Wind action on structures

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Wind action on structures McCrea, J. D.

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11

abutment

.

alcove

.

alignment

.

apartment

.

arch

.

area ashlar

.

attic

.

batten bay

.

bearing r bevel

.

board bond

.

brace

11

brick buildina - bulkhead

.

bungalow

.

caisson

.

causeway

.

ceiling

.

cellar

-

cemeni

.

ceramic

.

chimney clay

.

concrete ave

.

efflorescence

CANADA

11

porapet

.

partition

.

pediment

.

pier

.

pigment pitch

.

plan

.

plaster

.

plumbing plywood

.

prefabica+ed

.

quoins

.

rafter

II

reinforced reveal roof

.

sand

.

sheathing

.

specification

.

stress r vermiculite

.

wallboard

.

weathering window wire

.

wood

WIND

ACTION

OM STRUCTURES by

MOTE

-

Thf

s

b f b l i o g r a p h y c o n t a i n s a l i s t i n g of t h e - p e r t i n e n t p a p e r s reviewed during t h e l i t e r a t u r e survey conducted f o r t h e Dfvisfont s p r o j e c t "Wind Action on S t r u c t u r e s w ,

Although t h i s b i b l i o g r a p h y i s n o t i s s u e d a s a complete revfew o f p u b l i s h e d s t u d f e a f n t h f s f i e l d , it i s thouget t h a t

it p r e s e n t s a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e c r o s s - s e c t i o n of a v a i l a b l e l f t e r a - ture. h o t b ~ source of publf ehed work i s t h e Ebgfneerfng and App1fed Scfence Stndexes, P e r t i n e n t r e f e r e n c e s w i l l a l s o be found I n t h e b i b l i o g r a p h i e s appended t o the i n d i v i d u a l

r e f erencea,

The madority of t h e p u b l i s h e d wQrks

i n

t h f s f i e l d have been t h e r e s u l t of s t u d i e s completed i n t h e t w e a t f e t h

' century, Because of t h i s , f t f s g e n e r a l l y thought tbat such

h v e s t i g a t f o n s comprise a r e l a t i v e l y new f i e l d of study, It i s

h t e r s s t i n g t o n o t e , however, that u s e f u l works were publf shed

as e a r l y

as

1759 by J, Smeaton i n the P h f l o s o p h l s e l Transactfona

of the Royal S o c i e t y of London. 1b

'\ &om t h e p a p e r s reviewed, it was found t h a t a uf de

dfverigence of vfews were h e l d on many a s p e c t s of t h e problem wfnd a c t i o n on s t r u c t n r e s , One p o i n t appeared t o be p a r t f c u - l a r l y c o n t r o v e r s i a l

--

t h a t concerning s c a l e e f f e c t

--

an

important f a c t o r when applying model t e s t r e s u l t s t o a c t u a l f u l l - s c a l e condftfons,

It i s hoped by the Dfvisfon t h a t t h f s b i b l i o g r a p h y

w i l l assist

i n

some way t h o s e i n t e r e s t e d i n t h i s f i e l d o f study ,

-

DIVISION OF BUILDING RESEARCH NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OTTAWA, CANADA

December, 1952

I

(3)

A B~BLIOGRAPHY OPT THE WIND ACTION ON STRUCTUBES

American society of c i v i l engineers. Committee on s t e e l . Subcommittee

NO,

310

Wind bracing 4 s t e e l buildings. ~ l n k r e p o r t of Sub-committee

NO,

31,

Cormnittee on s t e e l of the S t r u c t u r a l division, ( I n AoSoCoEo Transactions, v.105, 1940, p. 1713-1739)

Amerf can standards a s s o c i a t i m .

Minimum design loads i n buildings and o t h e r s t r u c t u r e s , Building code requirements f o r (~S8,l-1945) Hew York, June 1945. 26p,

Anderson, & t h m W o e t a l .

