Stability and Sensitivity Analysis for Optimal Control Problems with a First-order State Constraint having (nonessential) Touch Points
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(2) INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE. Stability and Sensitivity Analysis for Optimal Control Problems with a First-order State Constraint having (nonessential) Touch Points J. Frédéric Bonnans — Audrey Hermant. N° ???? Juillet 2006 Thème NUM. N 0249-6399. apport de recherche.
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(32) 9 X &E+( ¸ÁV (P µ) ½<¸m>q qFq È~} } α ∈ R ½ + > p ∈ BV([0, T ]; Rn∗) ½ (η, p, α) 6= 0 ½o}> m*m>$F η ∈ M[0, T ] >´ qV´4V [0, T ] ; y(0) = yµ ¹I¼ y(t) ˙ = f µ (u(t), y(t)) 0 V ¹ KW¼ dp(t) = {α`µy (u(t), y(t)) + p(t)fyµ (u(t), y(t))}dt + gyµ (y(t))dη(t) [0, T ] ¹ <V¼ p(T ) = αφµ (y(T )) >´ qV´4V [0, T ] ¹ ,W¼ u(t) ∈ argminuˆ∈R {α`µu (ˆ u, y(t)) + p(t)fuµ (ˆ u, y(t))} Z T ¹ H¼ 0 ≥ g µ (y(t)) ; dη ≥ 0 ; g µ (y(t))dη(t) = 0. . 0. ¾ >m q α > 0 ½o~ÂW~o¡ p > η |{ α ½o«ÃqA,95q α = 1 moq$ÂVqvqTV$} ½o>*m> ,}qv«Ãq}H{m> (u, y) }5 %&+S 4VW {V¡Vq È| q pµ´ ¶³?}ëÃq 5|o$«¬m>ÃV~p<}±Vo>}ª¸ µ q52VV {W¡Vq ÈW q,p} ´4¶·*o q,}q qt¸ >o q}±q V>} W } ½Æ q ¸Á pF>¸moq?(P~p) {F V>~>}2}2oq qT~q,1Aoo{F}mo|±² o¡pq m>|>} ´ Ñ o A qT}±>¯ }Æ q1>}q,Ç\moq¸ÁV$«>¡¯q >$ÂVq¸Á pF>\¸ºop{ >o¯V>} ½o}q qAqV´ ¡1´ : L~½ ,~½ <>½Å ½o =Z´ 6 . % ´ É $qT { y) m>HÂ|o¡K°o¯q { p|{\o>V pq,} T ½Ã}¬}~ ¸ moq & #%&+ #N 2 % ½v(u, ¸Fmoq q¿q È~}±} ∈ PC1 ([0, T ], Rn∗) ½ η ∈ PC1 [0, T ] ½t> ¯q >$ÂVqAop > pq q, } ν 1 ν ½p}±>1 mK m>$1T moq*¸Á$«o¡ q1$V>}FT q¬}$}±°>qT T ¹Ápq~q q >oq > q}Vp¯q,¼ F T [0, T ] ; y(0) = yµ ¹± T¼ y˙ = f µ (u, y) 0 V ¹ TV¼ ˜ yµ (u, y, p1 , η1 ) −p˙ 1 = H [0, T ] \ T V [0, T ] \ T ¹ ¼ ˜ µ (u, y, p1 , η1 ) 0 = H u ¹± L¼ (g µ )(1) (u, y) = 0 Ib [0, T ] \ I ¹± ,V¼ η1 (t) = 0 b ¹ I¼ p1 (T ) = φµy (y(T )) ¹±G KV¼ g µ (y(τen )) = 0, τen ∈ Ten ¹±G <V¼ g µ (y(τ )) = 0, τ ∈T en. to. to. to. to. ÒÁÓ4ÔÅÒÖÕ.
