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Socio- economic impact classification of alien taxa (SEICAT)

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Socio- economic impact classification of alien taxa (SEICAT)

Sven Bacher

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1 ;r-u|l;m|o=boѴo]‹ķ&mbˆ;uvb|‹o=ub0o†u]ķub0o†u]ķ"‰b|Œ;uѴ-m7

2;m|u;=oumˆ-vbomboѴo]‹ķ ;r-u|l;m|o=o|-m‹ş,ooѴo]‹ķ"|;ѴѴ;m0ov1_&mbˆ;uvb|‹ķ-|b;Ѵ-m7ķ"o†|_=ub1-

3 ;r-u|l;m|o=;m;|b1vķˆoѴ†|bomşmˆbuoml;m|ķ;m|u;=oubo7bˆ;uvb|‹-m7mˆbuoml;m|!;v;-u1_ķ&ķom7omķ&

4mv|b|†|;o=,ooѴo]‹ķ,ooѴo]b1-Ѵ"o1b;|‹o=om7omķ!;];m|Ľv-uhķom7omķ&

5"1_ooѴo=boѴo]b1-Ѵ"1b;m1;v-m7|_;mˆbuoml;m|mv|b|†|;ķ&mbˆ;uvb|‹o=7;Ѵ-b7;ķou|_$;uu-1;ķ"ķ†v|u-Ѵb-

6 bˆbvbomo=omv;uˆ-|bomboѴo]‹ķ(;];|-|bom-m7-m7v1-r;1oѴo]‹ķ-1†Ѵ|‹;m|u;o=bo7bˆ;uvb|‹ķ&mbˆ;uvb|‹o=(b;mm-ķ(b;mm-ķ†v|ub-

7mv|b|†|;=oumˆbuoml;m|-Ѵuo|;1|bom-m7!;v;-u1_ķ-m7_-bu&""mˆ-vbˆ;"r;1b;v"r;1b-Ѵbv|uo†rķ!ol;ķ|-Ѵ‹

8-|†u-Ѵ!;vo†u1;vmv|b|†|;bmѴ-m7Նh;őķ1omolb1v-m7"o1b;|‹ķ;ѴvbmhbķbmѴ-m7

9;b0mbŒŊmv|b|†|;o=u;v_‰-|;u1oѴo]‹-m7mѴ-m7bv_;ub;vŐőķ;uѴbmķ;ul-m‹

10 ;r-u|l;m|o=boѴo]‹ķ_;lbv|u‹ķ_-ul-1‹ķmv|b|†|;o=boѴo]‹ķu;b;&mbˆ;uvb|࢜|;uѴbmķ;uѴbmķ;ul-m‹

11;uѴbmŊu-m7;m0†u]mv|b|†|;o=7ˆ-m1;7bo7bˆ;uvb|‹!;v;-u1_Őőķ;uѴbmķ;ul-m‹

12$_;oo7-m7mˆbuoml;m|!;v;-u1_];m1‹ķ"-m7†||omķ&

13mv|b|†|;o=mˆbuoml;m|-Ѵ"†v|-bm-0bѴb|‹ķo‹oѴ-&mbˆ;uvb|‹_b1-]oķ_b1-]oķķ&"

14ķ ;Ѵ࣐lom|ķ"‰b|Œ;uѴ-m7

15mv|b|†|;o=m|;]u-|bˆ;boѴo]‹ķ$,†ub1_ķ,†ub1_ķ"‰b|Œ;uѴ-m7

16obm|";uˆb1;v;-Ѵ|_&mb|ķ!huo|bubķhuo|bubķ‹ru†v

17mv|b|†|;o=1oѴo]‹-m7ˆoѴ†|bomķ&mbˆ;uvb|‹o=;umķ;umķ"‰b|Œ;uѴ-m7

18 ;r-u|l;m|o=mˆ-vbom1oѴo]‹ķmv|b|†|;o=o|-m‹ķ$_;Œ;1_1-7;l‹o="1b;m1;vķuৄ_omb1;ķŒ;1_!;r†0Ѵb1