L a t e r a l f oraes of eethquakear and wind. ( I n American 8ociety of c i v i l engineera, fioceedings, v.77, April 1951. Separate ~ d , 6 6 0 '

38$u0

Bailey, Alfred

Wfnd-pressures on buildings. London, I n s t i t u t i o n of oivf 1

engineers. Selected engineering paper Moo 139, 1933. 29p. Bafley, Alfred and N,D,G, Vincent

Wind-pre gsure on buildings, includfng e f f e c t s of adgacent

buildings, [ I n I n s t i b u t i o n of c i v i l engineers. Journal, v020, n08, October 1943, pe24-3-95)

Berg, VoT,

Wind-braoing come htion e f f i c i e n c y . ( I n American a o o i e t ~ of c i v i l eng%neers, Transactfons, 8.98, p.709-230 1933)

Beta;, A.

cWinddruckl Me ssungen von ~ r a c k e n t r a g e m . ( I n Ergebnis se der aerodynarnf schen V e ~ s u c h ~ a n t a l t zu Gottingen, LI eferung 3, 1927, p a Q6-I'5% )

Boyd, AoFo

Report on compressive and t o r s i o n a l t e s t s , c a r r i e d out i n

conjunction with t e s t walls. ( ~ A u s t r a l f a1 Commonwealth experimental bui l d h g s t a t 1 on, Duplf cated document n.15)

.

1947. lSpo

B r i t i s h standard code of practice.

Code of functional requirements of buildings, Chapter V

-

Loading,

fCP

3).

Gondon, B r i t i s h standards i n s t i t u t e , 1952,

3 3 ~ 0

B r i t t s n , Ralph

R.

Racking loads and r e s i s t a n c e t o them f n dwelling c o n s t ~ u c t f o n ~ ( I n H,H,FoAo Technical b u l l e t f n n06, September 1948, pol-23)

J

Chfen, Wind-tunnel s t u d i e s of p r e s s m e d i s t r i b u t i o n on elementary building

B,

e t al, forms. Iowa c i t y , Iowa I n s t i t u t e of h g d ~ a u l i c research, 1951. 113p,

(4)

Cfssel, J o H o

and

L,M, Legatski,

A rjtudy of the ae~odynamic e h a r a c t e r i s t f e ~ o of c i r c u l a r areh roof struct-so Am Arbor, Michigano University. Department of

e n g f n e e r b g r e s e w c h , May

,

1944. 27p. Dodge, Russell A, and MPlton

J,

Thompson,

FPui d msehanies, New York, McGraw-Hf 11, 1937, 4 9 5 ~ 0 (PO 161-170) Dryden, Hugh

Lo

and George C, Hill,

Wind pressure on a model of a m i l l bufldfng, [ I n Journal of

r e s e a m h of t h e National bureau of standards, V,

6,

193lS p0735-7%)

RP301o

Drydea, Eugh

L o

a d George C, H i l l

LA'

_{of regemah of' the National bureau of s t a n d a ~ d s , v0lOs 19339 ~ 0 4 9 3 - 5 2 3 )}Whd p r e s s m e on a model of the Earpire s t a t e b u f l d i ~ o (1n Journal

RPS4S

0

Dryden, Eugh

L,

and George C, H i l l .

Wfnd pressure on b ~ i l d f ~ s ~ ( I n S s i e n t i f i c papers from BulletSn of the Bure au o f standards,

vo

20, 1924-1926, p . 691-7321 $5230

Dryden, Hugh

L o

and George C, H f l l .

Wfnd pressure on e i r c u l a r cylinders and chimneyso ( I n Journal of' r e s e m c h of the Rational bureau of standards, vaSs 1930s p.653-693)

w2a0

E i f f e l , Gustave

Wouvelles r e herehes sur l a re'sfstance de 1' a i r , e t 1' avieatfon f a f t e s au l a b o r a t i r e d ' d u t e u f l , Parig, Dmod, 1914, 2vo ( t e x t rand

a t 1 a s )

8

Enginee~fng, v,60, December 27, 1895, 'PO 7870 Experiments on wind pressure,

Barnay, M,Lo and Henry Giese

/

.