(33)
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(36) !"$#%&('*) +( -,$%.&/% 01&/% 2+ I. ¹ZV¼ ¹Z~ T¼ [p1 (τex )] = 0, τex ∈ Tex ¹Z¼ [p1 (τto )] = −ντ gyµ (y(τto )), τto ∈ Tto . Éh}±V~V¸_m>qvq, $ÂqøÁV p1o}$}±°>q,}moq 9 % !% %. ½W¸<m>qv V>~>} q $«hm> F V [0, T ] \ (I ∪ T ) ¹ZV¼ g µ (y(t)) < 0 b to V Int I ¹Z ¼ η˙ 1 (t) ≤ 0 b ¹Z9 L¼ + − = η1 (τen ), τen ∈ Ten ; η1 (τex ) = 0, τex ∈ Tex ντ1 ¹ZV¼ ντ = 0 τ ∈ Tto . m>}2v~ |~p~}~½~q oqTFmoqÃ}q,Woq,|W{ ½ ¾¿q}}±opqªm>4> Voq,p >Äm>$Æm>q1$q }$}±°>q,},½_(P) «¯m p¯ , η¯ > T¯ }A}}±~ q, pFooq, }Æ m>q¯q >(¯u$,y¯ÂV)q ¸ÁV p1o$>1opq,},½~moqA1¸Á1$«o¡}}±>po>G} F ¢ s5o¸Á p }± o¡\ |Âq È~¯{¿¸moq Qvp¯o «´ T´ T´\moq W ªÂ$ oqV½2µ´ q´Çmoq, q q È~} } α > 0 ½o}± m*m>$ ¸Á 5 uˆ ∈ R > t ∈ [0, T ]. ¹Z I¼ ˜ µ (ˆ u, y¯(t), p¯ (t± ), η¯ (t± )) ≥ α, H [p1 (τen )]. = −ντ1en gyµ (y(τen )),. τen ∈ Ten. to. en to. 0. 1. uu. 1. ¢ s5o¸Á p q ¡> {v¸~moq?}±$qª >}± WoqT Åmoq? W 2}±q ,½$Z´ qV´½Hmoq qÃq È~}±} }± mm>$ ¸Á 5>´ >´ t, dist(t; I(gµ (y))) ≤ ε > uˆ ∈ R. |(g µ )(1) (ˆ u, y¯(t))| ≥ β,. . . 0. β, ε > 0. ¹ZKV¼. 0. u. ¢
(37) l?moq q, { (¯u, y¯) m>}¿X6 . J%O# (#N) % +( T¯ ½> «Ãqj}oo V}q m>$ ´ g(¯ y (T )) < 0 ¦ Ï ºÏ ¤ » ¥
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(39) ËWËË (¯u, y¯) ! R%E) +( % #N % % # (P µ ) "8. #!
(40) "! $#&% 8'! )(% +* '. "P% #N % %O#H & #%&+ #N 2 %,!.-#&%8'!/#0#&% 9 % !% %1!2#43'(¯u%8', !2y¯#)5'% . V " 6 0. 6 +(&7 V´
(41) ¶³ ¬ qÆ}mo$« ¹»}q q: >½| VÅ´~´ ,=Ö¼4m>$?o>oq A¹»ÉvV¼³²¹»É ¼½| q $V>}t¹± T¼·² ¹ZV¼ m q 2B,q¬2W {V¡ q È| q,p},´ ¾ moq,¹»ÉtW¼¹» ¹µÉ T¼¼1mo<½moqq È| q pÃ}oV p ¹ α = 1¼½2¿moq\¹»ooWoqT¼ 2E ! pFooq, } η ∈ M [0, T ] > p ∈ BV([0, T ]; Rn∗) ¸ q ¸´ V´ ½> qA¡Âq |{ǹÁ q,,_m>«ªqV~~q,*moq |Âq,W+ ¼F η(0) = 0 X ¹Z <V¼ η(t) = ν 1 1 (t) − η (t+ ) ; p(t) = p (t) + η (t)g µ (y(t)), τ. «m. τ ∈Ten. 1t≥τ (t) = 1. ÔÔ æY>ÜTÛOZà![ Ý\ Þ ß]. ¯¸. t≥τ. t≥τ. 1. 1. 1. B,q 1moq, «}±qV´ º WoÂ$q,V{V½ η }?¡Âq,|{. y. dη(t) = −η˙ 1 (t)dt. ´.
