- TPETHR 0630P

(1)

O43HI.1,HAJIbHbIE JOKYMEHTbI

BCEMHPHOH OPI'AHH3AI1,HH WABOOXPAHEHHR Ns 155

TPETHR 0630P

COCTOSIHNSí 3APABOOXPAHEHNR B MNPE

(1961 - ^1.964)

Bbtnyufeko u3daTeJlbcTeo112 «Medut.çuxa» no

nopytcetcuto MunucTepcTea sdpaeooxpatce- KUR Cotosa CoeeTctcux CocluanucTuttectcu.x Pecny6Rutc, xoTOpoxy B03 eeepuita ny6- Amato/0

dat-ircoeo

u3daKUR ha pycctcoM

Rsbctce

BCEMHPHASI OPI'AHH3AIiyISI 3JEPABOOXPAHEHMSI XXEHEBA

1968

(2)

IZPHMELIAHME

B Mae 1962 r. XV ceccHH BceMHpnoï3 accaMóJléH 3ApaBooxpaxeHHx,

o6cyuHB BTopoH o63op COCTOHHHH 3npaBOOXpaHeHHSI B MHpe 1, nO,IjrOTOBJIeH- HbIIi I,eHepaJlbHbIM 1[HpeKTOpoM, npeAJloxiHJla CTpaHaM-TIJIeHaM, B KaTaeCTBe .i(aJIbHeI3LHer0 mara no BbInOJIHeHHK) CBOHX 06x3aTeJIbCTB COrJIaCHO CTaTbe 61 YCTaBa, npej[OCTaBHTb B03M0}KHO 6OJIbinee KOJIIiTIeCTBO He06XOAHMbIX .i[aHHbIX ,aJISI nOjjTOTOBKH

TpeTbero o63opa,

OXB3TbIBalOnjerO nepno,n

1961-1964 rr.2. B TOï3 xse pe3oJII0uH4 I'enepaJlbxoMy AHpeKTOpy npeu.na-

TaJIOCb nOJ[rOTOBHTb TpeTHÎd o630p COCTOSIHHSI

3,apasooxpaneHHx B MHpe

KO BpeMeHH Co3bIBa XIX CecCHH BCeMHpHOÍÎ aCCaM6JIeH 3jjpaB00XpaHeHHSI.

B Mae 1966 r. XIX CeCCHSI BCeMHpHOI aCCaM6JIeH 3j(paBOOXpaHeHHSI 06CyAHJIa H npnHSIJIa K cBe,geHHK) TpeTHH 063op, BbIpa3HJIa npH3HaTeJIb- HOCTb CTpaHaM-HJIeHaM H CTpaHaM-coTpy,I(HHKaM 3a HX HOMOLub, COCTOSiB- LnyIO B npe1LOCTâBJIeHHH MaTepHaJIOB, H npelLJlo}KHJIa HM IIpHCJIaTb JIK)6yIO IlonOJIHHTeJIbHyK) HH(pOpMauHIO HJIH nonpaBKH, KOTOpble OHH COTITyT Heo6XO ,uHMbIM BKJIiOTIHTb B TpeTUÜ 0630 p 3.

«O611i10T

o630p», T.

e. ?3aCTb I HaCTOHHI,erO H3AaHHSí, CO,ijep}KHT pSIj 06LHHpHbIX pa3neJIOB, B KOTOpbIX aHaJIH3HpyiOTCSI onpejLeJIeHHbie aCneKTbl HH(popMauHH, npej[CTaBJIeHHOI3 B oTTieTaX, nOJ1yT3eHHbIX OT CTpaH-TiJIeHOB H cTpaH-coTpyj[HHKOB. OTTIeTbI no CTpaHaM KaK TaKOBble, C j[OnoJIH2HHSIMH H nonpaBKaMH, nOJIytIeHHbIMH OT npaBHTeJIbCTB, npHBOASITCSI B TiaCTH II.