F a a t o ~ s affecting the wind r e s i s t a n c e of asphalt shfngleso ( I n Agri cuPturaP engieneering,

vo

33,

n o 9, September 1952, P O 549-5540 556 o

Ferrfngton, Ho

1'

Wfnd%oads on b u i l d i n g s ( I n S t r u c t u r a l e i n e e r , ~ 0 2 1 9 n 0 1 2 ~ December 19439 p ,497-526; v, 22, n o l s Jaraua~y 19449 P O

15-40)

F l a e h s b w t , 0,

~ r u n d s 8 t z l i o h e s z u r Frage dee Winddruoks auf Geb~ude. ( I n Bauwelt, ~ ~ 2 7 , 1932, p, 660-664)

I Flaebsbart, 0.

bjfnd p r e s s m e

on

solid-walled and framed s t r u c t u r e s , ( I n I n t e m a t i o n a P assoefatfon f o r bridge and s t r u e t w a l engineering. Publications, v , l , 1932, po153-72)

(5)

Flaehsbar%, 0,

Wfnddruck auf Bauwerke, ( I n Naturwissenschaften, ~ ~ 3 . 8 , n020/21, 1930, ~ 0 4 7 5 - 7 9 )

FPaebsbar%, 0 ,

Wf nddruck auf GWsbeh%lter0 ( I n Ergebnisse der aerodynamischen Vereug%haana$alt zu Gottingen, Lieferung

4,

1932, ~ ~ 1 3 4 - 1 3 8 )

FPacbsbarto 0 .

Wfnddruck auf ge schlossene und off efte ~ s b P u d e . (1n Ergebnisse der aerod namfsehen Velssuchsanstalt zu Gottfngen, Lleferung.

4,

193& P. 328-1343

Flemhg, Robfig

Wind s t r e s s e s f n bu$ldings, New Pork, -Wileys 19300 1 9 3 ~ . GhaswaPag S o K o

Aerodynamic aspects of c i v i l engineering, ( I n C i v i l engfneering and public wopks review, v04Ss noS31s 532#

533#

September 1950,

p.586-9 October, p ,646-9, Hovernber p .725-7) Earrfe,

C o L o

h f + l u e n c e of nefghborfng

structures

on t h e wind pressure on t a l l bu%ldfngso ( I n J o u ~ n a l of r e s e m c h of t h e Natfonal bureau of standards, v012, 1934, p, 103-118), W637

Howe, George Eo

d

Wind pressure

,on

s t r u c t u r e s .

t

I n C i v i l engineeringp 8,

l o p

n.3,

Mapah 3-940, P 0 49-352)

S P

~ m i n ~ a k ,

J o O o V o and C h r . ~ b k k e n t v e d

W h d - p ~ e a s w s

an

b u f l d f ~ ~ , Experimental researches ( f % r s t

"

s e r i e s ) t ~ a n s l a t e d by A.C. J a r v i s and

R o

Halfdan-Nielsen.

-

Copenhagen, lngenidr-videnskabelige s h r f f t e r A Mr023, 1930, 88p. Imfnger, J o O m V o and Chr. ~ b k k e n t v e d

d

_{W f n d - p ~ e s a u ~ e}_{on building}_so _{Experfmental researches} ₍_ss_cond

series) t r a n s l a t e d by A, So Jarvf a and 0, ~ ~ b d s g a a r d , Copenhagen, Ingen~Bp-vfdenskabelfge s k r f f t e r

Nr.24,

1936,

88p.

SseaacmP David W o

An i n t e r i m a n a l y s i s of t h e s t r e n g t h s of masonry bloek w a l l s f n respect t o l a t e r a l loading, ( c d u s t r a l f a3 Commonwealth experi-

mental bufldfng s t a t i o n . Duplicated document n.14). 1947, alp.

fsaacea, Davfd

W,

The s t r u c t u r a l suff feiepoy of domestf c buildings, ( ~ A u s t r a l f rag

Comonwedth experimbntal buildfng s t a t i o n , B u l l e t i n n o l o ) June ~ 9 4 6 ~

sopo

%Japanese b u t ldOng standard. JoEoSe Buff d 3001

S$ruetural c a l c u l a t f o n s f o r bufldfng, 21p. mimeographed,

(6)