(42) %
(43) &+S.. K. }}± pFooq, } > ¯q >$ÂVq oqT} , q qT $ÂVq q,h¸Á Vp q,V m moq, t|{ ¹µ9<¼v> ¹Z9L¼ ´ Ã(p,{ η)¹µV¼·² ¹Z¼v>\o~2 (p1,~η¯1)V>}F¹Z9LV¼³²¹µV¼½_«ªq1m>HÂq (p, η) ∈ ´2¶³5}}±q,V}±{¬}±q,qÆm>,½o«moq, ¹µ9 <¼Ãmoo},½ PC1,0 ([0, T ], Rn∗ ) × PC1,0 [0, T ] T. T. ˜ µ (·, y, p1 , η1 ) = H µ (·, y, p), H. >moq > q½¹µÉvV¼Ã}?qTV>Â$q W¹Á«m +(&7. 6. m>q }}± _ V}±q}}±~ q,*«¯m u¯¼ª.F ¸Á 5 uˆ ∈ R > t ∈ [0, T ]. µ (ˆ u, y¯(t), p¯(t± )) ≥ α, Huu Ã{\¹µ ¼³²¹µL¼½omoqA¸ÁV$«>¡1oqT qT}} {¬ V>~mooG} F p¯. 0. ´ L. . µ¹ V¼ }$}±°>q,}4moq5q, $Âqª¸Á pF>1>¹»ÉvV¼³²¹»É ¼½moq,ŵL¼4}q,WoÂV² 6 +(&7 ´ ¶³¸ q,WÃmoq >~(u,y) q $«®¹µ}±q,qH: ,=> : o½o ´Qo´ L =Á¼ F ¹µo T¼ − + (g µ )(1) (u(τen ), y(τen )) = 0, τen ∈ Ten ; (g µ )(1) (u(τex ), y(τex )) = 0, τex ∈ Tex . Ét}*¹Z9L¼ ƹ»o T¼Q}ºqTV>Â$q WªmoqÆ W|o{1¸<moqÆ W V>$Ãq W { Hq È~º V } ´ Ã{¹µW¼½ ¹± ¼> ¹»ÉƼ ½«Ãq}±q,qm>moq* W Q}}Ä W|oV>}$> mK V } ´*¶³¸Á$«5}Æm>$ 1,1 n ´ (u, y) ∈ PC1,0 T [0, T ] × PCT ([0, T ]; R ) m>V}F~ _}±VqT¬p$È~pFop½ 6 +(&7 ´ I ÉÃ5> m V ½|moqƸÁo µ >*1 VV|oV>}Ã~q Â$Âqv ττto ¹µ~oqv1moqA VtV7→ |go(y(t)) {¸ u¼ ½Wm>q > qtmoqÆ >o¯V* q $« } }$}±°>qTǹµ p> qv ¹µo ,¼¼ F to ¹µV¼ (g µ )(1) (u(τ ), y(τ )) = 0, τ ∈ T . νT1en ≥ 0.. to. . to. to. 14A5+-17#!j8 +- %2L . ¾¿qp5VqvÄo~¹µÉvV¼³²¹»É ¼ªmoqA¸ÁV$«o¡V}}op~V>}F ¢ #%&+ & !%+ ) +( &
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(45) &% F ∃β > 0. d η¯1 (t) ≤ −β dt. ¢ %R .
(46) - !%%&/9&. ¸ÁV 5. $V> mVW}GF2¸Á 5 d2 g(¯ y (t))|t=τto < 0. dt2. ¹µV¼. t ∈ Int I¯b ; τto ∈ T¯to. ½ ¹µ ¼. tr q\m>$ ¹» ¼¬p95q,}}q >}q½t}> q d g(y(t)) } ¸Áo ¸ (y, u, u)˙ > u > u˙ q W|o}$V> mKVW*¹»}> q νdt = 0¼´*l?mo} V>~K}}±p Amoq q,o> o{ m|{| m>q,}}ëmoq,¬m>qA}±qA V>} WÃτ}ø ~q q ≥ 2 ´Ql?moqÆo W¸¸moqAoq ÈW?q pp,q ¸ÁVo> : o½ q ppo´ =³´ 2. 2. to. ÒÁÓ4ÔÅÒÖÕ.
