Data Lakes Technologies and It's Significant Implementations

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To cite this version:

Singh Ajit, Sultan Ahmad. Data Lakes Technologies and It’s Significant Implementations. MOL2NET

2021, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 7th edition session USEDAT-07: USA-

Europe Data Analysis Training Program Workshop, Cambridge, UK-Bilbao, Spain-Miami, USA, 2021,

Jun 2021, Basel, Switzerland. �hal-03261762�

MDPI ^{MOL2NET,I nt er nat i onalConf} Sci ^er ences ^{enceSer i esonMul t i di sci pl i nar y} MOL2NET2021,I nt er nat i onalConf er enceonMul t i di sci pl i nar y

Sci ences,7t hedi t i on

Dat aLakesTechnol ogi esandI t ' sSi gni fi cantI mpl ement at i ons Aj i tSi ngh

,Sul tanAhmad

a

Pat naWomen' sCol l ege,Patna,I ndi a

b

Col l egeofComput erEngi neeri ngandSci ences,SaudiArabi a.

. Abst r act : Thi sexpl or at or yr e sear chofdat al akesi nbi gdat at i mesi sapr omi nentt opi c forbot hacademi aandi ndust r y.Oneoft hemai nmot i vat i onsbehi ndi st hatcompani es needt ocopewi t hmor edat at haneverbefor e,andt hepr obl emsofhowt oanal yzeeven how t ost or edat aar ebecomi ngmor eandmor echal l engi ngi nmanyi ndust r i es.The occur r enceoft heconceptofadat al aket omeetsuchbi gdat apr obl emsi senl i ght eni ng andwi l lmostl i kel ybeconsi der edi nanyr el evantbi gdat ast r at egy.Thi si deai sst i l lont he wayt opr ovei t sel foutandi nevi t abl yi tgi vesr i set omuchat t ent i onaswel lasmuch cr i t i ci sm.Lucki l y,mor eandmor eposi t i vevoi cest owar dsdat al akesar eemer gi ngand gi vehi ghl yappr eci at i ont ot heconceptandevenpr oposesomewor kabl eandi nnovat i ve suggest i onst omakei mpr ovementt ot hepr act i cali mpl ement at i on.Thi sst udyi nt r oduced basi c backgr ound i nf or mat i on ofdat a l ake i mpl ement at i on and can gi ve val uabl e suggest i onsandi nsi ght st opr act i t i oner s.Aft erpr esent i ngandsummar i zi ngmostoft he popul ari mpl ement at i onofdat al akesf r om dat apr of essi onal s,t hr eedi f f er entappr oaches wer ei nt r oduced.Al loft heseappr oacheshavebot hadvant agesanddi sadvant ages,and compani esneedt oconsi dert hei rownbusi nessneedsandr equi r ement st omakeawi se choi ce.

Keywor ds:Dat aLake,I mpl ement at i on,Hadooo,Dat aVi r t ual i zat i on

I nt r oduct i on

Asbi gdat ai schangi ngpeopl e’ sl i fei nevenever yaspectmor edi sr upt i vel yt hanever

bef or e,compani esar eal soi nevi t abl yget t i ngmor eandmor ei nvol vedwi t hbi gdat a

chal l enges.Theyar eexper i enci ngpr essur eofhandl i ngvar i ousi ncr edi bl yi ncr easi ng

amount sofdat a,unst r uct ur edandsemi - st r uct ur ed,i nt egr at i onwi t hl egacydat a,and

t hemosti mpor t antt hi ng,wi t hwhatt hei rdat ameansforbusi nessandhowt heycan

managet ousemor eef fi ci ent l yandef fect i vel y.

Fi gur e1:Dat aLakeAr chi t ect ur e

Ont heonehand,j ustasMr .Bi l lSchmar zo,t heCTO ofEMC

,ment i onedi nan i nt er vi ew

t hat ,peopl ear ebr i ngi ngal lki ndsofbi gdat at echnol ogi esi nt o t hei r compani esandt henj ustwai tt her ef ormagi ct ohappen.Butt her eal i t yi sal most negat i vefort hem.Compani est endt ohaveami sunder st andi ngi nt hesenset hatnew t echnol ogi esst andforadvant ages,compet enceandval ue.However ,aswecansee fr om t hesur veyr esul t s,al t houghcompani esar ei ndeedset t i ngoutt ogetpr epar edfor bi g dat a chal l enges,t her esul t sdo notnecessar i l ygo t o whatexact l yt heyar e expect i ngf or .

