Economic Commission for Africa
ECA PARTNERS
PROFILE
ECA Partners Profiles 2010
Table of Contents
Introduction 1
I. Historic Partners 3
Austria 4
Belgium 7
Canada 10
Denmark 15
Finland 18
France 21
Germany 25
India 28
Italy 31
Japan 34
Republic of Korea 38
Netherlands 40
Norway 43
Spain 46
Sweden 50
Switzerland 54
United Kingdom 58
United States 62
II. Multilateral Partners 65
The African Development Bank (AfDB) 66
European Union 69
The OPEC Fund for International Development 72
The World Bank 74
III. Foundations/Non Profit Organizations/Civil Societies 77
The African Capacity Building Foundation 78
Carnegie Corporation of New York 80
Commonwealth Foundation 82
Ford Foundation 84
Google Foundation 87
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
Microsoft Foundation 89
The Rockefeller Brothers Fund 92
Shell Foundation 95
The Open Society Institute and SOROS Foundations Network 98 International Organization of the Francophonie (OIF) 102
IV. UN Agencies 105
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) 106
United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM) 109
United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF) 112
The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 114 The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) 117 The United Nations Fund for International Partnerships (UNFIP) 119
The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) 121
The United Nations Trust Fund for African Development (UNTFAD) 124
World Trade Organization (WTO) 126
V. Prospective Partners 129
Australia 130
China 133
William J. Clinton Foundation 136
The Coca-Cola Foundation 140
The Gates Foundation 142
Ireland 144
The Mo Ibrahim Foundation 147
Nokia 149
Portugal 152
iv
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
Introduction
The EGA 2007-2009, and 2010 - 2012 Business Plans were anchored on the two pillars of promoting regional integration in support of the African Union vision, and helping Africa to meet its special needs. This strategy remains valid and responsive to Africa's development challenges. The Commission therefore continues to place emphasis on delivering results in these two areas through its existing service lines of knowledge generation, sharing and networking; advocacy and consensus building; and advisory services and technical cooperation; and focusing its "operations'1 on a more limited set of sectors and themes where its competence and contribution are widely acknowledged.
The ECA 2010-2012 Business Plan outlined how EGA plans to deepen its work in identified priority areas and highlights how the Commission plans to strengthen its partnership and collaboration with the AUG, the African Development Bank (AfDB) and the REGs. Many potential partners possess extensive networks, a history of building institutional capacities, and the insight and goodwill that Africa needs. The plan therefore highlighted how EGA would work closely with development partners to address the Continent's emerging priorities.
The ability of the Commission to effectively carry out its work programme and assist the key elements of Africa's regional development framework depends critically on the extra-budgetary (XB) resource funding support from partners and donors.
As we look forward to renewing existing partnerships and building new ones in support of the EGA 2010 - 2012 Business Plan, the Partnership and Technical Cooperation Office (PATGO) has developed the ECA Partners/Donor Profile to aid the Commission's partnership and resource mobilization drive.
This document is the third edition of "Partners Profile" on EGAs existing and potential partners. It serves to enhance and promote awareness of, and facilitate easy contact with partners by providing the most current information available about Partners in the following areas:
• Contact Details of the partners/donors;
• Field of priority/Areas of Interest of the partners/donors;
• History and co-operation with EGA;
• Geographic and Sectoral Concentration of Development Assistance; and
• Brief history and Economic Data of the partners/donors.
It is envisaged that this document will be regularly updated in order to maintain its relevance as a useful tool in EGAs technical co-operation programme.
1. Historie Partners
Austria
Contact Details
Headquarters Embassy in Ethiopia
Austrian Development Agency H.E. Dr. Gedrun Graf Dr. Leonhard Moll
(ADA) Ambassador of Austrian Head of Coordination Office
Federal Ministry for Austrian Embassy Austrian Development Co-operation Foreign Affairs Old Airport Area, P.O.Box 11553, Addis Ababa
Ballhausplatz 2 P.O.Box 1219 Ethiopia
1014 Vienna Addis AbabaEthiopia
www.ada.gv.at www.aussenministerium.at www.entwicklung.at addis-abeba-ob@bmaa.gv.at addisababa@ada.gv.at TEL:+43 5 01150 4459 +251-113-712144/712445/
710052 +251-115-533828
+251-113-712140 +251-115-533831
Point of reference at EGA: Office of the Executive Secretary (OES) Tel: +251 115 511231/+251 115 443336
1. Areas of Interest
Austrian Development Cooperation (ADC) pursues its goals of reducing global poverty, ensuring peace and human security and preserving the environment in an international framework. The policies and programme parameters are agreed on with the European Union and in international committees (EU, UN, OECD). Two policy pillars of bilateral and multilateral development cooperation are the Millennium Development Goals and the Paris Declaration.
ADC supports countries in Africa, Asia and Central America as well as in South-Eastern Europe in their sustainable social, economic and democratic development. Austrian Development Agency (ADA) is responsible for the implementation of all bilateral programmes and projects in the ADC partner countries and administrates the corresponding budget.
ADC priorities in the sub-Saharan region are programmes and projects for reconciliation, ensuring peace and human security and promoting democracy. Together with other partners, Austria supports programmes to strengthen civil society. Educational and information campaigns on basic and women's rights help to advance popular participation in policymaking
ADC is engaged in partner countries in seven priority regions. It contributes to improving conditions of life and promoting sustainable social, economic and democratic development. The main activities relate to water management and sanitation, energy, rural development, education, private-sector development and governance.
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
2. History and co-operation with EGA
There has been some co-operation between Austrian Development Agency (ADA) and EGA.
ADA contributed the sum of US$ 127,590.00 to support the Extension of the African Gender Development Index (AGDI) in May 2006.
3. Geographic concentration of development assistance
In line with the international trend towards regional programmes and away from isolated commitments, Austrian Development Gooperation (ADG) concentrates on seven key regions in Africa, Asia, Gentral America and South Eastern Europe. Sixteen local offices ensure that operations are based on collaborative partnership, so that development cooperation is geared to local conditions and organised to maximum effect.
