Thesis
Reference
Bringing fugitives to justice under international law: extradition and its alternatives
SADOFF, David
Abstract
This dissertation presents a novel and robust framework for the operational and legal analysis of recovering fugitives abroad. It addresses how States, working alone, in cooperation, or with third-party intervention, strive to secure the custody of fugitives to bring them to justice, while evaluating the propriety of those pursuit efforts under international law. It introduces redefined terms and new concepts to add precision to the discourse; sets forth comprehensive typologies, inter alia, for the various forms of extradition and its impediments; and provides a mapping to account for the full range of means and methods – extradition, collateral and remedial approaches to extradition, and fallback and full-scale alternatives to extradition – by which fugitives can be obtained. In addition, this study considers the judicial, diplomatic, and policy consequences of reliance on the more aggressive tactics; and proffers recommendations that, if adopted, could foster the recovery of fugitives while minimizing associated risks.
SADOFF, David. Bringing fugitives to justice under international law: extradition and its alternatives. Thèse de doctorat : Univ. Genève, 2014, no. D. 883
URN : urn:nbn:ch:unige-418725
DOI : 10.13097/archive-ouverte/unige:41872
Available at:
http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:41872
Disclaimer: layout of this document may differ from the published version.
APPENDIX I TREATIES
[Organized chronologically by category]
Page
A. International A-1
B. Regional / Sub-Regional A-6
C. Bilateral A-11
_________________________________________________
A. International
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International Convention for the Suppression of Counterfeiting Currency, Apr. 20, 1929, 112 L.N.T.S. 371 (1931).
Original Protocol to the International Convention for the Suppression of Counterfeiting Currency, Apr. 20, 1929, 112 L.N.T.S. 395 (1931).
Montevideo Convention on Extradition, Dec. 26, 1933, 49 Stat. 3111, reprinted in 28 AJIL 65 (1934).
Montevideo Convention on Political Asylum, Dec. 26, 1933, reprinted in 28 AJIL 70 (1934).
Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States, Dec. 26, 1933, 49 Stat. 3097, reprinted in 28 AJIL 75 (1934).
Convention for the Suppression of Illicit Traffic in Dangerous Drugs, June 26, 1936, 198 L.N.T.S. 299 (1939).
Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of Terrorism (CPPT), L. of N. Doc.
C.546.M.383.1937.V., Nov. 16, 1937, reprinted in 19 League of Nations O.J. 23 (1938) (not entered into force).
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3363, 75 U.N.T.S. 85 [Geneva Convention II].
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Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others, Mar. 21, 1950, 96 U.N.T.S. 271.
Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, July 28, 1951, 19 U.S.T. 6259, T.I.A.S. No.
6577, 189 U.N.T.S. 150.
Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, Sept. 28, 1954, 360 U.N.T.S. No. 5158.
Convention of the High Seas, Apr. 29, 1958, 13 U.S.T. 2312, 450 U.N.T.S. 82, T.I.A.S. No. 5200.
Convention of the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone, Apr. 29, 1958, 15 U.S.T. 1606, 516 U.N.T.S. 205.
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (VCDR), Apr. 18, 1961, 23 U.S.T. 3227, T.I.A.S.
No. 7502, 500 U.N.T.S. 95.
Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (VCCR), Apr. 24, 1963, 21 U.S.T. 77, 596 U.N.T.S.
261.
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A/CONF.62/122 & Corr.1-8, 1833 U.N.T.S. 3, reprinted in 21 ILM 1261, available at http://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/closindx.htm (last visited on Feb. 23, 2012).
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51, U.N. Doc. E/CN.4/1984/72, Annex (1984), 1465 U.N.T.S. 85, reprinted in 23 ILM 1027.
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Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Fixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf, Mar. 10, 1988, IMO Doc. Sua/Con/16/Rev.1, reprinted in 27 ILM 685 (1988).
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amended by UNGA Res. 53/112, available at
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A/RES/45/119, Dec. 14, 1990, available at
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B. Regional / Sub-Regional
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ECOWAS Convention on Extradition, A/PI/8/94, Aug. 6, 1994, available at http://documentation.ecowas.int/download/en/legal_documents/protocols/Convention%
20on%20Extradition.pdf (last visited on Nov. 23, 2013).
