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HAL Id: jpa-00220275

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/jpa-00220275

Submitted on 1 Jan 1980

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

SIMULTANEOUS TRANSMISSION AND SCATTERING MÖSSBAUER STUDY ON

AMORPHOUS Fe40Ni40P14B6

S. Nasu, U. Gonser

To cite this version:

S. Nasu, U. Gonser. SIMULTANEOUS TRANSMISSION AND SCATTERING MÖSSBAUER

STUDY ON AMORPHOUS Fe40Ni40P14B6. Journal de Physique Colloques, 1980, 41 (C8), pp.C8-

690-C8-693. �10.1051/jphyscol:19808173�. �jpa-00220275�

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JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE CoZZoque C8, suppZ6ment au n08, Tome 4 1 , ao2t 1980, page C8-690

SIMULTANEOUS TRANSIII SS ION AND SCATTERING MOSSBAUER STUDY ON AMORPHOUS

Fe40Ni40P14B6

S. Nasu and U. Gonser

Angewandte Physik, lhziversittit des SaarZandes, 6600 Saarbriicken, R.F.A.

Abstract.- 5 7 ~ e dssbauer spectra of Metglas 2826 (Fe40Nf40P14Bb) were obtained simultaneously in transmission geometry by measuring y-rays and in scattering geometry by measuring conversion electrons. From simultaneous measurements differences in bulk and surface states were clearly observed and summarized as follows :

1) Surfaces exhibit larger mean magnetic fields than the bulk. 2) Magnetic moments in surfaces are more aligned in the plane of the ribbon than the magnetic moments of the bulk. 3) After annealing at 545 K surfaces exhibit larger magnetic fields than the bulk but the degree of alignment of the magnetic moments in the plane of the ribbon is reduced.

I n t r o d u c t i o n . - M B s s b a u e r s p e c t r o s c o p y E x p e r i m e n t a l D e t a i l s . - M e t g l a s 2 8 2 6 i s a h a s b e e n u s e d t o ' u n d e r s t a n d t h e m a g n e t i c r i b b o n o f 4 0

m

t h i c k n e s s a n d 2 5 rnrn w i d t h . a n d a t o m i c s t r u c t u r e o f a m o r p h o u s

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i s w e l l r e c o g n i z e d i c a l Corp., w e r e p r e p a r e d b y t h e s p i n n i n g t h a t M B s s b a u e r s p e c t r a e x h i b i t s e n s i t i v e - d r u m m e t h o d . T h e y h a v e t w o d i f f e r e n t s u r - l y t h e i n f l u e n c e . o f e x t e r n a l

s t r e s s ,

tem- f a c e s . O n e s u r f a c e t o w a r d t h e c o o l i n g

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a n d m a g n e t i c f i e l d . *owever, up d r u m i n t h e s p i n n i n g P r o c e s s l o o k s r a t h e r t o now a l l o f t h e M G s s b a u e r i n v e s t i g a t o r s

l'OU9R

a n d d u l l . T h e f r e e s u r f a c e w h i c h h a v e e m p l o y e d t h e t r a n s m i s s i o n g e o m e t r y d i d n o t h a v e c o n t a c t w i t h t h e d r u m i s a n d t h e r e i s n o i n v e s t i g a t i o n u s i n g c o n - r a t h e r s m o o t h a n d s h i n y .

v e r s i o n e l e c t r o n M B e s b a u e r s p e c t r o s c o p y , I n t h i s i n v e s t i g a t i o n we m e a s u r e d s o - c a l l e d CEMS, t o t h e k n o w l e d g e o f t h e m a i n l y t h e s h i n y s i d e . T h e r i b b o n w a s c u t a u t h o r s . I t i s w e l l known t h a t t h e CEM a n d p l a c e d i n s i d e t h e e l e c t r o n c o u n t e r s p e c t r a r e f l e c t s u r f a c e s t a t e s o f a b - w h i c h

was

f i l l e d w i t h Q g a s ( H e

+

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0

s o r b e r s p e c i m e n s (s 500 A). a n d h a s t w o A 1 e v a p o r a t e d L u c i t e w i n d o w s hi^ i n v e s t i g a t i o n o n a m o r p h o u s f e r r o - P a s s i n g t h e

