Behavior modification

Behavior modification

4^th Class

Testing hypotheses

Field observation Deadline: 28^th March

Maximum range: 2 pages

Changing your behavior 5+5 list

Exercise

•Write on a sheet of paper

▫Your name

▫5 things I would like to do more or less often

•We will collect the papers and return on next lesson

•We will only share them anonymously

•You have 3 minutes

Behavioral assessment – typical steps

Functional assessment - steps

1. Gather information via indirect and descriptive assessment

2. Interpret information from indirect and descriptive assessment

3. Test hypothesis using functional analysis 4. Develop intervention options based on

the function of problem behavior

Testing approaches

•Group design can not be used :(

•Single case design

▫ Baseline period

▫ Intervention period

▫ ABAB design

•Multiple baseline design

•Alternating treatments design

Procrastination

Testing hypotheses

Exercise

•In groups 4-6 people:

▫Pick one person to be an interviewee

▫Create 3-5 A-B-C record for procrastination

 Be as specific as possible (measurable and observable behaviors)

▫Interpret the functional relations

▫Try to design testing approach for at least 2 of them in the ABAB format

▫Do not design an intervention!

•You have 6+4 minutes

Functional assessment - steps

1. Gather information via indirect and descriptive assessment

2. Interpret information from indirect and descriptive assessment

3. Test hypothesis using functional analysis 4. Develop intervention options based on

the function of problem behavior

INCREASING the rate of behavior

• Reinforcement

▫ Positive

▫ Negative

• Prompting and fading

• Shaping and chaining

▫ Chaining - Forward and backward

DECREASING the rate of behavior

• Extinction

• Differential reinforcement

▫ Low rate

▫ Alternative behavior

▫ Incompatible behavior

• Punishment

Law of effect

•E.L.Thorndike (1911)

•In any given situation, the probability of a

behavior occuring is a function of the

consequence that the behaviour had in that situation in the past.

Reinforcement

•Providing consequences that increase or maintain the frequency of behaviour

•A specific event that causes

reinforcement is called REINFORCER

•REINFORCER IS NOT REWARD.

Reinforcer is defined by results.

Types of reinforcement

Types of reinforcement

Case studies

•Case Study 1

▫ Girl that does not interact with other children

•Case Study 2

▫ Girl that does not eat

Rules for using reinforcement

• Define target behaviour

• Select appropriate reinforcers

▫Try to find positive reinforcers

▫Go for the secondary reinforcers (primary tend to satiate quickly)

• Make reinforcement immediate and certain

• Monitor results

Procrastination

Intervention design

Exercise

•In pairs

▫Design a reinforcement intervention for

increasing target behavior „doing your task according to plan“.

▫Use the previous results (functional relations)

•You have 10 minutes

Discussion

[The end of the today's class]