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Plant responses to belowground variations along elevational gradients in temperate and tropical climates

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Academic year: 2021

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increase infiltration, then achieved water storage and sediment reduction. Vegetation reduced the velocity of slope flow by increasing the slope roughness. affected the hydraulic parameters of slope shallow open channel flows, and efrectivelv increased slope resistance coefficient and soil anti-scourability. At the same time. vegetation had a signilicant role in enhancing soil sheo.r strength. Under difkrent conditions, soil cohesion had a significant negative correlation with runoff and sediment v ield. The change characteristics of soil cohesion and internal friction angle were affected by both cover conditions and water content of vegetation slope. Based on this, vegetation had a good role in soil and water conservation. The research results would help us to quantitatively cvaluak ihe effects of water storage and erosion reduction of vegetation and deepen the understanding of soil erosion mechanics process.

Do Norway spruce, Douglas fir and European larch stands differ in litter decomposition and belowgrouncl carbon storage? Lisa Bischo(er', Torsren IF Berger', Douglas L. Godbold'. Mmhias Mover'

'Universiry of Life Sciences and Natural Resources. fnsliwte of'Forest [colog;.; /)enna, Auslria (bischofel'.!@g111ail.co111; 1ors1e11.bergcr@.boku.ac.a/; douglas.godbold@boku.ac.al; 111a1hias.111r0·er@boku.ac.al)

An increase in droughts and insed infestations threakns Nonvay spruce (Picea abies) stands across European forests. Wi1l1 a higher drought tolerance, Douglas fir (Pscudo1S11ga men�iesii) anu European larch (Larix decidua) became a suitable non-native and a native silvicultural alternative to Norway spruce. How tree species sele..:1io11 affects litter decomposition and belowground carbon (C) storage is. however, still not fully understood. Here. we want to I) ans,wr ii' Nonvay spruce, Douglas fir and European larch differ with regard to litter mass loss partitioning into leaching of dissolved organic C (DOC) and CO, emux during decomposition, 2) to link mass loss partitioning to litter biochemical prope11ies and 3 J to relak mass loss pa11itioning to belowground C stocks. It is hypothesized that tree species with a higher partitioning into leaching of DOC have higher belowground C slucks. The study took place in Austria and measurements were conducted over the course or one year . Litter CO, elfiux and leaching or dissolved organic C was measured in si/11 by means of respirnti,10 chambers anu lysimeters. Litter bags were used to study mass loss ancl biochemical litter processes/properties. The results of this study will help to improve our understanding of tree species effects on the forest belowground C cyck. In order to lower the unce11ainties or C sequestration estima1es for the forestry sector, this infonnation is verv impo11ant. Furthermore. new insights into the complex process of litter break do\\'11 will be provided. First results or the study will be presented at the conference.

Use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Ai\lF) in ecological restoration projects for the Atlantic Forest /ll.m de fungos micoJ'f'i::icos arbuscu/ares (FILI) em projews de reswwm;:ao ecol6gica da Mata Atlci111ica

Girlei Cunha''. S11sane Rasera' 2, Frederico Miranda'·'. Eduardo Gusson'·', Fhrvio Mendes', Alexandre Astorino'

1 Biodendro Co11s11horia Flores la/, Piracicaba, Bred/; 'Jnsfi/11/0 de Pesquisas e Esrudos Floresrais, Piracicaba, Brrcil: 'Esco/a Superior de Agric11/111ra "Lui� de Queiroc", U11iwrsidade de Scio Paulo, Pircrcicaba, Brccil; 'AES TIET£, Baum, Brc,:i/ (gir!ei.cw1ha@g111ail.co111; susa11erasera@yahoo.co111; fredtsmiranda@gmail. C()JJI; eduardogusso11r@gmail. cam: fgandara@usp.br: a/exandre. astorino@aes.com)

