDO,300 M. C. EDWARDS,266A. EFFLER,202H.-B. EGGENSTEIN,233, 205P. EHRENS,196J. EICHHOLZ,196S. S. EIKENBERRY,200 R. A. EISENSTEIN,210R. C. ESSICK,210D. ESTEVEZ,203Z. B. ETIENNE,236T. ETZEL,196M. EVANS,210T. M. EVANS,202 M. FACTOUROVICH,245V. FAFONE,227, 228, 212H. FAIR,239S. FAIRHURST,231X. FAN,277S. FARINON,254B. FARR,285W. M. FARR,253
E. J. FAUCHON-JONES,231M. F AVATA,305M. F AYS,231C. F EE,279H. F EHRMANN,205J. F EICHT,196M. M. F EJER,246
D. FIORUCCI,234M. FISHBACH,285R. P. FISHER,239M. FITZ-AXEN,240R. FLAMINIO,221, 306M. FLETCHER,241 H. FONG,307 J. A. FONT,280, 308P. W. F. FORSYTH,220S. S. FORSYTH,271J.-D. FOURNIER,261S. FRASCA,291, 230F. FRASCONI,219Z. FREI,250
A. FREISE,253R. FREY,264V. FREY,223E. M. FRIES,196P. FRITSCHEL,210V. V. FROLOV,202P. FULDA,200M. FYFFE,202 H. GABBARD,241B. U. GADRE,214S. M. GAEBEL,253J. R. GAIR,309L. GAMMAITONI,237M. R. GANIJA,267S. G. GAONKAR,214
C. GARCIA-QUIROS,296F. G ARUFI,273, 199B. G ATELEY,242S. G AUDIO,232G. G AUR,310V. G AYATHRI,311N. G EHRELS,274 ,†
G. GEMME,254E. GENIN,225A. GENNAI,219D. GEORGE,207J. GEORGE,255L. GERGELY,312V. GERMAIN,203S. GHONGE,271 ABHIRUPGHOSH,215A RCHISMANGHOSH,215, 209S. G HOSH,260, 209, 216J. A. G IAIME,197, 202K. D. G IARDINA,202A. G IAZOTTO,219
K. GILL,232L. GLOVER,303E. GOETZ,313R. GOETZ,200S. GOMES,231B. GONCHAROV,201G. GONZALEZ´ ,197 J. M. GONZALEZCASTRO,218, 219A. G OPAKUMAR,314M. L. G ORODETSKY,256S. E. G OSSAN,196M. G OSSELIN,225R. G OUATY,203
A. GRADO,315, 199C. GRAEF,241M. GRANATA,221A. GRANT,241S. GRAS,210C. GRAY,242G. GRECO,316, 317A. C. GREEN,253 E. M. GRETARSSON,232P. GROOT,260H. GROTE,205S. GRUNEWALD,233P. GRUNING,223G. M. GUIDI,316, 317X. GUO,277A. GUPTA,258
M. K. GUPTA,299K. E. GUSHWA,196E. K. GUSTAFSON,196R. GUSTAFSON,313O. HALIM,213, 212B. R. HALL,263E. D. HALL,210 E. Z. HAMILTON,231G. HAMMOND,241M. HANEY,318M. M. HANKE,205J. HANKS,242C. HANNA,258M. D. HANNAM,231 O. A. HANNUKSELA,287J. H ANSON,202T. H ARDWICK,197J. H ARMS,212, 213G. M. H ARRY,319I. W. H ARRY,233M. J. H ART,241
C.-J. HASTER,307K. HAUGHIAN,241J. HEALY,252A. HEIDMANN,265M. C. HEINTZE,202H. HEITMANN,261P. HELLO,223 G. HEMMING,225M. H ENDRY,241I. S. H ENG,241J. H ENNIG,241A. W. H EPTONSTALL,196M. H EURS,205, 217S. H ILD,241
T. HINDERER,260D. HOAK,225D. HOFMAN,221K. HOLT,202D. E. HOLZ,285P. HOPKINS,231C. HORST,216J. HOUGH,241 E. A. HOUSTON,241E. J. H OWELL,259A. H REIBI,261Y. M. H U,205E. A. H UERTA,207D. H UET,223B. H UGHEY,232S. H USA,296
S. H. HUTTNER,241T. HUYNH-DINH,202N. INDIK,205R. INTA,278G. INTINI,291, 230H. N. ISA,241J.-M. ISAC,265M. ISI,196 B. R. IYER,215K. IZUMI,242T. JACQMIN,265K. JANI,271P. JARANOWSKI,320S. JAWAHAR,257F. JIMENEZ´ -FORTEZA,296 W. W. JOHNSON,197D. I. J ONES,321R. J ONES,241R. J. G. J ONKER,209L. J U,259J. J UNKER,205C. V. K ALAGHATGI,231
V. KALOGERA,284B. KAMAI,196S. KANDHASAMY,202G. KANG,235J. B. KANNER,196S. J. KAPADIA,216S. KARKI,264 K. S. KARVINEN,205M. K ASPRZACK,197M. K ATOLIK,207E. K ATSAVOUNIDIS,210W. K ATZMAN,202S. K AUFER,217K. K AWABE,242
F. K ´EFELIAN´ ,261D. KEITEL,241A. J. KEMBALL,207R. KENNEDY,300C. KENT,231J. S. KEY,322F. Y. KHALILI,256I. KHAN,212, 228 S. KHAN,205Z. K HAN,299E. A. K HAZANOV,323N. K IJBUNCHOO,220C HUNGLEEKIM,324J. C. K IM,325K. K IM,287W. K IM,267
W. S. KIM,326Y.-M. KIM,286S. J. KIMBRELL,271E. J. KING,267P. J. KING,242M. KINLEY-HANLON,319R. KIRCHHOFF,205 J. S. KISSEL,242L. KLEYBOLTE,229S. KLIMENKO,200T. D. KNOWLES,236P. KOCH,205S. M. KOEHLENBECK,205S. KOLEY,209
V. KONDRASHOV,196A. KONTOS,210M. KOROBKO,229W. Z. KORTH,196I. KOWALSKA,268D. B. KOZAK,196C. KRAMER¨ ,205 V. KRINGEL,205B. KRISHNAN,205A. KROLAK´ ,327, 328G. KUEHN,205P. KUMAR,307R. KUMAR,299S. KUMAR,215L. KUO,282 A. KUTYNIA,327S. K WANG,216B. D. L ACKEY,233K. H. L AI,287M. L ANDRY,242R. N. L ANG,329J. L ANGE,252B. L ANTZ,246
R. K. LANZA,210A. LARTAUX-VOLLARD,223P. D. LASKY,201M. LAXEN,202A. LAZZARINI,196C. LAZZARO,249P. LEACI,291, 230 S. LEAVEY,241C. H. L EE,286H. K. L EE,330H. M. L EE,331H. W. L EE,325K. L EE,241J. L EHMANN,205A. L ENON,236
M. LEONARDI,304, 289N. LEROY,223N. LETENDRE,203Y. LEVIN,201T. G. F. LI,287S. D. LINKER,303T. B. LITTENBERG,332J. LIU,259 R. K. L. LO,287N. A. L OCKERBIE,257L. T. L ONDON,231J. E. L ORD,239M. L ORENZINI,212, 213V. L ORIETTE,333M. L ORMAND,202
G. LOSURDO,219J. D. LOUGH,205C. O. LOUSTO,252G. LOVELACE,224H. L ¨UCK,217, 205D. LUMACA,227, 228A. P. LUNDGREN,205 R. LYNCH,210Y. MA,243R. MACAS,231 S. MACFOY,222B. MACHENSCHALK,205M. MACINNIS,210D. M. MACLEOD,231 I. MAGANA˜ HERNANDEZ,216F. MAGANA˜ -SANDOVAL,239L. MAGANA˜ ZERTUCHE,239R. M. MAGEE,258E. MAJORANA,230 I. MAKSIMOVIC,333N. MAN,261V. MANDIC,240V. MANGANO,241G. L. MANSELL,220M. MANSKE,216, 220M. MANTOVANI,225 F. MARCHESONI,247, 238F. M ARION,203 S. M ´ ARKA,245Z. M ´ ARKA,245C. M ARKAKIS,207A. S. M ARKOSYAN,246A. M ARKOWITZ,196
E. MAROS,196A. MARQUINA,294F. MARTELLI,316, 317L. MARTELLINI,261I. W. MARTIN,241R. M. MARTIN,305D. V. MARTYNOV,210 K. MASON,210E. M ASSERA,300A. M ASSEROT,203T. J. M ASSINGER,196M. M ASSO-REID,241S. M ASTROGIOVANNI,291, 230
A. MATAS,240F. MATICHARD,196, 210L. MATONE,245N. MAVALVALA,210N. MAZUMDER,263R. MCCARTHY,242 D. E. MCCLELLAND,220S. MCCORMICK,202L. MCCULLER,210S. C. MCGUIRE,334G. MCINTYRE,196J. MCIVER,196 D. J. MCMANUS,220L. MCNEILL,201T. MCRAE,220S. T. MCWILLIAMS,236 D. MEACHER,258G. D. MEADORS,233, 205M. MEHMET,205
J. MEIDAM,209E. MEJUTO-VILLA,204A. MELATOS,290G. MENDELL,242R. A. MERCER,216E. L. MERILH,242M. MERZOUGUI,261 S. MESHKOV,196C. M ESSENGER,241C. M ESSICK,258R. M ETZDORFF,265P. M. M EYERS,240H. M IAO,253C. M ICHEL,221
H. MIDDLETON,253E. E. MIKHAILOV,335L. MILANO,273, 199A. L. MILLER,200, 291, 230B. B. MILLER,284J. MILLER,210 M. MILLHOUSE,295M. C. M ILOVICH-GOFF,303O. M INAZZOLI,261, 336Y. M INENKOV,228J. M ING,233C. M ISHRA,337S. M ITRA,214
V. P. MITROFANOV,256G. MITSELMAKHER,200R. MITTLEMAN,210D. MOFFA,279A. MOGGI,219K. MOGUSHI,206M. MOHAN,225 S. R. P. MOHAPATRA,210M. M ONTANI,316, 317C. J. M OORE,208D. M ORARU,242G. M ORENO,242S. R. M ORRISS,297B. M OURS,203
