""Tbe diversity of media options in Asia is truly staggering.

This document is part of a continuing project of the Tobacco Free-Initiative and the Health Promotion Unit World Health Organizatir·!, \ VPstern Pacific Regional Office.

Tobacco-Free Initiative & Health Pro tion Unit World Health Organization

Regional Office for the Western Pacific P.O. Box 2932, I 000 Manila, Philippines Tel: (632) 528-800 I

Fax: (632) 521 I 036 · • !'·. •

http://WVIJIN.wpro.who.int

r ..•

Choosing the Channels of Communication

Choosing the Channels of Communication

A Review of Media Resources for 1 1 Countries in the Western Pacific Region

Introduction ... l Key elements in choosing the channels of communication .... .... . .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .. ... ... 2

Cambodia

Summary of media resources ... 8 Media directory ... 10

China

Summary of media resources ... 18 Media directory ... 20

Fiji

Summary of media resources ... 26 Media directory ... 27

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Summary of media resources _ . . .. .. .. ... ... ... ... - ... . _ . . .. .. 34 Media directory··--·-···-··--··-···---··----····--···--···-- ... 36

Malaysia

Summary of media resources ... 42 Media directory ... 44

Micronesia, Federated States of

Summary of media resources ... 50 Media directory ... 51

Mongolia

Summary of media resources ... 58 Media directory ... 60

Papua New Guinea

Summary of media resources ... 66 Media directory ... 68

Philippines

Summary of media resources ... 76 Media directory . . . . ... .. . .. .. . .. . . ... . ... . . .. .. . . .... .. . . . .. .. .. . .... .... . . . .. . .. .. . .. . . .. .. .. . .. ... ... . . .. .. . .. .. . .. . . .. .... 78

Samoa

Summary of media resources ... 86 Media directory ... 88

., WHO!WPRO LIBRARY '

MANILA. PHIL1PPINES

2 1 MAY 2004

Table of Contents

II

VietNam

Summary of media resources ... 94

Media directory ... 96

Annexes (from the Development of Media Resources for Health Communication in the Western Pacific Region. March 2003, by Dr. Tom Carroll and Bev Carroll of Carroll Communications) Executive Summary . . .. .. . . . .. .. .. .. . . .. .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . .... .. .. .. ... . ... . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. ... . . .. . ... ... . 1 00 1 . The development of a framework for analysis... 1 00 2. The colleaion of information ... 100

3. The development of a survey tool ... 101

4. The preparation of country reports ... 102

5. Key findings from the project ... 102

5. 1 Media resources .. .... .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. ... ... .. .. .. ... ... ... .... ... 1 02 5.2 Advertising restrictions .. .. . . ... . . .. . .. . . .. . . ... ... . . . ... .... 1 03 5.3 Skills and capacity of health promotion partners ... 103 Attachment 1

Survey questionnaire for participants at the Regional Workshop on

Capacity-Building tor Health Promotion .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. .. .. .. .. . . . .. . ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. . .. . .. . . .. .. .. .. .. .. I U4

Choosing the Channels of Communication

""Tbe diversity of media options in Asia is truly staggering.

If it 1noves, it's 1nedia . '' '

Health Promotion is the process of "enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health".

In order to achieve this, people need access to timely and relevant information.

How does one effectively promote health in a Region made up of I. 7 billion people, living in 37 culturally unique countries and areas, with some countries using several different languages within their own borders?

In recent decades. mass media has become the dominant means of transmitting information to large audiences. It has been effectively used to promote products, services and ideas. The evidence of its effectiveness as a means of improving health conditions has steadily increased over the years. Yet in many countries, the use of mass media for health promotion may be over- or under-rated.

This guide is a review of the media resources of I I countries in the Western P;:wifir, inrl1 JrJino Cambodia, China, Fiji, the Lao People's Democratic Republic. Malaysia, the Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Samoa and Viet Nam. It is based on information gathered from October 2002 to March 2003 by Carroll Communications, social marketing and research consultants.

Included in the review is a directory of media resources for each country along with a summary of each country's media resources including, the numbers of televisions and radios per country (subject to availability of this information), population rates, literacy rates, advertising restrictions, capacities of health promotion partners and previous or ongoing health campa1gns.

As this guide is a joint undertaking of the Tobacco-Free Initiative and the Health Promotion Unit of the Western Pacific Ret;;~ional Office. srwcifir infmm:::jrinn nn thF Fxrmr nf rnhr:wm .4r1vFrtisino is inrlttrJPrJ Where t1vt1ilt1hiP, rnlicies restricting tobacco advertisements are also inc:lt Jr1Pr1. This information can be used in implementation of health promotion programmes in general, and specifically to inform policies and programmes under national plans of action on tobacco control.

While this guide attempts to provide basic information on mainstream mass media resources, it must be emphasized that choosing the appropriate channels of communication for health promotion requires an understanding of the contexts in which specific media are effective. Research, creativity and discipline are necessary in determining the right mix of media to use and the appropriate strategies to maximize information dissemination.

