• Aucun résultat trouvé

Owning up to medical errors

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2022

Partager "Owning up to medical errors"

Copied!
1
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)

Vol 53:  february • féVrier 2007 Canadian Family PhysicianLe Médecin de famille canadien

201

Editorial Éditorial

Owning up to medical errors

This month, Jacobs et al (page 271) tackle the ques- tion  of  medical  errors  and  the  undesirable  events  that arise from providing care. This subject is worry- ing  because  we  estimate  that  1  person  in  13  is  vic- tim of an undesirable event and that 7.5% of patients  hospitalized  for  a  short  time  suffer  harm  of  some  kind.

Obviously, problems with care and the consequences  they engender vary in severity. Some are no more than  incidents.  Other  events  are  very  serious:  administering  a  medication  to  which  a  patient  is  allergic  or  prescrib- ing  a  contrast  product  to  a  patient  with  renal  insuf- ficiency  can  have  severe  consequences.  Some  events  are  catastrophic:  amputating  a  healthy  organ  or  forget- ting  surgical  instruments  or  sponges  during  an  opera- tion  can  have  irremediable  consequences.  In  Canada,  an  estimated  10 000  to  20 000  people  die  each  year  of  complications  related  to  care  given  during  short-term  hospitalization.

Nobody likes to hear these numbers, least of all phy- sicians who are often held responsible when things go  wrong.  Many  physicians  try  to  protect  themselves  by  avoiding risky situations or by referring patients. Rather  than  infiltrate  the  arthritic  knee  of  a  suffering  patient,  they send him to a specialist. Obviously, for the patient,  the consequences are very serious, but they often pass  unnoticed.  The  arthritic  patient  endures  his  pain  with- out  anyone  taking  the  blame.  The  solution  to  manag- ing these problems of care is certainly not to flee from  them. When all is said and done, most adverse events  are  multifactoral  in  nature  and  indicate  that  systemic  changes are needed.

When  a  doctor  is  implicated  in  an  incident,  par- ticularly  if  the  consequences  are  grave,  the  best  approach  is  definitely  to  inform  the  patient  and  his  or  her  family  directly.  Nothing  is  worse  than  for  a  sick  person  to  hear  from  outside  that  he  or  she  has  been  the  victim  of  a  medical  error.  Facts  can  become  grossly  distorted.  Physicians  should  inform  patients,  no  matter  what  caused  the  events,  of  the  facts  and  the  nature  and  circumstances  of  the  prob- lem  while  expressing  regret  and  showing  sympathy  for the situation.

Even  though  we  know  better  than  anyone  that  we  should  first  “do  no  harm,”  and  despite  all  the  improve- ments  we  make  to  the  quality  of  medical  care,  we  are  human,  and  errors  will  continue  to  occur.  And  when  they  do,  we  should  remember  the  old  adage,  “A  fault  confessed is halfway pardoned.”

—Roger Ladouceur MD MSc CCMF FCMF Associate Editor

La divulgation des problèmes de soins

Ce  mois-ci,  Jacobs  et  coll.  (page 270)  abordent  la  ques- tion  des  erreurs  médicales  et  des  évènements  indésir- ables  liés  à  la  prestation  de  soins.  Ce  phénomène  est  inquiétant puisqu’on n’estime qu’une personne sur 13 en  est victime et que 7.5% des patients hospitalisés dans des  hôpitaux de courte durée subissent de tels préjudices. 

Évidemment, tous les problèmes de soins n’ont pas la  même gravité. Certains sont plutôt des incidents de soins  mais  d’autres  événements  sont  plus  sérieux  comme  lorsqu’un patient reçoit un médicament auquel il est très  allergique. Enfin d’autres constituent de véritables catas- trophes  aux  conséquences  irrémédiables:  l’amputation  d’un  organe  sain  ou  l’oubli  d’instruments  chirurgicaux  ou  de  compresses  opératoires.  Au  Canada,  on  estime  que  10 000  à  20 000  personnes  meurent  chaque  année  des  complications  reliées  à  la  prestation  de  soins  dans  des hôpitaux de courte durée.

Personne  n’aime  entendre  ces  chiffres,  surtout  pas  les  médecins  puisqu’on  les  tient  souvent  responsables  lorsque les choses vont mal. Certains réagissent en évi- tant les situations à risque ou en référant leurs patients. 

Par  exemple,  plutôt  que  de  procéder  à  une  infiltration  intra-articulaire  d’un  patient  souffrant  de  gonarthrose,  ils préfèrent l’envoyer au spécialiste. Évidemment, pour  le  patient,  les  conséquences  sont  toutes  aussi  grandes  mais  elles  passent  inaperçues.  Le  patient  endurera  son  mal  sans  que  personne  n’en  soit  blâmé.  On  blâmera  plutôt  le  système.  La  solution  aux  problèmes  de  soins  n’est  certainement  pas  dans  la  fuite.  Surtout  lorsqu’on  réalise  que  la  plupart  des  problèmes  de  soins  sont  de  nature  multifactorielle  et  nécessitent  des  changements  organisationnels.

Toutefois,  lorsqu’un  médecin  est  impliqué  dans  un  incident  de  soins,  particulièrement  si  les  conséquences  sont graves, la meilleure attitude est certainement d’en  informer directement le patient et à sa famille. Rien de  pire pour un malade que d’apprendre par la bouche d’un  autre qu’il a été victime d’un incident de soins. Les faits  risquent  alors  d’être  grossièrement  déformés.  Le  méde- cin devrait fournir l’information au patient peu importe  la cause ayant menée à l’événement, en présentant les  faits,  la  nature  et  les  circonstances  du  problème  et  en  exprimant ses regrets et en manifestant de l’empathie.

Car même si nous savons mieux que quiconque, que 

«primum  non  noncere»,  et  malgré  toutes  les  améliora- tions que nous apporterons à la qualité des soins médi- caux,  l’erreur  demeurera  toujours  humaine.  Et  dans  ce  cas,  comme  le  dit  l’adage:  “Faute  avouée,  à  moitié  par- donnée.”

—Roger Ladouceur MD MSc CCMF FCMF Rédacteur adjoint

FOR PRESCRIBING INFORMATION SEE PAGE 358

Références

Documents relatifs

While a model with a single compartment and an average factor of reduction of social interactions predicts the extinction of the epidemic, a small group with high transmission factor

In summary, the absence of lipomatous, sclerosing or ®brous features in this lesion is inconsistent with a diagnosis of lipo- sclerosing myxo®brous tumour as described by Ragsdale

These courses will help participants, particularly future non-Indigenous teachers, redefine certain concepts (learning, literacy, etc.) and learn practices to indigenize

Regular and effective feedback from teachers and peers supports students’ mathematical learning when it focuses on noticing patterns, exploring predictions, and explaining

[r]

Subject to the conditions of any agreement between the United Nations and the Organization, approved pursuant to Chapter XVI, States which do not become Members in

Table IV shows how each group coursework (G1 to G17) was evaluated against the list of Tropos goals and UML use cases, gathered around the main actors expressing their

Results: Previous literature and liaison with the European Pathways Association resulted in five criteria being used to define a clinical pathway: (1) the intervention was a