Agreement on Illicit Traffic by Sea, Implementing Article 17 of the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, Jan. 31,
1995, CoE, E.T.S. No. 156, available at
http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/Treaties/Html/156.htm (last visited on Sept. 28, 2013).
Convention Drawn up on the Basis of Article K.3 of the Treaty on European Union, on Simplified Extradition Procedure between the Member States of the European Union, Mar.
30, 1995, O.J.C. 78, available at http://eur- lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:41995A0330(01):EN:HTML (last visited on Sept. 28, 2013).
Inter-American Convention against Corruption, Mar. 29, 1996, O.A.S. Doc. B-58, available at http://www.oas.org/juridico/english/treaties/b-58.html (last visited on July 16, 2013).
Convention Drawn up on the Basis of Article K.3 of the Treaty on European Union, Relating to Extradition between the Member States of the European Union, Oct. 23, 1996, O.J.C. 313,
available at http://eur-
lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:41996A1023(02):EN:HTML (last visited on Sept. 29, 2013).
European Union Convention on the Fight against Corruption Involving Officials of the European Communities or Officials of Member States of the European Union, May 26, 1997, reprinted in 37 ILM 12 (1998).
Inter-American Convention against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Ammunition, Explosives, and Other Related Materials, Nov. 14, 1997, O.A.S. Doc. A-63, available at http://www.oas.org/juridico/english/treaties/a-63.html (last visited on July 16, 2013).
Arab Convention on the Suppression of Terrorism, Issued by the Councils of Arab Ministers
of Interior Justice, Apr. 22, 1998, available at
https://www.unodc.org/tldb/pdf/conv_arab_terrorism.en.pdf (last visited on Oct. 30, 2013) (not yet in force).
Treaty on Cooperation among the States Members of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in Combating Terrorism, June 4, 1999, available at http://www.refworld.org/docid/47fdfb290.html (last visited on Oct. 30, 2013).
OAU Convention on the Prevention and Combating of Terrorism, July 14, 1999, OAU Doc.
AHG/Dec. 132 (XXXV).
Convention of the Organization of the Islamic Conference on Combating International Terrorism, Oct. 11, 2000, reprinted in U.N. Doc. A/54/637.
CHARTER OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION [EUCHARTER], Dec. 18, 2000, OJEC, C 364/1.
Convention on Cybercrime, Nov. 23, 2001, CoE, E.T.S. No. 185.
Protocol No. 13 to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Concerning the Abolition of the Death Penalty, May 3, 2002, E.T.S.
No. 187.
Inter-American Convention against Terrorism, June 3, 2002, OAS Res. 1840 (XII-O/02), O.A.S. No. A-66, available at http://www.oas.org/juridico/english/treaties/a-66.html (last visited on July 16, 2013).
CoE Framework Decision on the European Arrest Warrant & the Surrender Procedures Between Member States (EAW), June 13, 2002, 2002/584/JHA, OJEC 1-20, L190/1 of July 18, 2002, available at http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/police/operational- policing/european-arrest-warrant1?view=Binary (last visited on Feb. 2, 2013).
Southern African Development Community (SADC), Protocol on Extradition, Oct. 3, 2002, available at http://www.iss.co.za/af/regorg/unity_to_union/pdfs/sadc/protextra.pdf (last visited on Feb. 5, 2012).
London Scheme for Extradition within the Commonwealth, Nov. 2002, LMM (90)32, available at http://www.oas.org/juridico/english/mesicic3_jam_london.pdf (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013) (related to Commonwealth Scheme for the Rendition of Fugitive Offenders, May 3, 1966).
Protocol Amending European Convention on the Suppression of Terrorism, May 15, 2003, CoE, E.T.S. No. 190 (not yet in force).
Draft Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe, July 18, 2003, CONV 850/03, available at http://european-convention.eu.int/docs/treaty/cv00850.en03.pdf (last visited on Oct.
30, 2013).
