Etalonnages de l'instrument EPIC<br /> du satellite XMM-Newton<br />Observations d'Amas de Galaxies<br /> en rayons-X
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(91) / DFJ Þ D @ DFH6ÿ L Ý . ç2é é6ë íô ì ô4ù éuöGê ø è ö í ý ô ì+ê. Ú ð ä9å û EQRkö N DvEQRmÙ ?cS RU KBD D X DFE V Ù V E X DUT VYSqV à R'DFE Ú ð ð
(92) Ù\RmEQEQR'ÝR'J BD Ú ð Ú , N Ù\RmH L EQR'J 7BD Ú ð Ü O EGD @ Ý V OcS DFE IBD SqV R @ DFÙDFHkJ Ú ð þ O EGD @ Ý V OcS DFE N à X D ? å L J L HAE Ú ð ú O EGD @ Ý V OcS DFE OA@ R SmSqV HcæD X DvE NC@?òîV æD Ú ð ó O EGD @ Ý V OcS DFE E ? DIJ @ D Ú ð õ ê LY@Q? å LPS'L T R'D RmE L JQåCD @ Ù VYS R'J BD Ú ð ñ ê LY@Q? å LPS'L T R'D E ? å BD @ RqR'J BD Ú ð Ø ê LY@Q? å LPS'L T R'D @BD ö N R S R OC@ D T @WV ÝR'J V JQR L HAHCD S DKJJåCD @ Ù LXBû H V Ù\Rkö N D Ú ð ðK× ê LY@Q? å LPS'L T R'D ã Ù LX D ç S D Ú ð ðrð ê LY@Q? å LPS'L T R'D X DFHAEQR'J BD ?A@GL ²DKJ KBD D Ú Ú
(93) SFBD ÙDFHkJQE X D Ù LXËBD S RmE V JQR L H ?ASmN EP cHCD Ú Ú ð ÞªL EQÙ LPS'L T R'D Ú Ú Ú V R'DIE X IBD ÙRmEEQR L H Ú Ú Ü ?MLX RmE V JR L H Ú Ú þ
(94) / DFJQEJQåCD @ Ù\kR ö N DIE . Ý å ý Ø. ðKÜ ðKÜ ðþ ð ó. ðõ ð ñ ð ñ ðKØ ðKØ ðKØ. Ú ×. Úð. . Úþ Úþ. Ú&ó Ú&ó. ÚCõ ÚCõ ÚCõ Ú&ñ Ú&ñ Ú Ø. ÜBð ÜBð ÜYÜ ÜYÜ Ü+þ Ü+þ. ÜCú.
(95) ïí ý Ö !× " £öûí÷õ'ê ô. Þ6Þ. à GÖ ÜDÜ äVà Ö$#&%'%"(*),+.- Þ ß0/ ì ý é-ëWí í ì ô êoîGé6ë í é ø í ùvô ì+ö ô.
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(97) . Ü ð ·Þ L HkJGD à JQDvER'DFHkJRU Lö N D Ü Ú E ? DIJQE LP?BD @WV JQR L HAHCD S E Ü Ú ð , TPDFHcæD Ö ?rV JQR VYS D
(98) NC@GLP?KBD DFHAHCD Ü Ú Ú ,aD ?A@QL T @WV Ù\ÙD21 4365s 87:9.9.9 Ü Ú Ü ,aDv L HAE LP@ JQR N Ö Ù ü ý\ý_þwÿ ç ô ê í öGêësì ò ô ö¿ësê ù è ü ý\ý_þwÿ þ ð BD S DFE LY? DFE ` þ Ú Ù V TPD @ R'D ` þ Ú ð !>?3YA@uP #CB6 $*DFERGE%4D"H3YJIZV!#$% þ Ú Ú !#$% EQDFÙ\R 㨠L H XAN æJQD NC@ Vç L à ûX DvÙ KBD J VYSmS Rkö N D
(99) =ýLK_3 þ Ú Ü !#$% EQDFÙ\R 㨠L H XAN æJQD NC@ V ç L HcæJQR L HAE @÷ þ Ú þ !#$% Ù LX DFE X D òtL HcæJR L HAHCDFÙDFHkJ þ Ú ú !#$% S J @ DIE X D ?A@QL JQDIæJR L H þ Ú ó KM@¿w÷`{ý u¦43 NK;ý þ Ü Ö ? DIJ @QL E LP? R'D þ Ü ð O¾QP¾D÷o SRT3YRGE3U@uD÷oQ3Y4D .VH3 VOWRa3 þ Ü Ú !#$%DFHc LP@ D @l þ Ü Ü !#$% @ DI L HAEGJ @QN æJR L H X D S IBD HD @ T R'D þ Ü þ !#$% Ù L JR ò E X DIE KBD Ý IBD HDIÙDIH JE þ Ü ú !