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Interaction between olfaction and food intake: first evidence for a role of astroglial plasticity in the olfactory
bulb
Virginie Daumas-Meyer, Gaelle Champeil Potokar, Anne Dufourcq, Marielle Levillain, Catherine Papillon, Patrice Congar, Isabelle Denis
To cite this version:
Virginie Daumas-Meyer, Gaelle Champeil Potokar, Anne Dufourcq, Marielle Levillain, Catherine Pa-
pillon, et al.. Interaction between olfaction and food intake: first evidence for a role of astroglial
plasticity in the olfactory bulb. Doc’J : Colloque des Jeunes Chercheurs de l’INRA de Jouy-en-Josas,
Dec 2014, Jouy-en-Josas, France. 1 p, 2014. �hal-01345499�
Fasting states
olfactory food seeking behavior, body weight loss, glycemia and leptinemia.
or or
Interaction between olfaction and food intake: first evidence for a role of astroglial plasticity in the olfactory bulb
or
Fasting status of the rats Astroglial deployment within the OB glomeruli
Virginie Daumas‐Meyer, Gaëlle Champeil‐Potokar, Anne Dufourcq, Marielle Levillain, Catherine Papillon, Patrice Congar, Isabelle Denis.
virginie.daumas‐meyer@jouy.inra.fr
NPY:
Major orexigenic peptide involved in food intake regulation Body weight loss
(n=12) Glycemia(n=6)
Leptinemia(n=12) Olfactory food seeking behavior(n=6)
Glycemia (mg/dL)
Fed 17h 24h
48h 60
80 100 120 140 160
a
b b
b
Difference of body weight on 48h (in %) Fed
17h 24h
48h
-20 -10 0 10 20
a
b b
c
[Leptinemia] ng/mL
Fed 17h
24h 48h
0 1 2 3
4 a
b b,c
c
GFAP/Hoechstlabelling
GFAP labelling area/ROI (u.a)
Fed
24h 48h 0
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 p<0.01
p<0.01
GFAP labelling area/ROI (u.a)
Fed 24h
48h 0
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Dorsal olfactory glomeruli
(≈80‐100 glomeruli/section n=4 rats/condition)
Ventral olfactory glomeruli: (≈80‐100 glomeruli/section
n=4 rats/condition)
Time of sniffing (in %)
Fed 17h
24h 48h
0 10 20 30 40 50
a b
b b
Neurobiologie de l’Olfaction
Centre de Recherche de Jouy‐en‐Josas
Domaine de Vilvert • 78352 Jouy‐en‐Josas Cedex • FRANCE
Olfaction participates in the elaboration of the hedonic value of foods and plays an important role in food choice and the regulation of food intake. Reciprocally, the detection of food odors is influenced by the metabolic state (hunger/satiety), thereby contributing to the initiation and termination of eating behavior. Fasting increases olfactory performances, notably by increasing neuronal activation in the olfactory bulb (OB) (Prud’homme et al, 2009), the first integration site of olfactory signals towards the central nervous system. Within the OB glomeruli, the glutamatergic synapses between olfactory sensory neurons (OSN) and mitral cells are regulated by peri‐glomerular neurons and astrocytes.Hypothesis
Conclusions Results Objectives Context
Glomeruli:
Glutamatergic synapses Hypothalamus
OLFACTORY BULB
Olfactory mucosa
Astrocytes are now fully recognized as synaptic partners (Halassa & Haydon 2010) and are thought to generate some kind of “metaplasticity” in the central nervous (Min et al, 2012) as well as in the OB glomerular region (Roux et al, 2011).
The neuron‐astrocyte cross‐talk in the glomeruli, albeit poorly known, may be a central player in the metabolic regulation of olfactory responses.
5 week old Wistar rats
Methods
% of NPY‐Y1R/ACTINE (relative to mean of fed rats)
Fed 17h 24h
48h
0 50 100 150
a
b b
a,b
Expression of the NPY‐Y1 receptor
Our results strongly suggested that the deployment of astroglial processes within the OB glomeruli varies according to the metabolic status of the rats. This morphological plasticity may be influenced by peptides involved in food intake regulation such as NPY, and may participate to the adaptation of olfactory sensitivity to food intake.
Fed rats/ Fasted rats (17h, 24h or 48h)
Models Astroglial deployment within the OB glomeruli
Immunohistochemical‐quantification of the GFAP area.
Quantification of the expression of the Y1
receptor of NPY
Western Blotting
Modification of the astroglial coverage within the dorsal olfactory glomeruli
Modulation of neurotransmission FED RATS
NPY‐Y1R
Olfactory sensitivity
Fasting increases the expression of the NPY‐Y
1R, which is mainly located
on the astrocytes, in the OB. Fasting reduced the GFAP labelling area within the dorsal glomeruli
Fed rats
17h of food deprivation 24h of food deprivation 48h of food deprivation
FASTED RATS
Mitral cells (neuron)
Olfactory neurons
To test the hypothesis that astrocytes of the OB glomeruli are involved in the metabolic sensing of the olfactory system, we have compared the expansion of the astroglial processes within the glomeruli in fed or fasted rats.
Perspectives
The existence of an astroglial plasticity within glutamatergic synapses in other brain structures involved in adaptative behaviour
The presence of abundant astrocyte networks in the OB
The presence of NPY‐Y1 receptor on the astrocytes of the OB glomeruli This hypothesis is based on:
We aim to explore the underlying mechanisms by evaluating the impact of the hormones involved in food intake regulation on the neurone‐astrocyte cross‐talk in the glomeruli.
DORSAL
VENTRAL
OB
GFAP/Hoechstlabelling
Dorsal olfactory glomeruli
Fed 24h of fasting 48h of fasting
GFAP/NPY‐Y1 receptor/Hoechst labelling