Additional Protocol to the SAARC Regional Convention on Suppression of Terrorism, Jan. 6,
2004, SAARC/SUMMIT.12/SC.29/27, available at http://saarc-
§org/areaofcooperation/detail.php?activity_id=21 (last visited on Sept. 29, 2013).
League of Arab States, ARAB CHARTER ON HUMAN RIGHTS, May 22, 2004, reprinted in 12 Int'l
Hum. Rts. Rep. 893 (2005), available at
http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/loas2005.html (last visited on Feb. 7, 2012).
Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia (ReCAAP), Nov. 2004, reprinted in 44 ILM 829 (2005), available at http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/kaiyo/pdfs/kyotei_s.pdf (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Convention Establishing a Nordic Arrest Warrant, Jan. 24, 2006, Council Doc. No. 5573/06,
available at http://www.asser.nl/upload/eurowarrant-
webroot/documents/cms_eaw_id1056_1_CouncilDoc.5573.06.pdf (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013) (summarizing Convention).
CARICOM Arrest Warrant Treaty, July 4, 2008, available at http://www.caricom.org/jsp/secretariat/legal_instruments/caricom_arrest_warrant_treaty .pdf (last visited on Feb. 2, 2013).
Third Additional Protocol to the European Convention on Extradition, Nov. 10, 2010, CoE, available at http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/Treaties/Html/098.htm (last visited on July 16, 2013).
Fourth Additional Protocol to the European Convention on Extradition, Sept. 20, 2012, CoE, available at http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/Treaties/Html/098.htm (last visited on July 16, 2013).
C. Bilateral
Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation [Jay Treaty], Nov. 19, 1794, United States—
Great Britain, 8 Stat. 116 (1795), 12 U.S.T. 13, T.S. No. 105.
Boundaries, Slave Trade, Extradition (a/k/a the “Webster-Ashburton Treaty”), United States-Great Britain, Aug. 9, 1842, 8 Stat. 572, T.S. No. 119, 12 T.I.A.S. 82, reprinted in CHARLES I.BEVANS,12TREATIES AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA,1776-1949, at 88 (1975).
Agreement Between the United States and Cuba for the Lease of Lands for Coaling and Naval Stations [the U.S. Lease of Cuba’s Guantánamo Bay], Feb. 23, 1903, available at http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/dip_cuba002.asp (last visited on Nov. 4, 2013).
Convention Between the United States and Portugal for the Mutual Extradition of Criminals,
May 7, 1908, available at
http://images.library.wisc.edu/FRUS/EFacs/1908/reference/frus.frus1908.i0038.pdf (last visited on Nov. 30, 2013).
Protocol Respecting the New Hebrides, signed at London, Aug. 6, 1914, available at http://www.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/library/online/texts/Pacific_archive/New%20Hebrides/7.N ew%20Hebrides%20Order,%201922,%20annexing%20protocol%20between%20Britain%
20and%20France%20respecting%20New%20Hebrides,%20Auguest%206,%201914.PDF (last visited on Nov. 17, 2013).
Treaty of Arbitration and Conciliation Between the Swiss Confederation and the German Reich, Dec. 3, 1921, 12 L.N.T.S. 281.
Treaty of Extradition, United States-Venezuela, Jan. 19 and 22, 1922, 43 Stat. 1698, T.S. 675, 49 L.N.T.S. 435, available at http://www.oas.org/juridico/mla/en/traites/en_traites-ext- usa-ven.pdf (last visited on Nov. 28, 2013).
Agreement Concerning the Boundary between Nejd and Kuwait, signed at Bandar al-Uqair,
Dec. 2, 1922, available at
http://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%201750/II-183.pdf (last visited on Nov. 17, 2013).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Rumania, July 23, 1924, available at http://internationalextraditionblog.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/romania.pdf (last visited on Jan. 27, 2012).
Treaty on Extradition, United-States-Austria, Jan. 31, 1930, 46 Stat. 2779; T.S. 822.
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Albania, Mar. 1, 1933, 49 Stat. 3313; T.S. No. 902.
Agreement Between the United Nations and the United States Regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, June 26, 1947, Oct. 31, 1947, 11 U.N.T.S. 11, No. 147, available at http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/decad036.asp (last visited on Feb. 23, 2012).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-South Africa, Dec. 18, 1947, 2 U.S.T. 884.