#$% @ D X RmEGJ @ R OcN JR L HE ? DIæJ @WV S D . ;. X à × Ü áaß7ß ×ZY2Ö[!×Û\! á Ü < ç ô õGé:ö[` ù è ô êoêoé í êê.ð¡ö[`+ïvìí:ëWìí÷ö. Þ6Þ6Þ. ú ð O ²DIJQR ò EËDKJ ? D @aòtLY@ Ù V HADFEH IBD DFEQE V R @ DFE ú ð ð DFH X DFÙDFHkJRö NAV HkJRkö N D ú ð Ú ëgR S J @ DFEËDKJ BD S DIJ @QL HCRkö N D ú ð Ü Þ å V Ù ?X DUÝ N D ú ð þ BD SqV RmE ú Ú , KBD J V J X D S V @ J X DIE%E L NC@ æDIE X Dvå V N JQDFE FBD HCD @ T R'DFE ú Ú ð NO DFEGã ú Ú Ú HAHCD VYN à E û HcWå @QL J @QL H ú Ú Ü ,g Ö
(100) · E ú Ü D S V!@ J X DvEGD @WV ?A?C@QL WåCD @%X N HCD E L N@ æDvR XËBD VYS D ú Ü ð ,aD SqV OMLP@V J L R @ DUE û HA å @QL J @QL H XAN ,
(101) ú Ü Ú , V Ö J V JR L H X
(102) J VYS'L HAH V TPD X D S n Ö ú Ü Ü , VS R'T HCD Ö Þ ú Ü þ , VS R'T HCD Þ ú Ü ú ,aD ê évÖ
(103) ú Ü ó ,aDFE XÓKBD JQDIæJQD NC@ E V O E L SmN E ú Ü õ , VXò DFHkJQD Ý V @ R V OAS D ú Ü ñ BD cHCR'JR L H X D SqV?A@GL BD XANC@ D X KBD J V S'L HAH V TYD ú þ ,aDFE S RmÙ\R'JQDFE @ DFHc L HkJ @AFBD DFEÓDKJ S DFEE L SmN JR L HAE V ?C?MLP@ J KBD DFE ú þ ð , L TPRmEQJQRkö N D ú þ Ú ë L HcæJR L HAHCDFÙDFHkJ XAN)ê éUÖ
(104) DKJ XAN)ê Þ
(105) ú þ Ü Ö J V O R S R'J BD XCNeîò V RmEæD VYN . Ý å : ý. ÜPØ. þk× þk×. þ9ð þ9ð. ;=<. þ(ó þ(ñ þ(ñ þkØ. úY× Bú ð úYÜ. ú+þ ú+þ úCú úró úró ú+õ úrñ. ]_^ ab. óPÜ. óPÜ ó þ ó+ú ó+ú ó+ú ó+ú óCó óCó óCó ó(õ õ × Yõ Ú Yõ Ú õ Ü õrú õCõ õCõ. ñP× ñP× ñLð ñ Ú.
(106)
(107) ç
(108) ú þ ú þ ú þ. þ ( L Ù L T FBD H FBD R'J BD XAN}òîV RmED VYN ú ,aD ? R S'L J V TPD RmH òtLP@ Ù V JRkö N D ó ? JRmÙ\RmE V JQR L H XAN VYS DFH X@ R'D @ @ JQRq S D Fð ØYØPØAþ Þ Ö þcÜPÚ+õIã ? O þ9õ ×Lð @ JQRq S D Fð ØYØPØAþD à J @V R'J XCN ý >:.McÇ ed !$%)%gfsùh9 . a ô ú ê òGø ësé6ësê ùvô ê ô ú ëWé ø í÷öGövé-ü ô ê é ò ê.í ø. ó ð , V OrV EGD X D XCL HAH KBD DFE
(109) ; ÞÞ ó ð ð ëgRq åCR'D @ EP Ö Þ ? ó ð Ú ëgRq åCR'D @ E O RmH V R @ DFE ó ð Ü ëgRq åCR'D @ E VYN J @ DFE ó Ú êKBD Jå LX DIE X V H VYSUû EGD ó Ú ð ä L EGJGã E û HA å @QL HARmE V JQR L H X DFE XL HAH FBD DFE X KBD J VYS'L HCH V TPD ó Ú Ú ÞªL SmS DIæJR L H X DFE%RmH òtLP@ Ù V JQR L HAE ó Ú Ü ÞªL Ù ?rV @WV RmE L H X DFERmH tò LP@ Ù V JR L HAE FBD HCD @ T R'D XCN}îò V RmEæD V N ó Ú þ ÞªL Ù ?rV @WV RmE L H X DFERmH òtLP@ Ù V JR L HAE ö NcVYS R'J BD XANeòîV RmEWæD VYN ó Ú ú ÞªL Ù ?rV @WV