Ont heot herhand,numer ouski ndsoft echnol ogi esar eavai l abl ef oranyonet ochoose, wi t hdi f fer entf eat ur esandadvant ages,whet herfr eeorcommer ci al .Act ual l y,some compani esar esuf fer i ngf r om t oomanyopt i onst ochoosefr om andar enotsur ei ft hey cancomeupwi t hacost - eff ect i vepl anornot .Cur r ent l y,t her ear esever alvendor s of fer i ngdat al ake–r el at edcommer ci alpr oduct sandser vi ces,suchasPi vot al .What ’ s mor e,t her ei snotyetanygui del i neavai l abl efordat al akespr act i t i oner st ocar r youta dat al akeont hei rown.

Thr eeAppr oaches

I nt hi sr esear ch,t hr eeappr oachest ogetadat al akei nanent er pr i sear epr oposedand br i efl yi nt r oduced,ai mi ngatgi vi ngsomehi nt sf orpr act i t i oner swher et ost ar tt ot hi nki f t heywantt obr i ngi nadat al ake.Thei deasoft heset hr eemet hodshavebeen di scussedwi t hexper t ssuchasDr .Fl or i anNeukar t .

Compani esmayi mpl ementadat al ake,

✓vi adat avi r t ual i zat i on;

✓compl et el ydependonHadoop;

✓ t hr oughcombi nat i onofhet er ogeneousdat asour cesei t heropt i mi zedfor st or i ngandpr ocessi ngunst r uct ur eddat a( documentst or es,keyval uest or es) andst r uct ur eddat a( t r adi t i onalr el at i onaldat abases) .

Dat al akesar euni quei nawayt hatt heycanst or eandpr ocessbot hunst r uct ur edand

wel l - st r uct ur eddat asmoot hl y,unl i ket r adi t i onaldat abaset echnol ogi es.

Dat aVi rt ual i zat i on

Thebasi ci deaofdat avi r t ual i zat i oni spul l i ngt oget herdat awi t houtconsol i dat i ngi ti n acent r aldat awar ehousephysi cal l y.I nst ead,anabst r actvi r t ualdat al ayeri scr eat edi n or dert oconnectdi st r i but eddat afr om di spar at esour cesasi fi ti sst or edi nonecent r al commonpl ace.Obvi ousl y,t heor i gi naldat ar emai nswher ei ti sandt her ei snophysi cal t r anspor tofdat aatal l ,whi l edat ai svi r t ual l yconnect edt oget hert osomeext ent .

Fi gur e2:Dat aVi r t ual i zat i on

Wi t hdat avi r t ual i zat i on,compani esnowgetpossi bi l i t i est oputal loft hei rdat a,maybe al lovert hewor l d,i nonevi r t ualpl ace,act i ngl i keanent er pr i sedat al akeact ual l y,wi t h t hehel pofsomedat avi r t ual i zat i ont ool sandt echnol ogi es.Thi smet hodhassever al advant ages.

Asnophysi caldat at r anspor thappens,t her ei shi ghpot ent i ali nsavi ngcost s, suchasforser ver s,mai nt enancecost s,l i censi ngcost sf oraddi t i onaldat a mar t s and DWHs,savi ngs r el at ed t o oper at i ons,et c.Addi t i onal l y,t he i mpl ement at i oni sr el at i vel ypai nl essandi tcangi veor gani zat i onsfastr et ur n oni nvest ment( ROI ),compar edwi t ht het woot herappr oaches.

Thi smet hodcanavoi dr esi st anceofdat aowner shandi ngovert hei rt r easur e si ncecompani eshavenoneedt oaskt hem t o“donat e”t hei rdat a.

I tcanachi evefast ert i met obusi nessi nt el l i gencer epor tandi nf or mat i ondel i ver y, si ncer esear cher scanhavequi ckandeasyaccesst o dat a,vi aj ustone pl at for m,wi t houtphysi cal l yconsol i dat i ngdat a,butabst r act i ngdat af r om di spar at esour cest ogetaful lvi ew.

Ther ear econcer nsaswel l ,t hator gani zat i onsshoul dbeawar eof .

Per for mancepr obl em.Thi si ssai dt obet hemostsi gni fi cantpi t fal l .Nonet hel ess,

i tcanbever ymuchsol vedwi t ht hr owi ngmor et echnol ogi esoni t ,t oget her

wi t hpr opert uni ng.Rel at edt echnol ogi escanbeopt i mi zat i ont echni ques( r efer

t oSect i on2. 6) ,i n- memor ycomput i ng.Ther i seofcommodi t yser ver scanal so

hel pt oi mpr ovet heper for manceofdat avi r t ual i zat i on.