The information provided in this guide is a starting point but is not exhaustive. Information on a wide variety of other forms of media, including traditional forms (e.g. theatre, festivals, puppetry) or emerging forms (e.g. "narrow-casting" vis-a-vis "broadcasting" through cable television, internet). would supplement the guide. Additional information on current social, cultural and political issues and concerns (e.g. civil strife, election periods, religious holidays) should also be considered in the process of designing effective communication campaigns for health.

' The 360 Degree Brand in Asia. John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd. Copyright (c) 2003. Excerpted with pem1ission of the publisher, John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte.Ltd. www.wiley.com

Introduction

2

All too often, health campaigns are carried out without adequate research or reflection on which media would be the most effective within a certain country. For example, a creative and compelling television campaign will not do much good if the target audience does not have access to television. On the other hand, it is possible that much time and attention is devoted to developing print materials when in fact the dominant mode of information transmission is through radio.

Finally, an example of an innovative health communication strategy has been selected and is highlighted as an introduction to each country's inventory of resources and media directory to underscore the importance of the complex social, political and cultural contexts within which communication must be channelled in each country

Key elements in choosing the channels of communication for health campaigns Three elements are essential in choosing which media is best for your health campaign:

Know your target audience

Each country is culturally unique and often there are diverse cultures in a single country. Be aware of each culture's particular values and behavioural traits. Also, identify your target audience's age group, gender, socioeconomic background, and literacy rate Finally. find out which newspapers they read, which Nand radio programmes are popular, and which religious groups, agencies, recreation centres, and businesses serve the community Also determine the number of people you intend to reach.

Know your message

Choosing the right media also depends on what message you are trying to relay. Is the message Intended to raise awareness about an issue or change attitudes and behaviour? If the message is intended to change behaviour, for example getting young children to wash their hands, perhaps interpersonal channels such as community workshops or posters in schools may be better than a television or newspaper campaign. Consider which channel best suits the message.

Know your country's media

Find out how many television and radio stations there are, along with how many people are watching and listening. Find out how many newspapers there are and how many subscribers those newspapers have. Do the same for magazines, billboards and Internet sites. Finally, many countries have their own culturally unique ways of communicating, whether it is puppet shows, as in Lao People's Democratic Republic. or SMS "texting" in the Philippines. These channels of communication are often the most effective method in getting a message out so remember to consider all options when creating a health campaign.

It is Jlso helpful to keep in mind thJt mJss mediJ, such Js television, rJdio, newspJpers, mJgJzines, billboards and the Internet are good at reaching people quickly. but are less personal so may not be as

Choosing the Channels of Communication

effective in some campaigns as interpersonal communication. Sometimes peer counselling or group workshops are more effective because they provide an opportunity for clarification or feedback.

More often than not, health communication is most effective when many different communication channels are used simultaneously. A combination of community, interpersonal and mass media channels takes advantage of the strengths of each and provides maximum exposure to your message. Studying your target audience, your message and your available media will help you decide which channels to

choose.

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Countr Profile: CAMBODIA

8

Significant statistics •

• Population: 13 099 4 70

• Adult literacy rate: 6 7.80%

Summary of media resources

RADIO

In

1997, there were an estimated

1

.34 million radios in Cambodia

³

• One government controlled radio station- National Voice of Cambodia.

•

•

•

TV Fark is operated by the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces, with broadcast coverage in Phnom Penh.

TV 3 is a joint venture of the Phnom Penh Municipality and KCS Cambodia. It covers Phnom Penh and

1

5 provinces with a total population of around 1 0 1 00 000.

As para TV is a privately owned station operated bytheAspara Media Group.

Bayon TV is a privately owned station broadcasting to provinces with a population of around 3 300 000.

• One radio station operated by the Royal NEWSPAPERS

Cambodian Armed Forces (Far!<).

•

One radio station operated by TV3, which is a joint commercial venture between

Phnom Penh Municipality and KCS Cambodia

.

• A number of privately operated radio stations including a range of FM stations operating throughout Cambodia by Bayon Radio, and the Aspara Media Group.

As well,

•

•

•

The Phnom Penh Post the Phnom Penh Daily and the Cambodian Daily are privately owned independent English-language newspapers.

There are two pro-government daily newspapers, Reaksmei Kampuchea and Kaoh Santepheap

.

There is a range of smaller newspapers publishing in Chinese and French languages.

• The Women's Media Centre operates Radio

WMCwhich broadcasts in Phnom Penh

.

Summary of advertising restrictions

TELEVISION •

In 1997, there were an estimated 94 000 televisions in Cambodia.

⁴

•

TVK- the National Television of

Cambodia-

is owned by the Government of Cambodia. Local stations operate in seven provinces.

http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbookJgeos/vm.html#Comin

' http:l/www.cia.gov/cia/publicationslfactbook/geos/vm.htmi#Comm

•

Overseas commercials are permitted and it is recommended that they be dubbed in Khmer.

In 1993, a ban on tobacco advertising on

Cambodia's public broadcast media

wasintroduced. This ban does not apply to

privately owned and operated television

stations.