19 ;r-u|l;m|o=1oѴo]‹ķ-1†Ѵ|‹o="1b;m1;ķ_-uѴ;v&mbˆ;uvb|‹ķu-]†;ķŒ;1_!;r†0Ѵb1

20mˆbuoml;m|];m1‹†v|ub-ķ(b;mm-ķ†v|ub-

21;m|u;=ou1oѴo]‹ş‹7uoѴo]‹ķ;mvom-m;ķ)-ѴѴbm]=ou7ķ&

22&ņ""mˆ-vbˆ;"r;1b;v"r;1b-Ѵbv|uo†rķ!ol;ķ|-Ѵ‹

23v|-1bॕmboѴॕ]b1-7; oो-m-Ő Ŋ"őķ";ˆbѴѴ-ķ"r-bm

24"o†|_=ub1-m-|bom-Ѵbo7bˆ;uvb|‹mv|b|†|;ķ-r;$o‰mo==b1;ķѴ-u;lom|ķ"o†|_=ub1-

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Ɛĺ -m‹-Ѵb;m|-Š--u;hmo‰m|o1-†v;vo1boŊ;1omolb1blr-1|v0‹-==;1|bm]|_;7b=-

=;u;m| 1omv|b|†;m|v o= _†l-m ‰;ѴѴŊ0;bm] Őv;1†ub|‹ĸ l-|;ub-Ѵ -m7 momŊl-|;ub-Ѵ -v- v;|vĸ_;-Ѵ|_ĸvo1b-Ѵķvrbub|†-Ѵ-m71†Ѵ|†u-Ѵu;Ѵ-|bomvĸ=u;;7olo=1_ob1;-m7-1|bomőĺ

||;lr|v |o t†-m|b=‹ vo1boŊ;1omolb1 blr-1|v bm lom;|-u‹ |;ulv -u; †mѴbh;Ѵ‹ |o ruoˆb7;-†v;=†Ѵ0-vbv=ou;ˆ-Ѵ†-|bm]-m71olr-ubm]blr-1|vo=-Ѵb;m|-Š-0;1-†v;

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Published in "Methods in Ecology and Evolution doi: 10.1111/2041-210X.12844, 2017"

which should be cited to refer to this work.

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-lr_b0b-mv]Ѵo0-ѴѴ‹ĺ$_;v;v_o‰;7-ˆ-ub;|‹o=blr-1|vom_†l-m‰;ѴѴŊ0;bm]ķ‰b|_

|_;1-m;|o-7ŐRhinella marinaőv1oubm]-foublr-1|vĺoulov|vr;1b;vķ_o‰;ˆ;uķmo v|†7b;vu;rou|bm]blr-1|vom_†l-m‰;ѴѴŊ0;bm]‰;u;=o†m7ķbĺ;ĺ|_;v;vr;1b;v‰;u;

7-|-7;=b1b;m|ĺ

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l;-v†u;v-m7|‹r;vo=blr-1|bm|ou-mh;7Ѵ;ˆ;Ѵvo=vo1boŊ;1omolb1blr-1|ķ-vvb]mv -Ѵb;m|-Š-om|_;0-vbvo=|_;0;v|-ˆ-bѴ-0Ѵ;;ˆb7;m1;o=|_;bu7o1†l;m|;77;Ѵ;|;ub- o†vblr-1|vķ-m7bv-rrѴb1-0Ѵ;-1uovv|-Š--m7-|-u-m];o=vr-|b-Ѵv1-Ѵ;vĺ$_;v‹v-

|;l‰-v7;vb]m;7|o-Ѵb]m1Ѵov;Ѵ‹‰b|_|_;mˆbuoml;m|-Ѵlr-1|Ѵ-vvb=b1-|bom=ou Ѵb;m $-Š- Ő$ő -m7 |_; !;7 bv|ķ 0o|_ o= ‰_b1_ _-ˆ; 0;;m -7or|;7 0‹ |_;

m|;um-|bom-Ѵ&mbomo=-|†u;omv;uˆ-|bomŐ&őķ-m71o†Ѵ7|_;u;=ou;0;u;-7bѴ‹

bm|;]u-|;7bm|obm|;um-|bom-Ѵru-1|b1;v-m7roѴb1b;vĺ

+ ) ! "