Consi st encyi ndat aacr ossal lt hesour ces.Compani esneedt omakesur et hatt he di f fer entdat at hatt heywantt oaccessvi adat avi r t ual i zat i onshoul dbet r eat ed defi nedconsi st ent l y.Thi si st hefi r sti ssuet hatshoul dbeset t l eddownbef or e usi ngdat avi r t ual i zat i ont echni ques.

I t ’ sbet t ert ost ar t i ngwi t hpi l ot i ngi nsmal lscal epr oj ect st hatcompani escan succeedon,andpr ovei tout .I fi tcanwi nsuccessandt hencompani escan cont i nuet ogof r om t her eandgr ow.

Al li nHadoop

Anot heropt i onwoul dbet obui l dadat al akebasedonHadoop,whi chmeanst hatt he powerofaHadoopcl ust eri nor dert ost or edat aofal lki nds,t husbot hst r uct ur edand unst r uct ur edi sl ever aged.

Thi smet hod i nvol vesmovi ng dat ai nt o oneHadoop syst em physi cal l y,i ncl udi ng ext r act i ng met adat a,l oadi ng,set t i ng up new har dwar e,et c.Wi t h t hi s appr oach, or gani zat i onscangr adual l yhaveanent er pr i sedat al aket hatbui l tont hewhol e Hadoop ecosyst em,t oget herwi t h i t s r el at ed vendor s,pr ovi di ng manyaddi t i onal funct i onal i t i esandcapabi l i t i es.Forexampl e,Hadoopdat al akeshaveawi devar i et yof dat aaccessappr oaches,l i kespanni ngbat ch,st r eami ng,r eal - t i meandi nt er act i ve,i n- memor y,et c.

Hadoopdat al akesenabl ecompani est o“ st oreeveryt hi ng,anal yzeanyt hi ngandbui l d whatyouneed ”,asi nt r oducedi nanonl i neopencour se

fordat al akes.I tmeanst hat compani escanst or eal mostal lki ndsofdat ai ni t snat i vef or m aswel lasf ul lcont ext ofdat aandi t susagel i neage,whi chcandef i ni t el yhel pcompani est ot api nt omor e i nsi ght saboutcust omerbehavi or sandhowt or unbusi nesspr ocessmor eeff i ci ent l y.

Gai ni ngmor eandmor er aw dat acanempowert hebusi nesswi t ht hedat ai nsi ght s r equi r ed,sot hebusi nesscanbui l dr i ghtappl i cat i onsupondat al akes,t henbr i ngi ngi n mor ei nnovat i onandval ue,cr eat i ngnew andmor edat a,pushi ngt hedat acycl et o r epeati t sel f.Tosomeext ent ,dat al akesaccel er at et hespeedoft hi sst or e- anal yze- bui l dcycl e,vi awhi chcompani escandol ot sofanal yt i cs,suchasi n- dat abaseanal yt i cs, i n- memor yanal yt i cs,massi vepar al l elpr ocessi ng,et c.

Apar tfr om t hosepopul aradvant agesshowedi nSect i on2. 4. 2. 4,Hadoopdat al akeal so

hassomeot heruni quefeat ur esdeser vesat t ent i on.Fi r st l y,i tal l owsf ordi f fer ent

i ndust r i est ohaveadat al aket hathasspeci f i canal yt i cappl i cat i onst ai l or edf ori t sown

dat a need.Di f fer enti ndust r i es ( e. g. ,heal t hcar e,r et ai l ,t el ecommuni cat i ons)even

or gani zat i onsmayhavedi ff er entt ypesofdat a( e. g. ,sensor ,cl i ckst r eam,geogr aphi c,

soci al ,et c) .Second,asHadoopal l owsf ordi st r i but edst or ageandeasyaccessi bi l i t y, Hadoopdat al akesar ebecomi ngmor eandmor ewel comedi nor gani zat i onst hat i ncr easet hei rexposur et omobi l eandcl oud- basedappl i cat i ons,I nt er netofThi ngs( I oT)

.

Combi ned- appr oach

Ther ei sanot herchoi cef orcompani est hatwi sht ohaveaHadoop- baseddat al ake wor ksasacompl ementt o t hei rEDWs,whi chmeanst hatcompani escanst or e unst r uct ur eddat ai nHadoopsyst em whi l er emai nwel l - st r uct ur eddat aorot herl egacy dat aaswher ei ti s,whet herst or edi nr el at i onaldat abaseormanagedbyot hersui t abl e st or aget echnol ogi es.Asshowni nt her esul t sofQ18i nt hequest i onnai r e,hal foft he r espondent sdecl ar edt hatt hei rcompani esj oi ndat al akeswi t hEDWs.