Choosrng the Channels of Communrcatron

• Cigarette advertising is permitted for other

Tobacco control campaigns

advertising mediums including radio stations,

outdoor sites and newspapers. campaigns have included activities for World No Tobacco Day in May each year. These have

• There are no restrictions on the advertising of involved radio and television, as well as other

alcohol products. news agencies in the country.

Advertising expenditure

(Cigarettes are the most prominently advertised product in the country. The National Centre for Health Promotion estimates that cigarette advertising increased by 400% between 1994 and 1997 and now accounts for nearly half of all advertising revenue in the country. ⁵

Health promotion partners

Health education campaigns are conducted through the Municipal Health Department and the Ministry of Education through its Department of School Health.

Partners engaged specifically in tobacco control communication and advocacy include:

• The National Center for Health Promotion (NHCP, Ministry of Health)

• Tobacco or Health Unit

• Action for a Tobacco Free Cambodia (AFTC)

• Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA)

• Medicine Faculty of Phnom Penh

Health campaigns

• World Aids Day

• National Measles Campaign

• World Health Day

• Food Safe Campaign

• Exercise Campaign

• Health City Campaign

• Dengue Fever Campaign

' http://www.wpro.who.int

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Bayon Radio Radio FM Broadcasts to Kampong Cham province Knom Prek +855 23

91.0 with a population of 1 608 914 SamrongTakhov 363695 or

Kandel Province (015) 850714 or (012) 813695 or (012) 926797

Bayon Radio Radio FM Broadcasts to Sihanoukville province Knom Prek +855 23

92.0 with a population estimate of 155 690 SamrongTakhov 363695 or

Kandel Province (015) 850714 or (012) 813695 or (012) 926797

Bayon Radio Radio FM Broadcasts to Siem Reap provin.:e with Knom Prek +855 23

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100.5 population estimate of 696 164 Confederation de Ia 814323

Russie (Street 112) Sangkat Monorom Khan 7 Makara Phnom Penh

Sweet FM -Kampong Radio FM Located at Kampong Cham province c/- TV 3 No 2 Bvd +855 12

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Russie (Street 112) Sangkat Monorom Khan 7 Makara Phnom Penh

Radio 97 (Apsara)- Radio FM Broadcasts to Phnom Penh province Located at Apsara TV 855 23 +855 23 apsaratv.c

Phnom Penh 7.0 with a population estimate of 999 804 Phnom Penh Ch 11 303002 214302 om.kh

No 69 Street 57 (corner Street No 370)SangkatBeung Keng Kang 1 Khan Chamcarmon Phnom Penh

Love FM 97.5- Phnom Radio FM Broadcasts to Phnom Penh province c/- TV 3 No 2 Bvd +855 12 +855 23 tv3@camn

Penh 97.5 with a population estimate of 999 804 Confederation de Ia 814323 360800 et.com.kh

Russie (Street 112) Sangkat Monorom Khan 7 Makara Phnom Penh

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TV Channel 5 (TV Fark)

TVK (National Television of Cambodia)

Cambodia TV Station Channel 9 (CT'J 9)

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Bayon TV

Radio FM 99.0 Radio 102.0

Takhmau (Phnom Penh) Ch 27 Siem Reap Ch 8 Takhao (Kampong Cham) Ch 12

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programmes Phnom Penh

Operated by the Women's Media Centre No 5 Abdul Carime Street (Street 21) Phnom Penh

A joint venture of Phnom Penh No 2 Bvd

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Phnom Penh Street 169, Borei Keila Phnom Penh 12253

Owned by the Government of Phnom Penh Ch 7 Cambodia. Local stations operate in 26 Monivong Siem Reap, Battambang, Sihanourke, Boulevard Phnom Pursat, Sen Monorom, Koh Kong, Penh 12202

Rattanakiri PO Box 981

Phnom Penh Phnom Penh Ch 9 No 18 Street 562 Toul Kok

Phnom Penh 12151 Operated by Apsara Media Group Phnom Penh Ch 11

No 69 Street 57(corner Street No 370) Sangkat Beung Keng Kang 1 Khan Chamcarmon Phnom Penh Broadcasts to provinces with a Knom Prek population estimate of 3 304 882 SamrongTakhov

Kandel Province

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No 218 Keo Chea (Street 184) Phnom Penh

Embassy of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam -Phnom Penh

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Phnom Penh Caily

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Con Rhuong Pao Island of Peace Jian Hua Daily Cambodia Kaoh Santepheap Odamtek Khmer Reaksmei Kampuchea Rea lites

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Voice of Khmer Youth

3,500

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Language -English and Khmer Published daily

Language - English Published 6 days/week Independent newspaper

Language - Chinese n/a

Language • Chinese n/a

n/a n/a

Language • French n/a

n/a

House#10A Street #264 Phnom Penh

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Email address Adventist Deve opment Relief Agency PO Box 1 05, Phnom Penh (85-5) 23 880693

Tobacco or Health Programme House #4 Street #554 Khan Toul Kork Cambodia

National Centre for Health Promotion #162 Preah Sihanouk Blvd. (85-5) 23 213608 Boeng Keng Kang I, Chamkarmon

Phnom Penh Cambodia

Action for a Tobacco-Free Cambodia #28 EO,St.222 Boeung Raing, Daun Peak Phnom Penh Cambodia

Adventist Development and Relief PO Box 1 05, House #4 Street 554 Khan Toul Kork (855-23) 880693

Agency Phnom Penh Cambodia

Advertising Restrictions General

Overseas commercials are permitted. All commercials should be re- dubbed in Khmer.