' 00ut4.

aox. B03, 122.

2 Pe3o.mouxx WHA 15.43: Oc Pucy. aorc. B03, 118.

3 Pe3o,nFOuxx WHA 19.52: OOuty. aorc. B03, 151.

(3)

rlpeJixcJloBHe

CO,itEP}KAHHE

LiACTb I - OSIIIi/I11 OB3OP

r Ji a s a 1. BBeJ;eHHe ..

r JI a B a 2. CTaTHCTH9eCKHH 0630p ^.

CTaTHCTHKa cMepTHOCTH

CTaTHCTnKa 3a6oneBaeMocTx ^. ^.

1 JI a B a 3. HeKOTOpble aCneKTbl 3nHJ>,eMHOJIOrH4eCKOÎi O6CTaHOBKH ^.

7

7 9

17

MHCPeKuHOHHble 6oJIe3HH ^. ^. ^. 17

IlpottHe (paKTopb1 3a6oneEaeMocTH 28

1-J1 a B a 4. OcHOBHble npo6JleMb1 3J),pasOOxpaHeHHA ^. 31

XapaKTepxcTnxa a6luHx npo6neM no perxoHaM (1963-1964 rr.) ^. ³²

Apyrne oCHOBHble npa6neMbl 3ApasooxpanexHH .. ³⁷

Ilepenacenexxe ^. ^. 37

I-IeJ[ocTaTOK pa6oTH.HKas 3.gpanooxpaneaxx ^. 39

I---.1 a B a 5. CoItHaJIbHble H 3KOHOMHVecKHe npeO6pa3oBaHHSi B nepHo,I(

1955- 1964

rr., HmeBIIIHe

3HaYeHHe AJIA 3J],paBOOxpaHeHHSI ^. ^. 40

9KOHOMHmecKOe ai couxaJlbHoe nnaanpomaHxe ^. ⁴⁰

O6pa3osaHme ^. ^. ⁴¹

3HaveHHe npaBHTenbc'rsexno}í nOJIHTHKH H 3aKOH0AaTenbCTBa 42

ClaKTopbl, CBH3aHHble C pOCT'O.M HapoAOHaCeneHdiH ^. ^. 42

Yp6axH3aunx H HH,uycTpHann3auHH 43

BTOpocTeneHHble CouHanbHble H sKOHOMmecKHe CpaKTopb1 . . 44

r JI a B a 6. f1JIaHHpOBaHHe HaIyHOHaJIbHOTO 3p,paBOOxpaHeHHA . . 45

r JI a B a 7. HCCJIeAOBaHHA B o6.naCTH MeJAHgHHb1 H o6111,eCTBeHHOro 30,paBOOXpaHeHHA . . 50

- III-

(4)

T JI a B a 8. ÎOCYAaPCTBeHHble PaCXOma Ha cJ1y:K6bI 3ApaBOOXpa.HeHHA

T ,TI a B a 9. BbIBOAbI H 3aKJI104eHHA

AcppHxaHCxHfi perHoH

LiACTb II - OB3OP ILO CTPAHAM 14 TEPPI4TOPI4SIM

rpeaaua ^. ^. ^. ^. ¹⁵⁷

rBaTeMana ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ¹⁵⁹

raHTH ^. ^. ^. ^. ¹⁶²

roHAypac ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ¹⁶⁴

SIMaLiKa 167 MapTHHnKa ^. ^. ^. ^. ¹⁶⁹

McKenna ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ¹⁷⁰

MOHTceppaT ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ¹⁷⁴

HHKaparya ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ¹⁷⁴

rLaflaMa . . . . . . . 176

rlaparsari . ^. ^. ^. ^. ^' ¹⁷⁹

IIepy ^. ^. ¹⁸²

rly3pTo-PHKo ¹⁸⁵ CeHT-KpncTocpep 189 alLT-JllocnR ¹⁹¹ CeHT-rlbep 'H MHKenoH ¹⁹² CÿpxHáM ^. ^. ¹⁹³