1

- r a y t h r o u g h * T h e d i g - m a g n e t s used f o r t h e

f i r s t

t i m e s i m u l t a n - t a n c e b e t w e e n t h e t w o w i n d o w s i s o n l y 15 e o u s t r a n s m i s s i o n a n d s c a t t e r i n g M B s s b a u - i n O r d e r

t o minimize

t h e

a t t e n u a t i o n

e r s p e c t r a a n d c o m p a r e d t h e b u l k p r o p e r - o f t h e x - r a y i n t h e t r a n s m i s s i o n m e a s u r e - t i e s f r o m n o r m a l t r a n s m i s s i o n g e o m e t r y m e n t s . A p r o p o r t i o n a l c o u n t e r f i l l e d w i t h a n d t h e s u r f a c e p r o p e r t i e s o b t a i n e d b y ( H r

+

C02) g a s w a s p l a c e d j u s t b e h i n d t h e

N i p 1, e l e c t r o n c o u n t e r . C E M s p e c t r a f o r M e t g l a s 2 8 2 6 ( F e b 0 4 0 1b 6

Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:19808173

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l i z a t i o n t e m p e r a t u r e 4

,

A Ycc

F i g . I: B l o c k d i a g r a m f o r s i m u l t a n e o u s m e a s u r e m e n t s o f M B s s b a u e r s p e c t r a . DET?

a n d DET2 i n d i c a t z t w o i n d e p e n d e n t c o u n t e r s ,

F i g . 1 s h o w s a b l o c k d i a g r a m f o r t h e s i m u l t a n e o u s m e a s u r e m e n t s u s i n g o n l y o n e s p e c i m e n , t w o i n d e p e n d e n t c o u n t e r s a n d o n e m u l t i - c h a n n e l a n a l y z e r . T h e m o d u l a t i o n o f t h e ' x - r a y s w a s f a c i l i t a t e d b y a d r i v e s y s t e m o p e r a t i n g i n t h e t r i a n g u l a r v e l o c i t y mode. D i g i t a l s i g n a l s f r o m a f u n c t i o n g e n - e r a t o r w e r e u s e d a s s t a r t a n d a t o p s i g n a l s f o r a m u l t i - c h a n n e l a n a l y z e r (NS 7 0 0 ) . One f l i p - f l o p c i r c u i t a n d a d d r e s s s i g n a l f r o m t h e m u l t i - c h a n n e l w e r e u s e d t o o p e n a n d c l o s e t h e g a t e c i r c u i t f o r t h e o u p p u t s i g n a l s f r o m t w o i n d e p e n d e n t c o u n t e r s . T h e s i g n a l s f r o m t h e t w o c o u n t e r s w e r e s t o r e d a l t e r n a - t e l y i n t o t h e t w o h a l v e s o f t h e a n a l y z e r . D e t a i l s o f t h e e l e c t r o n i c s y s t e m w i l l b e p r e s e n t e d e l s e w h e r e t o g e t h e x w i t h t h e d e - s c r i p t i o n o f t h e e l e c t r o n c o u n t e r s .

S i m u l t a n e o u s M B s s b a u e r s p e c t r a w e r e ob- t a i n e d f r o m t h e s p e c i m e n s i n t h e a s -

r e c e i v e d s t a t e s e n d i n t h e a n n e a l e d s t a t e s , A n n e a l i n g w a s p e r f o r m e d u n d e r vacuum f o r t w o d a y s a t 5 4 5 K w h i c h i s h i g h e r t h a n t h e C u r i e t e m p e r a t u r e h u t b e l o w t h e c r y s t a l -

E x p e r i m e n t a l R e s u l t s a n d D i s c u s s i o n s . - F i g , 2 s h o w s t r a n s m i s s i o n a n d s c a t t e r i n g M i i s s b a u e r s p e c t r a s i m u l t a n e o u s l y o b t a i n e d f r o m Fe40Ni40P14B6 a t room t e m p e r a t u r e f .

