Etude du rayonnement diurne émis à 557,7 nm et 630,0 nm par l'atome d'oxygène<br />dans la thermosphère de la Terre : analyse de données satellite et modélisation numérique
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(81) ¹369<;>=@?4A7058?= ÀAÇ=@7´¤;ö7§GÆJG85
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(83) ¥u=u¤"I:A k»@7´=@?<;>¤AB?¤>;ö7x58À#=@?<;>¤ õ I4=¦¤ À#36I JC =u¤$36?<;»u;>»êI4»uÆ=JC 36282 »¦¤2 36587 =¦¤¤G ¦=J7 I4=Õ¥u3:À2J7§=J?JI67§=çC =7§G ¦3:?8?=@À#=@?<;.G;öÀ#34¤o28÷»@7 AǾ65=êI:AB587x?= î ú=¦¤&»u;ö5JI4=u¤&¤¼3:?<;N7´»¦¤o58À »u=¦¤b2436587 CÇG =u;¹243:587QC Gb7§G8A =N7´365E4=N2JGJ7 ý 3:C 36À#36?"=u; 9@7´=@5 îs =¦¤ 7HG4AÇ=FÆ=@7;>=N2JG@7 ý AB?E6÷$=u;G8C î õ À G4AǤ ¤¼3:?<;CnAÀFA ;>»¦=¦¤ »u;ö5JI4=u¤FC =¦¤28C5¤¹7§»¦¥u=J?<;>=¦¤ =u¤¼¤¼G4AÇ=@?<;I4=,À 3:I4»@C½AǤ=@7C =u¤#369¤=@7ÆJG; A 36?¤ 5<; ABC½AǤ=@?<;O=;OG8À »JCnAÇ387´=@?<; C =&À 3:I @C =I4=
(84) N58?N24=u; A ; ?36ÀF9J7§=FI4=FI436?8?»¦=u¤ {ü GE:A=; ý A?E6÷ 7HG /365<;>=@?<; G85À#,3 7HG ¦36?8?=JÀ =J?<;G;öÀ#34¤o28÷»@7 A¿¾65=I4= ý 36C 36À#36? à î^ý ÷=@28÷=J7HI=;GC î I @C =I4=¥A7H¥J58C G; A 36?$E »@?»@7§GC =I4=$CB¨nG;öÀ#34¤o28÷ @7´=Fü í û ô ú í þe3698C = =u;¹þzA¿I6C = Ä 58?$¥36I4=. . . !: 4 <S .. !5. . !5 =. '*),+.-/)%) !: =. . !:. =.
(85) . 2 365870¤oAÀ58C =@7C =7HG u36?8?=JÀ =J?<; I4=,CB¨½3 E @?= î^ï BED(FG+.HI(F/D. ú÷JG824A ;ö7´= î  n¨ G<;öÀ 34¤o28÷ @7´=.I4=&C G.ü=@7 7§==u; ¤¼3:?7HG ¦36?8?=JÀ =J?<; 4I =C Gb28÷3@;>36¥÷4ABÀAÇ=&I4=,CÇGb÷JG5<;>=.G;öÀ#34¤o28÷ @7§= A G />3:5<;>=@?<;sG85¹À 3:I @C =AÇ3:?34¤28÷»J7 AǾ65= ;G¤¼¤==u;sG8C î 58?À 3:I658C =28÷3 ;>3:¥J÷4ABÀA¿¾65= 243:587z¤oAÀ58C =@7s¾65=JCǾ65=¦¤O3:9¤¼=J7´ÆJG<; AÇ36?¤ ¥u387 7§»@C »¦=u¤ GÆ=¦¥I4=¦¤O369¤=@7ÆJG; A 36?¤A 36?34¤o28÷»@7 A¿¾65=¦¤ =@? 36?= G587´387HG8C = î ú«¨½=¦¤>;
(86) ¥=À 3:I @C = ¾65= /ö¨G4AJ¥36?<; AB?85»
(87) #I4»uÆ=@C 362824=J7z24=J?JI8G?<;¥u=;ö7§GÆJG4ABC I4=;ö÷ ¦¤= =u;¾65= />=$2J7§»u¤¼=J?<;>=@7§G8A{=@?&I4»;G8AC ¤ I8G8?¤CÇG;ö7´3:AǤöA JÀ =&2JG@7; AÇ= î. 55. ;. '7),+.-8),).