Regulations Co_!!cerning Alcohol Advertising Beverage I Alcohol

Advertising is currently permitted.

(85-5) 23 880305 adracam@bigpond.com.kh

nchp@camnet.com.kh

samnag@camnet.com.kh

(855-23) 880305 adracam.toh@bigpond.com.k h

Regulations Concerning Tobacco Advertising Since 1993, there has been a ban on tobacco advertising on public broadcast media. It does not apply to private television advertising. Cigarette advertising is permitted for outdoor, print and other media. A new law to ban advertising is being considered.

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Bicycles in BeUing

T elevision, radio and newspaper advertising is frequently used in health campaigns in China and, since the government controls much of the media, promoting public health through the media is not a problem. However, with hundreds of messages targeted at people every day, getting people to take notice is the issue. A private company in Belling came up with a strategy guaranteed to garner attention by taking something unique to China and capitalizing on it.

Belling has one of the densest bike populations in the world, with I 1 million bikes winding their way around the Chinese capital. Some innovative entrepreneurs saw the bikes as moving billboards and have found several ways to roll out their marketing messages in a highly visible fashion (health advocates could certainly do the same). Solid-wheel bike advertising involves painting both the wheels and the frame of the bike with promotional messages, while the other option is the peleton, a dramatic form of advertising as seen in the following example.

Looking remarkably like refugees from the Tour de France, they have proved to be an arresting sight: 15 riders, suited up in neon-yellow jackets and matching baseball caps, riding 1 5 idunticafl.,ihos)

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Retailer Ai J ia World Furniture is behind the ads, and they have about 100 riders out at any given time. "There are many furniture stores in Beijing now and we had to do something to distinguish ourselves," said Chen Cuili, the company's stylish young advertising director.

uzt's been very effective. It's new and it

¹

s interesting. A lot of customers say they've noticed. "

And hiring the riders is much cheaper than billboards and tele1.1'ision ads.

While obviously a growing media opportunity, bicycles are also a wonderful source of cultural insight into China too, so intrinsic are they to life there. For example, it is said that

Beijing 's latest traffic war between bikes and cars is a perfect illustration of the proverb "the soft and gentle will defeat the hard and obstinate.,{>

• The 360 Degree Brand in Asia. John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd. Copyright (c) 2003. Excerpted with permission of the publisher, John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd. www.wiley.com

CounLr Profile: CHINA

18

Significant statistics

• Population: 1 284 530 000

• Adult literacy rate: 84. 1 0%

Summary of media resources RADIO

• Published under the People's Daily are also ten other newspapers, including the People's Daily Overseas Edition, East China News, South China News, the Health Times, and six monthly magazines.

Summary of advertising restrictions In 1997, there were 417 million radios in China.

⁷ •

There is a range of regulations concerning

language and all advertising must be approved by the Administration for Industry and Commerce.

• The state-controlled Central People's Broadcasting Station (CPBS), together with local radio stations broadcasting at the provincial or equivalent level, serve domestic listeners. •

• Provincial radio stations relay CPBS programme content alongside their own original content.

•

In 1995, there

were

1202

radio stations

•

operating in China.

TELEVISION

In 1997, there were 400 million televisions in China.

⁸

• The China Central Television Service (CCTV) is networked throughout the country.

• There are thousands of registered ground receiving stations in China which provide access to broadcasts

from

Beuing and foreign

•

programmes.

Programme formats available through CCN stations include news, cultural, social and educational programming as entertainment.

NEWSPAPERS

•

•

•

•

Regulations on Control of Advertisements 1987 states that cigarette advertising is banned in all broadcast and print media

.

Cities outside Be Ding do allow some ^{form of}

promotion, with strict guidelines.

For advertising through other media e.g. outdoor

sites,

approval from provincial, autonomous region, municipality, industry and commerce

i<:>

required.

In 1995, a national Advertising Law extended the advertising ban on cigarettes to cinemas and theatres.

An official permit is required for the advertising of alcohol beverages with over 39%alcohol.

There are no other restrictions on alcohol advertising.

Advertising expenditure

• The People's Daily is the official Communist Party

newspaper with a circulation ofJ million. Information nnt fn1

Jnri

http://www.cia.gov/cia¹publications/factbook/~eos/ch.htmllicmum

http:tiwww·.cia.goviciaipublicationslfaclbook¹gcos/ch.hrmi-Fcomm

CIILJOS!f I( lilt' Cil:ilil ICIS Of (ulll!T1UJ IICdtiOri

Health promotion partners ^• The National Health Education Institute

• Chinese Anti-tuberculosis Association The Division of Health Education within the • Xiangya Hospital. Hunan Medical University Ministry of Health is responsible for health • The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences education programmes. This division is reported to Health campaigns

have expertise in designing health campaigns, specifically developing campaigns, through an

•

understanding of the social, cultural and economic backgrounds of target audiences, knowledge of the information needs of target audiences and the

•

major media, and the capacity to evaluate campaigns. Systematic evaluation studies were undertaken for the World No Tobacco Day convention in 2002 and the AIDS conferences in both 2001 and 2002

. This division is also said to •

have skills in designing and producing communication materials and has links with other government and non-government sectors for implementation of campaigns.