F i g . 2: T r a n s m i s s i o n a n d s c a t t e r i n g Miiss- h a u e r s p e c t r a o b t a i n e d s i m u l t a n e o u s l y f r o m Fe40Ni40P14B6 i n t h e a s - r e c e i v e d s t a t e . S o l i d l i n e s show l e a s t - s q u a r e - f i t t i n g s a s s u m i n g 6 L o r e n t z c u r v e s h a v i n g p a i r - w i s e t h e s a m e a r e a s . T h e s c a t t e r i n g s p e c t r u m w a s o b t a i n e d f r o m t h e s h i n y s i d e o f t h e r i b b o n . T h e v e l o c i t y s c a l e i s a d j u s t e d t o d -Fe a t room t e m p e r a t u r e .

T h e CEM s p e c t r u m w a s t a k e n f r o m t h e s h i n y s i d e o f t h e s p e c i m e n . T r a n s m i s s i o n a n d s c a t t e r i n g s p e c t r a h a v e s i m i l a r s h a p e a n d i n d i c a t e b y t h e i r b r o a d l i n e s t h e p r e s e n c e o f a d i s t r i b u t i o n o f h y p e r f i n e f i e l d s . S o l i d i i n e s r e p r e s e n t c o m p u t e r f i t t e d c u r v e s . T h e r e a r e s e v e r a l m e t h o d s f o r t h e c u r v e f i t t i n g o f . M i i s s b a u e r s p e c t r a f r o m a m o r p h o u s f e r r o m a g n e t , I f we a s s u m e f o r t h e f i t t i n g f i v e s i x - l i n e p a t t e r n s c o r r e s p o n d i n g t o t h e c o o r d i n a t i o n s o r n e a r - c o n t a c t a t o m s i n t h e E e r n a l m o d e l , we g e t r a t h e r g o o d f i t - r e s u l t s 2 , H o w e v e r ,

o u r i n t e r e s t i n t h i s i n v e s t i g a t i o n w a s f o c u s s e d o n t h e c o m p a r i s o n o f transmission

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C8-692 JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE

s p e c t r a a n d s c a t t e r i n g s p e c t r a . T h e f u l l c l o s u r e d o m a i n s e x i s t w i t h m a g n e t i c m o m e n t s w i d t h a t h a l f maximum o f t h e l i n e s (WI, W2,

W3, W4, W5 a n d W6) s h o w s s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f - e r e n c e s . A s y m m e t r i e s i n t h e l i n e s MI a n d W6, W2 a n d W5, W 3 a n d W4 i n d i c a t e t h e

e x i s t e n c e o f s m a l l d i s t r i b u t i o n s 6 i s o m e r s h i f t s a n d p o s s i b l y q u a d r u p o l e i n t e r a c t i o n s . T h e w i d t h s o f t h e l i n e s i n t h e s c a t t e r i n g s p e c t r u m ( s u r f a c e s p e c t r u m ) a r e l a r g e r t h a n t h o s e o f t h e t r a n s m i s s i o n s p e c t r u m ( b u l k s p e c t r u m ) . F o r i n s t a n c e , t h e f i r s t p e a k o f t h e b u l k s p e c t r u m

i s

1.30

2

0.04 mm/sec i n a i d t h a n d t h a t o f t h e s u r f a c e s p e c t r u m

i s

1.56

2

0.06

mm/sec.

T h e mean h y p e r f i n e f i e l d a t t h e F e n u c l e i w a s o b t a i n e d a s 2 2 9 kOe f o r b u l k a n d 2 4 5 kOe f o r s u r f a c e a t o m s , s u g g e s t i n g t h a t t h e mean m a g n e t i c m o m e n t a t s u r f a c e s i s a b o u t 7 % l a r g e r t h a n t h a t o f t h e b u l k . T h e i n t e n s i t i e s o f t h e 2 n d a n d 5 t h l i n e s (

A m

= 0 ) a r e a p p r e c i a b l y l a r g e r c o m p a r e d t o t h e 1st a n d 6 t h l i n e s i n b o t h c a s e s . T h i s o b s e r v a t i o n a g r e e s w e l l w i t h p r e v i o u s

investigation^^*^

a n d i n d i c a t e s t h a t t h e F e m a g n e t i c m o m e n t s

a r e

a l i g n e d p r e f e r e n t i a l l y i n t h e p l a n e o f t h e r i b b o n i n b o t h c a s e s .