C. M. MOW-LOWRY,253G. MUELLER,200A. W. MUIR,231ARUNAVAMUKHERJEE,205D. MUKHERJEE,216S. MUKHERJEE,297 N. MUKUND,214A. MULLAVEY,202J. MUNCH,267E. A. MUNIZ˜ ,239M. MURATORE,232P. G. MURRAY,241K. NAPIER,271 I. NARDECCHIA,227, 228L. NATICCHIONI,291, 230R. K. NAYAK,338J. NEILSON,303G. NELEMANS,260, 209T. J. N. NELSON,202 M. NERY,205A. NEUNZERT,313L. NEVIN,196J. M. NEWPORT,319G. NEWTON,241 ,‡K. K. Y. NG,287T. T. NGUYEN,220D. NICHOLS,260
A. B. NIELSEN,205S. N ISSANKE,260, 209A. N ITZ,205A. N OACK,205F. N OCERA,225D. N OLTING,202C. N ORTH,231L. K. N UTTALL,231
J. OBERLING,242G. D. O’DEA,303G. H. OGIN,339J. J. OH,326S. H. OH,326F. OHME,205M. A. OKADA,211M. OLIVER,296 P. OPPERMANN,205R
ICHARDJ. ORAM,202B. O’R
EILLY,202R. O
RMISTON,240L. F. O
RTEGA,200R. O’S
HAUGHNESSY,252
S. OSSOKINE,233D. J. OTTAWAY,267H. OVERMIER,202B. J. OWEN,278A. E. PACE,258J. PAGE,332M. A. PAGE,259A. PAI,311, 340 S. A. PAI,255J. R. PALAMOS,264O. PALASHOV,323C. PALOMBA,230A. PAL-SINGH,229HOWARDPAN,282HUANG-WEIPAN,282
B. PANG,243P. T. H. PANG,287C. PANKOW,284F. PANNARALE,231B. C. PANT,255F. PAOLETTI,219A. PAOLI,225M. A. PAPA,233, 216, 205 A. PARIDA,214W. PARKER,202D. PASCUCCI,241A. PASQUALETTI,225R. PASSAQUIETI,218, 219D. PASSUELLO,219M. PATIL,328 B. PATRICELLI,341, 219B. L. PEARLSTONE,241M. PEDRAZA,196R. PEDURAND,221, 342L. PEKOWSKY,239A. PELE,202S. PENN,343 C. J. PEREZ,242A. PERRECA,196, 304, 289L. M. PERRI,284H. P. PFEIFFER,307, 233M. PHELPS,241O. J. PICCINNI,291, 230M. PICHOT,261
F. PIERGIOVANNI,316, 317V. P IERRO,204G. P ILLANT,225L. P INARD,221I. M. P INTO,204M. P IRELLO,242M. P ITKIN,241M. P OE,216
R. POGGIANI,218, 219P. POPOLIZIO,225E. K. PORTER,234A. POST,205J. POWELL,241, 344J. PRASAD,214J. W. W. PRATT,232 G. PRATTEN,296V. P REDOI,231T. P RESTEGARD,216M. P RIJATELJ,205M. P RINCIPE,204S. P RIVITERA,233 G. A. P RODI,304, 289
L. G. PROKHOROV,256O. PUNCKEN,205M. PUNTURO,238P. PUPPO,230M. P ¨URRER,233H. QI,216V. QUETSCHKE,297 E. A. QUINTERO,196R. Q UITZOW-JAMES,264F. J. R AAB,242D. S. R ABELING,220H. R ADKINS,242P. R AFFAI,250S. R AJA,255
C. RAJAN,255B. RAJBHANDARI,278M. RAKHMANOV,297K. E. RAMIREZ,297A. RAMOS-BUADES,296P. RAPAGNANI,291, 230 V. RAYMOND,233M. RAZZANO,218, 219J. READ,224T. REGIMBAU,261L. REI,254S. REID,257D. H. REITZE,196, 200W. REN,207 S. D. REYES,239F. RICCI,291, 230P. M. RICKER,207S. RIEGER,205K. RILES,313M. RIZZO,252N. A. ROBERTSON,196, 241R. ROBIE,241
F. ROBINET,223A. ROCCHI,228L. ROLLAND,203J. G. ROLLINS,196V. J. ROMA,264R. ROMANO,198, 199C. L. ROMEL,242 J. H. ROMIE,202D. R OSINSKA´ ,345, 251M. P. R OSS,346S. R OWAN,241A. R ¨ UDIGER,205P. R UGGI,225G. R UTINS,222K. R YAN,242
S. SACHDEV,196T. SADECKI,242L. SADEGHIAN,216M. SAKELLARIADOU,347L. SALCONI,225M. SALEEM,311 F. SALEMI,205 A. SAMAJDAR,338L. S AMMUT,201L. M. S AMPSON,284E. J. S ANCHEZ,196L. E. S ANCHEZ,196N. S ANCHIS-GUAL,280V. S ANDBERG,242
J. R. SANDERS,239B. SASSOLAS,221P. R. SAULSON,239O. SAUTER,313R. L. SAVAGE,242A. SAWADSKY,229P. SCHALE,264 M. SCHEEL,243J. S CHEUER,284J. S CHMIDT,205P. S CHMIDT,196, 260R. S CHNABEL,229R. M. S. S CHOFIELD,264A. S CHONBECK¨ ,229
E. SCHREIBER,205D. SCHUETTE,205, 217B. W. SCHULTE,205B. F. SCHUTZ,231, 205S. G. SCHWALBE,232J. SCOTT,241S. M. SCOTT,220 E. SEIDEL,207D. SELLERS,202A. S. SENGUPTA,348D. SENTENAC,225V. SEQUINO,227, 228, 212A. SERGEEV,323D. A. SHADDOCK,220
T. J. SHAFFER,242A. A. S HAH,332M. S. S HAHRIAR,284M. B. S HANER,303L. S HAO,233B. S HAPIRO,246P. S HAWHAN,270
A. SHEPERD,216D. H. SHOEMAKER,210D. M. SHOEMAKER,271K. SIELLEZ,271X. SIEMENS,216M. SIENIAWSKA,251D. SIGG,242 A. D. SILVA,211L. P. S INGER,274A. S INGH,233, 205, 217A. S INGHAL,212, 230A. M. S INTES,296 B. J. J. S LAGMOLEN,220B. S MITH,202
J. R. SMITH,224R. J. E. SMITH,196, 201S. SOMALA,349E. J. SON,326J. A. SONNENBERG,216B. SORAZU,241F. SORRENTINO,254 T. SOURADEEP,214A. P. S PENCER,241 A. K. S RIVASTAVA,299K. S TAATS,232A. S TALEY,245M. S TEINKE,205J. S TEINLECHNER,229, 241
S. STEINLECHNER,229D. STEINMEYER,205S. P. STEVENSON,253, 344R. STONE,297D. J. STOPS,253K. A. STRAIN,241 G. STRATTA,316, 317S. E. STRIGIN,256A. STRUNK,242R. STURANI,350A. L. STUVER,202T. Z. SUMMERSCALES,351L. SUN,290
S. SUNIL,299J. SURESH,214 P. J. SUTTON,231B. L. SWINKELS,225M. J. SZCZEPANCZYK´ ,232M. TACCA,209S. C. TAIT,241 C. TALBOT,201D. TALUKDER,264D. B. TANNER,200M. T ´APAI,312A. TARACCHINI,233 J. D. TASSON,266J. A. TAYLOR,332 R. TAYLOR,196S. V. T EWARI,343T. T HEEG,205F. T HIES,205E. G. T HOMAS,253M. T HOMAS,202P. T HOMAS,242K. A. T HORNE,202
E. THRANE,201S. TIWARI,212, 289V. TIWARI,231K. V. TOKMAKOV,257K. TOLAND,241M. TONELLI,218, 219Z. TORNASI,241 A. TORRES-FORNE´,280C. I. T ORRIE,196D. T ¨ OYRA¨,253F. T RAVASSO,225, 238G. T RAYLOR,202J. T RINASTIC,200M. C. T RINGALI,304, 289
L. TROZZO,352, 219K. W. TSANG,209M. TSE,210R. TSO,196L. TSUKADA,276D. TSUNA,276D. TUYENBAYEV,297K. UENO,216 D. UGOLINI,353C. S. U NNIKRISHNAN,314A. L. U RBAN,196S. A. U SMAN,231H. V AHLBRUCH,217G. V AJENTE,196G. V ALDES,197
N.VANBAKEL,209M.VANBEUZEKOM,209J. F. J.VAN DENBRAND,269, 209C. VANDENBROECK,209, 354D. C. VANDER-HYDE,239 L.VAN DERSCHAAF,209J. V.VANHEIJNINGEN,209A. A.VANVEGGEL,241M. VARDARO,248, 249V. VARMA,243S. VASS,196 M. VASUTH´ ,244A. VECCHIO,253G. VEDOVATO,249J. VEITCH,241P. J. VEITCH,267K. VENKATESWARA,346G. VENUGOPALAN,196
D. VERKINDT,203F. VETRANO,316, 317A. VICERE´,316, 317A. D. VIETS,216S. VINCIGUERRA,253D. J. VINE,222J.-Y. VINET,261 S. VITALE,210T. V O,239H. V OCCA,237, 238C. V ORVICK,242S. P. V YATCHANIN,256A. R. W ADE,196L. E. W ADE,279M. W ADE,279
R. WALET,209M. WALKER,224L. WALLACE,196S. WALSH,233, 205, 216G. WANG,212, 317H. WANG,253 J. Z. WANG,258W. H. WANG,297 Y. F. WANG,287R. L. W ARD,220J. W ARNER,242M. W AS,203J. W ATCHI,292B. W EAVER,242L.-W. W EI,205, 217M. W EINERT,205
A. J. WEINSTEIN,196R. WEISS,210L. WEN,259E. K. WESSEL,207P. WESSELS,205J. WESTERWECK,205T. WESTPHAL,205K. WETTE,220 J. T. WHELAN,252B. F. WHITING,200C. WHITTLE,201D. WILKEN,205D. WILLIAMS,241R. D. WILLIAMS,196A. R. WILLIAMSON,260
J. L. WILLIS,196, 355B. WILLKE,217, 205M. H. WIMMER,205W. WINKLER,205C. C. WIPF,196H. WITTEL,205, 217G. WOAN,241 J. WOEHLER,205J. WOFFORD,252K. W. K. WONG,287J. WORDEN,242J. L. WRIGHT,241D. S. WU,205D. M. WYSOCKI,252S. XIAO,196
H. YAMAMOTO,196C. C. Y ANCEY,270L. Y ANG,356M. J. Y AP,220M. Y AZBACK,200H ANGYU,210H AOCUNYU,210M. Y VERT,203