TpHtrnAa,g n To6aro ¹⁹⁴ Coep.nHeHHble LIITaTbt AMepHKN 195 Beaecy3na . . 203

B.HprnnexHe acTposa (CILIA) 207 AHrona BacyronenA . Be4yaHaneHa KaMepyH OcTpoBa 3enenoro ^Mbnca LIaA . KoMopexne ocTposa ra6o:H . rafla JIH6epTIx ManbraHlcxaR Pecny6nHKa Manama ^. Mann MaspHTaann ^. ^. MaBpHKHH 3í 3aBHCHMbae Te¡ppHTop'HH MO3aM6HK Hnrep ^. ^. HnrepHH ^. IIopTyranbcKax raHHex

..

PetoxboH ^. ^. PyaHAa . . Can-Tome x IlpnncHraH Ceïiwenbcxne cTposa IOxcnaR PoAe3HR Toro . O6TseAHHeHHaA Pecny6n.nKa TaiH3aHHH BepxHRR BonbTa ^. 3aM6HR AMepHKaHCKHÎ3 perHoH 73 74 76 77 79 81 83 84 85 86 88 89 91 92 91 96 99 100 102 104 105 106 107. 109 110 111 114 116 56 63 PerHOH 1Or0-BoCT04H0Ii A3HH BHpMa . ²¹¹ LjeïlnoH . 213 r4HAHx . 216 14HAOHe3HSI . . 219

ManbAHBCKHe ocTposa 223 Henan ^. 223 TannaHn 224 E>ipollel3cxHil perHoH ^. 231 AHTHrya ¹²¹ _An6aHHSI _. 233 ApreHTHHa 122 AnxtHp 235 BapóaAOC 124 AscrpaaR 236 BonnsxR ^.. ..126 BenbrHn 238 B,pnTancxaR rBnaHa ¹²⁷ BonrapnH ^. ^. 242

Spinal-toad roHAypac ¹²⁹ LIexocnosaKTlx . . 245

KanaAa ^. ¹³¹ _1jaHHn . . 250

3ona ILaflaMCxaro KaHana ¹³⁸ cpeAepaTHSnaA Pecny6nnxa repiMaxNH 254 KallMaHOSba ocTposa ₁₃₉ cDHHnRU.IIHR . .

..

²⁵⁷

glum 140 cppaHunR . 261 KonyM6HS1 . 142: rH6panrap ^. 267 KocT.a-PHxa ¹⁴⁵ rpeunR 268 Ky6a ¹⁴⁷ BearpHSf . 272 aor<rHHHKaacKasl Pecny6nHKa ¹⁵¹ ^. ,- 276 3KSaAop . ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. 152 . 278 CanbsaAop . . . . 154 282 loonKneH¡(CKHe ocTpoBa H 3a&KCHMble TeppHTo- . 284 pain . . 286

14cnaHAHR ..

I4pnaHAHR .

I4TanHH . .

JlfoxceM6ypr

157 MánbTa

-IV-

(5)

H HaepnaHabl

HopBerHH ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. flonbwa ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. flopryranHH ^.

PyMbIHMn ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^.

Hen aHHH ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^.

al Realm ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^. ^.

1.11BeïtuapHa . . . . . . . . . .

TypuHst ^. ^.

C0103 COBeTCKHX COUHanHCTH9ecK71X Pecny6nxK CoeuHHeHHoe KOponeBCTBO BenHKO6pHTaHxH H

Cesepxoit 14pnasallH iOrocnaBHn . ^.

PerHOH BocTOYHOro CpeuH3eMHOMOptiH

KHnp ^. ^. ^. ^.

4>eaepausfl 103KHOÑ ApaBHH NpaHUy3cxoe CoManH f4paH ^. ^.

l'1paK .

143pannb .

14opaaHHn ^.

Kyseitr .

fIaKHCraH

CayaoscKan ^ApaBHH CoManH . ^.