Austria's bilateral development assistance has been primarily concentrated on the following regions:
• Gentral America: Nicaragua
• West Africa/Sahel: Burkina Paso
• East Africa: Ethiopia, Uganda
• Southern Africa: Mozambique
• The Himalayas/Hindukush: Bhutan
• Other key regions: Palestinian Territories
• South-Eastern Europe/Western Balkan: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Serbia, Kosovo
• Southern Gaucasus.
4. Economic Data
Economy overview: Austria, with its well-developed market economy and high standard of living, is closely tied to other EU economies, especially Germany's. Its economy features a large service sector, a sound industrial sector, and a small, but highly developed agricultural sector. Following several years of solid foreign demand for Austrian exports and record employment growth, the international financial crisis and global economic downturn in 2008 led to a recession that persisted until the third quarter of 2009. Austrian GDP contracted 3.6% in 2009 but it will probably see positive growth of nearly 2% in 2010. Unemployment has not risen as steeply in Austria as elsewhere in Europe, partly because its government has subsidized reduced working hour schemes to allow companies to retain employees. Such stabilization measures, stimulus initiatives, and the government's income tax reforms pushed the budget deficit to about 5% of GDP in 2009, from only about 0.6% in 2008.
The Austrian economy has benefited greatly in the past from strong commercial relations, especially in the banking and insurance sectors, with central, eastern, and south eastern Europe, but these sectors have been vulnerable to recent international financial instabilities. Some of Austria's largest banks have required government support - including in some instances, nationalization - to prevent insolvency and possible regional contagion. In the medium-term all large Austrian banks will need additional capital. Even after the global economic outlook improves, Austria will need to continue restructuring, emphasizing knowledge-based sectors of the economy, and encouraging greater labor
5
flexibility and greater labor participation to offset growing unemployment and Austria's aging population and exceedingly low fertility rate.
GDP: Purchasing power parity—US$323.1 billion (2009 est.) GDP: per capita — US$ 34,900 (22009 est.)
Economic aid:
ODAJGNI: 0.29% (2001) Amount: $ 533 million Currency: Euro (EUR) Fiscal year: calendar year
ECA Partners Profiles 2010
Belqium
Contact Details
Headquarters Embassy in Ethiopia Regional Representative
Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs H.E. Gunther Sleeuwagen Has been closed for 3 years.
Foreign Trade and Development Ambassador of Belgium to Not active.
Co-operation Belgium Ethiopia and Permanent Rue des petits Carmes, 15 Representative to A.U
B-1000 Brussels Embassy of Belgium
Belgium Fikremariam Street
Woreda 16, Kebele 01 Addis Ababa,Ethiopia WEBSITE; www.dgdc.be 251 116 611813/611643 TEL; +32 2 501.81.11 251 116 623420/621291 FAX; +32 2 501 84 96
Point of reference at ECA: Office of the Executive Secretary (OES) Tel; +251 115 511231/+251 115 443336
1. Areas of Interest
For Belgium, combating poverty holds a central place in efforts to achieve sustainable development.
Its reference to the political dimension of poverty highlights the close relation between fundamental human needs and human rights. Elementary needs cannot be satisfied unless a number ofpreconditions are met. For this reason, Belgium couples respect for the safety and freedom of men and women living in insecure circumstances due to war and social injustice with its priority aim of combating poverty. This goes hand-in-hand with special attention to the rights of children, who are the first victims of poverty and war. Combating poverty has therefore become a matter of redistribution and empowerment, in short, a matter of rights.
The Belgian cooperation has selected twelve organizations to which it would like to make a larger contribution over the next three years: the World Bank, UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF, WHO, UNAIDS, the Global Fund (to Fight HIV/AIDS, TBC and Malaria), OCHA, ICRC, FAO, CGI AR and UNEP.
Belgium also recognizes the key role of the local private sector, especially small and medium enterprises and micro-firms. As a result it has recently established a policy, a programme, and appropriate instruments to promote the private sector in poor countries.
Priority sectors of the Belgium Development Cooperation are:
• Education, health and population
• Basic infrastructure
• "Gender": the struggle for greater equality between women and men
• Humanitarian aid
7
• Controlling conflicts and reconstructing peace
• Migrations and refugees
• Environment
• Agriculture and food security
• Emergency aid
Technical support in the form of grants or other non-recoverable contributions is handled by the Belgian Technical Co-operation (CTB) while direct and indirect financial contributions, in the form of recoverable investment, are handled through the BIO, a corporation for promoting investment in developing countries. BIO was set up in 2001.
2. History and co-operation with ECA
ECAs cooperation with the Belgium Government started in 1979 with a two-year grant of $ 199,000 to assist ECA in the field of gender and to support the ECA African Trade Unit. Subsequently, the Government provided regular support to the work of the Commission until 2001. A consolidated envelope of $ 3.2 million was used over the years for implementation of projects in the areas of:
inventory of mineral resources in Africa, reduction of food losses through insect pest management;
prevention of prost; harvest food losses; gender; tie and dye training in cooperatives in West Africa;
transport; and the African Development Forum (ADF) 2000.
3. Geographic concentration of development assistance
Belgium deliberately concentrates Official Development Assistance (ODA) in terms of the relative poverty of recipient countries, first and foremost in sub-Saharan Africa. The countries listed and highlighted below are the usual top ten recipients.
The ODA breakdown between bilateral and multilateral assistance is around 60-40. The proportion of multilateral aid is above the DAC average of 22%. Belgium has recently been seeking to refocus its multilateral action on a smaller number of international institutions including UN and EU.