-Ѵb;mvr;1b;vķ1-r-0bѴb|‹-rruo-1_ķ_†l-m‰;ѴѴŊ0;bm]ķblr-1|vķvo1boŊ;1omol‹

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1-m 0; 7bu;1|Ѵ‹ķ 1omvbv|;m|Ѵ‹ -m7 |u-mvr-u;m|Ѵ‹ 1olr-u;7ĺ $ bv u;1;bˆbm] bm1u;-vbm] bm|;um-|bom-Ѵ v†rrou| -m7 _-v u;1;m|Ѵ‹ 0;;m -7- or|;7 0‹ |_; & Ő_||rvĹņņrou|-Ѵvĺb†1mĺou]ņ1om]u;vvņlo|bomņƏƐƓĸ -11;vv;7ƑƏrubѴƑƏƐƕőĺ

mˆbuoml;m|-Ѵblr-1|1Ѵ-vvb=b1-|bom=ou-Ѵb;m|-Š-=o1†v;vom;m-

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$_bvv†]];v|v|_;†u];m|m;;7|o7;ˆ;Ѵor-v‹v|;l|o-vv;vv|_;=†ѴѴ vo1boŊ;1omolb1 blr-1|v o= -Ѵb;m |-Š-ĺ "†1_ - v‹v|;l l-‹ -Ѵvo _;Ѵr 7b==;u;m|b-|; vo1b-Ѵ -m7 ;mˆbuoml;m|-Ѵ blr-1|v 7;vrb|; |_; o0ˆbo†v bm|;u1omm;1|bomv 0;|‰;;m _†l-mv -m7 |_;bu ;mˆbuoml;m|v Őuo‰Ѵ;‹

;|-Ѵĺķ ƑƏƐƕő -m7 |o -77u;vv v‹m;u]b;v -m7 |u-7;Ŋo==v 0;|‰;;m |_;v;

blr-1||‹r;vĺ

m †uor;ķ lou; -Ѵb;m |-Š- -u; 7o1†l;m|;7 -v 1-†vbm] vo1boŊ

;1omolb1|_-m;1oѴo]b1-Ѵblr-1|vķruo0-0Ѵ‹0;1-†v;|_;=oul;u-u;

lou; u;-7bѴ‹ r;u1;bˆ;7 -m7 -u; bll;7b-|;Ѵ‹ u;rou|;7 0‹ 1om1;um;7 r;orѴ; Ő(bѴ࢘ ;|-Ѵĺķ ƑƏƐƏőĺ Ѵ|_o†]_ |_;u; bv vol; 1ouu;Ѵ-|bom 0;-

|‰;;m ;mˆbuoml;m|-Ѵ -m7 vo1boŊ;1omolb1 blr-1|v -1uovv vr;1b;v Նlv1_b1hķ -1_;uķ ;|-Ѵĺķ ƑƏƐƔőķ vo1boŊ;1omolb1 blr-1|v 1-mmo|

u;Ѵb-0Ѵ‹ 0; bm=;uu;7 =uol |_;bu blr-1| om |_; ;mˆbuoml;m|ķ ;ĺ]ĺ |_;

|b];u lovt†b|o ŐAedes albopictuső ruo0-0Ѵ‹ _-v - u;Ѵ-|bˆ;Ѵ‹ Ѵo‰ bl- r-1|om0bo7bˆ;uvb|‹ķ0†|1Ѵ;-uѴ‹-ˆ;u‹_b]_blr-1|om_†l-m_;-Ѵ|_ĺ o‰;ˆ;uķ mo uo0†v| -m7 †mb=b;7 voѴ†|bom bv -ˆ-bѴ-0Ѵ; =ou 1olr-ubm]

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;m]-];7bm0‹ˆ;u‹=;‰r;orѴ;1o†Ѵ70;-rruorub-|;Ѵ‹-vv;vv;7-]-bmv|

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†|†-Ѵu;vr;1|

ub;m7v_br

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SEICAT om=b7;m1; EICAT om=b7;m1;

Rhinella marina ! o‰ ! b]_

Duttaphrynus melanostictus o‰ ! o‰

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Eleutherodactylus planirostris o‰ ;7b†l

Hyla meridionalis o‰ o‰

Osteopilus septentrionalis o‰ o‰

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;|-ѴĺķƑƏƐƕő1Ѵ-vvb=b1-|bomo=-Ѵb;m -lr_b0b-mv