A. ZADROZNY˙ ,327M. ZANOLIN,232T. ZELENOVA,225J.-P. ZENDRI,249M. ZEVIN,284L. ZHANG,196M. ZHANG,335T. ZHANG,241 Y.-H. ZHANG,252C. Z HAO,259M. Z HOU,284Z. Z HOU,284S. J. Z HU,233, 205X. J. Z HU,201M. E. Z UCKER,196, 210 ANDJ. ZWEIZIG196
(LIGO SCIENTIFICCOLLABORATION ANDVIRGOCOLLABORATION)
1GRPHE - Universit´e de Haute Alsace - Institut universitaire de technologie de Colmar, 34 rue du Grillenbreit BP 50568 - 68008 Colmar, France 2Technical University of Catalonia, Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics, Rambla Exposici´o, 08800 Vilanova i la Geltr´u, Barcelona, Spain 3INFN - Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
4Institut d’Investigaci´o per a la Gesti´o Integrada de les Zones Costaneres (IGIC) - Universitat Polit`ecnica de Val`encia. C/ Paranimf 1, 46730 Gandia, Spain 5Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
7IFIC - Instituto de F´ısica Corpuscular (CSIC - Universitat de Val`encia) c/ Catedr´atico Jos´e Beltr´an, 2 E-46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
8LAM - Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, Pˆole de l’ ´Etoile Site de Chˆateau-Gombert, rue Fr´ed´eric Joliot-Curie 38, 13388 Marseille Cedex 13, France 9National Center for Energy Sciences and Nuclear Techniques, B.P.1382, R. P.10001 Rabat, Morocco
10INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy 11Nikhef, Science Park, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
12Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium, Universiteit Leiden, The Netherlands 13Institute of Space Science, RO-077125 Bucharest, M˘agurele, Romania
14Universiteit van Amsterdam, Instituut voor Hoge-Energie Fysica, Science Park 105, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands 15INFN - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
16Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Universit`a La Sapienza, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy 17Gran Sasso Science Institute, Viale Francesco Crispi 7, 00167 L’Aquila, Italy
18University Mohammed V in Rabat, Faculty of Sciences, 4 av. Ibn Battouta, B.P. 1014, R.P. 10000 Rabat, Morocco 19INFN - Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti-Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
20INFN - Sezione di Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
21Department of Computer Architecture and Technology/CITIC, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain 22G´eoazur, UCA, CNRS, IRD, Observatoire de la Cˆote d’Azur, Sophia Antipolis, France
23Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Universit`a, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy 24Universit´e Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
25Friedrich-Alexander-Universit¨at Erlangen-N¨urnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany 26University Mohammed I, Laboratory of Physics of Matter and Radiations, B.P.717, Oujda 6000, Morocco
27Institut f¨ur Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universit¨at W¨urzburg, Emil-Fischer Str. 31, 97074 W¨urzburg, Germany 28Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Universit`a, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
29Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, Clermont Universit´e, Universit´e Blaise Pascal, CNRS/IN2P3, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France 30INFN - Sezione di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
3131, Aix Marseille Universit´e CNRS ENSAM LSIS UMR 7296 13397 Marseille, France; Universit´e de Toulon CNRS LSIS UMR 7296, 83957 La Garde, France 32Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
33Universit´e de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
34Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ) and Utrecht University, Landsdiep 4, 1797 SZ ’t Horntje (Texel), the Netherlands 35Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte and ECAP, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit¨at Erlangen-N¨urnberg, Sternwartstr. 7, 96049 , Germany
36Moscow State University, Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Leninskie gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
37Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), Aix-Marseille University, 13288, Marseille, Cedex 9, France; Universit´e du Sud Toulon-Var, CNRS-INSU/IRD UM 110, 83957, La Garde Cedex, France
38Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia dell’Universit`a, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
39Direction des Sciences de la Mati`ere - Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l’Univers - Service de Physique des Particules, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
40INFN - Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
41Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Universit`a, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy 42INFN - Sezione di Napoli, Via Cintia 80126 Napoli, Italy
43Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Universit`a Federico II di Napoli, Via Cintia 80126, Napoli, Italy 44Dpto. de F´ısica Te´orica y del Cosmos & C.A.F.P.E., University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
45Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte and ECAP, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit¨at Erlangen-N¨urnberg, Sternwartstr. 7, 96049 Bamberg, Germany 46Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
47DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
48Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand 49Universit´e Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
50Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
51Oskar Klein Centre and Dept. of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
52D´epartement de physique nucl´eaire et corpusculaire, Universit´e de Gen`eve, CH-1211 Gen`eve, Switzerland
53Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit¨at Erlangen-N¨urnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany 54Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA
55Dept. of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA 56Dept. of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA 57III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
59Dept. of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1 60Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA 61Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany 62Dept. of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
63Dept. of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA 64Dept. of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
65Fakult¨at f¨ur Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universit¨at Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany 66Dept. of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
67Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA 68Dept. of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
69Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA 70Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
71Dept. of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany 72Dept. of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
73Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
74Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA 75Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
76SNOLAB, 1039 Regional Road 24, Creighton Mine 9, Lively, ON, Canada P3Y 1N2
77Institut f¨ur Kernphysik, Westf¨alische Wilhelms-Universit¨at M¨unster, D-48149 M¨unster, Germany 78Physik-department, Technische Universit¨at M¨unchen, D-85748 Garching, Germany
79Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA 80Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
81Bartol Research Institute and Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA 82Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
83Institut f¨ur Physik, Humboldt-Universit¨at zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany 84Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA 85Dept. of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
86Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
87Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan 88CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
89Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA 90Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA
91Universit´e de Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
92Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA 93Dept. of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA 94Dept. of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI 54022, USA
95Dept. of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
96School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA 97Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA 98Dept. of Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, UK
99IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
100Laborat´orio de Instrumentac¸˜ao e F´ısica Experimental de Part´ıculas – LIP and Instituto Superior T´ecnico – IST, Universidade de Lisboa – UL, Lisboa, Portugal 101Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino (INAF), Torino, Italy
102INFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
103Universidade de S˜ao Paulo, Instituto de F´ısica, S˜ao Paulo, SP, Brazil 104University of Adelaide, Adelaide, S.A., Australia
105Centro At´omico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro (CNEA-UNCuyo-CONICET), San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina 106Instituto de Tecnolog´ıas en Detecci´on y Astropart´ıculas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina 107Universidad Tecnol´ogica Nacional – Facultad Regional Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
108Universidad Nacional Aut´onoma de M´exico, M´exico, D.F., M´exico 109Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain 110Gran Sasso Science Institute (INFN), L’Aquila, Italy
111INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L’Aquila), Italy
113INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
114Institute of Space Science, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania 115Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia 116Observatorio Pierre Auger, Malarg¨ue, Argentina
117Observatorio Pierre Auger and Comisi´on Nacional de Energ´ıa At´omica, Malarg¨ue, Argentina 118University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
119“Horia Hulubei” National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania 120Universit`a di Napoli ”Federico II”, Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini“, Napoli, Italy
121Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
122Bergische Universit¨at Wuppertal, Department of Physics, Wuppertal, Germany
123Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Universit´e Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France 124Universit`a Torino, Dipartimento di Fisica, Torino, Italy
125Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Radioastronomie, Bonn, Germany
126Institut de Physique Nucl´eaire d’Orsay (IPNO), Universit´e Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris/Saclay, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France 127Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
128Universit`a del Salento, Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “E. De Giorgi”, Lecce, Italy 129INFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
130Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de F´ısica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 131Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland
132Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut f¨ur Kernphysik, Karlsruhe, Germany 133Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
134RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, Germany
135Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut f¨ur Experimentelle Kernphysik (IEKP), Karlsruhe, Germany 136Universit¨at Siegen, Fachbereich 7 Physik – Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Siegen, Germany 137Universidad de Granada and C.A.F.P.E., Granada, Spain