Never t hel ess,t hi sappr oachi snotver yhandydur i ngi mpl ement at i onandut i l i zat i on, compar edwi t hpr evi oust woappr oaches.Compani est hatadoptt hi sappr oachneedt o come up wi t h feasi bl e sol ut i ons t o some pr obl ems,whi ch mean,t hey have di sadvant agest oover come.Aspoi nt edouti nt hequest i onnai r e,t hesedi sadvant ages ar emai nl yr el at edt opr i vi l egemanagement ,secur i t yandaconsi st entaut hor i zat i on concept .I fdat aar enotst or edi noneconsi st entsyst em,busi nessuser smayf ace di f fer entdat aaccesscont r oli ssues.Theycannotr eacht hedat at heywantqui ckl y.

Busi nessI mpl i cat i ons

Br i ngi ngadat al akei nt oanent er pr i sei mpl i cat esmuchmor et hanj ustt echni cali ssues.

Unl i kecompl i cat edi ssues,suchast echnol ogi calpr obl ems,whi chcangr adual l ybe sol vedbyvar i ousappr oachesal ongwi t ht i me,compl exi ssuesar eonest hatar e humanr el at edandar emor el i kel yt or emai nt hest at eswhatt heyar e,anddi ff i cul tt obe sol vedal ongt i mepassi ng,evenmaybecomewor seandwor sei fnopr operand ef fect i ver emedi almeasur ei st aken.Thesamei st r uef ordevel opi ngadat al akei na dat a- dr i vencompany.Ther easonsar easf ol l owi ng.

Fi r st l y,t heconceptofdat al akesact ual l ycal l sforanewwayt ot hi nkabouthowshoul d

peopl et r eatcompany’ sdat a,whet hervi ewi ngi tasper sonalordepar t ment alpr oper t y

or ,i nst ead,t het r easur eandval uet hatbel ongst ot hewhol eent er pr i se.Thi sshoul d

ent ai lacul t ur alchanget hatr equi r espeopl et oshowopennesst owar dswhatt heyt hi nk

t hey shoul d have t he r i ghtt o possess,such as dat a orr el at ed pr ofessi onal

compet ence,butmayact ual l ybel ongt ot hewhol eent er pr i se.Whenbei ngaskedt o

shar ei nfor mat i onaboutwhatt heyar edoi ng,howt heyar edoi ngandwhatdat at hey

own,peopl ear eof t enr el uct antt odoso,duet obei ngafr ai dofl osi ngj obsorval ueof

t hei rowni nt hei ror gani zat i on.I ti snotsur pr i si ngt oseet hatt hesur veyr esul t sal so showt hi sphenomenon,whi chr eveal i ngt hatcompani esar eal waysencour agi ngt hei r peopl e t o shar e dat a and knowl edge butwi l lneverfor ce t hem t o do so.Thi s or gani zat i onalcul t ur alchange r equi r es bot h t i me and ef for t s f r om t he upper managementandexecut i ves.

Secondl y,duet ot heneedt ocoupl ewi t hbi gdat achal l enges,i tseemsl i ket hatdat a l akescanbeani cechoi cet ost ar twi t h.However ,asBi l lSchmar zopoi nt soutt hat

,I T peopl ewoul dbet t er ,fi r st l y,convi ncet hebusi nesssi det ocooper at ewi t ht hem,wi nni ng t hei rsuppor tandunder st andi ngofwhat ’ sgoi ngonwi t ht ackl i ngbi gdat a,andt hen pr ovei toutt ot hebusi nessguyswi t hbet t erbusi nessper for mance.I nshor t ,i ti snot t hatgoodforI Tt opl ayal onehandi nbr i ngi ngi ndat al akesi nanent er pr i se!Rat her ,I T shoul dgai nt hebusi nesst obacki tupandachi eveanal i gnmentbet weent hem about bi gdat acount erst r at egy.

Thi r dl y,t her ei snotyetanybestpr act i ceofdat al akesavai l abl eforr ef er ence.