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(92) $É4È4Èð@À î  =&2JG8?8?= G85$I4=FI67´3:A ;>=I4=&CÇG :E6587§= î 2@7´»¦¤=@?<;>="C ="2@7´3 kC:I4=&CÇGF;>=@ÀF24»@7§G;ö587´=.I4=&C¨G<;öÀ 3 ¤28÷ J7§= õ 2J7§3 eC¾654AD=¦¤> ;
(93) åCÇGÐ9JGJ¤=çI4=qCÇGÐ?36À#=@?J¥JC G;ö587´=5<; ABCnA ¤¼»u=q2436587¹I4» ¥J7 AB7´=ÐC =¦¤bI:A »J7§=J?<;>=¦¤Õ¥u3:5J¥J÷=¦¤ G<;öÀ 34¤o28÷»@7 A¿¾65=u¤ î( =E67§G@I:A =@?<; ABÀF24387´;G8?<;OI4=¹;>=JÀ2 »@7HG<;ö587§=FI8G8?¤CÇG;ö÷=J7xÀ#34¤o28÷ @7§==¦¤>; C G$¥u36?¤ » ¾65=@?J¥=I:AB7§=¦¥;>=I4=CB¨nG89¤¼=J?J¥u=I{¨n»JÀFA ¤¼¤öAÇ3:? ;ö÷=@7 ÀFAǾ65=O=u;«I4=CB¨nG9¤387x2<; AÇ3:?I4=C¨n»J?=@7§EgAÇ=O¤36CÇG4AB7´= I8G?¤ C =NI436À G8A?=}û îD =¦¤I4=@5 Õ¥u36587 94=u¤.¥37 7§=u¤2 36?JI4=@?< ;
(94) ÕI4=¦¤F¥36?JI:A ; A 36?¤FI4= ý 3:C =JAC¥uGCnÀ = ;ö7§G8A ; 28C =AB? =;QI4= ý 36C =JABC4G@¥o; A ;ö7§G8A ;O243:A?<; ABCnC » î:ý 587«C =.2JG8?8?= G85FI4=E8G85J¥J÷= õ ¾654A62@7´»¦¤=@?<;>=&C =u¤¥u3:?J¥u=@? ;ö7HG<; AÇ3:?¤; 824A¿¾65=u¤FI4=¦¤F¥u36ÀF243 ¤G8?<;>¤FI4=êC¨G<;öÀ 3 ¤28÷ J7§=Õ243658758? ý 3:C =JAC¥uGCnÀ ="=;$58? ý 36C =JACGJ¥; A ¼7´=¦¤o24=¦¥; A Æ=JÀ =J?<;O=@?F;ö7HG4A ;28C =AB?=u;Q=@?F;ö7HG4A ;2436?<; ACC »¦¤ õ 36?,24=J5<;QÆ3gAB7(¾65=I8G8?¤ CÇGF;ö÷=@7xÀ#34¤o28÷ @7´= CB¨½3 E @?=FG<;>36ÀA¿¾65=FI4=uÆ4A =@?<; 2J7§3 E67§=u¤¼¤öA Æ=JÀ =J?<;¹C =F¥u36ÀF243 ¤G8?<; À G /387 A ;G8A7§= î Ä8È È:ð@À I{¨nG8C ; A ;ö5JI4= ¤¼G&¥u36?J¥=@?<;ö7HG<; AÇ3:?&G85E6À =J?<;>=FI{¨l58?.37§I67§=FI4=E67HG8?JI4=@587DC 37´¤¾65=&C = ý 36C =ABC=¦¤>; GJ¥; A î. L9. :9. ,. . . . (QR". . =. :9. 2. . :9. 2. 2. H² ß î ó 7´3 kC ¤=@?G8C ; A ;ö5JI4="I4=u¤¹¥u3:?J¥u=@?<;ö7§G; A 36?¤$?=@5<;ö7´=¦¤(2JG?8?=¦G5NI4=&E8G85J¥J÷= =u;;>=@ÀF24». 7HG<;ö587§=ê?=@5<;ö7´= ¼2JG8?8?= G85bI4=I67§3:A ;>=
(95) ô 7§=@?3:98C =Õ2436587 I4=¦¤¥u36?JI:A ; AÇ36?¤FI4= ý 36C =JABC¥¦G8CÀ#= ;ö7HG4A ;>¤ 28C =AB?¤ =u;OI4= ý 3:C =JAC:G@¥o; A ;ö7HG4A ;>¤2 36?<; ABCnC »u¤ î. 2. Ä.