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(53) !!#N+ ) % ! '%R + (¯u), y¯) '.@ ' #% %T %.8 . (P)
(54) !!%8O%&/& '% 2 P 8 &
(55) ).% . ªË. d2 − < 0, g(¯ y (t))|t=τen dt2. τen ∈ T¯en ;. d2 + < 0, g(¯ y (t))|t=τex dt2. τex ∈ T¯ex .. ¹µL¼. q moqÇoq, B qTÀ VW v>À}±qÇ}>V q,}*q¿ q,}qTÂq,{ V := L2(0, T ) Z := }*moq y| q  }> q\¸F¸Áo>V>} 2 «¯m j«ªqT5 n ½Æ«moq q 1 H oq (0, Â$$T;ÂVRqv ) L2(0, T )H´ (0,q °>ToqA) moqW>o Æ V}±?¸Áo>V$Âq V × Z L (0, T ) . 1. J1 (v, z) :=. «m>q q. Z. T. ˜ (u,y),(u,y) (¯ H u, y¯, p¯1 , η¯1 )((v, z), (v, z))dt X ν¯τ1 z(τ )∗ gyy (¯ y (τ ))z(τ ), + z(T )∗ φyy (¯ y (T ))z(T ) + 0. ¹µV¼. τ ∈T¯en. ˜ H. }?moqo¡pq,Vq, tQ p>¿¹L¼½>*moq}q 5¸4 >}± W}GF [0, T ] ; z(0) = 0 z˙ = f (¯ u, y¯)z + f (¯ u, y¯)v y. u. g(u,y) (¯ u(t), y¯(t))(v(t), z(t)) = 0. τ ∈ T¯en t ∈ I¯b. gy (¯ y (τ ))z(τ ) ≤ 0. τ ∈ T¯to .. gy (¯ y (τ ))z(τ ) = 0 (1). ¹µ I¼ ¹µ9KV¼ ¹µ9 <V¼ ¹ V¼. ¾¿q V>}~q, ÃmoqA¸ÁV$«>¡}q, >~²ZV ~q, à >o¯V F ¸Á 5 (v, z) ∈ V × Z ½ (v, z) 6= 0 ½o}$}±¸Á{Wo¡Ä¹Z I¼³²¹»9<V¼´ ¹ T¼ J1 (v, z) > 0, 6 +(&7 ~´ ¹»¼F¾¿q 5|o$« |{ : o½ q pp o´ =ªm>1«Ãq* q È~o q,}}Am>qW>o ¬ W} ½ }±o¡ (¯p, η¯) ~q °>>q,¬|{ ¹Z <V¼>}±q,V¸ (¯p , η¯ ) ½|$ÂVq moqA}±>V qv¸ÅoqT 2B,q, q, q,} (v,Jz)1 1 1 }$}±¸Á{|>¡¹µ I$¼ ½o|{ F J1 (v, z) =. Z. T 0. H(u,y),(u,y) (¯ u, y¯, p¯)((v, z), (v, z))dt + z(T )∗ φyy (¯ y (T ))z(T ) Z T + z(t)∗ gyy (¯ y (t))z(t)d¯ η (t).. »¹ Ö¼ >o¯V\¹ T¼º}?}± o¡Vq m>m>qvo²Z¡W*}q, >~²ZV ~q, º}NM¬ q W? >o¯VŽ~ m> q ² BT$V¸m>q}±qT |²ZV oq á $«?m ~¯V¿¹µ}±q,qS: =Ö¼F ¸Á 5 (v, z) ∈ V × Z ½ (v, z) 6= 0 ½o}$}±¸Á{Wo¡Ä¹Z I¼³²¹ V¼ . ¹ ¼ J1 (v, z) > 0, 6 +(&7 o´ l?moqÆ}±qT V>|²³ ~q }N M¬ q Wà >o¯V\¹ ,¼Q>}q,¬moqv}±o{>}q >}ÂW{ >{~}±}Å}«ªqT 5q, <mmoqªVoqº¡VÂVq : , =³½$«moq, qºmoqªq W {AVW4 >}± Wª¹» KV¼Å}4p±q,<´ l?m>qÆ~moV }ªo q,}q WF|opq pq mo~<½~>}q,*, _q,W>>},½W$«o¡ moqT! 5moq |q ÂW{¬¸4moqFW>V~ ƸÁ p $Âq ?moqF}o>}> q~q °oq,|{K¹» I¼>K¹µ9 <V¼ ½>«mo mĸ2¸ Wq, qT}oo,$V>} ½|«moqAmoqJÂV1 q ¯°,$V*¸¹ ,¼Ã> V qÆ q p>}? q ´ 0. ÔÔ æY>ÜTÛOZà![ Ý\ Þ ß].
(56) T . %
(57) &+S.. Âq,. (µ, u) ∈ M0 × U. ½>~q,oq|{. yuµ. moq} $qA}~V ¸Á 5>´ >´ t ∈ [0, T ]. Y. ¸ F. y˙ uµ (t) = f µ (u(t), yuµ (t)) ; yuµ (0) = y0µ , RT J : U → R u 7→ 0 `µ (u(t), yuµ (t))dt + φµ (yuµ (T )). ¹ V¼. >*moq V}±Ã¸Á>>V ½ ´ y|> q\} * poq pq W ¯{/~|q,}o¬mo $> m W},½?moq\ }± >o qĸAmoq q, { ¹Á/moqÄ}q >}q¸v|op1q, ¬>j ~q, 1¸v o>> { }> V> m/VW} ¼ " % 9 2 >>~q 1Ä}±p q o >Å´ Q5$«Ãq Âq, ,½«ªq«ª}±q,qm>F|{j¹»É L¼ ½ oo {Ç ,} q ~ {Ao qT}±q, ÂVq,<½$>Am$2W{¬¹µÉtW¼½$moqªVo{Amo q qªW}}>¯qT}¸Á 25> m WQ}ÆqT Vpq Vo>o { ½W q,p¬V> m¬ Wª ªqT VpqvÂVqt$Ã~,}~V>}¸<moqÆq, ±o qT > Voq,p} ´Al?m>$Æ}Æ«m>v«Ãq1,m>HÂ|o¡ '.!%& &%S!&(#& #N&/ ¸ºVÂq V>} W } m>$5¸ (¯u, y¯) ½>}±q,>}qÆpV~qAo qT }±qAÄ}±qT ´ Ãq $«h}?> p q,}o,½|m$5«Å qo $ÂqTq, ,´ Ë|Ï ¦ Ë (¯u, y¯) !SH0 %.&
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(59) "! $# %8'! 5 % * 'C '. #% 2%T !& %. &/H #N 2. ¹»¼ %& ; 9 2 9 %. (P µ ) %O# (P µ ) '&/ " S '!%&%'%%G (V , V ) % # (¯u, µ ) '.&/ " 2% !