Bilateral ODA is distributed as follows:
• Sub-Saharan Africa: Democratic Republic of Congo, Cameroon, Rwanda, Tanzania, Niger, Burundi
• West and East Africa: Burkina Paso, Ethiopia, Cote d lvoire, Senegal, Mauritania, Nigeria, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Sudan, Angola,, Zimbabwe
• South and Central Asia: Viet Nam
• Other Asia and Oceania
• Middle East and North Africa
• Latin America and Caribbean: Bolivia
• Europe
4. Economic Data
Economy overview: This modern private enterprise economy has capitalised on its central geographic location, highly developed transport network, and diversified industrial and commercial base. Industry is concentrated mainly in the populous Flemish area in the north. With few natural
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
resources, Belgium must import substantial quantities of raw materials and exports a large volume of manufactures, making its economy unusually dependent on the state of world markets. About three-quarters of its trade is with other EU countries (77.2% and 73.7% for its exports and imports respectively). Belgium's major industries include; basic metals, chemicals, fabricated metal products, motor vehicle assembly, processed food and beverages. Major trading partners are Germany, Netherlands, France, UK, USA and Italy.
GDP: €381.4bn (2009 est.)
GDP per head: €36,600 (2009 est.)
Economic aid:
ODA/GNI: 0.7% (2000) Amount: $812 million (2000) Currency: Euro (EUR)
Fiscal year: Calendar year
9
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
Canada
Contact Details
Headquarters Embassy in Ethiopia Regional Representative
Ms. Nadia KOSTIUK, Embassy of Canada Edmond Wega
Regional Director General, Southern Woreda 23, Kebele 12 CIDA Director for Ethiopia and and Eastern Africa House Number 122 Head of Development Co-operation Canadian International Development P.O.Box 1130 for the Horn of Africa.
Agency Addis Ababa Addis Ababa
Geographic Programs Ethiopia
Therese Poirer
Ms. Louise CLEMENT F.S, CIDA field representative for
Director General Geographic and Regional Programs
Regional Programs Addis Ababa
Eastern and Southern Africa 200 Promenade du Portage Hull, Quebec
Canada
K1A0G4 251-113-713022
251-113-713033
TEL: (819) 953-6550 (Nadia) and 251-113-713022
Louise:(819) 994-4297 251-113-713033
FAX: (819) 953-6379
Point of reference at EGA: Office of the Executive Secretary (OES) Tel: +251 115 511231/+251 115 443336
1. Areas of Interest
For several decades, Canada has sought to improve the quality of life of people in developing countries.
In 2009, the Government of Ganada developed a new action plan to make its international aid even more targeted and effective, and to ensure better reporting of results to Canadians.
The Government of Ganada is improving its programs to achieve aid effectiveness. For e.g. Ganada announced in 2008 its decision to untie its food aid and to untie all its aid by 2013. Canada's new approach to aid effectiveness reflects the priority themes that guide Ganada International Development Agency's (GIDA) work: increasing food security, stimulating sustainable economic growth, and securing the future of children and youth.
Increasing Food Security
GIDA's Food Security Strategy will focus on increasing availability and access to quality nutritious food; increasing the stability of food supplies and supporting improved governance of the global food system. To achieve these goals, GIDA will concentrate its efforts over the next three years on sustainable agricultural development, food assistance and nutrition, and research and innovation.
This strategy reflects GIDA's commitment to focus its programming where real results and benefits are possible. Building on Canada's strengths, GIDA's new Food Security Strategy will respond to the impacts of the food crisis, climate change and the global economic recession that has now moved over a billion of the world's most vulnerable peoples into extreme hunger and starvation by
ECA Partners Profiles 2010
supporting strategic, sustainable, and effective initiatives. CI DA will follow three paths - food aid including nutrition, agriculture, and research - toward helping developing countries become more food self-sufficient, an essential base for all long-term development.
CIDA's strategy is designed to empower the poorest and most disadvantaged by reducing their vulnerability to various factors that impact their food security, including food shortages, market barriers, and constraints to agricultural productivity. The Food Security Strategy includes short, medium, and long-term measures to increase agricultural development, provide more effective food assistance, promote nutrition as a key consideration in food security, and spur innovative and practical research.
The strategy includes a new Canadian International Food Security (CIFS) Research Fund. This US$62 million fund, a joint initiative between CIDA and the International Development Research Centre, will support research partnerships between Canadian and developing-country organizations.
Research activities will focus on applied research to address food insecurity, and may include work on crop resilience, the nutritional value of crops, and infectious diseases related to crops and animal production.
CIDA's Food Security Strategy also builds on Prime Minister Harper's announcement during the G8 Summit held in I'Aquila, Italy in 2009: Canada would more than double its investment in sustainable agricultural development with an additional US$600 million in funding over three years.
As part of that commitment, the Government of Canada will double its support to the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) to US$75 million over three years and support two Challenge Programs undertaken by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR).
CIDA will work with other partners to improve the accessibility, management and storage of food aid. She highlighted CIDA's support for the World Food Programme's innovative Purchase for Progress (P4P) pilot programs in Afghanistan and Ghana. The Food Security Strategy will build on Canada's strong foundations as the third largest single country partner to the World Food Programme, the Vice-Chair of the Food Aid Convention, and a leader in supporting programs of recognized organizations such as IFAD, CGIAR, and the World Bank.
Securing the Future of Children and Youth
Under the Government of Canada's commitment to more focus, efficiency, and accountability, CIDA's Children and Youth Strategy will target three key paths: Increasing child survival, including maternal health; improving the quality of education; and helping to ensure the safety and security of children and youth.
CIDA will refocus programming to support efforts that ensure that children have the best possible start in life by putting in place programs and projects that have a positive impact on child survival and maternal health. Helping developing countries achieve their education goals has been a key part of CIDA's work for many years. Going forward, CIDA will promote access to basic education of
1 1
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
good quality, so that children complete the first 10 years of school and gain the knowledge and skills they need to contribute to their families and communities.
CIDA's new strategy also includes measures to create a safe and secure environment for children to learn and grow to become productive members of their societies.
Building on its long history of working to help children, CIDA will increase programming in areas where it has already achieved considerable success with proven interventions such as basic education, child survival, and maternal health. It will also continue to explore ways to help partner countries protect the rights of children and youth and ensure their safety and security.
CIDA has announced a US$150 million contribution to the Micronutrient Initiative as part of its new strategy to reduce the burden of illness, disease, and childhood deaths thereby increasing childhood survival and good health.