In addition, it is reported that the Division of Health Education has specific daily health-focused

•

N/radio programmes and provides experts to liaise with the media on health topics

.

There is a Department of Communication in most provincial • I lealth Education Institutes vvl-tiLI

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ldi-JdUie ur

producing tapes, print materials etc.

Partners engaged specifically in tobacco control communication and advocacy include:

•

• The Chinese Association on Smoking and Health (CASH) (coordinates national smoking • control activities)

• The Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, c/o World Health Organization

• Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, BeDing Medical University

• Division of Health Education, Ministry of Health

• Non-Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health

• WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco Control

March 24, 2002, Tuberculosis Day - major media participated in activities.

April 7, 2002, World Health Day- a large-scale activity themed as 'Move for Health' was held in Xidan Plaza, BeDing. Other activities were held

in major cities around China.

December 1, 2002 - the Congress on Preventing AIDS among children and adolescents was held and broadcast by 18 national public media outlets.

World No Tobacco Day has been celebrated nationally every

year since 1988.

The Rural Farmers Quitting project, organized by the National Health Education Institute, is a smoking cessation programme targeting illiterate, rural farmers.

The Tenth World Conference on Tobacco or Health was held in Be Ding in 1997.

Television and radio commercials and

newspaper advertising are used in these

campaigns

. The Department of Propaganda is

also involved as a key stakeholder in these

campaigns.

. - - ~

Radio Station , Fr~~i"i~enc::y· Reach : - --~~ Address

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Facsimile No.

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CNR - China National Radio

I_ ' -

Television Station ~ ^-·

China Central Television

CCTV 1.

CCTV2

CCTV3

Operates several national, regional and international services.

The China Central Television Service is networked throughout the country by a variety of means, including satellite. The are thousands of registered ground receiving stations in China which, as well as providing access to broadcasts from Beijing, enable some users to watch foreign programmes.

News and general information

Programming on cultural, social, educational and economic matters.

General entertainment.

Ministry of Radio, Film and Television Address: 2

Fuxingmenwai Dajie, Beijing 1 00866

Address:11 Fuxing Road Beijing, China(1 00859)

(+86)(10) (+86)(10) 6851-3409 6851-2174

webmaste r@mail.cct v.com

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Newspaper Circulation : Information Ai:id?ess :;

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^{1 Tel No}

f~c~j~~~

Email address

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People's Daily 3million Official Communist Party newspaper. Published under the People's Daily are also ten other newspapers including People's Daily Overseas Edition, East China News, South China News, Market Daily, International Financial Daily, Jiangnan Times, Global Times,

Securities Times, Health Times, Satire and Humour and six monthly magazines including The Earth, News Front, Listed Companies, Times Trend, People Forum.

Jintaixi Road #2, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100733, People's Republic of China

085-90- 65092993

086-010- 65092893

rmrb@peopledaily.com.cn ( ]

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Contacts

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Chinese Academy of Preventive c/o World Health Organization

Medicine Avenue Appia 20

Geneva,- SWITZERLAND CH-1211 Institute of Child and Adolescent Health Institute of Child and Adolescent Health Beijing Medica University Beijing Medical University

Beijing 100083 China Division of Heclth Education Division of Health Education Ministry of Health Ministry of Health

1, Nanlu, Xizhimenwai, Xicheng District Beijing 1 00044

CHINA

Xiangya Hospital Xiangya Hospital

Hunan Medical University Hunan Medical University Xiangya Road

Changsha, Hunan 410008, CHINA Ministry of Health Ministry of Health

Non-Communicable Disease Non-Communicable Disease Control

Control No. 44, Houhai Beiyan, Xicheng District

Beijing 100725, CHINA

WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco WHO Collaborating Centre for Tobacco

and Health and Health

No. 8 Baijaiazhuang Road Chaoyang District Beijing 1 00020 CHINA

National Health Education Institute National Health Education Institute Building 12, Block 1 Building 12, Block 1