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(61) V µ '. #N. #%&+ #.&/ &/% T ' !% % H T '.&/("(u , y ) (P c, r > 0 0. '. u. J µ (u) ≥ J µ (uµ ) + cku − uµ k22 ,. ∀u ;. ku − u ¯k∞ < r,. g µ (yuµ ) ≤ 0 on [0, T ];. ¹ ¼. ¹»Ö¼ * '.P&/% S!!%8O%&/&P!# !% % ! (
(62) - % '% 2 J9 % # '&T).% ! %%& ! % " " 6 ! 9% U
(63) (pµ , ηµ ) '! #N. #. % 2 ! ! + #N ) &! !% E T ' ' % ! W% #N % (uµ , yµ ) * ' (uµ , yµ ) "- ' #N. #.$0 % &
(64) 9 '+(E)9) &E+( %O# T. ' ' '.!%&%'%% % # µ µ µ µ (P µ ) uµ u ¯. &#.% #W@% '.µE%7→ " ) !' W. . . !% &%'%(u %GJ,%Oy# , p , η ) ∈ U × Y × L∞ (0, T ; Rn∗ ) × L∞ (0, T ) µ0 ¶·¿¸» m>q q}omoq pK qT}±>¯ q mo>Kl?mÅ´~´ ´¬¾¿qo $ÂVq1 l?mÅ´ ´ m>$o~q ¹µÉvV¼³²¹»ÉtW¼½ 70 %.&
(65) 9 9 &/+( ½ÅZ´ qV´} $ { W} y) ¸ (P µ) ½«m (u, µ) ¿ >q ¡m|V m>W~¸ (¯u, µ ) m>HÂq1¬oq,¡VmW o¡¬} > q1¸º (u, ÂqF >}± W}5¬m>$Ƹ ¹µ>> > ,½mHÂ0qð>oq,{p|{5o W} ¼´Ql?mo}Q}º q, {F}± o¡Vq Q q,}oQ(¯um>, y¯ ) moqq È~}q > q¸>oWoq~ ~p}±V~VǸ (P µ) }AKq´ ¡>´¬l?mÅ ´ K>´ : , =v¹Á«moq, q Vo{*moqp> ? (ii) ⇒ (i)A«?}5|ÂqT}¡W$q,>¼ ½m>moq1ooV>q oqT}}t¸Q2W {V¡ q È| q p}v}$}±¸Á{|>¡}pq qT} V>}Æ moq F}± >o q½V}vX : o½l?mÅ´ ´ =Z´FstoV>q oqT}} ¸}±$V> {VW } ½~ q, ± }q >}q½|}?oq qT~q,*o¬moqApo $V (i) ⇒ (ii) *moq $ÂVqtmoq V q,p´ ¶·\}q, L~½ «Ãq«4o $Â|~qmoqF°> }±±²³ ~q, 5q È~>>}±Ä¸Qmoq1~,V~p2}±Vo V}}~ $q,¬p1ooq }?¸4m>qq, ±o q,o >q,p´
(66). 8##A D-:*#%2+ L A4 #. Ã{. ¹»ÉƼ³²¹»É ¼ ½5oo{|>¡ moqÇpo *¸Áo> moq V q,p h¹ ¼³²¹ TV¼½«Ãq pH{/q È~o q,}}moq ¡Vq o Â$ oqT} (u, η ) V q,V m } C1 ¸Áo>V>}1¸?moq~24 q, q,VºÂ$ oq,} (y, p ) ´ 1. 1. ÒÁÓ4ÔÅÒÖÕ.
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