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A survey of automation technology for realising as-built models of services

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A survey of automation technology for realising as-built models of services

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John Dickinson, Ajit Pardasani, Shafee

Ahamed, Steve Kruithof

Centre for Computer Assisted Construction

Technologies

A survey of automation technology for

realising as-built models of services

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Outline

As-Built documentation

• What? • Why?

Role in IDS

Current processes/technology

• Manual

• Video and photographic

• Photogrammetry

• Laser

Future

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What is As-Built

Documentation?

CIB IDS 2009 - 3 of 12 Want:  Digital model  Match as-constructed

 Timely and complete

Get:

 On paper, handwritten notes

 Uncorrelated collection of redlined drawings

 End of project, incomplete

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Why have As-Builts?

CIB IDS 2009 - 4 of 12

GC – Manage ongoing construction

practices:

 Coordinate trades on-site

 Prevent field conflicts ($0.5 to 2.0 sqft)  Progress monitoring  Scheduling/Planning  Support inspection Owner/operator – Manage building operations:

 Capture net result

(design, change orders, field resolutions)

 Seed FM applications

 Basis for renovations & retrofits

 Data for maintenance contractors

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CIB IDS 2009 - 5 of 12

Role in IDS

“minimize structural and process inefficiencies and to enhance the value delivered during design, build, and

operation”

Integrated Data and Information Element

 Currently expensive and difficult during construction

 Often 1-off service provided by consultants, contractors

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Manual

CIB IDS 2009 - 6 of 12

 Limited number of measurements

 Slow and manually intensive

 Not timely

 Advanced solutions:

• Tracked pointer

• Link with design docs

sources: http://www.trimble.com/construction/layout_MEP_contractors.aspx http://www.boschpro.co.uk/dle-50-professional.html

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CIB IDS 2009 - 7 of 12

Video and Photographic

 Time-lapse or video cheap and easy to implement

 Chronological

 Timely, remote access

 Simple capture of changes with digital cameras

 Manual link to docs

 No spatial data

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CIB IDS 2009 - 8 of 12

Photogrammetry

 Stereo cameras or multiple images

 Fast, cheap

 Extraction of 3D data possible

• Camera positions, matched

features, image quality

 Correlation with design limited by machine

recognition of objects

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Photogrammetry II

CIB IDS 2009 - 9 of 12

MS Photosynth

 Automatically match image similarities

 Estimate relative camera position

 Automatically place images Autodesk ImageModeler

 Manual selection matching points in multiple images

 Add geometric constraints

 Snap primitives to 3D space

 3D model

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Laser

 Very accurate 3D data

 Manual model relationships

• Measurement extraction

• Element identification

• Overlay scan data on models

 Still expensive, specialised

 Ongoing research matching scans to facetted models

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Future

Have:

 Digital data capture

• camera, laser  Portable computation tools  Remote access electronic project documents  Semantic knowledge of MEP elements Need: Automation  Superposition images on VR models or vice versa  Correlation as-built to as-designed, schedule, … Approaches:  Image recognition, tagging, RFID, GPS, CBIR  Calibrated cameras CIB IDS 2009 - 11 of 12

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Questions / Comments

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Questions / Comments

sources: http://maps.pomocnik.com/img/photos/krzywy_dom_front_1.jpg, http://www.designingyourperfecthouse.com/blog/2008/07/ http://bboykang.blogspot.com/2009/02/very-bad-construction-mistakes.html

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