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-Ѵl;uŊu‹ķ ĺķ ]-u‰-Ѵ-ķ ĺķ |hbmvomķ ĺķ Ѵ;l;m|vķ $ĺķ ol;‰oo7ķ ĺķ o†u-|oķ"ĺķĻbѴm;uŊ†ѴѴ-m7ķĺĺŐƑƏƐƕőĺomb|oubm]Ѵo1-Ѵ‰;ѴѴŊ0;bm]

bm;mˆbuoml;m|-Ѵbm|;uˆ;m|bomvĹ1omvb7;u-|bomo=ru-1|b1-Ѵ|u-7;Ŋo==vĺ Oryxķ51ķѵѶŋƕѵĺ

;f1_-uķĺķşoom;‹ķĺĺŐƑƏƏƖőĺmˆ-vbˆ;vr;1b;vķ;1ov‹v|;lv;uˆb1;v -m7_†l-m‰;ѴѴŊ0;bm]ĺTrends in Ecology & Evolutionķ24ķƓƖƕŋƔƏƓĺ b;mho‰vhbķ$ĺķ)bѴѴb-lvķ"ĺķ1-u;mķĺķ)bѴvomķĺķşo1hѴ;‹ķĺŐƑƏƐƔőĺ

Ѵb;mbmˆ-vbomv-m7Ѵbˆ;Ѵb_oo7vĹ1omolb10;m;=b|vo=bmˆ-vbˆ;†v|u-Ѵb-m

!;7Ѵ-‰1u-‹=bv_bm-l-b1-ĺEcological Economicsķ112ķѵѶŋƕƕĺ bl;m|;Ѵķ ĺķ,†mb]-ķ!ĺķşouubvomķ ĺŐƑƏƏƔőĺ&r7-|;om|_;;mˆbuoml;m-

|-Ѵ -m7 ;1omolb1 1ov|v -vvo1b-|;7 ‰b|_ -Ѵb;mŊbmˆ-vbˆ; vr;1b;v bm |_;

&mb|;7"|-|;vĺEcological Economicsķ52ķƑƕƒŋƑѶѶĺ

‹঍;hķĺķ-uo঍झhķ(ĺķ†Ѵl;ķĺĺķ;u]Ѵķĺķ;f7-ķĺķ"1_-==m;uķ&ĺķş(bѴ࢘ķ ĺŐƑƏƐƑőĺ]Ѵo0-Ѵ-vv;vvl;m|o=bmˆ-vbˆ;rѴ-m|blr-1|vomu;vb7;m|

vr;1b;vķ1oll†mb|b;v-m7;1ov‹v|;lvĹ$_;bm|;u-1|bomo=blr-1|l;-- v†u;vķbmˆ-7bm]vr;1b;vĽ|u-b|v-m7;mˆbuoml;m|ĺGlobal Change Biologyķ 18ķƐƕƑƔŋƐƕƒƕĺ

!-0b|v1_ķ )ĺķ vvѴķ ĺķ ş "1_bm7Ѵ;uķ "ĺ ŐƑƏƐƕőĺ $_; ubv; o= momŊm-|bˆ; ˆ;1-

|ouv-m7u;v;uˆobuvo=_†l-m7bv;-v;vĺmĺ(bѴ࢘ķşĺĺ†Ѵl;Ő7vĺőķ Impact of biological invasions on ecosystem services Őrrĺ ƑѵƒŋƑƕƔőĺ

;uѴbmķ;ul-m‹Ĺ"rubm];uĺ

!-0b|v1_ķ )ĺķ ;moˆ;vbķ ĺķ "1-Ѵ;u-ķ !ĺķ b-j-ķ ĺķov;=vvomķ ĺķ ş vvѴķ ĺ ŐƑƏƐѵőĺ ;ˆ;Ѵorbm]-m7|;v|bm]-Ѵb;m|-Š-bm7b1-|ouv=ou†uor;ĺJournal for Nature Conservationķ29ķѶƖŋƖѵĺ

!;bm_-u7|ķĺķ;uѴ;ķĺķ-v|b-mv;mķĺķş"|u;b|ķĺŐƑƏƏƒőĺ1omolb1blr-1|

o=|_;vru;-7o=-Ѵb;m|-Š-bm;ul-m‹ĺ!;rou|oĺ&ŊĺboѴo]b1-Ѵ -m7 olr†|;u "1b;m1;v bˆbvbomĸ ;r|ĺ o= 1oѴo]‹ -m7 ˆoѴ†|bomķ u-mh=†u|-l-bmķ;ul-m‹ĺ