A maioria das plantas superiores associa-se a fungos micorrizicos arbusculares (FMAJ. A simbiose pronwve el'eitos positivos para a nutrii;i\o e sobrevivencia das plantas. A pesquisa esta inserida no P&D da ANEEL realizauo pela AES-Tiete e IPEF. 0 experimento de campo esta na Esta<;iio Experimental de Genetica de Anhumas, ESALQ/USP, em Piracicaba, SP. As especies avaliadas foram: 1\/abeafisrulifera, lafoensia pacari. Psidiu111 myrloides, [senbeckia /eio<·a,pa. Gu!lesia i11tegrifolia e Maclura rincloria. Os FlvlA foram: Glo11111s inlraradices e G. e/1111ica111111. Delineamento experimental Lie blocos ao acaso. corn cinco tratamentos: 1) Mudas nao inoculauas em viveiro (MNIV), recebendo fertilizantes na quantidade recomendada por analise de solo (FR); 2) Mudas inoculadas em viveiro (MIV) e FR; 3) MIV, corn fortiliza,ao recomendada-para N e Ke reduc;iio de P para 1/3 do indicado (Pl/3); 4) MNIV e FR, cam adic;ao de FMA na cova (MICl: 5) MlV, Pl/3 e MIC. Aos 24 meses foi realizado inventario com medic;ao das plantas. £. lciocwpa apresemou alta mortalidade em todas as situai;iies; M fis/u/ifera apresentou maior sobrevivencia nos lratamentos corn FMA: L. pacari. P myrloides, G. i11/egrifolia e M tinctoria apresentaram alia sobrevivencia em todos os tratamentos. A reduc;no de P em plamas corn FMA ni\o afetou o crescimento, exceto G. inlegri/'o/ia que apresen1ou altura significativameme superior quando inoculado cam FMA no viveiro ou no cam po e recebendo fertilizacao da quantidaue recomendada. 0 efeito da auic;i\o de FMA variou conforme a especie mas, de uma maneira geral. pode ser considerado vamajoso na restaura,iio eco16gica da Mata Atlantica.

Plant responses to belowground variations along elevational gradients in temperate and tropical climates

.\.Jonique JVeemstrct1·1, Alexia Stokes'. Leonore Jimene:·1. Nereyda Cnc', Fab1en AnthelmeJ. Luis .Herino-.\.fanin=·1, A/anon Bounous1, Beutri: .\.farin-Castro6.

Herve Rey'. Awac 1\./oha111ed', Zhun .Hao', Sieplume Fourlier1, .\·!area ,\.forales-Jfarlinec', Gregoire Fresche1', Karrin Siero119• Guillermo Angeles',

Cmherine Ro11111e1'

11.VRA. Monlpellie1; Fmnce; 'CNRS. Mo111pellie1; France: 'f.VECOL, Xalapa. Mexico: 'Universily ofM0111pellie1; Monrpellie1; Fmnce: '!RD. Monlpellie1;

France: 'UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico; "C!RAD. ,\.fompellie1: France: 'C;niversiry of Angers. Angers, France; ''Universily of Veracruc. Xalapa,

J1exico (monique. ,rttemstratj]}cefe. c.:nrs.fr; ale.tia.siukesr[gcirad.fr; leo110Jjime11e: 200./(0,gmail.com; nerecru::@gmail. cvm; fi:1bien. anthelme(@:irdji·;

/uismerinomartin({!)gmail.com: numo11.bo1mo11s(jps11pagrv.ji·; beatri::.marin@gmail.com: herve.rey(fsciradfr: awa::msm@yahoo.com: 111au::f1111104r�Vgmail.

com: steplumi!fOurtier@cirad.J"r: marcomm l(?}gmail.com: gregviri.:fresc/1et1'!)cefe.c11rsji·; ksiervnrjygmail. com: angclesg11illenno(i!Jgmail.cv111; catlu:rim:.

ruw11et@cefe.c11rsf,)

Soil is a hyper-heterogeneous environment, and h,,w plants respond to ..:hanges in belowground variations in soil properties and microclimak is p,>orly

understood. Environmental gradients are us�ful l'or examining how root traits mediate plant responses to soil heterogeneity. We measured soil;air temperature,

soil water potential and physical/chemical properties in 30 plots along elevational gradients located in France and lvlexico, both above- anu belm,· the 1reeli11e.

High elevations were colder than lower elevations at both sites. but in Mexico. prccipitati,>n decreased at high elevations. whereas in France, higher elevations \\We \\'etler than lower allitudes. Soil properties \\We more idiosyncratic along both grauienls. We selected 11 (France) and 1-l (Mexico) \l'Oody and herbaceous species bJsed on their abundance along the gradients. A range of root anu leaf lt1ncti,>nal traits were measured. DatJ showed that trends in root traits along gradients were often masked by the lwper-heterogeneous bei<>wgrounu environment. whereas patterns in leaf traits \\'ere more e,·ident. Results will be discussed \\'ith regard to the effect of elevation as an environmental filter 011 plant traits

Pesq . .f/01: hras .. Colombo, v. 39. e201902043. Special issue. p. 1-768. 2019 651

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