Anhuaxili Anhuaxili

Beijing 100011 Beijing 100011

CHINA CHINA

Chinese Anti-tuberculosis Chinese Anti-tuberculosis Association

Association Xin-Jie-Kou, 5 dong-Guang Hu-Tong

Beijing 100035, CHINA

Chinese Association on Smoking and Chinese Association on Smoking and

Health Health

Building 12, District 1, Anhauxi li Chaoyang District

Beijing 100011, CHINA Ministry of Education

Tel No

~ ~c~ iin!l~-

Email address

- ! ' I~··

(41-22)7913234 (41-22) 791 4832 gonghuany@who.ch

(86-1 0) 6209 1524 (86-1 0) 6209 1178

(86-10) 6879 2325 (86-10) 6879 2323 houps@mx.cei.gov.cn, houps@chsi.moh.gov.cn

(86-731) 432 7016 (86-731) 432 7332 xyzlgq@public.cs.hn.cn

(86-10)64015623 (86-10) 6403 3122 ned 1 @40p.capm.ac.cn

(86-1 0) 500 7755 (86-10) 500 5359

(86-10) 6426 655 (86-10) 6426 6557 xuefengren@hotmail.com

(86-10) 6225 2651 (86-1 0) 6225 2648 tbcenter@public.bta.net.cn

(86-10) 6428 3540 (86-10) 6426 0978 cash@mx.cei.gov.cn

http://www. moe .ed u .en/

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Advertising Restrictions General

All measureme1ts must be in the metric system. Joint venture products must be identified.

All voice-overs must be in Mandarin, however local dialects are accepted on some local/ terrestrial media.

Cantonese is a:::cepted in Guangzhou and Guangdong provinces.

Advertising to children is allowed.

English and Chinese ( Mandarin) languages can be used in commercials.

All advertising must be approved - consent from the Administration for Industry and Commerce must be obtained.

There are some restrictions on Internet advertising and the advertising of products in certain places and settings.

Regulations Concerning Alcohol Advertising Beverages I Alcohol

Drinks with over 39% alcohol must obtain official permit. There are no other restrictions on the advertising of alcohol products.

Regulations Concerning Tobacco Advertising Cigarettes

Advertising is banned in all broadcast and print media. However, cities outside Beijing do allow some form of promotion, within strict guidelines.

For tobacco advertising through other media, approval from provincial, autonomous region, municipality, industry and commerce is required.

In 1995, a national Advertising Law extended the advertising ban to waiting rooms, cinemas and theatres, meeting rooms and sports stadiums, etc.

Indirect advertising of tobacco products is reported to be still practiced in some places.

There are no restrictions on Internet advertising.

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Sports stars against smoking

T here are many avenues to promote health in Flli: the literacy rate is high; television reaches 80% of the population; and there is one radio in the country for every J . 5 people . However, Fllians have more in common than being accessible: they have a passion for sports, with netball being one of the country's favourite games. In fact, sports fans pacl<ed the stadium in Suva to watch Flli scoop up the gold medal for netball in the 2003 South Pacific Games. High school teams are also popular among Fllians, especially among the country's teenagers and that's why Flli's National Centre for Health Promotion uses high school teams in its anti-smol<ing campaigns.

The National Centre for Health Promotion has devised the uwinners don't smoke. Be smart, don't start" anti-smoking campaign, using Fiji's winning relay and netball secondary school teams. The catchy phrase is now known by younf{ children, teena?,ers and adults alike. Anti-smokinf!, posters, featurinf{

the winning teams, are posted around campuses and community centres and the teams have even made it on to phone cards. In a survey of teenagers, the phone cards and posters have rated well. The Centre has also created television mini- drama anti-smoking advertisements with a sports theme.

⁹

'' http://globalcd.ausaid.gov.au/sccondary/cascstudlfiji/llfiji.html

Countr Profile: FIJI

26

Significant statistics

• Population: 821 000

• Adult literacy rate: 92.90%

Summary of media resources RADIO

In 1999, there were 541 476 radios in FDi.'⁰

• The FUi Broadcasting Commission is a government -funded body that broadcasts a fully commercial service on three radio stations FDi

1

Fiji

7

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J/.1 FM. Thf.Sf. stntions broadcast in English, FUian and Hindi.

TELEVISION

In 1999, there were 88 11 0 televisions in Flli. ¹¹

restrictions) in newspapers, magazines and other media.

Advertising expenditure

Information not found.

Health promotion partners

The National Anti-Smol<ing Society of Flli was established in 1991 in conjunction with the Ministry of Health and other voluntary organizations.

Partners enqaqed specifically in tobacco control communication and advocacy include:

• National Center for Health Promotion, Ministry of Health

•

Flli Cancer Society

•

FDi Council of Social Services

•

The Government has established a television • station (Flli 1 Television). It is estimated that Flli 1

The National Anti-Smoking Society of FDi, c/o Flli School of Medicine

Suvasavu Hospital (Ministry of Health) Ftii School of Medicine (Public Health) reaches 80% of the population.

• There are also three pay television channels operating.

NEWSPAPERS

• There are three main privately owned newspapers published daily in English.

• The Flli Times has the highest circulation, with figures of over 27 000 people.

• A number of smaller publications are also published in FUian and Hindi.

Summary of advertising restrictions

• Advertising of cigarettes is banned on radio, but allowed (with some voluntcHy

10 http://www.cia.gov/cia!publications/factbook/geos/fj.html#comm

11 http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/fj.html#comm

• •

Tobacco control campaigns

World No Tobacco Day is celebrated each year.