Pr act i t i oner sar et r yi ngoutever ydi ff er entmet hodt oi mpr ovet hewhol eecosyst em for dat al akes.Al t hought heconceptofadat al akel ooksver ymuchappeal i ng,compani es shoul dneverover l ooki t saccompanyi ngpot ent i alr i sksandpi t f al l s,atl eastt i l lnow, suchasdat agover nance,dat asecur i t yandl egali ssues,whi chcanal sobeseenf r om t hesur veyr esponses.Wi t houtgooddat agover nance,dat al akescaneasi l yendup bei ngdi r t yandunusabl e.Sat i sf yi ngdat aqual i t yanddat al akesper for mancear enot t hateasyt oachi eve,unl essgooddat agover nancei sguar ant eed.Justl i ket her eal nat ur all ake,i ft her ei snoguar dert okeept r ackoft hi ngsl i kewhofi shedi nt hi sl ake, whopour edwhati nt ot hi sl ake,how manyf i sher sar et her ecur r ent l y,whatar et he sour cest hatst r eam i nt ot hi sl ake,et c,t hent hel akewi l ldef i ni t el yendupbei ngl i ke di r t yst i l lwat er s.

Fort hesamer eason,dat al akesi ssai dbet ot hepr omi si ngbi g“dat awar ehouse”t o

hol dal lt hecompanydat a,consol i dat edorr aw dat a,somanagementwor ksuchas

keepi ngt r ackofwhousedl akesandhowheusedar emor et hancr uci al .Notonl ywe

need r ecor d dat a usage hi st or y butal so cont r oldat a access,achi evi ng fast er

aut hor i zat i on t i me forr equi r ed di ff er entdat aset s,whi l e hi ghersecur i t yl evelt o

sensi t i vedat a.Compani escant r yt ohaveasepar at edepar t mentt hatt akesoveral lt he

i ssuesr el at edt oent er pr i sedat al akes.Peopl ei nt hi sdepar t menthavet heaut hor i t yt o

gr antordenydat aaccesst oal lr equest s.Thi spr ocessmayr equi r ecompani est ogi ve

speci alt r ai ni ngt ot hei rst af fsaboutl egalaf fai r sandpr i vi l egemanagement .I nsur i ng

secur i t yoft hecompanydat a,bot hi nt er nalandext er nal ,i svi t al .Fori nst ance,cust omer

dat a i s forsur e sensi t i ve buti nf or mat i on aboutst aff s ofa company i s al so

si gni f i cant l ypr i vat e,l i keheal t hcar edat a.Thi ssepar at edat al akedepar t mentshoul dbe ar medwi t henoughknowl edgei nsuchasl awandr egul at i ons.

. Amat ur edat al aket akest i meand“ cul t i vat i on”( Br i anSt ei n,Al anMor r i son,2014).A dat al akewi l lgr adual l ymat ur easuseri nt er act i onanddat agover nanceper f or mance gr owsandget sbet t er–t hei nt er act i ont hatcont i nual l yr ef i nest hedat al akeandt he dat adi scover ywi l lmaket hel akemat ur e.I nconcl usi on,t hei deaofadat al aket obe onesi ngl edat ar eposi t or yf oror gani zat i onst owor kmor eeff i ci ent l ywi t ht hei rdat acan beagr eatsol ut i ont ot ackl et hechal l engesbr oughtbybi gdat apr obl ems.Bui l di nga smal ldat al akef i r st l yandt henf i l l i ngi ti nwi t hmor eandmor er awdat a,t oget herwi t h whathavebeenbui l tal r eadyt her ei nt hel akebyt heuser swi l lmaket hedat al aket he mostpr omi si ngt r easur eandpr oper t yofanent er pr i sei ni t snearf ut ur e.

Concl usi on

Thet opi cofdat al akesi snotj ustat echni cali ssue.Rat her ,i tal sohasr espectt o cor r espondi ngvi t albusi nessi mpl i cat i ons,f r om anor gani zat i onalpoi ntofvi ew.Dat a l akesdemandopennessfr om peopl et owar dsdat ai nacompany.Atpr esent ,peopl e t endt ovi ew depar t ment alorot hersensi t i vedat aast hei rownpossessi onandar e of t enr el uct antt oshar edat awi t hot her s.Besi des,t hi snewl akeconceptcal l sf oraf ar mor eadvanceddat amanagement ,orsaydat agover nancemet hods.I fdat aar ewel l - st r uct ur edori nsmal lsi zeofamount s,t her ei snopr obl emswi t ht heconvent i onal appr oachesatal l .Butoncei nt egr at i ngal lki ndsofdat ai nonebi gl aket hi ng,di f fer ent t r oubl esar ecomi ngout .Not wi t hst andi ngcr eat i ngat r anspar ental i keat mospher e,i n anent er pr i se,bet weenuser sanddat ai sawesomeandenl i ght eni ng,t hesecur i t yand l egali ssuesr el at edt odat al akesst i l lr emai nsvi t albutt r oubl esome,demandi ngmor e at t ent i onandef for t sf r om uppermanagementt omakeanor gani zat i onalcul t ur al change.

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