STATISTICAL TABLES ON THE LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES - 2015

STATISTICAL TABLES

ON THE LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES - 2015

1. Development indicators ...1

2. Real GDP growth: 2002–2015, selected years ...2

3. Real GDP per capita growth: 2002–2015, selected years ...3

4. Gross fixed capital formation, gross domestic savings and external resource gap, selected years ...4

5. Share of value added in main economic sectors: 1991, 2000 and 2013 ...5

6. Foreign direct investment inflows: 2000–2014, selected years ...6

7. Migrant remittance inflows: 2000–2014, selected years ...7

8. Selected indicators on foreign debt burden: 2000–2013, selected years ...8

9. Indicators on area and population, 2013 ...9

10. Selected indicators on education, 2014* ...10

11. Total merchandise exports: Levels and annual average growth rates, 2000-2014, selected years ...11

12. Total merchandise imports: Levels and annual average growth rates, 2000-2014, selected years ...12

13. Product composition of merchandise exports, 2012–2014 ...13

14. Product composition of merchandise imports, 2012–2014 ...14

15. Main markets for merchandise exports, 2012–2014 ...15

16. Main sources of merchandise imports, 2012–2014 ...16

17. Total services exports: Levels and annual average growth rates: 2005–2014, selected years...17

18. Total services imports: Levels and annual average growth rates: 2005–2014, selected years ...18

19. Employment by sector: 1991, 2000 and 2014 ...19

20. Labour force, agricultural labour force and female share: 1980–2014, selected years ...20

21. Share of male and female employment, by sector: 2000 and 2014 ...21

22. Total economically active population in agriculture: 1980–2013, selected years ...22

23. Agricultural labour productivity: 1980–2013, selected years ...23

24. Agricultural land productivity: 1980–2012, selected years ...24

25. Land/labour ratio:1980–2012, selected years ...25

26. Growth rate of agricultural total factor productivity: 1960–2011 ...26

Foreword

The Statistical Tables on the Least Developed Countries – 2015 provides a collection of statistics and indicators relevant to the analysis of development in the least developed countries (LDCs). Reliable statistical information is indispensable for formulating sound economic policies and recommendations. The tables provide policymakers, researchers, academics, officials from national governments or international organizations, journalists, executive managers and members of non-governmental organizations access to cross-comparable sets of data. The tables are available online in document and spreadsheet format.

To help us provide better and more relevant statistics to users, you are invited to send your comments to LDCR@

unctad.org.

Country groups and product classifications used in these tables

Least developed countries

Forty-eight countries are currently designated by the United Nations as “least developed countries” (LDCs). These are: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen and Zambia.

Unless otherwise specified, in these tables the least developed countries (LDCs) are classified according to a combination of geographical and structural criteria. The small island LDCs which are geographically in Africa or Asia are thus grouped with the Pacific islands, due to their structural similarities. Haiti and Madagascar, which are regarded as large island States, are grouped with the African LDCs. South Sudan declared its independence on 9 July 2011, and became both an independent State and a United Nations Member State on 14 July 2011. Accordingly, starting with 2011, data for South Sudan and Sudan (officially the Republic of the Sudan), where available, are shown under the respective country name. For periods prior to the independence of South Sudan, data for Sudan (former) include those for South Sudan unless otherwise indicated. The resulting groups are as follows:

African LDCs and Haiti: Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan (former) or South Sudan and Sudan, Togo, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia.

Asian LDCs: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Nepal, Yemen.

Island LDCs: Comoros, Kiribati, Sao Tome and Principe, Solomon Islands, Timor-Leste, Tuvalu, Vanuatu.

Other groups of countries and territories

Developed countries: Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bermuda, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faeroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Greenland, Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Israel, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States.

Other developing countries (ODCs): All developing countries (as classified by the United Nations) which are not LDCs.

Product classification

Goods: The figures provided below are the codes of the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC), revision 3.

Primary commodities: sections 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, division 68 and groups 667 and 971.

Agriculture and food: sections 0, 1, 2, and 4, excluding divisions 27 and 28.

Minerals: divisions 27, 28, 68, and groups 667 and 971.

Fuels: section 3.

Manufactures: sections 5, 6 (excluding division 68 and group 667), 7 and 8.

Labour-intensive and resource-intensive manufactures: divisions 61, 63, 64, 65, 82, 83, 84, 85, 66 (excluding group 667).