138Universit`a di Catania, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Catania, Italy 139INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
140Universidad Aut´onoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Guti´errez, Chiapas, M´exico 141Universit`a di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Milano, Italy
142Universidade de S˜ao Paulo, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Lorena, SP, Brazil 143Universidad Michoacana de San Nicol´as de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoac´an, M´exico 144Universidade Estadual de Campinas, IFGW, Campinas, SP, Brazil
145Instituto de Tecnolog´ıas en Detecci´on y Astropart´ıculas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), and Universidad Tecnol´ogica Nacional – Facultad Regional Mendoza (CONICET/CNEA), Mendoza, Argentina
146Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA 147INFN, Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
148Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Aerospaziali , Milano, Italy 149Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
150University of Chicago, Enrico Fermi Institute, Chicago, IL, USA 151Universit`a del Salento, Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Lecce, Italy
152Instituto de Astronom´ıa y F´ısica del Espacio (IAFE, CONICET-UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
153Departamento de F´ısica and Departamento de Ciencias de la Atm´osfera y los Oc´eanos, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
154Universidade Federal Fluminense, EEIMVR, Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil
155Nationaal Instituut voor Kernfysica en Hoge Energie Fysica (NIKHEF), Science Park, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 156Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Observat´orio do Valongo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
157Universidade de S˜ao Paulo, Instituto de F´ısica de S˜ao Carlos, S˜ao Carlos, SP, Brazil 158Universidade Federal do Paran´a, Setor Palotina, Palotina, Brazil
159IFLP, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET, La Plata, Argentina 160Universit¨at Hamburg, II. Institut f¨ur Theoretische Physik, Hamburg, Germany 161Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, USA
162Stichting Astronomisch Onderzoek in Nederland (ASTRON), Dwingeloo, The Netherlands 163New York University, New York, NY, USA
165Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
166Experimental Particle Physics Department, J. Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
167Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology (CAC), University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
168Instituto de F´ısica de Rosario (IFIR) – CONICET/U.N.R. and Facultad de Ciencias Bioqu´ımicas y Farmac´euticas U.N.R., Rosario, Argentina 169Laboratoire de Physique Nucl´eaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Universit´es Paris 6 et Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, Paris, France
170SUBATECH, ´Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Universit´e de Nantes, France 171Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
172University of Ł´od´z, Faculty of Astrophysics, Ł´od´z, Poland
173University of Ł´od´z, Faculty of High-Energy Astrophysics,Ł´od´z, Poland 174Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Brazil 175Palacky University, RCPTM, Olomouc, Czech Republic
176Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA
177Centro Federal de Educac¸˜ao Tecnol´ogica Celso Suckow da Fonseca, Nova Friburgo, Brazil 178Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andr´e, SP, Brazil
179Benem´erita Universidad Aut´onoma de Puebla, Puebla, M´exico 180Universit´e Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
181Centro de Investigaci´on y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV), M´exico, D.F., M´exico 182Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
183Universit`a di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Dipartimento di Fisica, Roma, Italy 184INFN, Sezione di Roma ”Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy
185also at Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Bras´ılia, Brazil
186Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Prague, Czech Republic 187Centro de Investigaciones en L´aseres y Aplicaciones, CITEDEF and CONICET, Villa Martelli, Argentina
188Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria en Ingenier´ıa y Tecnolog´ıas Avanzadas del Instituto Polit´ecnico Nacional (UPIITA-IPN), M´exico, D.F., M´exico 189Universit`a dell’Aquila, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, L’Aquila, Italy
190KVI – Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands 191also at Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
192INAF – Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Palermo, Palermo, Italy 193University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
194Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
195School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom 196LIGO, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 197Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
198Universit`a di Salerno, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy
199INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo, I-80126 Napoli, Italy 200University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
201OzGrav, School of Physics & Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia 202LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA
203Laboratoire d’Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Universit´e Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy, France 204University of Sannio at Benevento, I-82100 Benevento, Italy and INFN, Sezione di Napoli, I-80100 Napoli, Italy
205Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), D-30167 Hannover, Germany 206The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
207NCSA, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA 208University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, United Kingdom
209Nikhef, Science Park, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