To support the path of improving the quality of education, CIDA will, among other things, contribute US$60 million to the Education for All - Fast Track Initiative, a global partnership between partner and developing countries. To date, this initiative has achieved effective results with 20 million more children now in school in sub-Saharan Africa since its inception in 2002. The Canadian contribution will help developing countries further increase enrolment and the quality of education.
The Children and Youth Strategy complements CIDA's other priority themes of food security and economic growth and maximizes Canadian leadership toward increased aid effectiveness.
Stimulating Sustainable Economic Growth
This strategy is still in development and will be publicly unveiled in spring 2010.
2. History and co-operation with ECA
CIDA started more significant cooperation with ECA in 2002-2003. Before that, CIDA disbursed a total of US$1 million for 5 initiatives related to supporting conferences organized by ECA and the Integration of Women project. Up to December 2009, CIDA will have disbursed a total of US$17,328,626 to ECA.
Under the ePol-NET program (US$10 million 2003-2008), African policy-makers developed strategies, policies, and regulations on information and communications technologies with technical assistance. The Canada Fund for Africa grant to ePol-Net African node hosted in ECA amounted to US$2.87 million and was disbursed through Industry Canada. The African centre focused on assessing country needs and raising awareness of the role of ICTs in development and of ePol-Net's services. It developed and channelled requests for assistance from local governments, institutions and individuals to centres with appropriate expertise, including the Canadian e-Policy Resource Centre (CePRC). The Canadian and African centres addressed a wide range of policy issues, regulations and strategies in areas such as e-commerce, legal and policy frameworks, telecommunications policies and regulations, Internet governance, e-government and connectivity strategies.
ECA Partners Profiles 2010
The African Trade Policy Centre - ATPC I (US$5 million 2003-2008) was established by the ECA with a grant from the Canada Fund for Africa. The project assisted in building African capacities to negotiate trade agreements and integrate trade into national development strategies. ATPC promoted trade both within Africa and with the rest of the world. The Centre's activities included training, information dissemination, consensus building and advisory services. Specifically, ATPC provides independent, Africa-specific research, training, knowledge and technical support and advice on trade-related issues.
Recognizing the importance of trade in the development of Africa, in 2008 CI DA approved a US$14.7 million (2008-2013) grant to ECA for the ATPC II, with a specific focus on regional integration and strengthening of African regional communities. The project that started in 2008 will equip the East African Community (EAC), the Southern African Development Community (SADC), and the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and their member states to better represent their interests in negotiating trade agreements, integrate trade into regional and national economic policies, and promote trade among Africans and with the rest of the world.
It also effectively involves the private sector and civil society in this process.
3. Geographic concentration of development assistance
Canadian aid through all channels (including multilateral and partnership) reaches virtually every one of the approximately 120 developing countries in the world (those with a medium or low Human Development Index (HDI)). CIDA has traditionally described its bilateral assistance as focused on 20 core countries and regions spread throughout Asia, the Americas and Africa. Most of these countries have been important recipients of Canadian aid for at least 20 years. A few have recently become more important recipients of Canadian aid and they have been added to the list of core recipients while others (a very few) have been gradually withdrawn from the list. CIDA is strengthening its aid effectiveness by focusing on fewer countries and collaborating more closely with other partners to avoid duplication and heighten overall impact. The Government of Canada has identified twenty Countries of Focus, chosen on their real needs, their capacity to benefit from aid, and their alignment with the Canadian foreign policy priorities. These are: Bolivia, Caribbean Regional Program, Colombia, Haiti, Honduras, Peru, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan, Vietnam, Ukraine, West Bank, Gaza, Ethiopia, Ghana, Mali, Mozambique, Senegal, Sudan and Tanzania.
Most importantly, they are responding to the needs and priorities of developing country partners, working hard to ensure that these countries are driving their own agenda.
In collaboration with the African Union, CIDA works in areas such as African trade policy and carries out projects like Nile environmental project and the Canadian coalition on HIV/AIDS and youths in Africa. It also participated in the transitioning and restructuring of the African Union.
Furthermore, CIDA has multilateral programs; for example, with UNICEF it has child feeding and micronutrient programs.
13
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
4. Economic Data
Economy overview: As an affluent, high-tech industrial society in the trillion-dollar class, Canada resembles the US in its market-oriented economic system, pattern of production, and affluent living standards. Since World War II, the impressive growth of the manufacturing, mining, and service sectors has transformed the nation from a largely rural economy into one primarily industrial and
urban.
The 1989 US-Canada Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) (which includes Mexico) touched off a dramatic increase in trade and economic integration with the US, its principal trading partner. Canada enjoys a substantial trade surplus with the US, which absorbs nearly 80% of Canadian exports each year. Canada is the US's largest foreign supplier of energy, including oil, gas, uranium, and electric power. Given its great natural resources, skilled labor force, and modern capital plant, Canada enjoyed solid economic growth from 1993 through 2007. Buffeted by the global economic crisis, the economy dropped into a sharp recession in the final months of 2008, and Ottawa posted its first fiscal deficit in 2009 after 12 years of surplus. Canada's major banks, however, emerged from the financial crisis of 2008-09 among the strongest in the world, owing to the country's tradition of conservative lending practices and strong capitalization.
With its great natural resources, skilled labour force, and modern capital plant, Canada enjoys solid economic prospects. Major industries are: transportation equipment, chemicals, processed and unprocessed minerals, food products, wood and paper products, fish products, petroleum, natural gas, forestry and agriculture. United States, Mexico and China are its major trading partners.
GDP: Purchasing power parity $1,287 billion (2009 est.)