CyaaH ^.

CHpan ^. ^. ^. ^. ^.

O6veAHHeHHas Apa6cxaH Pecny6nHKa

288 289 293 298 300 302 304 307 310 313 318 324

329 332 334 336 340 343 316 347 350 352 354 355 358 360

PerHOH 3aHa,qxoH qacTM THxoro oxeaHa BocTovxoe CaMoa

AscTpanHR

6pHTaHCKHe COnOMOHOB6I OCTpOBa (npoTeKTO- paT BenHK06pHTaHHH)

6HpMa KaM6ou>Ka

KHTaFt (o. TaFisaHb) OcTposa Kyxa OcTposa 43HaNCH

aHlly3cKaA 1IOnHHe3HS

Ocrposa f'Hn6epTa H 3nnHC

rya

l'oHrKOHr f1nOHHH

Jlaoc ^. Maxao .

Manait3Ha Haypy ^. ^.

HOBaH KaneaOHHH H 3aBHCHMble TeppHTOrpmH HoBble 1'HópHabl

Hosaa 3enaHAHA HHy3 . ^. MHKpOHe3Hn .

flanya H HosaH rBHHeH HnnnnHHbi .

llopTyranbcKHn THMOp ^. IOxtHan Kopes . ^.

1O1KHb1fi BbeTHaM PK)KK) .

CHHranyp Toara

365 367 371 373 374 375 380 382 386 388 389 391 393 396 397 400 404 406 408 409 413 414 417 418 419 420 422 424 425 427

(6)

(7)

17PERHCJIOBHE

HacroRU4uü o63op, oxsarblóat0u4Uld nepuod 1961-1964 22., npedcTas- AReT CO6OÜ Tperuü o63op COCTORnUR 3dpaeooxpaHeKUR 8 Mupe. Bce Tpu o63opa orpa7tcator Co6blruR 11 AeT, c 1954 no 1964 2., e TeKenue Koropblx Mup 6b1A ceudeTeneM 6oAbluux ycnexos HayKu u TexHuKu, po7/cdenuR Mno-

2ux HOeblx He3aBUCUMbIx 2ocydapcTe

u yKpenAenuR

Me7lcdynapodHblx CeR3eü.

B Holy c ucropueü lua2aeT u B03, nocrORHHo paculupRR c[Pepy CBOe2O

8AURHUR: o6u4ee KUCAO KAeHOe BceMuptloü op2aHu3ac4uu 3dpasooxpaHeHuR

K Kont4y 1964 e. HacKurbleaAo 121 no cpaenenuto c 84 e 1954 e. 3TO ceR3a010

OAR B03 c don011HUreRbHbIMU 06R3a1-HOCTRMU (KOropble oHa oxorHO npu-

HRAa na ce632), 803HUKUlupU He TOAbKO 8 pe3yJlbTRTe pacluupenuR pRdoa ee KAeH08, no mace s pe3yAbraTe yeeJluKeHuR noTpe6HocrU e nOMOU4U Op2aHU3al4uU. HenocpedcreexHoe ornotuenue K 3TOMy upeeT U TOT cPaKT, KTO 3a OTKeTHblü nepuod naceAenue upa yeeAUKUAOCb Ha 600 MAn. Ke-

AoeeK.

IlepeKenb 3adaK u dCcru7lcenuü B03 npueodurCR B 20008blx orKerax I'enepaAbno2o dupeKropa, Koropble npedcraóARlorcR y7lce 19 AeT nodpRd.

OTKeT6l O pa60Te Op2anu3at4Uu OTpa7ICatOT MHo20e U3 TO2O, KTO npOUCXOdUT e o6Aacru 3dpa800xpaHeHUR 6 OTdeAbnbtx CTpaHax MUpa, HO OHU He CT08R7

neped co6oü 3adauu dasaTb nodpo6nyto Kapruny (no Kpaüneü pepe

^Ha

dannoM 3Tane) COCrORHUR 3dpaeooxpaKeKuR UAU docrumeHUII e o6AacrU

,4leduKO-CanUTapHO2O O6CAy7IcllBanUR HaCeAenllfl pa3A14KHbIx CTpan - KAe-

H08 B03.