United States-Japan Security Treaty, Sept. 8, 1951, T.I.A.S. No. 2491, as discussed in Wilson v.
Girard, 354 U.S. 524 (1957).
Treaty on Extradition, Switzerland-Israel, 377 U.N.T.S. 305 (1958).
European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters, Apr. 20, 1959, CoE, E.T.S.
No. 30, available at http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/Treaties/Html/030.htm (last visited on Dec. 8, 2013).
Treaty on Extradition, United-States-Brazil, Jan. 13, 1961, 15 U.S.T. 2093, T.I.A.S. No. 5691.
Extradition Agreement between South Africa and the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, Nov. 19, 1962, No. 6592, 458 U.N.T.S. 60 (1963).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Israel, Dec. 10, 1962, 14 U.S.T. 1707.
Treaty on the Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea, June 22, 1965, 2 JAPAN'S FOREIGN RELATIONS-BASIC DOCUMENTS 569-572, available at http://www.ioc.u- tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/texts/docs/19650622.T1E.html (last visited on Jan. 20, 2014).
Agreement Under Article IV of the Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States of America and the Republic of Korea, Regarding Facilities and Areas and the Status of United States Armed Forces in the Republic of Korea [U.S.-ROK SOFA], T.I.A.S. 6127, July 9, 1966,
available at http://www.usfk.mil/usfk/Uploads/130/US-
ROKStatusofForcesAgreement_1966-67.pdf?AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1 (last visited on Nov. 24, 2013).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-New Zealand, Jan. 12, 1970, T.I.A.S. 7035, 22 U.S.T. 1, available at http://newzealand.usembassy.gov/uploads/images/o16y8MOyHW2l- jJTxaMpeQ/ExtraditionUSNZ.pdf (last visited on Oct. 1, 2013).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Canada, Dec. 3, 1971, available at http://internationalextraditionblog.com/2011/04/12/canada-extradition-treaty-with-the- united-states/ (last visited on Jan. 28, 2012).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Argentina, Jan. 21, 1972, 23 T.I.A.S. 7510 (1972).
Exchange of Notes Constituting an Agreement Relating to Hijacking of Aircraft and Vessels and Other Offences (with Memorandum of Understanding) (U.S.-Cuba), U.N. Treaty No.
13067, Feb. 15, 1973.
Treaty on Extradition, May 14, 1974, United States-Australia, reprinted in IGOR I.KAVASS,1 EXTRADITION LAWS AND TREATIES:UNITED STATES (2000 & Supp. 2004).
Treaty on Extradition, Finland-United Kingdom, Oct. 25, 1975, 1025 U.N.T.S. 177 (1976).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Mexico, May 4, 1978, 31 U.S.T. 5059, T.I.A.S. 9656, reprinted in 17 ILM 1058 (1978).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Colombia, Sept. 14, 1979, S. Treaty Doc. No. 97-8, available at http://www.oas.org/juridico/mla/en/traites/en_traites-ext-usa-col.pdf (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Netherlands, June 24, 1980, 35 U.S.T. 1334, T.I.A.S.
10733 (1983-84).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Costa Rica, Dec. 4, 1982, available at http://www.costaricalaw.com/Treaties/extradition-treaty-between-costa-rica-and-the- united-states-of-america.html (last visited on Nov. 30, 2013).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Jamaica, June 14, 1983, available at http://internationalextraditionblog.com/2011/05/11/jamaica-extradition-treaty-with-the- united-states/ (last visited on Dec. 2, 2011).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Italy, Oct. 13, 1983, 35 U.S.T. 3023, T.I.A.S. 10837, S.
Treaty Doc. No. 20, 98th Cong., 2d Sess., 130 Cong. Rec. S8573-74 (daily ed. June 28, 1984).
Supplementary Treaty Concerning the Extradition Treaty Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Signed at London on 8 June 1972, June 25, 1985, reprinted in 24 ILM 1105 (1985), reprinted in S. Exec. Rep. No. 17, 99th Cong., 2d Sess. (1986).