210LIGO, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
211Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 12227-010 S˜ao Jos´e dos Campos, S˜ao Paulo, Brazil 212Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI), I-67100 L’Aquila, Italy
213INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy 214Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune 411007, India
215International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru 560089, India 216University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
217Leibniz Universit¨at Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany 218Universit`a di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
219INFN, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
220OzGrav, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia 221Laboratoire des Mat´eriaux Avanc´es (LMA), CNRS/IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France 222SUPA, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, United Kingdom
223LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Universit´e Paris-Saclay, F-91898 Orsay, France 224California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA
225European Gravitational Observatory (EGO), I-56021 Cascina, Pisa, Italy 226Chennai Mathematical Institute, Chennai 603103, India
227Universit`a di Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Roma, Italy 228INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Roma, Italy 229Universit¨at Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany 230INFN, Sezione di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy 231Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom 232Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, AZ 86301, USA
233Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
234APC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Universit´e Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cit´e, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
235Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 34141, Korea 236West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
237Universit`a di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy 238INFN, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy 239Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA 240University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
241SUPA, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom 242LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
243Caltech CaRT, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
244Wigner RCP, RMKI, H-1121 Budapest, Konkoly Thege Mikl´os ´ut 29-33, Hungary 245Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
246Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
247Universit`a di Camerino, Dipartimento di Fisica, I-62032 Camerino, Italy 248Universit`a di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, I-35131 Padova, Italy 249INFN, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
250Institute of Physics, E¨otv¨os University, P´azm´any P. s. 1/A, Budapest 1117, Hungary
251Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00-716, Warsaw, Poland 252Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
253University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom 254INFN, Sezione di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
255RRCAT, Indore MP 452013, India
256Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia 257SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, United Kingdom
258The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
259OzGrav, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
260Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands 261Artemis, Universit´e Cˆote d’Azur, Observatoire Cˆote d’Azur, CNRS, CS 34229, F-06304 Nice Cedex 4, France
262Institut FOTON, CNRS, Universit´e de Rennes 1, F-35042 Rennes, France 263Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
264University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
265Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit´es, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Coll`ege de France, F-75005 Paris, France 266Carleton College, Northfield, MN 55057, USA
267OzGrav, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia 268Astronomical Observatory Warsaw University, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland 269VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands 270University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
272Universit´e Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
273Universit`a di Napoli ‘Federico II,’ Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo, I-80126 Napoli, Italy 274NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
275Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit`a degli Studi di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy 276RESCEU, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
277Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 278Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA 279Kenyon College, Gambier, OH 43022, USA
280Departamento de Astronom´ıa y Astrof´ısica, Universitat de Val`encia, E-46100 Burjassot, Val`encia, Spain 281Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, I-00184 Roma, Italy
282National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, 30013 Taiwan, Republic of China 283Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2678, Australia
284Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration & Research in Astrophysics (CIERA), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA 285University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
286Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
287The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong 288INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, I-35122 Padova, Italy
289INFN, Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy 290OzGrav, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