(96) î à î ="7§G u36?8?=@À#=@?<;I4="C GN÷JG85<;>=G<;öÀ#34¤28÷ J7§=;>=@7 7§=¦¤>;ö7§=  =O¤o24=¦¥;ö7§=¤36CÇG4AB7´=û.QRq " I4»u¤oA E6?=¹C =u¤28÷3 ;>36?¤
(97) »@ÀAǤQ2JG@7(C =O¤36C =ABC@I8G?¤QC =¦¤9JG¤¤¼=u¤C 36?E65=J587§¤ / 5¤¾65¨
(98) 5 È È î ú=&7§G ¦ 3:?8?=@À#=@?<;=u¤;#2@7 AB?J¥<AB2JG8C =@À#=@?<; »@ÀA ;
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(100) I:AB7§="»JÀFA ¤I8G8?¤.C G u; 3:?=NI4= ;ö7HG8?¤öA ; AÇ3:? õ ¾654A<=u¤;CÇG e9 ?=O¥u365J¥÷=OI4= C¨G<;öÀ 3 ¤28÷ J7§=OI65 ý 36C =JAC<¤oA ;ö5»¦==J?<;ö7§=C G#¥÷87§36À#34¤o28÷ @7§=O=;DCÇG ¥u3:587§36?8?= õ 3 C G ;>=JÀ2 »@7§G;ö587´=OG5E:À =J?<;>= 9@7 5¤¾65=JÀ =J?<; î ú=¦¤«I:A »J7§=J?<;>=¦¤
(101) ¥365J¥J÷=u¤¤36?<;«AB?JI:AǾ65»¦=¦¤ ¤o587sC G:9 E6587§= î þ654A:2J7§»u¤¼=J?<;>=C =¦¤2J7§3:e9 C ¤DI4=O;>=@ÀF24»J7HG<;ö587§==u;«I4=#I4=J?¤oA ;>» I4=¹C¨G<;öÀ 3 ¤28÷ J7§= ¤¼3:CÇG4AB7§= =@?L 2 36?J¥; A 36?.I4="C¨G8C ; A ;ö5JI4= î. . 5 ó uî7§39kCI4=bÀ GJ¤¤=$Æ36C58ÀA¿¾65=&=;I4=$;>=JÀ2 »@7HG<;ö587§=,I4=bCB¨nG<;öÀ 34¤o28÷ @7´="¤¼36C G8A7§=. H² ß î à  =¦G?'. . (Q ". xI{¨G82J7 ¦¤.  ¨½»@ÀAǤ¤oA 36?¤¼36C G8A7§=áû =u¤;$¥u36ÀF28C ;>=@À#=@?<;&G89¤37 94»u=2JG@7C =u¤÷JG85<;>=¦¤"¥u3:5J¥J÷=¦¤$I4=CB¨nG; À#34¤28÷ J7§=ê;>=@7x7´=¦¤>;ö7§=áG85};ö7§GÆ=J7§¤NI4=ä2J7§3:¥u=¦¤¤o5¤ I{¨YAÇ36?4A ¤G<; AÇ36? õ I4=I:AǤ¤¼3:¥AÇG; A 36? õ =u;,I{¨½= ¥<A ;G<; AÇ36? î ú=u;;>=G89¤37 2<; AÇ36?¹I65.7HG ¦36?8?=JÀ =J?<;
