Biologie et physiologie moléculaire du développement du fruit de café

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(101) UNIVERSITÉ DE PARIS-SUD (XI) U.F.R SCIENTIFIQUE D’ORSAY. Document présenté pour obtenir:. L’HABILITATION À DIRIGER DES RECHERCHES. Biologie et physiologie moléculaire du développement du fruit de caféier. par. Pierre MARRACCINI Chercheur au Cirad - UMR DAP 1098. Soutenance le 10 Octobre 2008 devant la commission d’examen :. Dr Didier COURTOIS, Centre R&D Nestlé-Tours Dr Alexandre DE KOCHKO, IRD Pr Michel DRON, Université Paris 11 Pr Pascal GANTET, Université Montpellier II Pr Guillaume TCHERKEZ, IBP, CNRS. 1. Examinateur Rapporteur Examinateur Rapporteur Rapporteur.

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(103) Sommaire Remerciements.............................................................5 Avant-propos..............................................................7 Chapitre I : D’où proviennent nos grains de café? ........................9 - Quelles définitions de la qualité? ....................................10 - Quels sont les facteurs qui affectent la qualité?......................10 - Sur les pistes de la qualité du café...................................12 - Les réactions de Maillard..............................................13 - Le point sur la génomique du caféier...................................14 Chapitre II : Le développement du grain de caféier.......................16 - Les protéines de réserve: précurseurs d’arômes.........................17 - Les protéines de réserves du caféier sont des légumines................18 - Les protéines de réserves et le développement du grain.................19 - Le promoteur du gène CSP1: un premier outil moléculaire?...............20 Chapitre III : Caractérisation du gène rbcS de Coffea arabica L..........23 Chapitre IV : Etude du métabolisme des polysaccharides...................25 - L’α-galactosidase du grain de caféier..................................26 - Les endo-β-mannanases du grain de caféier..............................29 Chapitre Y : Etude du métabolisme du saccharose: un autre précurseur d’arôme..................................................................34 - Evolution des sucres au cours de la maturation du grain de caféier.... 35 - La saccharose synthétase...............................................36 Conclusions et perspectives..............................................39 Quels bilans de ses travaux ?............................................40 Projet de recherche: Etude des mécanismes moléculaires et génétiques impliqués .dans la tolérance à la sécheresse chez le caféier.............41 - Situation du sujet.....................................................41 - Projet de recherche....................................................42 Conclusions et perspectives..............................................46 Tables et Figures........................................................48 Références bibliographiques..............................................68 Liste de titres et travaux...............................................74 Tableau récapitulatif des publications...................................80. 3.

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