GDP per head: $38,400 (2009) Currency: Canadian Dollar Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March
ECA Partners Profiles 2010
Denmark
Contact Details
Headquarters Embassy in Ethiopia
Head of United Nations Department Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs Asiatisk Plads 2 DK-1448
Copenhagen Denmark www.um.dk
um@um.dk
TEL: 45/33 92 00 00 FAX: 45/32 54 05 33
Royal Danish Embassy Mekanisa, Buna Board Road, P.O.Box 12955,
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
gkl.addis@telecom.net.et +251 113 711399
Ms. Pernille Dahler Kardel Ambassador
Mr. Frank Madsen Deputy Head of Mission
+251 116 187 075
Point of reference at ECA: Office of the Executive Secretary (OES) Tel: +251 115 511231/+251 115 443336
1. Areas of Interest
Denmark is among the worlds most prosperous countries. This gives it a special obligation to promote freedom, peace and progress in the world with the responsibility to contribute to better opportunities for development and to combat the extreme poverty in many developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. At the same time, the government of Denmark has a clear self- interest in the consolidation of open, democratic and economically sustainable societies.
The Danish government maintains the economic level of development assistance - also at a time of crisis. The economic crisis is affecting the poorest developing countries hard, and this makes it even more important for the international partner community to honour its obligations. Development assistance will be increased to approx. 0.83 per cent of GNI in 2010, and the government will thereby maintain the nominal level of development assistance in 2009. In addition, there will be a focus on enhanced effectiveness in development assistance through an ongoing follow-up of the Paris Declaration and the Accra Action Plan.
Poverty reduction remains the fundamental challenge for Danish development cooperation. At the same time, Danish development policy is recognised as a central and integral part of Danish foreign and security policy.
Denmark will continue to strengthen its foreign and security policy by focusing Danish development assistance on five priority areas:
• Social and economic development
• Human rights, democratization and good governance
• Stability, security and the fight against terrorism
• Refugees, humanitarian assistance and regions of origin
• Environment
15
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
The Government constantly works to ensure that Danish assistance fulfils its original goal of helping the poor by providing critical investments in education and health, infrastructure plus support for the development of a private sector as an engine for growth. Special emphasis is put on the effort to promote the respect for human rights and poverty reduction for women and their participation in the development process.
2. History and co-operation with ECA
In 2008, Denmark supported the African Development Forum IV to an amount of US$ 300,000 and in 2009 a total amount of US$1,284,750 was received and transferred to the Pool Fund.
3. Geographic concentration of development assistance
The Danish government maintains the economic level of development assistance — also at a time of crisis. The economic crisis is affecting the poorest developing countries hard, and this makes it even more important for the international partner community to honour its obligations. Development assistance will be increased to approx. 0.83 per cent of GNI in 2010, and the government will thereby maintain the nominal level of development assistance in 2009. In addition, there will be a focus on enhanced effectiveness in development assistance through an ongoing follow-up of the Paris Declaration and the Accra Action Plan.
The government continues its current development policy. At the same time, the government prepares the ground for renewal in response to the challenges that lie ahead. This applies particularly to the efforts to promote economic growth and create jobs for young people in Africa. Among other things, the government will be spearheading the follow-up of the recommendations of the Africa Commission and will thus contribute through better development assistance to Africa.
To mitigate the consequences of the economic crisis for the poorest countries, the government will work to ensure a strong international response with a focus on flexible and fast delivery of support for both short-term crisis interventions and longer term initiatives.
The government envisages the provision of enhanced assistance to fight climate change and it is strengthening its commitment to the promotion of democratic rule of law in developing countries based on the new strategy for democracy and human rights. The government continues to adjust the multilateral assistance, and the sustained effort to place gender equality and women's rights and opportunities at the heart of international development cooperation is being maintained. At the same time, the new humanitarian strategy lays the foundations for a strengthened Danish humanitarian engagement.
In August 2007 the Danish government presented Denmark's Strategy for Africa for the period 2007-2011. The strategy was a result of a thorough analysis and an in-depth public debate of Danish development priorities in Africa.
Denmark bilateral development assistance is concentrated on 15 selected programme countries, out of which the African countries receive the largest share. These are: Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan,
ECA Partners Profiles 2010
Bolivia, Burkina Faso, Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, Nepal, Nicaragua, Tanzania, Uganda, Vietnam and Zambia.
More development assistance is allocated towards Africa and attention is given to key challenges of development in Africa; Youth, employment, Climate changes and gender discrimination. The Danish government wishes to see African countries participate in globalisation as an equal economic partner and hopes to strengthen the Danish engagement in Africa.
4. Economic Data
Economy overview: This thoroughly modern market economy features a high-tech agricultural sector, state-of-the-art industry with world-leading firms in pharmaceuticals, maritime shipping and renewable energy, and a high dependence on foreign trade. The Danish economy is also characterized by extensive government welfare measures, an equitable distribution of income, and comfortable living standards. Denmark is a net exporter of food and energy and enjoys a comfortable balance of payments surplus. After a long consumption-driven upswing, Denmark's economy began slowing in early 2007 with the end of a housing boom.
The global financial crisis has exacerbated this cyclical slowdown through increased borrowing costs and lower export demand, consumer confidence, and investment. The global financial crises cut Danish GDP by 0.9% in 2008 and 4.3% in 2009. Historically low levels of unemployment have risen sharply with the recession. Denmark is likely to make a slow and modest recovery, though unemployment is likely to rise through 2010.
An impending decline in the ratio of workers to retirees will be a major long-term issue. Denmark maintained a healthy budget surplus for many years up to 2008, but the budget balance swung into deficit during 2009. Nonetheless, Denmark's fiscal position remains among the strongest in the EU. Despite previously meeting the criteria to join the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), so far Denmark has decided not to join, although the Danish krone remains pegged to the euro.
GDP: purchasing power parity - US$197.7 billion (2009 est.) GDP: per capita - US$ 36,200 (2009 est.)
Budget:
Revenues: US$175.4 billion
Expenditures: US$175.6 billion (2009 est.) Currency: Danish Kronor (DKK)
Fiscal year: Calendar year
17
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
Finland
Contact Details
Headquarters Embassy in Ethiopia Representative
Ms. Helena Airaksinen Embassy of the Republic of Finland Mr. Leo Olasvirta
Director Nifas Silk Lafto Kifle Ketema, K Ambassador of Finland to Ethiopia Unit for Eastern and Western 12, House No 1431 .Addis Ababa,
Africa Ethiopia Ms. Virpi Kankare
Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Counsellor
Finland Deputy Head of Mission
P.O.Box 154
00023 Valtioneuvosto E-mail: sanomat.add@formin.fi Helsinki, Finland www.finland.org.et
www.formin.finland.fi
+251 113 205920 +251 113 205920
TEL: +358(0)9 160 05 +251 113 205923 +251 113 205923
FAX: +358 (0)9 629 840
Point of reference at EGA: Office of the Executive Secretary (OES) Tel: +251 115 511231/+251 115 443336
1. Areas of Interest
The Foreign Ministry's new development policy framework programme for Africa creates a strategic frame of reference for strengthening partnership between Finland and Africa through development policy measures.