(102) ¤36CÇG4AB7´=.û qG.2436587e= =;I{¨ZA 36?4AǤ=@7k=u;DI{¨½= ¥<A ;>=J70C =#E8G I4=CÇG ÷JG85<;>=G<;öÀ#34¤28÷ J7§= õ ¥=.¾654A:=J?<;ö7H.G -x?=&58?7§G ¦3:?8?=@À#=@?<;2JG@70I4=u¤¼= ¥A ;G<; AÇ3:? 7HGJI:A¿G<; A Æ= õ G8A?¤oA6¾65¨Z58? ¥J÷JG85 GJE4=I4=&C¨ZA 36?34¤o28÷ @7§=F=u;I4=$CÇG.;ö÷=J7xÀ#34¤28÷ J7§= î  G 6E6587´= î AB?JI:A¿¾65= õ =@? 36?J¥o; AÇ36?I4=C¨G8C ; A ;ö5JI4= õ C =¦¤¹I:A »J7§=@?<;>=u¤¹=¦¤o2 ¦¥u=¦¤FI4=C Gê÷JG85<;>="G;öÀ#,3 ¤o28÷ @7§=F¾654Ag¤36?<; AÇ36?4A ¤¼»u=¦¤2JG@7
(103) C = k5 $¤¼3:CÇG4AB7§="û î Å8¨G4A^AB?JI:AǾ65»¹=@?<;ö7´="2JGJ7§=@?<;ö÷ u¤¼=u¤¹C =¦¤ ¤¼=J54ABC ¤ I4= 7§»¦G@¥o; AÇ36' ? ¥387x7§=u¤2 36?JI8G8?J¥u=FGÆ=¦¥.CÇGNC 36?E65=J587sI{¨n36?JI4=I65,28÷3 ;>36?&A?J¥A¿I4=J?<; uîz =¦¤OG8?8?3 ;G<; AÇ36?¤=J? 7§3:5E4=bÀ 36?<;ö7´=@?<;$C =¦¤FI:A k»@7´=@?<;>¤$AÇ3:?¤¾654A¤36?<;.2J7§3:I654A ;>¤ õ GÆ=¦¥ CB¨nGC ; A ;ö5JI4=,I65}À G AÀ58ÀÛI4=Õ2J7§,3 I65J¥; A 36?,I4=&¥=¦¤FA 36?¤ î A?¤oA õ 36?b2 =@5<;?3 ;>=J7
(104) ¾65=C GÕÀ G /=J587§=N2JGJ7´; AÇ=$I65"¤2 = ¥;ö7´=Õû ¥u3:?<;ö7 AB985=. 9. . . 2. A . . PM. (Q ". J;. (QR". É. .QR".
(105) . . ú÷JG824A ;ö7´= î  n¨ G<;öÀ 34¤o28÷ @7´=.I4=&C G.ü=@7 7§==u; ¤¼3:?7HG ¦36?8?=JÀ =J?<; o. Altitude (km). o. 100< <1000A. 10< <100A. 400. F2 200 o. N2 (794.87 A) 160. +. +. O&N2. o. O2 (1024.79 A) F1. o. O (911.76 A). 120 110. O+, N ,+2 O. + 2. E 80. D . . ²Hß î. M. 60. .QR" î.  =¦¤I:A k»@7§=J?<;>=¦¤O=u¤2 ¥u=u¤I4=$CÇG,÷JG85<;>=G<;öÀ 34¤o28÷ @7´=.AÇ36?4A ¤¼»u=¦¤2JG@7
(106) C = e5 &¤36CÇG4AB7´=&û . .
Figure
+7
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