1 Chapitre : REPRODUCTION DE FIGURES SIMPLES
1.1 Triangles
1.1.1 Triangle quelconque : d´efinition et m´ethode de construction D´efinition : Un triangle est un polygone `a trois cot´es.
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1.1.2 Les triangles particuliers
D´efinition :
Un triangle isoc`ele est un triangle qui a deux cot´es de mˆeme lon- gueur.
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D´efinition :
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D´efinition :
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1.2 Les quadrilat`eres particuliers 1.2.1 Quadrilat`eres quelconques
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D´efinition :
Un quadrilat`ere est un polygone `a quatre cot´es.
Vocabulaire :
– A, B, C et D sont les sommets du quadrilat`ere.
– [AB] et [BC] sont des cot´es cons´ecutifs.
– [AB] et [CD] sont des cot´es oppos´es.
– [AC] et [BD] sont les diagonales du quadrilat`ere.
Attention :
Le quadrilat`ere ci-contre ne peut se nommer ABCD ou DCBA (en lisant les lettres dans cet ordre, on fait le tour du quadrilat`ere).
1
1.2.2 Le cerf-volant !" #$%&$'()*+,-./0%
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D´efinition :
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Propri´et´e : Si un quadrilat`ere est un cerf-volant alors : – une de ses diagonales est la m´ediatrice de l’autre.
– ses diagonales sont perpendiculaires.
1.2.3 Le losange
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D´efinition :
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Remarque : Un losange est cerf-volant.
Propri´et´es : Si un quadrilat`ere est un losange alors : – ses diagonales se coupent en leur milieu.
– ses diagonales sont perpendiculaires.
– ses cot´es oppos´es sont parall`eles.
1.2.4 Le rectangle
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Propriétés : Si un quadrilatère est un rectangle alors :
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D´efinition :
Un rectangle est un quadrilat`ere qui a angles droits.
Propri´et´es : Si un quadrilat`ere est un rectangle alors : – ses diagonales se coupent en leur milieu.
– ses diagonales sont de mˆeme longueur.
– ses cot´es oppos´es sont parall`eles et de mˆeme mesure.
1.2.5 Le carr´e
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Propriétés : Si un quadrilatère est un rectangle alors :
! C$6%93-A+.-,$6%6$%&+7=$./%$.%,$7'%?3,3$70%
! C$6%93-A+.-,$6%6+./%9$%?@?$%,+.A7$7'0%
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?$67'$0%
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D´efinition :
Un carr´e est quadrilat`ere qui a quatre angles droits et quatres cot´es de mˆeme mesure.
Remarque : Un carr´e est `a la fois un losange et un rectangle.
Propri´et´es : Si un quadrilat`ere est un carr´e alors : – ses diagonales se coupent en leur milieu.
– ses diagonales sont de mˆeme longueur.
– ses diagonales sont perpendiculaires.
– ses cot´es oppos´es sont parall`eles.
1.3 Report de mesure
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! C$6%93-A+.-,$6%6+./%9$%?@?$%,+.A7$7'0%
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2