OdHQKo 6a7ICHO, KTO6bl MQrepuaAbi no COCTORHUIO 3d paBOOxpaneHUR

CTpaH - KAeH08 B03 6b1Au dOCrynHót dAR U3yKenuR He TOAbKO 6 sude

OTKeT08 nat4uoHaAbnbtx MUHUCTepCTB. He06X0dUMO UMeTb edllHbltl ^06U4Ull C6OpHUK, B KOTOpOM 6 craHdaprU3o6aHHoll, C TOKKu 3peKUR KaK u3A07lcenuR.

TaK u CTaTUCTUKeCKO2O 06oCHoBanuR, (popMe M02Atl 6bl 6btTb npedCTllBAen6t OCHOenble Oannbte.

OOpMa npedCraBAeHUR :tilarepllaAa He pacCKUrana Ha TO, KT06bi npoao-

dUTb KaKlle-Au60 cpaeHeHUR Mexcdy nono7/cenuep s o6Aacru 3dpaeooxpa-

HenUR 8 pa3AUKHbIx crpanax u TeppuTOpuRx, nOCKOAbKy CaMU OTAUKUR

B Hai4uOHaAbnbtx pecypcax, 2e02paCkuKeCKue u TeppuTOpUaAbHóle oco6enno- CTU, a TQK7ICe pa3HaR KUCAeHHOCTb nttceAeHUR u nOAuTUKo-adMUHuCTpaTUE- Hoe yCTpOÜCT80 2OCydapCTB uCKAIOKatOT C coeeptuennoü OKeBUdnOCTbto Ka- KytO 6b1 TO HU 661.40 803MO7ICnOCTb TaK020 cpaeHeHUR.

TeM ne menee 8a7lcnO, KT06bl dannbte no OxpaHe 3dOpOebR 6b1AU Ae2KO

docrynnbl u npedcraeAeHbl 8 Rcnoll u coICaTOü lkopMe, K Kepy Mbl U crpe-

.titUAUCb npu COCTaBAenllu cepuu o63opoe O COCTORHUU 3dpaeooxpanenuR

a Mupe.

B dannoM cnyKae cocrasureAU o6paruAucb K npaBUreAbcTeaM c npocb- 6oü npedocraóUrb no pRdy 6onpocoe dononnureAbnyto unOopMat4uto npu

OTBeTe Ha óonpocnuK, Ae7ICau4UÜ a OcnoEe OTKeTa. 3T0 6 OCHO81.1OM O6óRC- HReTCR rem, KTO deCRTb AeT - dOCTaTOKHO O0A21111 CpOK dAR TOCO, KT06bl MO7ICH0 6b1AO npOU38eCTU Ot4eHKy CO6CT8ennblx ycnexoe u dOCTUYCenull.

Ilpa6UreAbCTBa &M7/CHU 6btAU, 8 KaCTHOCTU, OCBeTUTb adMUnUCrpaTUBnytO

CTpyKTypy cAy7tc6 3dpaeooxpanenuR, nepeKucnurb eCe, KTO deAaercR UMU

8 06AaCTu nAanUpOBanuR Hat4UOnaAbn020 3dpae00xpanenuR, a TaK7/Ce re U3 docTll7lCenull 8 o6AacTu KyAbTypbl u COt4uaAbno-3KOHOMUKeCK020 pa36U7UR 3a npOUledUlee decRTUAerue, KOTOpble UMeAU 3HaKenue OAR cAy7IC6 3dpa80-

oxpanenuR..