The framework programme is anchored in the Government's Development Policy Programme of 2007 and steers its implementation in practice. The framework programme pulls together everything done with regard to Africa, and creates a base for carrying out development cooperation efforts.
The departure points of the framework programme are the development opportunities and challenges facing the countries of Africa, and Finland's possibilities to bring added value to national and international development efforts. Elimination of poverty and promotion of sustainable development in accordance with the UN Millennium Development Goals require broad-based partnership and deepening of cooperation with Africa. Gloser partnership also reinforces Africa's equal participation in international interaction and global development.
Finland sees the regional integration of Africa as an important part of the continent's development efforts, and promotes the activities of regional and sub-regional organisations.
2. History and co-operation with ECA
The co-operation with the Government of Finland began in the 1980s with support given for the project on Road Safety Gongress. In 2002, Go-operation resumed when the Finnish Project Preparation Team visited EGA and produced a draft project framework document. As a result of
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
this work, a memorandum of understanding between EGA and the Government of Finland was signed in October 2003 in support of Information Society development in Africa for a total value of Euro 2,480,000 for the period 2003-2008. The EGA received a total amount of US$3,082,166.72 which represents the Government of Finland contribution.
Due to the need and importance of -Information Society development in Africa, an MOU between EGA and the Government of Finland was signed in December 2008 to support the implementation of a second phase of Information Society for development agenda. The agreement provides that the EGA will receive Euro 3.75 million for a three-year period, starting 2008, in support of EGA work programme in the implementation of the Information Society Development in Africa. So far, the Government of Finland has contributed directly to UNEGA 1,974,998 euros.
In December 2008, the African Development Forum received US$277,875.00 in support of the organization of its sixth forum.
3. Geographic concentration of development assistance
Finland's policy is implemented bilaterally and multilaterally through EU, international organizations and various international partnerships.
Finland channels its development funds into fields in which the potential for creating Finnish added value and exploiting Finnish experience in supporting the development programmes of partner countries is strong. Gooperation is planned together with the partner countries and regional cooperation organisations so that it suits their development plans, with the emphasis on their ownership of the process. Thematic and regional cooperation complements other channels of assistance.
Finland's eight long-term partner countries are Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Nepal, Nicaragua, Tanzania, Vietnam and Zambia. Finland supports also countries recovering from violent crises:
Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Sudan and the Palestinian Territories.
Finland provides cooperation of limited duration in countries which need special international support, for instance because of natural disasters or social upheaval. Decisions to provide such cooperation are motivated by a sudden rise in the need for aid.
4. Economic Data
Economy overview: Finland is highly industrialized market economy with per capita output roughly that of Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Sweden. Its key economic sector is manufacturing - principally the wood, metals, engineering, telecommunications, and electronics industries. Trade is important with exports accounting for over one third of GDP in recent years. Finland excels in high-tech exports such as mobile phones. Except for timber and several minerals, Finland depends on imports of raw materials, energy, and some components for manufactured goods.
Finland had been one of the best performing economies within the EU in recent years. Its banks and financial markets avoided the worst of global financial crisis. However, the world slowdown
19
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
hit exports and domestic demand hard in 2009, with Finland experiencing one of the deepest contractions in the euro zone, and will serve as a brake on economic growth in 2010. The slowdown of construction, other investment, and exports will cause unemployment to rise further from the level it reached in 2009. Long-term challenges include the need to address a rapidly aging population and decreasing productivity that threaten competitiveness, fiscal sustainability, and economic growth.
GDP: Purchasing power parity $183.1 billion (2009 est.) GDP per head: $34,900 (2009 est.)
Budget:
Revenues: $115.7 billion
Expenditures: $122.6 billion (2009 est.) Currency; Euro
Fiscal year: Calendar year
ECA Partners Profiles 2010
France
Contact Details
Headquarters Embassy in Ethiopia Representative
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs Directorate-General for
mondialisation (DGM) Rue de la Convention F - 75015 PARIS
www.france-ethiopie.info TEL: +33 1 53 69 30 00
Mr. Jean Christophe Belliard Ambassadeur Extraordinaire et Plenipotentiaire
Embassy of France in Ethiopia P. O. Box 1464
Addis Ababa Ethiopia
+251 111 400000 +251 111 400020
Mr. Patrick Cohen
Counsellor for culture and cooperation
Embassy of France Compound P.O. Box 5554
Addis Ababa Ethiopia
Point of reference at ECA: Office of the Executive Secretary (OES) Tel: +251 115 511231/+251 115 443336
1. Areas of Interest
Development assistance meets the requirement for solidarity at the heart of the French republican pact. It also addresses concerns about living in a safer world. World peace and security cannot arise out of misery, pandemics, and the lack of democratic countries concerned about the well-being of their populations.
The French government has agreed to increase Official Development Assistance (ODA) to 0.51%
of gross national income in 2010, a step towards the objective of 0.7% in 2015. In 2007, French assistance stood at 7.3 billion euros, i.e. 0.39 % of gross national income. In addition, France is carrying out strong diplomatic activities to promote innovative international mechanisms that are likely to provide additional resources for development.
Well before the emergence of discussions on financing adaptation to climate change and the debate on the contribution of the financial sector to ending the crisis, France put back, in spring 2009, an international agenda for a tax on the global financial sector.
France confirms that Africa is a priority intervention zone in which to focus assistance and make it more effective. It has developed multiyear strategies in the seven areas regarded as priority sectors to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDG): education, water and sanitation, health and the fight against AIDS, environmental protection, transport, infrastructures, and private sector development. In addition, strategies have been defined for three transversal sectors: governance, sustainable development, and gender equality.