Radio St3tion Frequency Reach

-~ lnforma:i~n

^Address

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Fiji One Radio FM

100.0 Radio FM 98.0 Fiji Two

Radio FM 102.0 Fm96 Bula 100FM

Bula 98FM

Bula 102FM

Radio FM96

Television Sta:ion · ·

Fiji 1

Sky Fiji

Language - Fijian Targets adult audiences aged 25 years and over

Commercial radio station Broadcasts 24 hrs/day in English

Free to air station Reaches more than 80% of the pop.

3 pay television channels - Sky Plus, Sky Entertainment and Sky Sport

Fiji Broadcasting Corporation Ltd Box 334, Suva Fiji Fiji Broadcasting Corporation Ltd Box 334, Suva Fiji Fiji Broadcasting Corporation Ltd Box 334, Suva Fiji Fiji Broadcasting Corporation Ltd Box 334, Suva Fiji Fiji Broadcasting Corporation Ltd Box 334, Suva Fiji

Fiji Television 20 Gorrie Street Suva PO Box 2442, Government Buildings, Suva Fiji Television 20 Gorrie Street Suva PO Box 2442, Government Buildings, Suva

(679) 3 314 333

(679) 3 314 333

(679) 3 314 333

(679) 3 314 333

(679) 3 314 333

(679) 3 305100

(679) 3 305100

(679) 3 301 643

(679) 3 301 643

(679) 3 301 643

(679) 3 301 643

(679) 3 301 643

(679) 3 305 077

(679) 3 305 077

fbl@is.co m.fj

fbl@is.co m.fj

fbl@is.co m.fj

fbl@is.co m.fj

fbl@is.co m.fj

www.fijitv.c om.fj

www.fijitv.c om.fj

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Add~ss

^{- Tel No} Facsimile No. Email address

(approx) __

Fiji Times 27,124 Mon-Fri fijitimes@is.com.fj

Daily Post 12,000 Mon-Fri www.fijipost.com

Fiji Sun 10,000 Mon-Fri 12, Amra Street, (679) 3 (679) 3 news@sun.com.fj

Walu Bay, Suva, 07555 11455 Fiji Private Mail

Bag, Suva, Fiji

Fiji Sun 26,000 Weekend 12, Amra Street, (679) 3 (679) 3 news@sun.com fj

Walu Bay, Suva, 07555 11455 Fiji Private Mail

Bag, Suva, Fiji

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Contacts Tel No

National Center for Health Promotion National Center for Health Promotion (679) 320 844

Ministry of Health Ministry of Health

P.O. Box 2223 Government Buildings Suva

FIJI ISLANDS

Fiji Cancer Society Fiji Cancer Society (679)311960

G.P.O. Box 16660 FCOSS Building Suva

FIJI ISLANDS

Fiji Council of Social Services Fiji Council of Social Services Tel: (679) 312 649 G.P.O. Box 13476

Suva

FIJI ISLANDS

National Anti-~moking Society of Fiji National Anti-Smoking Society of Fiji (679) 311 700, 302

{NASSOF) (NASSOF) 080

c/o Fiji School of Medicine Private Mail Bag

Suva

FIJI ISLANDS

Suvasavu Hos:>ital (Ministry of Health) Suvasavu Hospital (Ministry of Health) (679) .350 440 P.O. Box230

Suva

FIJI ISLANDS

Fiji School of l\.1edicine (Public Fiji School of Medicine (Public Health) (679) 311 700

Health) Private Mail Bag

Suva

FIJI ISLANDS

Advertising Restrictions General

Advertising is permitted in local press, radio and cinema

Regulations~o~cerning Alcohol Advertising Information not found

Email address

(679) 320 746 mcornelius@health.gov.fj

(679) 303 232

(679) 302 936 FCOSS@is.com.fj

(679) 303 469

(679) 880 831 nerlinap@hotmail.com

(679) 303 469 david-p@fsm.ac.fj

Regulations Concerning Tobacco Advertising Advertising of cigarettes is banned on radio but permitted (with some voluntary restrictions) in newspapers, magazines and other media.

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Significant statistics

• Population: 5 377 000

• Adult literacy rate: 68.50%

Summary of media resources RADIO

In 1997, there were 730 000 radios in the Lao People's Democratic Republic.

¹³

• The state-run radio broadcaster; Lao National

• In Oct 1998, the following restrictions were introduced

:

•

,. No large outdoor advertising billboards in Vientiane;

,. No Marlboro or 555 umbrellas permitted in sidewalk cafes or small signs at places of cigarette sales.'⁵

There are no bans on alcohol advertising . Advertising expendtture

Radio, provides broadcasts through a number Information not found.

of provincial outlets.

• Radio Free Asia (RFA) is a private, non-profit corporation broadcasting news and information in nine languages to listeners in Asia who do not have access to full and free news media.

TELEVISION

In 1997, there were 52 000 televisions in Laos.'

⁴

•

There is one television station which is state run (Laos National Television).

NEWSPAPERS

Health promotion partners

•

•

The Government has established a National Policy on Tobacco Control, responsible for the public education programme

.

The CDC/WHO Collaborating Centre for Smoking and Health works with other multilateral organizations on planning and evaluating national plans of action for tobacco control.