!b11b-u7bķĺķşo_;mķĺŐƑƏƏƕőĺ$_;bmˆ-vbˆ;m;vvo=-mbm|uo7†1;7vr;1b;v 7o;vmo|ru;7b1|b|vblr-1|ĺBiological Invasionsķ9ķƒƏƖŋƒƐƔĺ

!o0;‹mvķĺŐƑƏƏƔőĺ$_;1-r-0bѴb|‹-rruo-1_Ĺ|_;ou;|b1-Ѵv†uˆ;‹ĺJournal of Human Developmentķ6ķƖƒŋƐƐƕĺ

!o0;‹mvķĺŐƑƏƐƐőĺ$_;1-r-0bѴb|‹-rruo-1_ĺmĺĺ,-Ѵ|-Ő7ĺőķThe Stanford encyclopedia of philosophyĺ !;|ub;ˆ;7 =uol _||rĹņņrѴ-|oĺv|-m=ou7ĺ;7†ņ -u1_bˆ;vņv†lƑƏƐƐņ;m|ub;vņ1-r-0bѴb|‹Ŋ-rruo-1_

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(10)

"1-Ѵ;u-ķ!ĺŐƑƏƐƏőĺo‰l†1_bv†uor;vr;m7bm]ombmˆ-vbˆ;-Ѵb;m|-Š-ĵ Biological Invasionsķ12ķƐƕƒŋƐƕƕĺ

";mķ ĺ ŐƐƖƖƖőĺCommodities and capabilitiesĺ ;‰ ;Ѵ_bķ m7b-Ĺ Š=ou7

&mbˆ;uvb|‹u;vvĺ

"bl0;uѴo==ķ ĺķ Ѵ;Š-m7;uķ ĺķ ѴѴ;m7ou=ķ ĺķ uomvomķ ĺķ m|†m;vķ ĺ ĺķ -1_;uķ "ĺķ Ļ ,-0bmķ ĺ ŐƑƏƐƐőĺ omŊm-|bˆ;vĹ ƐƓƐ v1b;m|bv|v o0f;1|ĺ Natureķ475ķƒѵĺ

"bl0;uѴo==ķ ĺķ-u|bmķĺĺķ;moˆ;vbķĺķ-ubvķ(ĺķ)-u7Ѵ;ķ ĺĺķuomvomķ ĺķĻ(bѴ࢘ķĺŐƑƏƐƒőĺlr-1|vo=0boѴo]b1-Ѵbmˆ-vbomvĹ)_-|Ľv‰_-|-m7

|_;‰-‹=ou‰-u7ĺTrends in Ecology & Evolutionķ28ķƔѶŋѵѵĺ

"l;;|vķĺķş);|;ubm]vķ!ĺŐƐƖƖƖőĺmˆbuoml;m|-Ѵbm7b1-|ouvĹ|‹roѴo]‹-m7 oˆ;uˆb;‰ĺ†uor;-mmˆbuoml;m|];m1‹ķor;m_-];mĺ!;rou|oĺƑƔĺ

"|u-‹;uķ ĺĺķˆbm;uķ(ĺ$ĺķ;v1_h;ķĺĺķş-1;ķĺĺŐƑƏƏѵőĺ&m7;uv|-m7bm]

|_;Ѵom]Ŋ|;ul;==;1|vo=vr;1b;vbmˆ-vbomvĺTrends in Ecology & Evolutionķ 21ķѵƓƔŋѵƔƐĺ

$u-bmouķĺ!ĺŐƑƏƏƖőĺ"†uˆ;‹o=-ror†Ѵ-|bomo=0Ѵ-1hŊvrbm;7|o-7Bufo mel- anosticusbm$blouŊ;v|;Ĺom=bulbm]b7;m|b|‹ķ7bv|ub0†|bomķ-0†m7-m1;

-m7blr-1|vo=-mbmˆ-vbˆ;-m7|oŠb1|o-7ĺ!;rou|0‹_-uѴ;v -u‰bm

&mbˆ;uvb|‹|o†v †m7;u1om|u-1|-]u;;l;m|ĺƔƑƑƖƓĺ

$†um_o†|ķĺķ)-|;u|omķĺķ;ˆ;vķĺķş†bŒ;uķĺŐƑƏƐƒőĺ!;|_bmhbm]0bo- 7bˆ;uvb|‹Ĺuol]oo7v-m7v;uˆb1;v|oľѴbˆbm]‰b|_ĿĺConservation Lettersķ 6ķƐƔƓŋƐѵƐĺ