I n F i g . 3 t r a n s m i s s i o n ( b u l k ) a n d CEM ( s u r f a c e ) s p e c t r a a r e s u p e r p o s e d . S o l i d l i n e e n d d o t t e d l i n e d e s i g n a t e b u l k a n d s u r f a c e s p e c t r u m r e s p e c t i v e l y . T h e s p e c t r a i n t e n -

s i t i e s

a r e n o r m a l i z e d t o t h e p e a k h e i g h t 0 4 t h e ? s t l i n e s . T h e i n t e n s i t i e s o f t h e

A m =

0 l i n e s i n t h e s u r f a c e s p e c t r u m a r e a b o u t \27 % l a r g e r i n a r e a c o m p a r e d t o t h e b u l k s p e c t r u m .

T h i s r e s u l t c a n b e i n t e r p r e t e d b y t h e d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e d o m a i n s t r u c t u r e a t t h e s u r f a c e a n d i n t h e hulk.

Near

s u r f e o e s

a l i g n e d i n t h e p l a n e .

I 7 -

-0 -6 -,!, 5 0 i i 6 8

VELOCITY [mm/s]

F i g . 3: S u p e r p o s i t i o n o f t h e s p e c t r a i n F i g . 2. T h e s o l i d l i n e i n d i c a t e s t h e b u l k a n d t h e d o t t e d l i n e i n d i c a t e s t h e s u r f a c e s p e c t r u m . T h e i n t e n s i t y w a s n o r m a l i z e d t o t h e p e a k h e i g h t o f t h e 1st L o r e n t z l i n e . T h e s t i c k d i a g r a m i n d i c a t e s t h e p o s i t r o n s a n d t h e r e l a t i v e i n t e n s i t i e s

( a r e a )

o f t h e l i n e s .

F i g . 4 s h o w s t r a n s m i s s i o n a n d CEM s p e c t r a a f t e r a n n e a l i n g f o r 2 d a y s a t 5 4 5 6. T h i s t e m p e r a t u r e i s a b o v e t h e C u r i e t e m p e r a t u r e b u t l o w e r t h a n t h e c r y s t a l l i z a t i o n t e m p e r a - t u r e 4 . T h e s p e c t r a d o n o t s h o w s i g n i f i c a n t c h a n g e s c o m p a r e d t o t h e a s - r e c e i v e d

s t a t e

( F i g . 2). H o w e v e r , t h e w i d t h s o f t h e o u t e r p e a k s h a v e i n c r e a s e d i n b o t h c a s e s . F o r b u l k a n d s u r 4 a c e s p e c t r a , W 1 a n d W6 a r e f o u n d t o b e 1.50

2

0.03 mm/sec a n d 1.74

2

0.12

mm/sec

r e s p e c t i v e l y .

(5)

A l s o t h e r e s o l u t i o n o f t h e s u r f a c e s p e c t r u m h a s d e t e r i o r a t e d s o m e w h a t a f t e r t h e a n n e a l - i n g t r e a t m e n t . T h e r e a s o n f o r t h i s m i g h t b e d u e t o p h o s p h o r o u s e n r i c h m e n t s n e a r t h e s u r f a c e a s s e e n i n t h e A u g e r a n a l y s i s 5

.

Veloc~ty I mm/sl Velocitylrnm/sl

F i g . 4: T r a n s m i s s i o n a n d s c a t t e r i n g MESS- b a u e r s p e c t r a o b t a i n e d s i m u l t a n e o u s l y f r o m Fe40Ni40P14B6 a n n e a l e d f o r 2 d a y s a t 5 4 5 K. S o l i d l i n e s s h o w l e a s t - s q u a r e f i t - t i n g s a s s u m i n g 6 L o r e n t z c u r v e s h a v i n g p a i r - w i s e t h e

same

a r e a s . T h e s c a t t e r i n g s p e c t r u m w a s o b t e i n e d f r o m t h e s h i n y s i d e o f t h e r i b b o n .