Low-skill and technology-intensive manufactures: divisions 67, 69 and groups 785, 786, 791, 793, 895, 899 Medium-skill and technology-intensive manufactures: divisions 62, 71, 72, 73, 74, 77 (excluding group 776), 81, and groups 781 to 784, 893, 894.

High-skill and technology-intensive manufactures: section 5, divisions 75, 76, 87, 88 and groups 776, 792, 891, 892, 896, 897.

Section 9 (Commodities and transactions not classified elsewhere in the SITC) has been included only in the total of exports of goods and services, but not in the goods classification above, except for group 971 (Gold, non- monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates)), which has been included in Minerals.

Services: Total services cover the following main categories: transport, travel, communications, construction,

insurance, financial services, computer and information services, royalties and licence fees, other business services,

personal, cultural, recreational and government services.

Explanatory notes

The term “dollars” ($) refers to United States dollars unless otherwise stated. The term “billion” signifies 1,000 million.

Annual rates of growth and changes refer to compound rates. Exports are valued f.o.b. (free on board) and imports c.i.f. (cost, insurance, freight) unless otherwise specified.

Use of a dash (–) between dates representing years, e.g. 1981–1990, signifies the full period involved, including the initial and final years. An oblique stroke (/) between two years, e.g. 1991/92, signifies a fiscal or crop year.

Two dots (..) indicate that the data are not available, or are not separately reported.

A hyphen (-) indicates that the amount is nil or negligible.

Details and percentages do not necessarily add up to totals, because of rounding.

1. Development indicators

country

GNI per capita (current $)^a

Economic Vulnerability

Index^b (EVI)

Human Assets Index^c

(HAI) Income level

Human Development

Index (HDI)

Multi- dimensional Poverty Index

(MPI)^d

2014 CDP 2015 review value rank value

2013 2013

Afghanistan 680 35.1 43.1 Low income 0.47 169 0.29

Angola 5 300 39.7 41.9 Upper middle income 0.53 149 ..

Bangladesh 1 080 25.1 63.8 Lower middle income 0.56 142 0.24

Benin 810 31.2 50.1 Low income 0.48 165 0.40

Bhutan 2 390 40.2 67.9 Lower middle income 0.58 136 0.13

Burkina Faso 710 39.5 36.5 Low income 0.39 181 0.51

Burundi 270 49.9 41 Low income 0.39 180 0.44

Cambodia 1 010 38.3 67.2 Low income 0.58 136 0.21

Central African Republic 330 33.5 22.9 Low income 0.34 185 0.42

Chad 1 010 46 24.4 Low income 0.37 184 ..

Comoros 840 45.8 54.2 Low income 0.49 159 ..

Dem. Rep. of the Congo 410 30.3 29.9 Low income 0.34 186 0.40

Djibouti 1 675^e 37.7 54.6 Lower middle income 0.47 170 0.13

Equatorial Guinea 13 340 39.3 54.8 High income Non-OECD 0.56 144 ..

Eritrea 530 56.8 41.2 Low income 0.38 182 ..

Ethiopia 550 31.8 39.2 Low income 0.44 173 0.54

Gambia 450 70.7 62.1 Low income 0.44 172 0.33

Guinea 480 24.9 38.7 Low income 0.39 179 0.55

Guinea-Bissau 570 53.6 44.8 Low income 0.40 177 0.49

Haiti 830 34.1 39.3 Low income 0.47 168 0.24

Kiribati 2 280 71.5 86.3 Lower middle income 0.61 133 ..

Lao People's Dem. Rep. 1 600 36.2 60.8 Lower middle income 0.57 139 0.19

Lesotho 1 350 42.9 62.9 Lower middle income 0.49 162 0.23

Liberia 400 57.9 46.2 Low income 0.41 175 0.46

Madagascar 440 36.7 53.5 Low income 0.50 155 0.42

Malawi 250 41.1 53.7 Low income 0.41 174 0.33

Mali 720 33.3 45.5 Low income 0.41 176 0.53

Mauritania 1 260 41.2 49.5 Lower middle income 0.49 161 0.36

Mozambique 630 38.1 41.7 Low income 0.39 178 0.39

Myanmar 1 270 33.7 72.7 Lower middle income 0.52 150 ..

Nepal 730 26.8 68.7 Low income 0.54 145 0.20

Niger 430 37.6 34.7 Low income 0.34 187 0.58

Rwanda 650 40.7 51.5 Low income 0.51 151 0.35

Sao Tome and Principe 1 570 39.2 77.4 Lower middle income 0.56 142 0.22

Senegal 1 050 33 55.9 Lower middle income 0.49 163 0.39

Sierra Leone 720 48.9 34.8 Low income 0.37 183 0.41

Solomon Islands 1 830 50.8 71.7 Lower middle income 0.49 157 ..