Assistance is granted based on framework partnership documents (DCP) drawn up with recipient countries to accompany the initiatives of all the players involved in development. Besides the French Development Agency (AFD), the General Directorate for International Cooperation and
21
ECA Partners Profiles 2010
Development (DGCID) of the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs has chosen to further mobilize other ODA service providers. Local authorities are gaining increasing importance in this field. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are becoming privileged assistance operators.
Accordingly, the government has agreed to double the share of French ODA moving through NGOs in five years (from 2004 to 2009). Lastly, France is developing partnerships with the private sector.
2. History and co-operation with ECA
Tlie co-operation with the Government of France began in 1977 with both cash and in-kind contribution (provision of non-reimbursable loan experts), with an average amount of US$ 228,000 per year, which was generally pledged during the Pledging Conference of the United Nations Trust Fund for African Development (UNTFAD). These pledges and grants, which spanned over 10 years, were mainly provided for the implementation of specific activities in such areas as fisheries, development management, audiovisual communication, transports and communication, railway transport, and new and renewable sources of energy.
Since 1987, the French contribution increased to an average of US$ 250,000 per year and covered important areas such as marine resources and fisheries, French language studies, fellowships, and population issues.
From 1998, specific agreements and projects were implemented with a yearly grant of US$ 200,000 in the areas of Gender (Sixth Regional Conference on Women), development of websites, statistics and poverty monitoring.
New agreements in the field of communication and websites development were signed in May 2002, for implementation in the year 2002 and beyond.
Total grants received since the first co-operation agreement amounts to US$ 5.4 million.
In September 2009, the ECA received US$31,821.93 in support of the activities of household surveys project for the period May 2009 to April 2011 This amount was to fund for the services of a French technical assistant, Mr. Osbert, in the African Center for Statistics. Furthermore, a total amount of US$30,815.35 was obtained for the Case study: Trade and Development Policies in Mali.
The Government of France has the intention of supporting ECA's activities in the climate and environment sectors.
3. Geographic concentration of development assistance
France contributes some 19% of the European Union's development aid, and participates in the multilateral aid programmes of the development banks and the United Nations. Most of France's bilateral assistance is granted mainly to sub-Saharan Africa, via the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the French development agency (AFD), which supports over five hundred development projects each year, provide technical assistance and offer programmes of study grants in France. The focus is
EGA Partners Profiles 2010
on developing infrastructure, access to health care and education, the implementation of appropriate economic policies and the consolidation of the rule of law and democracy.
France's co-operation and official development assistance (ODA) policy is based on two major priorities: to increase its financial effort in developing countries and improve its efficacy.
With a contribution (ODA as a percentage of GNI) of 0.42% in 2004, corresponding to ODA of 6,900 million euros, France continues the upturn which began in 2003. It is maintained in 2005: the figures, although still provisional, show a contribution of 0.44%, corresponding to 7,400 million euros, which puts France in first place for G8 countries in terms of the percentage of GNI.
In amounts, France is in third place after the United States and Japan.
Furthermore, the government has set an official development assistance objective of 0.47% of GNI for 2006, i.e. a global contribution of 8,200 million euros. This forecast is in line with the objective of aid being 0.5% of GNI in 2007, a step on the road to 0.7% in 2012, which could be reached as early as 2005. The increase in resources primarily benefits Africa.
The quantitative increase in France's aid is accompanied by efforts in relation to aid efficacy. The inter-ministerial committee for international co-operation and development (CICID) meeting on 20 July 2004 took the decisions necessary for meeting the challenge; the reform of co-operation was detailed and completed by the CICID on 18 May 2005. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MAE) has the responsibility for the strategic aspects of ODA and new operational tasks are entrusted to the French Development Agency (AFD).
Geographically, 90% of France ODA in basic education goes to Francophone Africa, where it plays a crucial role not only in the development of the education systems but also in promoting the French language. African least developed countries receive over 80% of French bilateral ODA.
Every two years, France consults with African countries at Africa-France Summit, which are now open to all the countries on the continent.
4. Economic Data
Economy overview: France is in the midst of transition from a well-to-do modern economy that has featured extensive government ownership and intervention to one that relies more on market mechanisms. The government has partially or fully privatized many large companies, banks, and insurers, and has ceded stakes in such leading firms as Air France, France Telecom, Renault, and Thales. It maintains a strong presence in some sectors, particularly power, public transport, and defence industries. With at least 75 million foreign tourists per year, France is the most visited country in the world and maintains the third largest income in the world from tourism. France's leaders remain committed to a capitalism in which they maintain social equity by means of laws, tax policies, and social spending that reduce income disparity and the impact of free markets on public health and welfare,
France has weathered the global economic crisis better than most other big EU economies because of more resilient consumer and government spending, and lower exposure to the downturn in
23
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
global demand. Nonetheless, France's real GDP contracted 2.1% in 2009, while the unemployment rate increased from 7.4% in 2008 to nearly 10%.
In response to the economic crisis the government passed a $35 billion stimulus plan in February 2009 centered on investment in infrastructure and tax breaks for small businesses. Paris also created a $25 billion strategic investment fund to protect French companies from foreign takeovers, and President Nicolas Sarkozy proposed a $52 billion plan for strategic investments in science and technology. These various stimulus and investment measures are contributing to a deterioration of France's public finances. France's tax burden remains one of the highest in Europe - at nearly 50% of GDP. The government budget deficit rose sharply from 3.4% of GDP in 2008 to over 8% of GDP in 2009, topping the 3% euro-zone ceiling in both years. Sarkozy is expected to seek passage of some structural reforms - notably to the pension system and government bureaucracy - which have the potential to cut public expenditures, while he may delay additional, more costly, reforms.
GDP: Purchasing power parity $2.113 trillion (2009 est.)