Partners engaged specifically in tobacco control communication and advocacy include:

• The main Lao-language dailies are the Pasason • and the Vientiane Mai.

Research and Training Division, Ministry of Health

• The Vientiane Times is a biweekly English- •

Gender Resource Information and Development Centre

language newspaper. • Food and Drug Commission, Ministry of Health School of Public Health

Summary of advertising restrictions

• Overseas commercials are allowed .

• • Department of Hygiene and prevention, Ministry of Health

• Centre for Information and Education for Health, Ministry of Health

• A 1994 Regulation bans direct tobacco • Lao Women's Union

Jdvertising on Jll mediJ Jnd on Jll billboards. • Adventist flevelnrmfnt ;:mrJ Rfliff Agency

illl[l 1 \ \ ' ' l dO\ c c1 pll¹1 IL I (I ,ic b< u :c. ' J i't I " ' 1

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• National Anti-tuberculosis Centre, Ministry of Health

Tobacco control campaigns

• Since 1 990, the Lao People's Democratic Republic has celebrated World No Tobacco Day annually.

• Additionally, anti-tobacco posters have been produced, and there are occasional anti- smoking health messages on television.

• World No Tobacco Day activities in 1 998 included a min-marathon, distribution of T-

"hirts, and the Ministry of Health commissioning the Centre of Information and Education for Health (CIEH) to develop a National Plan on Tobacco Control.

Choosing the Channels of Communrcauon

~,.,-~~ ~ - - -

Radio Station

f:'reqliifl')cy

^{1 Location} Information Address Tel No Facsimile Email

-~-___ : _ No. address

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Lao National Radio Luang Prabang

Lao National Radio Luang Prabang Lao National Radio Luang Prabang

Lao National Radio Pakse

Lao National Radio Pakse

Lao National Radio Houa Phan Lao National Radio Houa Phan Lao National Radio Savannakhet Lao National Radio National

Lao National Radio Vientiane

Lao International

750kHz

104

97.2

1370kHz

100.0MHz

4661 kHz

102.75 Mhz

585kHz

576kHz

702kHz

1030kHz

Luang Prabang

Luang Prabang

Location: Muang Khong Don Khong Island Siphandon Champassak Province Pakse

Pakse

Sam Neua, Houa Phan Province Sam Neua, Houa Phan Province Savannakhet

Vientiane

Vientiane

Vientiane

In 1995, it was estimated that there were 112 radio receivers per 1 000 inhabitants

State-run radio (Lao National Radio).

Radio Free Asia (RFA) covering local news is a private, non-profit corporation broadcasting news and information in nine languages to listeners in Asia who do not have access to full and free news media.

cl- Lao National Radio Phangkham Street PO Box 31 0 Vientiane Lao People's Democratic Republic

+856 21 212429, 212431, 212432

+856 21 212430

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^{Tel No}

Facsimil~~ ~ ~-

^{... '} Email address

Lao National

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n/a State-run TV Low but increasing penetration of television receivers with nine receivers per 1 000 inhabitants.

Laos Nat onal Television

Phangkham Street PO Box ::-10 Vientiane Lao People's Democra:ic Republic

+856 21 212429, 212431,21243

+856 21 212430

Newspaper ¹ Circ~latio~ -,,

111:::: _ . . ..

Vientiane Times n/a Language - English Published biweekly Pangkharr Rd, PO.Box: 5723 Vientiane. Lao People's Democra1ic Republic

(856-21) (856-21) 216364,251619 216365

natradio@laonet.net

info@vientianetimes.gov.l

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Contacts - - - -Add-r~~~t--"~ ^{- - • -' Tel No} Facsimile No. Email address

Research and Training Division Ministry of Health

Center for lnfcxmation & Education for Health

Gender ResoLrce Information and Development Center

Food and Drug Commission Ministry of Health

Department of Hygiene and Prevention Ministry of Health

Center for Information & Education for Health

Ministry of Health

Lao Women's Union

Adventist Development and Relief Agency

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Research and Training Division Ministry of Health

Center for Information & Education for Health

P.O. Box 9806, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic

Gender Resource Information and Development Center

Food and Drug Commission Ministry of Health

Vientiane

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Department of Hygiene and Prevention Ministry of Health

Vientiane

Lao People's Democratic Republic Center for Information & Education for Health

Ministry of Health Vientiane

Lao People's Democratic Republic

(856-21) 21 4309

(856-21) 21 4010

(856-21) 21 4039

(856-21) 21 4306, 41 6343

Advertising Restrictions General

Overseas commercials are allowed. However, with the low literacy rate in English, Lao dubbing would be accepted. Thai is understood widely and could be used as an alternative.

Regula_!i~ns C~ncerning Alcohol Advertising Beverages I Alcohol

Advertising is allowed.

(856-21) 22 3723

(856-21) 22 3723

(856-21) 22 3723

grid@pan-laos.net.la

adralaos@laonet.net markaway@email.com

Regulations Concerning Tobacco Advertising Cigarettes

A 1994 regulation bans tobacco advertising on all media and free distribution of gifts by tobacco companies.

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