291Universit`a di Roma ‘La Sapienza,’ I-00185 Roma, Italy 292Universit´e Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1050, Belgium 293Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA
294Departamento de Matem´aticas, Universitat de Val`encia, E-46100 Burjassot, Val`encia, Spain 295Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
296Universitat de les Illes Balears, IAC3—IEEC, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain 297The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA 298Bellevue College, Bellevue, WA 98007, USA
299Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar 382428, India 300The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
301Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Universit`a di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy 302INFN, Sezione di Milano Bicocca, Gruppo Collegato di Parma, I-43124 Parma, Italy
303California State University, Los Angeles, 5151 State University Dr, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA 304Universit`a di Trento, Dipartimento di Fisica, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
305Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
306National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
307Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H8, Canada 308Observatori Astron`omic, Universitat de Val`encia, E-46980 Paterna, Val`encia, Spain
309School of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
310University and Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar Gujarat 382007, India 311IISER-TVM, CET Campus, Trivandrum Kerala 695016, India
312University of Szeged, D´om t´er 9, Szeged 6720, Hungary 313University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
314Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India 315INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, I-80131, Napoli, Italy 316Universit`a degli Studi di Urbino ‘Carlo Bo,’ I-61029 Urbino, Italy 317INFN, Sezione di Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
318Physik-Institut, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland 319American University, Washington, D.C. 20016, USA
320University of Białystok, 15-424 Białystok, Poland
321University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
322University of Washington Bothell, 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, WA 98011, USA 323Institute of Applied Physics, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
324Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Daejeon 34055, Korea 325Inje University Gimhae, South Gyeongsang 50834, Korea
326National Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Daejeon 34047, Korea 327NCBJ, 05-400 ´Swierk-Otwock, Poland
328Institute of Mathematics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00656 Warsaw, Poland 329Hillsdale College, Hillsdale, MI 49242, USA
330Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea 331Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
332NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35811, USA 333ESPCI, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
334Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA 335College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA
336Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 quai Antoine Ier, MC-98000, Monaco 337Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India 338IISER-Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741252, India
339Whitman College, 345 Boyer Avenue, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA
340Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India 341Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
342Universit´e de Lyon, F-69361 Lyon, France
343Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
344OzGrav, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn VIC 3122, Australia
345Janusz Gil Institute of Astronomy, University of Zielona G´ora, 65-265 Zielona G´ora, Poland 346University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
347King’s College London, University of London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom 348Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar Ahmedabad Gujarat 382424, India 349Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Khandi, Telangana 502285, India
350International Institute of Physics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil 351Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI 49104, USA
352Universit`a di Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy 353Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA
354Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands 355Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX 79699, USA
356Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
Submitted to ApJ ABSTRACT
The Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo observatories recently discovered gravitational waves from a binary neutron star inspiral. A short gamma-ray burst (GRB) that followed the merger of this binary was also recorded by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (Fermi-GBM), and the Anticoincidence Shield for the Spectrometer for the International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL), indicating particle acceleration by the source. The precise location of the event was determined by optical detections of emission following the merger. We searched for high-energy neutrinos from the merger in the GeV–EeV energy range using the ANTARES, IceCube, and Pierre Auger Observatories. No neutrinos directionally coincident with the source were detected within ±500 s around the merger time. Additionally, no MeV neutrino burst signal was detected coincident with the merger. We further carried out an extended search in the direction of the source for high-energy neutrinos within the 14-day period following the merger, but found no evidence of emission. We used these results to probe dissipation mechanisms in relativistic outflows driven by the binary neutron star merger. The non-detection is consistent with model predictions of short GRBs observed at a large off-axis angle.