GDP per head: $32,800 (2009 est.) Currency: Euro
Fiscal year: Calendar year
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
Germany
Contact Details
Headquarters Embassy in Ethiopia Representative
Mr. Albert Dr. Claas Dieter Knoop Mr. Ulrich Mohr
Director for Africa and the Middle East German Ambassador to Ethiopia Country Director The German Federal Ministry Embassy of the Federal GTZ, German House for Economic Cooperation and Republic of Germany Casa Inchis
Development (BMZ) P.O.Box 660 P.O.Box 12631
Stresemannstr. 94 Addis Ababa Addis Ababa
10963 Berlin Ethiopia Ethiopia
Germany
Dr. Mechthild Runger
Website: www.bmz.de Programme Coordinator
Email: info@bmz.bund.de www.addis-abeba.diplo.de GTZ Office
TEL: + 49 02 28 995350 +251 111 235139 www.gtz.de
FAX: +49 02 28 995353500 +251 111 235152 gtz-aethiopien@et.gtz.de Tel: +251 116 182586 Fax: +251 115 540764
Point of reference at EGA: Office of the Executive Secretary (OES) Tel: +251 115 511231/+251 115 443336
1. Areas of Interest
The development policy of the Federal Republic of Germany is an independent area of German foreign policy. It is formulated by the Federal Ministry for Economic Gooperation and Development (BMZ) and executed by German implementing organisations such as the GTZ.
The German government sees development policy as a joint responsibility of the international community, with Germany making effective and high-profile contributions. Germany has pledged to take an active part in realising the goals set out in the Millennium Declaration, the Monterrey Gonsensus and the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation.
Since it is in Africa that the greatest efforts are required to achieve the Millennium Development Goals, Germany's engagement in Africa has and will be particularly strong. But other regions too will be able to count on Germany as a reliable partner. The German government intends to raise the effectiveness of German development policy in keeping with the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness, through a clear international division of labour and good coordination with other partners.
2. History and co-operation with ECA
The co-operation with the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) started in 1970 with an ad-hoc support extended in the areas of import and export potentials in Africa, and Gender. A Standard Basic Agreement defining general co-operation framework was signed in 1985. Gonsequently, specific
25
EC A Partners Profiles 2010
agreements were signed from 1985 to 1990 for a total amount of $ 500,000 for the implementation of specific projects in the following areas: Post-Harvest Food Losses, Promotion of Coal and Lignite Resources in Africa, Data-Processing activities. Telecommunications Network Planning in the rural area, and PADIS.
In 1991, a new framework agreement for a total grant of $ 809,000 was signed in support of the EGA programme for the Promotion of Informal Sector for Development in Africa - Popular Participation.
In 1996, Germany decided to further extend its support in these areas with the signing of another agreement amounting to $ 1.9 million for a period of five years ending 2002.
The total grant received from Germany up to 2003 amounts to $ 9.9 million.
Germany continues to support a number of projects and workshops at the EGA. Amongst them are the contributions made to EGA Gapacity Building for IGT projects in Africa that amounted to US$1,089,843.50 and for the support of Governance in Africa in the sum of US$1,369,040.
A consultative workshop on peace and security in Africa was also funded to the amount of US$19,301.21. In partnership with Gabri-GTZ a sum of US$83,038.51 was donated for the third annual budget reform seminar in 2006.
3. Geographic concentration of development assistance
The BMZ adopted a new list of countries in February 2008, detailing the 57 countries with which it will be engaging in development cooperation over the long term. A number of other countries will continue to receive support under regional programmes or programmes dealing with specific sectors.
In 17 countries, ongoing programmes will be completed as planned and bilateral development cooperation then brought to an end.
The BMZ select partner countries on the basis of the overarching goals of German development policy: reducing poverty, securing peace and realising democracy, achieving justice in globalisation and protecting the environment.
In regional terms, Africa remains the main focus of German development cooperation. Almost half of all partner countries (24) are in sub-Saharan Africa. They particularly benefit from the plans to double funding for Africa by 2010. The following sub-Saharan countries benefited from the bilateral development cooperation in the context of country programmes: Ethiopia, Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Ghana, Gameroon, Kenya, D. R. Gongo, Madagascar, Mali, Malawi, Mauritania, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Zambia, Senegal, Sudan (southern Sudan), South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda
4. Economic Data
The German economy - the fifth largest economy in the world in PPP terms and Europe's largest- is a leading exporter of machinery, vehicles, chemicals, and household equipment and benefits from a highly skilled labour force. Like its western European neighbours, Germany faces significant
ECA Partners Profiles 2010
demographic challenges to sustained long-term growth. Low fertility rates and declining net immigration will increase pressure on the country's social welfare system and necessitate structural reforms. The modernization and integration of the eastern German economy - where unemployment can exceed 20% in some municipalities - continues to be a costly long-term process, with annual transfers from west to east amounting in 2008 alone to roughly $12 billion.
Reforms launched by the government of Germany (1998-2005), which was necessary to address chronically high unemployment and low average growth, contributed to strong growth in 2006 and 2007 and falling unemployment, which in 2008 reached a new post-reunification low of 7.8%. These advances were undone by the global financial crisis that began in 2008 and subsequent economic downturn, which drove Germany's export-driven economy into its deepest recession since World War II. GDP grew just over 1% in 2008 and contracted roughly 5% in 2009. Germany crept out of recession in the second and third quarters of 2009, thanks largely to rebounding manufacturing orders and consumer demand, and will recover to about 1.5% growth for the year 2010.
However, the strong euro, tighter credit markets, and a long anticipated bump in unemployment - which through 2009 was largely prevented with government subsidized, reduced working hour schemes - continue to cloud Germany's medium-term recovery prospects. Stimulus and stabilization efforts initiated in 2008 and 2009 and tax cuts will add to Germany's record-high public debt, which is expected to exceed 5% of GDP in 2010, and undercut Berlin's ability to comply by 2016 with new legislation that limits structural federal deficits to no more than 0.35% of GDP per annum.
GDP: (Purchasing Power Parity) US$2.112 trillion (2009 est.) GDP: US$34,200 (2009 est.)
Currency: Euro (EUR) Fiscal year: Calendar year
27