Ha Tperuü BonpocnuK 6blAO nOAyKenO Menbule OrEeroB, KeM Ha npe- dbtdytt4ue dea; nepBblü o63op CTpoUACR na orserax 163 cTpaH, sTOpoü --

- VII -

(8)

157 u Tperuü - 147 crpatt. Odwlico e t4eJlop npucJtattttbte oTBeTbt coâjporcar óoJiee nOdpoótlble u noJlFlbte ceedetluft, Koropbte

11O3e0/tRf0T

flapucoeaTb KapTUFty cOCTORtIUR 3dpaBOOxpattettuR e pupe. B tlaCTU II

ttaCTORU4e20

u3daKllR nopeu4ettbt 063opbt no OTdeJlbttbtp Crpattap u TeppuTOpuRP, B Ko- Topbtx o6o6u4etta uticpOpxal4uR,

noJlytietlttaR

OT npaBUTeJlbCTB. YaCTb I UPeeT t4eJlbto yKa3arb (8 oCttOBttOP tia .htaTepuaJte BOnpOCKUKOe, tt0

tle

u2tcopupyR u ceedetluR U3 dpy2ux ucTOtlttuKOe) ttauóoJtee

cyuÇecTeettttbte

tteprbt CoCTORFIUR 3dpaeooxpattettuR e pupe u npedJloolcuTb pRd o6u4ux eble0doó.

B o63ope oTpaoicetebl tlelcorOpble 6Jla2onpuRTtlbte poxettTbt: ctluotcetlue ypoettR cpeprttocTU no Pttoeup crpattap, ypettbtuettue tlacrarbt uttcPeKt4uott- ttbtx 6oJle3tteü, yeeJluuettue tlucJiettttocTU ttaceJleKUR u tluCJla yttpemdettUü 3dpaeooxpatletcuR. OdttaKO eKa01cdop KOHKperttop CJlytlae ttymtto BttOCUTb tteo6xOdupble KoppeKTUebt. llOKa3aTeJlu cxepTtlocru ctcu3uJlucb tle noece- xecTttO. Cyu4ecreyeT tteCKOJIbKO cTpatl, 2de tceduNepettt4upoeatcttbtttl noKa-

3areJlb CpepTttOCTU npalcTUtteCiCU yBeJluKU/ICR. Tow-to Talc 9lce upeeTCR pRd 6oAe3tceü, CpepTttoCTb 07' KOTOpbtx eo3pocAa. HeKOTOpbte uttOeKt4uottttbte

6o4e3ttu, ortlocureJlbtco KOTOpbtx cytt4ecTeoeaJlo y6excdettue, ttTO ecitu ottu

u tle 'uCicopetlettbt OKOKttaTeJlbttO, To naxOdRTCR nOd KottTpoJlep, oKa3aJlucb

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KOTOpbtx 3a8UCUT ptlo2Oe e yJlytlutetcuu

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BCelt BUdUJIIOCTU, RBJ6RFOTC11 dOCTORtluex.Jluulb tte60Jlbtuolt tlacTU tlaceJteKUR ll2upa. 170tlTU 80 BCex pa38uBafou4uxc.4 CTpattax orxettaeTCR oCTpaR nOTpe6--

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cTpattbt Pupa ttacroJlbKO o2patluttettbt 8 cpedcTeax, tiro BbtttPcdetlbt ydoe- JleT80pRTb Jlutltb putluPaJtbnbte nOTpeóttoCTU ttaceJlettuR E 06.4acru oxpattbt

3d0pOBbst.

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co

crp.attápu - teJletlapu u crpatlapu - corpydttulcapu B03 e docTUSlcetluu ux t4eJlett u BbtnOJlttetluu.3adatc .n0 Oxpatle 3dOpOBbR ttaceJlet6uR. H xOTR .co-

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COCTORtIUR 3dpaeooxpatteKUR B

upe ydaJlOCb nodtlepKtlyTb uPetltl0 3TOT OaKT u notca3arb e To xce epepR, Kan PK02o eue npedcTOUT CdeJtaTb, mom-

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l'ettepaJlbttbtü dupe/crop

(9)

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