&ĺ ŐƑƏƐƐőĺ $_; v|u-|;]b1 rѴ-m =ou 0bo7bˆ;uvb|‹ ƑƏƐƐŋƑƏƑƏ -m7 |_;

-b1_b0bo7bˆ;uvb|‹|-u];|vĺ $;m|_;;|bm]&ņ ņņ ņ*ņƑķƑƖ1|o0;uƑƏƐƏķ-]o‹-ķ-r-mĺ

(-m -lķ !ĺķ )-Ѵ7;mķ ĺķ ş ;]]ķ ĺ ŐƑƏƏƑőĺ ru;Ѵblbm-u‹ ubvh -vv;vv- l;m| =ou 1-m; |o-7v bm -h-7† -|bom-Ѵ -uhĺ "1b;m|bv| !;rou| ƐѵƓķ

"†r;uˆbvbm] "1b;m|bv|ķ -u‰bm $ Œ‰‰‰ 7o1†l;m|œĺ !;|ub;ˆ;7 =uol _||rĹņņ‰‰‰ĺ;mˆbuoml;m|ĺ]oˆĺ-†ņvv7ņr†0Ѵb1-|bomvņvvuņƐѵƓĺ_|lѴ

(bѴ࢘ķĺķ-vmo†ķĺķ‹঍;hķĺķov;=vvomķĺķ;moˆ;vbķĺķoѴѴ-v1_ķ"ĺķĻ " -u|m;uv ŐƑƏƐƏőĺ o‰ ‰;ѴѴ 7o ‰; †m7;uv|-m7 |_; blr-1|v o=

-Ѵb;m|-Š-om;1ov‹v|;lv;uˆb1;vĵr-mŊ†uor;-mķ1uovvŊ|-Š--vv;vv- l;m|ĺFrontiers in Ecology and the Environmentķ8ķƐƒƔŋƐƓƓĺ

)oo7=ou7ķ ĺĺķ !b1_-u7vomķ ĺ ĺķ -1v--1ķ ĺĺķ -m7u-hķ ĺ ĺķ ˆ-m )bѴ];mķĺ)ĺķ)bѴvomķĺ!ĺ&ĺķş);‹ѴķĺĺĺŐƑƏƐѵőĺom=uom|bm]|_;

‰b1h;7ruo0Ѵ;lo=l-m-]bm]0boѴo]b1-Ѵbmˆ-vbomvĺNeoBiotaķ31ķѵƒŋѶѵĺ )oo7_o†v;ķĺķ7;-m];ķĺķşbѴm;uŊ†ѴѴ-m7ķĺĺŐƑƏƐѵőĺˆ-Ѵ†-|bm]|_;

blr-1|vo=1omv;uˆ-|bombm|;uˆ;m|bomvom_†l-m‰;ѴѴ0;bm]ĺ†b7-m1;

=ouru-1|b|bom;uvĺ ķom7omĺ

,-ˆ-Ѵ;|-ķĺŐƑƏƏƏőĺ(-Ѵ†bm];1ov‹v|;lv;uˆb1;vѴov||oTamarixbmˆ-vbombm

|_;&mb|;7"|-|;vĺmĺĺoom;‹ķş!ĺĺo00vŐ7vĺőķInvasive species in a changing worldŐrrĺƑѵƐŋƒƏƏőĺ)-v_bm]|omķ ĹvѴ-m7u;vvĺ

"&!$!$

77b|bom-Ѵ "†rrou|bm] m=oul-|bom l-‹ 0; =o†m7 omѴbm; bm |_;

v†rrou|bm]bm=oul-|bom|-0=ou|_bv-u|b1Ѵ;ĺ

o‰|o1b|;|_bv-u|b1Ѵ;Ĺ-1_;u"ķѴ-1h0†um$ķvvѴķ;|-Ѵĺ

"o1boŊ;1omolb1blr-1|1Ѵ-vvb=b1-|bomo=-Ѵb;m|-Š-Ő"$őĺ Methods Ecol Evol. 2017;00:1–10. _||rvĹņņ7obĺou]ņƐƏĺƐƐƐƐņ 2041-210X.12844

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