Contents
Remerciements i
I Introduction 1
II An Essay in Infrastructure Policy 7
1 Does the Stage of Development Matter for Infrastructure Payoffs? 8
1.1 Introduction . . . 8
1.2 Main features of the literature . . . 12
1.2.1 Theoretical frameworks . . . 13
1.2.2 Estimation techniques . . . 17
1.2.3 Other sources of variation . . . 18
1.3 Methodology . . . 20
1.4 The meta-sample . . . 28
1.5 Estimation results . . . 29
1.6 Concluding remarks . . . 37
Appendices 39
A Meta-sample of studies 40
B Income groups of countries 44
iv
Bibliography 48
III Essays in Environmental Policy 63
2 Climate Change Mitigation with Technology Spillovers 64
2.1 Introduction . . . 64
2.2 The model . . . 69
2.2.1 Second stage . . . 71
2.2.2 First stage . . . 72
2.3 Increased technology spillovers . . . 73
2.4 Policy implications . . . 76
2.5 Concluding remarks . . . 79
Appendices 81 C Mathematical Appendix 82 C.1 Proof of Lemma 1 . . . 82
C.2 Proof of Lemma 2 . . . 83
C.3 Proof of Corollary 1 . . . 83
C.4 Proof of Proposition 2 . . . 85
Bibliography 86 3 90 3.1 Introduction . . . 90
3.2 The basic model . . . 94
3.3 Equilibrium with a well-documented threshold . . . 97
3.4 Equilibrium with a probabilistic threshold . . . 100
3.5 Asymmetric countries . . . 104
3.6 Conclusion . . . 106
v
Bibliography 109
IV General Conclusion 112
vi