A f t e r a n n e a l i n g t h e s p e c i m e n s b e c a m e

e x t r e m e l y b r i t t l e . T h e mean m a g n e t i c h y p e r - f i n e f i e l d s w e r e f o u n d t o b e 2 3 6 kOe f o r t h e b u l k a n d 2 5 0 kOe f o r t h e s u r f a c e a t o m s . T h e s e v a l u e s a r e l a r g e r t h e n t h o s e o f t h e a s - r e c e i v e d m a t e r i a l a n d s u g g e s t t h a t t h e a n n e a l i n g c a u s e s a

s t r e s s

r e l i e f . T h e mean m a g n e t i c moment a t t h e s u r f a c e i s a b o u t 6 % l a r g e r t h a n t h e v a l u e o f t h e b u l k , t h u s t h e r e l a t i v e d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n b u l k a n d s u r - f a c e i s n o t a f f e c t e d much b y t h e a n n e a l i n g .

F i g . 5 s h o w s s u p e r p o s e d M B s s b a u e r s p e c - t r a o f t h e a n n e a l e d s p e c i m e n . A g a i n t h e s o l i d l i n e i n d i c a t e s t h e b u l k s p e c t r u m a n d t h e d o t t e d l i n e t h e s u r f a c e s p e c t r u m . T h e 2 n d a n d 5 t h l i n e i n t e n s i t i e s o f f h e s u r - f a c e a r e s t i l l l a p g e r a s c o m p a r e d t o t h e b u l k e p e c t r u m . H o w e v e r , t h e r e l a t i v e d i f f -

e r e n c e b e -

t w e e n s u r f a c e

7 1

a n d b u l k h a s d e c r e a s e d

i5

k'

f r o m 2 7 % t o

B

W

a b o u t 1 0 % b y

3

t h e a n n e a l i n g .

g

W

T h i s r e s u l t

a

i n d i c a t e s a

c h a n g e i n t h e I

- 6 i - i b 1 1 i j

1

d o m a i n s t r u c - VELOCITY

[mm/sl

t u r e n e a r t h e F i g . 5: S u p e r p o s i t i o n of t h e s o e c t r a i n F i g . 4.

s u r f a c e a n d ~ o m e n c l ~ t u r e s e e F i g . 3.

s u g g e s t s t h a t

p a r t o f t h e s m a l l c l o s u r e d o m a i n s

-

w h i c h c o n t r i b u t e m a i n l y t o s u r f a c e s p e c t r u m

-

d i s a p p e a r .

Some p r e l i m i n a r y r e s u l t s w e r e o b t a i n a d f r o m s p e c i m e n s a n n e a l e d a b o v e t h e c r y s t a l - l i z a t i o n t e m p e r a t u r e . A d e t a i l e d a n a l y s i s o f t h i s p r o b l e m i s i n p r o g r e s s .

A c k n o w 1 e d ~ e m e n t s . - S u p p o r t b y t h e DFG, d i s c u s s i o n s w i t h M. N a k a , H.-G. ~ a g n e f , H. F i s c h e r , 0 . N i k o l o v a n d t e c h n i c a l a s s i s t a n c e o f J. W e l s c h a n d S. U e h a r a a r e g r a t e f u l l y a c k n o w l e d g e d .

R e f e r e n c e s

1. C.C. T s u e i , G. L o n g w o r t h a n d S.C.H. L i n , P h y s . Rev.,

170

( 1 9 6 8 ) 6 0 3 .

2. U. G o n s e r , M. G h s f a r i a n d H.-G. W a g n e r , J. Magn. a n d Magn. M a t e r i a l s ,

8

( 1 9 7 8 )

175,

3.

c.i;

C h i e n a n d R . H a s e g a w a , P h y s . Rev., B

2

( 1 9 7 7 ) 3 0 2 4 .

4.

F.E.

~ u b o r s k y , M a t e r . S c i e . E n g o , 28 ( 1 9 7 7 ) 1 3 9 .

5. J.L.' W a l t e r , F, B a c o n a n d F.E. L u b o r s k y ,

Matir.

S c i e . Eng.,

2

( 1 9 7 6 ) 2 3 9 .

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