RmE L H X DFERmH tò LP@ Ù V JR L HAE T BD L Ù KBD J @ R'D XAN}îò V RmEæD VYN ó Ü DFH X DIÙDIH JRö NcV HkJQRkö N D ó Ü ð BD c HAR'JR L H XAN@ DFH X DFÙDFHkJö NcV HkJQRkö N D ó Ü Ú ÞËVYS NASXAN@ DFH X DFÙDFHkJRö NcV HkJRkö N D ó þ N J @ DFE @CFBD E NAS J V JQE X DIE FBD J VYS'L HAH V TPDFE V N E L S ó þ ð @WV HCEÙRmEEQR L H X DIEP S J @ DFE7!#$% ó þ Ú j0ka.c X DFE Þ%Þ !#$% ó þ Ü BD ?ML HAEGDvE ? DIæJ @VYS D þDFl| V KR'J BD X DvJ @WV HCE ò D @ JDFJ%Ù L JQR ò E ó ú á R SqV HÿT IBD H BD @WVYS"X DFE KBD J VYS'L HAH V TPDFE VYN E L S ó ú ð m NcVYS RU r V JQR L H X DFE V Ù BD @WV E @AFBD E NAS J V JE ó ú Ú m NcVYS RUr V JQR L H XANOrV Hc X DvJQDFEGJ OcV @Q@ DIE X D @G@ D NC@ E ó ú Ü m NcVYS RU r V JQR L H X D SqV?A@GL BD XANC@ DW X Rl NAS J FBD E @ DIHA L HkJ @CKBD DFE @ JQRq S D ÚY×Y×P×Aþ êê ã Ö Þ ã Þ ,aã< ã¨×P×Y×(õ @ JQRq S D ÚY×Y×P×Aþ êê ã Ö Þ ã Þ ,aã< ã¨×P×Y×Cñ @ JQRq S D ÚY×Y×P×Aþ Ö ä ¨
(110) þ6þqFð ÜCAñ þLú+õ . Þ.n. o Ù! Ö Ó:p × àuäJá_ß !Ö ß Ó ×Mq á_ß !.r4s. v ®ëWé ø í÷öGövéuü ô ê ô ö ý í ø. õ ð , cV òtL HcæJR L H X DUJ @V HAE ò D @ J X DFEJ BD S DIE LP? DFE õ ð ð Ö û EGJFDFç ÙDFE X D LkLP@XCL HAH KBD DFEËDKJ òtLP@ Ù VYS RmEQÙD õ ð Ú ,aDIEÙ\R @QL R @ E õ ð Ü ,aDIE @AIBD EGD VYN à OWR25 õ ð þ ,aDIEG S J @ DFE õ ð ú ,aDIE% V Ù BD @V E õ ð ó á R SqV H X D SqV Wå VIì HCD LP? JRkö N D õ Ú , FBD J V J X D S V @ J X DFE ? D @atò LY@ Ù V HADFE õ Ú ð Ö NC@?îò V æDUDxl V æD õ Ú Ú R'T HDFJGJ V TYD õ Ú Ü ä Ö ë ` õ Ú þ @WV HCEÙRmEEQR L H X DIEP S J @ DFE õ Ú ú ( L Ù L T FBD H FBD R'J BD õ Ú ó DFH X DIÙDIH JRö NcV HkJQRkö N D õ Ú õ êV J @ RqæD X D @CBD ?ML HAEGD . ïý ñCú ñ+õ ØBð ØCú ðF×Lð. æGi:ý. ðF×PØ ðF×PØ ðCFð × ðCFð × ðCFð × ðCðCð ðCFð Ü ðCð ú ðCð@ó ðIÚYÜ ðIÚCú ðIÚCú ðIÚró ðFÜ Ú ðFÜ+ú ðFÜ+ú ðFÜPØ ðFÜPØ ðFÜPØ. ðFÜPØ ð.þ0þ ð.þõ ð Yú Ø ð4 õ Ü. ^[tu æGw v. ð@ñ(õ ð@ñ(õ ð@ñCñ ð@Pñ Ø ðFØP× ðFØP× ðFØPÜ ðFØPÜ ðFØPÜ ðFØPÜ. ðFØ þ ðFØ þ ðFØCó ðFØCó ðFØ(õ.
(111)
(112) ç
(113) . ïýí õ Ú ñ õ Ü á @N R'J õ Ü ð õ Ü Ú õ Ü Ü. XD ë. ë. ë. N J @ DFE BD SIBD ÙDIH JE òtL H X L H XX D å VYN JQDFE FBD HCD @ T R'DFE L H X RmHCEQJ @N ÙDIH J VYS L H X T VYSqV æJRkö N D DKJD à J @V T VYSqV JQRkö N D . w övé ø ð¡ê ôùvô ê ù í÷öGö ôÇú ô ê. ñ ð
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