~ ~ E L I B @ 6 S o IBWU

' S t u d i e s on wind pressure of buildfngs a g a i n s t n a t u r a l w h d 0 27p0 rnf me og~aphed,

Ismu

Mathernatfed a n a l y s i s method f o r wfnd pressure d i s t r f b u t f o n of s.t;rua$ure@, l8p, rn%meographed,

*Kmef, Iaamu

W h d pressure c o e f f i c i e n t f o r s t r u c t u r e

9a

natural: wind, kp,

rnfmsoga~aphed,

" -

Irtlsdff f c a t % on 9f pm

s s m ~ ~

dfs t r i b u t i o n qyg$4,wbuildin@;s due

t o parapets, Iowa Cfty, Eowa, 0 4 i v e ~ s i t y ~ June 19520 75po h e a t o g ~ a p b (PII,So Thesis)

hage el, Foj

E W ~ nddruekj Messungen ron prof flgp&ern. ( I n Ergebnisse dep a e ~ o d y n m f acihen Versuohsanstalt

zu

Gottingen, Lief erung

3,

1927, po

lS1-1Sb)

ETbkke n t ve d

,

C&,

Winddruck an ~eb%uden, Eine Untersuchung des E i n f l u s s e s d e r ModeBlgroase, ( I n I n t e r n a t i o n a l assoeigtion f o r bridge and

~ t r n e % n r a l elagfnee~fng, Publicationss

v02,

1933-34, po257-264)

frlL E q l f s h o

a

ers~dynaznics can teaeh t h e o i v i l engineer, ( I n Ermgfneerfrag,

news-record, ~ ~ 1 1 2 , n , l l , March

15,

1934,

~~34.8-53)

Vfbasatfon problem i n t a l l s t a e k s solved by aerodfmamfos, ( I n Engfnee~fng news-record, y , l 1

3,

no2, July 12, 1934,

p o 0 - 3 )

Drag aoef f f o f e n t s f o r s t ~ u e t u r e l g studied i n wind-tunnel model

+ teg$ao

Q

I n EngfneerEng news-record, ~ ~ 1 8 3 , n o 15, Oetsber 11, 1934,

P

&56-81

Wind-tunnel s t u d f e s peveal pressupe d i s t r i b u t i o n on buf ldlngs.

\

(En

EZn fneereng news-reeord,

9~~113,

no26, Dseexriber 27, 193&,

f

po8ak-

1s)

Vort%oes, eddfes w d tupbulenee as experjteneed I n a i r rnovemnts.

( I n Engineering news-record,

~ ~ 1 1 4 ,

no17, Aprfl 259 1935, ~ 0 5 8 2 - 6 ) Englnqering zmeteorolo yo ( I n Erqfneerfng news-reeolad, V O

l l k ,

(7)

(Ccantinued)

Wend v e l s e i t y i n rePatfon t o height above ground, ( I n Engineering news-reoord,

~ ~ 1 1 4 ,

n0219 May

23,

1935, p.742-5)

Using aerodynami a r e s e a r c h r e s u l t s i n e f v f l engineering p r a c t i c e , ( I n Ehgineerfng news-pecord, v , l l S , n018, October

31,

1935, p 0 601-7)

P r m d t l , L o and O o G e T i e t j e n s

~ u n d a m n d a l s of hydro and ae~omechanies. Translated by

L o Rosenhead, Mew York, McGraw-Hfll, 1934, 270p0 Rathbm, J o C o

Wjtnd f o r a e s an t a l l buildings. ( I n American society of c i v i l engineers, Transactions, 8. 105, 1940, pol-41)

Reynolds, O8borne

An eqe~irnenteal fnvestfgatfon of the circumstances which d e t e m f i e wbether the motion of water s h a l l be d i r e & o r sinuous

and of the Paw of r e s f s t a n c e i n p a r a l l e l c h a ~ e l s , (In Phflosophf- e a l tranaaetfons of the Royal sociqty of London, v.174, p a r t

3,

1883,

~ ~ 9 3 5 - 9 8 2 )

so hoe make^, ReLodo arnd I, W o u t e ~ s

WfndbePasting op b o w e r k e ~ , ( I n Bouwbed~if t, n022, c O c t o b e ~ 21, 1932, po275-a83)