Treaty on Extradition, Australia-Italy, Aug. 26, 1985, available at http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_reg/eoir417/sch1.html (last visited on Nov.
1, 2013).
Treaty on Extradition, Australia-Norway, Sept. 9, 1985, 1459 U.N.T.S. 71 (1987).
Treaty on Extradition, Australia-Germany, Apr. 14, 1987, available at http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2004C00100 (last visited on Dec. 13, 2011).
Treaty of Cooperation Between the United States of America and the United Mexican States for Mutual Legal Assistance, Dec. 9, 1987, S. Treaty Doc. 100-13, reprinted in 27 ILM 443 (1988).
Protocol Amending the Treaty on Extradition Between the United States of America and Canada Signed at Washington on December 3, 1971, Jan. 11, 1988, available at http://www.mcnabbassociates.com/Canada%20International%20Extradition%20Treaty- 1st%20supplementary%20with%20the%20united%20states.pdf (last visited on Oct. 27, 2013).
Treaty on Extradition, Australia-Republic of the Philippines, Mar. 7, 1988, 1991 A.T.S. No. 5 (1995).
Agreement Between the United States of America and the United Mexican States on Cooperation in Combating Narcotics Trafficking and Drug Dependency, Feb. 23, 1989, reprinted in 29 ILM 58 (1990).
Treaty on Extradition, Australia-United Mexican States, June 22, 1990, 1991 A.T.S. No. 13 (1995).
Protocol Amending the Extradition Treaty, United States-Australia of May 14, 1974, Sept. 4, 1990, 1992 A.T.S. No. 43 (1995).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Switzerland, S. Treaty Doc. 104-9, Nov. 14, 1990, available at http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CDOC-104tdoc9/pdf/CDOC-104tdoc9.pdf (last visited on Nov. 29, 2013).
Agreement on the Surrender of Persons, United States-International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY), Oct. 5, 1994, T.I.A.S. 12570, 1911 U.N.T.S. 223.
Treaty to Prohibit Transborder Abductions, United States-Mexico, Nov. 23, 1994, 31 U.S.T.
5059, reprinted in 5 MICHAEL ABBELL &BRUNO A.RISTAU,INTERNATIONAL JUDICIAL ASSISTANCE: CRIMINAL § 13-4-1, at A-676.3 to 676.6 (1990 & 1995 Supp.).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Hungary, Dec. 1, 1994, reprinted in S. EXEC. REP. NO.
104-27, 104th Cong., 2d Sess. (1996), available at
http://www.mcnabbassociates.com/Hungary%20International%20Extradition%20Treaty
%20with%20the%20United%20States.pdf (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Agreement on the Surrender of Persons, United States-International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), Jan. 24, 1995, T.I.A.S. 12601.
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Jordan, Mar. 28, 1995, S. Treaty Doc. 104-3, available at http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CDOC-104tdoc3/pdf/CDOC-104tdoc3.pdf (last visited on Nov. 28, 2013).
Treaty on Extradition of 1995, Brazil-United Kingdom, July 18, 1995, U.K.T.S. No. 58 (1997),
available at
https://www.unodc.org/tldb/pdf/Extradition_Treaty_between_the_United_Kingdom_of_Gre at_Britain_and_Northern_Ireland_and_the_Government_of_the_Federative_Republic_of_Brazi l_Full_text.pdf (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-France, Apr. 23, 1996, available at http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CDOC-105tdoc13/pdf/CDOC-105tdoc13.pdf (last visited on Dec. 29, 2013).
Agreement Between the United States of America and the Government of Hong Kong for the Surrender of Fugitive Offenders, Dec. 20, 1996, available at http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CDOC-105tdoc3/pdf/CDOC-105tdoc3.pdf (last visited on Dec. 6, 2011).
Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters, United States-Brazil, Oct. 14, 1997,
Treaty No. 105-42, T.I.A.S. 12889, available at
http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/106962.pdf (last visited on Dec. 8, 2013).