Somalia 118^e 36.3 7.8 Low income .. 0.50

South Sudan 960 56 29.1 Low income .. ..

Sudan 1 740 49.9 56.6 Lower middle income 0.47 166 ..

Timor-Leste 3 120 55 57.4 Lower middle income 0.62 128 0.32

Togo 580 33.6 58.7 Low income 0.47 166 0.26

Tuvalu 5 840^f 54 88.8 Upper middle income .. ..

Uganda 660 31.8 53.6 Low income 0.48 164 0.36

United Republic of Tanzania 930 28.8 52 Low income 0.49 159 0.33

Vanuatu 3 090^f 47.7 81.3 Lower middle income 0.62 131 0.13

Yemen 1 370^f 35.4 59.8 Lower middle income 0.50 154 0.19

Zambia 1 760 45.6 40.8 Lower middle income 0.56 141 0.32

Source: United Nations Committee for Development Policy (CDP) database, 2015 review ; World Bank, World Development Indicators database (accessed August 2015); United Nations, Undata database (accessed August 2015); UNDP, Human development Report 2014 (accessed August 2015); World Bank Economies Income classification (accessed August 2015).

Notes: a GNI current dollars Atlas method, World Bank, WDI database (accessed August 2015);

b EVI: higher values indicate higher vulnerablity.See explanotory notes at http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/cdp/cdp_

publications/2008cdphandbook.pdf;

c HAI: lower values indicate weaker human asset development. See explanotory notes at http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/cdp/

cdp_publications/2008cdphandbook.pdf;

d MPI: higher values indicate population multidimentionally poor. See explanatory notes for HDR composite indices at http://hdrstats.undp.org/im- ages/explanations/PSE.pdf;

e Average 2011-2013 for Djibouti, Myanmar and Somalia. Source Undata, National accounts main aggregates database (accessed August 2015);

f 2013 data for Tuvalu, Vanuatu and Yemen.