Keywords:neutrinos — gravitational waves — gamma-ray burst: individual
∗Deceased, August 2016. †Deceased, February 2017. ‡Deceased, December 2016.
1. INTRODUCTION
The observation of binary neutron star mergers with mul-tiple cosmic messengers is a unique opportunity that enables the detailed study of the merger process, and provides in-sight into astrophysical particle acceleration and high-energy emission (e.g., Faber & Rasio 2012; Berger 2014; Bartos et al. 2013;Abbott et al. 2017a). Binary neutron star merg-ers are prime sources of gravitational waves (GWs; e.g.,
Abadie et al. 2010), which provide information on the neu-tron star masses and spins (e.g., Veitch et al. 2015). Kilo-nova/macronova observations of the mergers provide further information on the mass ejected by the disruption of the neu-tron stars (e.g.,Metzger 2017;Abbott et al. 2017b).
Particle acceleration and high-energy emission by com-pact objects are currently not well understood (e.g.,M´esz´aros 2013; Kumar & Zhang 2015), and could be deciphered by combined information on the neutron star masses, ejecta mass, and gamma-ray burst (GRB) properties, as expected from multimessenger observations. In particular, the obser-vation of high-energy neutrinos would reveal the hadronic content and dissipation mechanism in relativistic outflows (Waxman & Bahcall 1997). A quasi-diffuse flux of high-energy neutrinos of cosmic origin has been identified by the IceCube observatory (Aartsen et al. 2013;Aartsen et al. 2013). The source population producing these neutrinos is currently not known.
On August 17, 2017, the Advanced LIGO (Aasi et al. 2015) and Advanced Virgo (Acernese et al. 2015) obser-vatories recorded a GW signal, GW170817, from a bi-nary neutron star inspiral (Abbott et al. 2017c). Soon af-terwards, Fermi-GBM and INTEGRAL detected a short GRB, GRB170817A, from a consistent location ( Gold-stein et al. 2017; Savchenko et al. 2017; Abbott et al. 2017a). Subsequently, ultra-violet, optical, and infrared emission was observed from the merger, consistent with kilo-nova/macronova emission. Optical observations allowed the precise localization of the merger in the galaxy NGC 4993, at equatorial coordinates α(J2000.0) = 13h09m48.s085, δ(J2000.0) = −23◦22053.00343 (Coulter et al. 2017b,a; Ab-bott et al. 2017d), and at a distance of ∼ 40 Mpc. At later times, X-ray and radio emissions were also observed (Abbott et al. 2017d), consistent with the expected afterglow of a short GRB at high viewing angles (e.g.,Abbott et al. 2017a). High-energy neutrino observatories continuously monitor the whole sky or a large fraction of it, making them well suited to study emission from GW sources, even for un-known source locations or for emission prior to or after the GW detection (Adri´an-Mart´ınez et al. 2016a; Albert et al. 2017). It is also possible to rapidly analyze the recorded data and inform other observatories in case of a coincident de-tection, significantly reducing the source localization uncer-tainty compared to that provided by GW information alone.
In this Letter we present searches for high-energy neu-trinos in coincidence with GW170817/GRB170817A by the three most sensitive high-energy neutrino observa-tories: (1) the ANTARES neutrino telescope (hereafter ANTARES; Ageron et al. 2011), a ten megaton-scale un-derwater Cherenkov neutrino detector located at a depth of 2500 m in the Mediterranean Sea; (2) the IceCube Neu-trino Observatory (hereafter IceCube; Aartsen et al. 2017), a gigaton-scale neutrino detector installed 1500 m deep in the ice at the geographic South Pole, Antarctica; and (3) the Pierre Auger Observatory (hereafter Auger; Aab et al. 2015), a cosmic-ray air-shower detector consisting of 1660 water-Cherenkov stations spread over an area of ∼ 3000 km2. All three detectors joined the low-latency multimessenger follow-up effort of LIGO-Virgo starting with LIGO’s second observation run, O2.
Upon the identification of the GW signal GW170817, pre-liminary information on this event was rapidly shared with partner observatories (Abbott et al. 2017d). In response, IceCube (Bartos et al. 2017b,a,c), ANTARES(Ageron et al. 2017a,b), and Auger (Alvarez-Muniz et al. 2017) promptly searched for a neutrino counterpart, and shared their initial results with partner observatories. Subsequently, the three facilities carried out a more in-depth search for a neutrino counterpart using the precise localization of the source.
This Letter is organized as follows. In Section 2, we present the neutrino searches carried out by ANTARES, Ice-Cube, and Auger, as well as the results obtained. In Section
3, we present constraints on processes in the merger that can lead to neutrino emission. We summarize our findings and conclude in Section4.
2. SEARCHES AND RESULTS
Neutrino observatories detect secondary charged parti-cles produced in neutrino interaction with matter. Surface detectors, such as Auger, use arrays of widely-spaced wa-ter Cherenkov detectors to observe the air-shower parti-cles created by high-energy neutrinos. In detectors such as ANTARESand IceCube, three-dimensional arrays of optical
modules deployed in water or ice detect the Cherenkov radia-tion from secondary charged particles that travel through the instrumented detector region. For these detectors, the sec-ondary particles can create two main event classes: track-like events from charged-current interactions of muon neutrinos and from a minority of tau neutrino interactions; and shower-like events from all other interactions (neutral-current in-teractions and charged-current inin-teractions of electron and tau neutrinos). While energy deposition in track-like events can happen over distances of O(km), shower-like events are confined to much smaller regions.
For all detectors, neutrino signals must be identified on top of a persistent background of charged particles produced by