Agreement Concerning a Scottish Trial in the Netherlands (Netherlands-United Kingdom), Sept. 18, 1998, reprinted in 38 ILM 926 (1999).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-South Africa, Sept. 16, 1999, available at http://internationalextraditionblog.com/2011/06/10/south-africa-extradition-treaty- with-the-united-states/ (last visited on Dec. 15, 2011).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Belize, Mar. 30, 2000, T.I.A.S. 13089, reprinted in S.
Treaty Doc. 106-38, available at
http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/126473.pdf (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Treaty on Extradition, United States-United Kingdom, Mar. 31, 2003, available at http://www.statewatch.org/news/2003/jul/UK_USA_extradition.pdf (last visited on Sept.
27, 2013).
Agreement on Extradition Between the European Union and the United States, reprinted in
S. Treaty Doc. 109-14, June 25, 2003, available at
http://www.foreign.senate.gov/treaties/109-14 (last visited on Sept. 28, 2013).
Protocol Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the State of Israel Amending the Convention on Extradition of December 10, 1962, July 6, 2005, reprinted in S. Treaty Doc. No. 109-3, 4 CTIA 927 (2005).
United Kingdom-Jordan MOU on Deporting Suspected Terrorists, Aug. 2005, available at http://www.asil.org/pdgs/ilibukjord050818.pdf.
Treaty on Extradition, United States-Romania, Sept. 10, 2007, reprinted in S. Treaty Doc.
110-11, 2 CTIA 351 (2007), available at http://www.foreign.senate.gov/treaties/110-11 (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty, Brazil-Cuba, Decree 6,462, May 21, 2008.
Framework Agreement on Integrated Cross-Border Maritime Law Enforcement Operations,
United States-Canada, May 26, 2009, available at
http://www.courthouselibrary.ca/training/stream/12-08-
13/Tricky_Legislation_Integrated_Cross-border_Law_Enforcement_Operations_Act.aspx (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
APPENDIX II CASES
[Organized alphabetically by category]
Page
A. International A-17
B. Regional A-23
C. U.S. Domestic (federal and state) A-28
D. Other Domestic A-44
________________________________________________________
A. International
Agiza v. Sweden, Commc’n No. 233/2003, CAT/C/34/D/233/2003, May 20, 2005, available at http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/cat/decisions/233-2003.html (last visited on Feb. 7, 2012).
Ahani v. Canada, Commc’n No. 1051/2002, U.N. Doc. CCPR/C/80/D/1051/2002 (2004), Mar. 29, 2004, available at http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/undocs/html/1051- 2002.html (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Alabama Claims Case, reprinted in 7 JOHN BASSETT MOORE,DIGEST OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 1059 (1906).
Alan v. Switzerland, Commc’n No. 21/1995, CAT/C/16/D/21/1995, May 8, 1996, reprinted
in 4 IHRR 66, available at
http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/0/8a8f8dba6cf2c1a480256701003a4fe0?Opendocume nt (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Almeida de Quinteros v. Uruguay, Commc’n No. 107/1981, July 21, 1983, U.N. Doc.
CCPR/C/OP/2 at 138 (1990), reprinted in 2 SELECTED DECISIONS OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS
COMMITTEE UNDER THE OPTIONAL PROTOCOL 138 (1990), available at http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/undocs/newscans/107-1981.html (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case (U.K. v. Norway) [1951] I.C.J. Rep. 116, 18 ILR 86 (1951),
available at http://www.icj-
cij.org/docket/files/5/11019.pdf?PHPSESSID=fe8692d664a02d5cc0521b630ba2af6b (last visited on Feb. 24, 2012).
A.P. v. Italy, Comm. No. 204/1986, U.N. Doc. CCPR/C/31/D/204/1986, Nov. 2, 1987, available at http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/undocs/html/204-1986.htm (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Applicability of Article VI, Section 22, of the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations, Adv’y Op., 1989 I.C.J. 177, Dec. 15, 1989, available at http://www.icj- cij.org/docket/index.php?sum=415&code=ecosoc&p1=3&p2=4&case=81&k=48&p3=5%E3
%80%88=fr (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia & Herzegovina v. Serbia & Montenegro), [Genocide Convention Case], [2007] I.C.J.