~ S e i f e r t h , R j

Wfnddruckmessungen an einem ( ~ a s ~ e h ' B l t e r , ( I n Brgebnisse d e r ae~odynamf sohen Ve~staehsanstalt zu Gottingen, Lief e p w g

39

1927, p

oa4.k-144 1

Sher1ock, R o H e

B u s t f aatops f o r the design of buf ldings. (1n I n t e r n a t f o n a l

a a a o ~ l a t f o n f o r bridge and s t r u c t u r a l engfneerfng, v,8, 1947, P 204-236

1

~kneirlook, ROE, ' b d M o B o S t o u t

P O o $ u ~ h g s t r u c t u r e of wfnd, ( I n C i v f l engineeringo v02, n06, Jme %

1,932

9

P

0 3 9 - 6 3 )

I

SherPoek, RoHa and MOB, Stout

Relatiolh between wind v e l o c i t y and height dm- a winter

storm, ( I n Proceedings o f F i f t h i n t e r n a t i o n a l congresg f o r applied meohanf es, 1938, .p0436-439 )

Sherlock, RoHo and M o B o S.toub

Wind s t r u c t ~ e i n wfnter storms, ( I n Journal of aeronautf e a l ~ c f e n a e a , voS, a o 2 , December 193T9 po53-61)

Srneaton, J o

An experimental enquiry oonaeming t h e n a t u r a l powers of wate% andl wfnd t o t'mn m i l l s * , and o t h e r machbes, depending on cfromPar motfono ( I n PhS1osophfcal transaetfons of the Royal society of Eondon, voSl, p m t 1, 17S9g poloo-174)

(8)

Stm$oaa, Thomas Erne a t

R e p o ~ t Qn t h e measurement of the pressure of t h e wind

on

s t r u e t w e s o

(In

I n s t f t u t f on of civ91 engineers. ProeeedPngs, v.an9, l q ~ , pa 125-158)

SyPvestek,

H,M,

Hnve s t f g a t i ~ n of p r e s s u r e s and vaeua produced on stpuc t m e s

/

by wind. (In Rensselaer polytechnfe % n s t f t u t e o &gfneer%ngg and

aofenoe serfea, no31, January 1931) 53po Tenskew, HOE0

A dinenafonal a n a l y s f s study f o r model t e s % walls. ( f i u s t r a l f a j Cornonwealth e x p s ~ i m n t a 1 buildf ng a t a t i o n . Duplf cated 'document n.16)

n9k70

nSp0 Tasker, HoEo

Report on sfmulated wfnd pmpessure t e s t s c a r r i e d out on f o u r f u l l - s f ze t e s t w a l l s . ( rAustraliag Commonwealth experimental bufPdf9g s t a t i o n , Duplicated document na13) April 1947.

S2po

V m

Epp, JoSoTo

Wind-load standards i n Europe,

(In

American s o e i e t y of e i v f l e n g f n e e ~ s , Transaetf ons, 8,116, 1951, p.1378-1388)

Volg 1h&m6n, Theodore,

Loadr~dynam$que dans 1s pt de 1 8ing6nfewo ( I n ~ o c f 6 t 6 dea fng6nfems efvtlls, Mernofres, v.101, n , 2 s p e c i a l , J u l y 19488

P. 15s;-7s1

WW%ders%and von 2 lindern.

C

I n Ergebnisse d e r aepodynamlschen V e r a n c h s a ~ s t a l t xu G

8

t t l n g e p , LieFermg 2, 1923s p,23-28) '

'hJ%Ilfma, 'EoLo and Poll, Badland

Effeat sf l a t e r a l loads on steel-framed b u f l d i s g s , (1n

Ina%ibutf

on

sf ef

vf

1 sngfneers, Journal 8.31, ne2, December 1948, ~01l7-3bSS)

win$o SOP0

Disauasfon on "Wfnd bracing f n s t e e l bufldfngswo (1n imrfeara ~ o a f e t i y o - i ~ f l engineers, Proceedings, ~9.589 1932, ~01103-11199