Rep. 43 (Feb. 26), available at http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/91/13685.pdf (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Arana v. France, Commc’n No. 63/1997, June 5, 2000, U.N. Doc. CAT/C/23/D/63/1997 (2000), available at http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/cat/decisions/63-1997.html (last visited on Feb. 10, 2012).
A.R.J. v. Australia, Commc’n No. 692/1996, CCPR/C/60/D/692/1996, Feb. 6, 1996, available at http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/undocs/692-1996.html (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Arrest Warrant of 11 April 2000 (D.R.C. v. Belg.), [2002] I.C.J. Rep. 3 (Feb. 14), available at http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/121/7081.pdf (last visited on Oct. 8, 2013).
Asylum Case [1950] I.C.J. Rep. 266, Nov. 20, 1950, available at http://www.icj- cij.org/docket/files/7/1849.pdf (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mex. v. U.S.), 2004 I.C.J. Rep. 12, ¶ 153(9) (Mar. 31),
available at http://www.icj-
cij.org/docket/index.php?p1=3&p2=3&k=18&PHPSESSID=910c3f12fe366a0bad0ec88e893 26bdd&PHPSESSID=910c3f12fe366a0bad0ec88e89326bdd&case=128&code=mus&p3=4 (last visited on Aug. 24, 2014).
Bakhtiyari v. Australia, Comm. No. 1069/2002, U.N. Doc. CCPR/C/79/D/1069/2002, Oct. 29,
2003, available at
http://www.worldcourts.com/hrc/eng/decisions/2003.10.29_Bakhtiyari_v_Australia.htm (last visited on Feb. 8, 2012).
Barcelona Traction, Light & Power Co. (Belg. v. Spain), Second Phase, [1970] I.C.J. Rep. 3 (Feb.
5), available at http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/50/5389.pdf (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
B.E. Chattin Claim (U.S. v. Mex.), General Claims Commission, 4 RIAA 282, July 23, 1927.
Boffolo Case (Italy v. Venezuela), 10 RIAA 528, Vol. X (1903), available at http://legal.un.org/riaa/cases/vol_X/528-538.pdf (last visited on Jan. 5, 2014).
Jean-Baptiste Caire Claim (French-Mexican Claims Comm’n), 5 RIAA 516 (1929).
Cañón Garcia v. Ecuador, Commc’n No. 319/1988, Hum. Rts. Comm., 43rd Sess., Annex, U.N.
Doc. CCPR/C/43/D/319/1988 (1991), Nov. 5, 1991.
Case Concerning Certain German Interests in Upper Polish Silesia (Merits) (Germ. v. Pol.), 1926 P.C.I.J. (ser. A). No. 7 (May 25, 1925), available at http://www.worldcourts.com/pcij/eng/decisions/1926.05.25_silesia.htm (last visited on Jan. 20, 2014).
Case Concerning Questions of Interpretation and Application of 1971 Montreal Convention Arising from the Aerial Incident at Lockerbie (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya v. United Kingdom), Provisional Measures, Order, [1992] I.C.J. Rep. 114 (Apr. 14), available at http://www.icj- cij.org/docket/files/89/7213.pdf (last visited on Dec. 28, 2013).
Case Concerning Questions of Interpretation and Application of 1971 Montreal Convention Arising from the Aerial Incident at Lockerbie, General List No. 89 (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya v.
United Kingdom), Preliminary Objections, Judgment, [1998] I.C.J. Rep. 115 (Feb. 27), available at http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/89/7249.pdf (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Case Concerning Questions of Interpretation and Application of 1971 Montreal
Convention Arising from the Aerial Incident at Lockerbie, General List No. 88 (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya v. United Kingdom), Order, [1999] I.C.J. Rep. 979 (June 27), reprinted in 117 ILR 1 (E. Lauterpacht, et al., eds. 2000), available at http://www.icj- cij.org/docket/files/88/7117.pdf (last visited on Nov. 1, 2013).
Case Concerning the Temple of Preah Vihear (Cambodia v. Thailand), Merits, [1962] I.C.J. Rep.
15 (June 15), available at http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/45/4871.pdf (last visited on Dec. 28, 2013).
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