2. Real GDP growth, 2002–2015, selected years

2002–2008 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014^a 2015^a

Afghanistan 7.4 8.4 6.5 14.0 3.9 1.3 2.0

Angola 16.2 3.4 3.9 5.2 6.8 4.8 3.5

Bangladesh 6.3 6.0 6.5 6.3 6.0 6.3 6.5

Benin 3.8 2.6 3.3 5.4 5.6 5.4 5.5

Bhutan 8.4 9.3 10.1 6.4 4.9 6.4 7.7

Burkina Faso 6.2 8.4 6.6 6.5 6.6 4.0 5.0

Burundi 4.2 5.1 4.2 4.0 4.5 4.7 -7.2

Cambodia 10.4 6.0 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.0 7.0

Central African Republic 2.3 3.0 3.3 4.1 -36.0 1.0 5.5

Chad 9.8 13.5 0.1 8.9 5.7 6.9 6.9

Comoros 1.6 2.1 2.2 3.0 3.5 2.0 1.0

Democratic Republic of the Congo 6.0 7.1 6.9 7.1 8.5 9.2 8.4

Djibouti 4.0 3.5 4.5 4.8 5.0 6.0 6.5

Equatorial Guinea 11.8 -3.8 1.9 5.8 -6.5 -0.3 -10.2

Eritrea -0.9 2.2 8.7 7.0 1.3 1.7 0.2

Ethiopia 10.3 10.6 11.4 8.7 9.8 10.3 8.7

The Gambia 3.3 6.5 -4.3 5.6 4.8 -0.2 4.7

Guinea 2.6 1.9 3.9 3.8 2.3 1.1 0.0

Guinea-Bissau 2.9 4.4 9.4 -1.8 0.8 2.5 4.7

Haiti 0.9 -5.5 5.5 2.9 4.2 2.8 2.5

Kiribati 1.1 -0.9 -0.2 3.4 2.4 3.7 3.1

Lao People’s Democratic Republic 7.5 8.1 8.0 7.9 8.0 7.4 7.5

Lesotho 3.9 6.9 4.5 5.3 3.6 3.4 2.6

Liberia 2.8 6.1 7.4 8.2 8.7 0.7 0.9

Madagascar 6.1 0.3 1.5 3.0 2.3 3.3 3.4

Malawi 5.8 6.9 4.9 1.9 5.2 5.7 4.0

Mali 4.9 5.8 2.7 0.0 1.7 7.2 5.0

Mauritania 8.1 4.8 4.4 6.0 5.5 6.9 4.1

Mozambique 7.8 7.1 7.4 7.1 7.4 7.4 7.0

Myanmar 12.1 5.3 5.6 7.3 8.4 8.5 8.5

Nepal 4.0 4.8 3.4 4.8 4.1 5.4 3.4

Niger 5.2 8.4 2.2 11.8 4.6 6.9 4.3

Rwanda 8.1 6.3 7.5 8.8 4.7 6.9 6.5

Sao Tome and Principe 5.8 4.5 4.8 4.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Senegal 4.8 4.2 1.8 4.4 3.6 4.7 5.1

Sierra Leone 6.0 5.3 6.0 15.2 20.1 7.1 -23.9

Solomon Islands 7.6 6.9 12.9 4.7 3.0 1.5 3.3

Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Sudan^b 5.9 3.0 -1.3 -3.4 3.9 3.6 3.5

South Sudan - - - - 29.3 2.9 -5.3

Timor-Leste 3.3 9.4 9.5 6.4 2.8 4.5 4.3

Togo 2.7 4.1 4.8 5.9 5.4 5.0 5.4

Tuvalu 1.0 -2.7 8.5 0.2 1.3 2.2 3.5

United Republic of Tanzania 6.5 6.4 7.9 5.1 7.3 7.0 6.9

Uganda 7.9 7.7 6.8 2.6 3.9 4.8 5.2

Vanuatu 5.7 1.6 1.2 1.8 2.0 2.3 -2.0

Yemen 4.0 7.7 -12.7 2.4 4.8 -0.2 -28.1

Zambia 7.6 10.3 6.4 6.8 6.7 5.6 4.3

Total LDCs 7.4 5.7 4.4 7.1 6.1 5.6 3.8

African LDCs and Haiti 7.9 5.3 4.6 7.5 6.1 5.6 4.2

Asian LDCs 6.7 6.3 4.0 6.5 6.1 5.6 3.2

Island LDCs 3.9 6.9 7.9 5.2 2.8 3.7 3.2

ODCs 7.0 7.9 5.8 4.9 4.8 4.4 3.9

Sources: UNCTAD secretariat calculations, based on data from IMF, World Economic Outlook database (accessed October 2015).

Notes: a Data for 2014 are preliminary, and are forecasted for 2015; b Sudan include South Sudan until 2012.

3. Real GDP per capita growth: 2002–2015, selected years

2002–2008 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014^a 2015^a

Afghanistan 4.0 5.8 3.9 11.2 1.5 -1.1 -0.3

Angola 12.9 0.4 0.9 2.1 3.7 1.7 0.5

Bangladesh 4.9 4.9 5.3 5.0 4.8 5.2 5.4

Benin 0.5 -0.3 0.5 2.6 2.9 2.7 2.9

Bhutan 5.8 7.5 8.3 4.5 3.2 4.7 5.9

Burkina Faso 3.1 5.3 3.6 3.4 3.6 1.1 2.0

Burundi 2.0 2.6 1.7 1.6 2.0 2.3 -9.3

Cambodia 8.7 4.3 5.3 5.4 5.8 5.4 5.4

Central African Republic 0.5 1.1 1.3 2.1 -37.3 -0.9 3.5

Chad 6.3 10.8 -2.4 6.2 3.1 4.3 4.3

Comoros -0.7 -0.9 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 -0.9 -1.9

Democratic Republic of the Congo 3.0 4.0 3.8 4.0 5.3 6.0 5.3

Djibouti 1.2 0.7 1.6 2.0 2.1 3.2 3.5

Equatorial Guinea 8.6 -6.5 -0.9 2.9 -9.1 -3.0 -12.6

Eritrea -4.6 -1.1 5.2 3.6 -1.9 -1.6 -2.9

Ethiopia 7.2 8.8 9.6 7.0 8.1 8.6 7.0

The Gambia 0.3 3.7 -6.9 2.8 1.9 -2.9 1.9

Guinea 0.3 -0.7 1.2 1.2 -0.3 -1.4 -2.4

Guinea-Bissau 0.7 2.0 6.9 -4.0 -1.4 0.2 2.4

Haiti -0.5 -6.7 4.1 1.5 2.8 1.3 1.1

Kiribati -0.9 -2.9 -2.1 1.4 0.5 1.0 1.3

Lao People’s Dem. Republic 5.6 6.0 6.0 5.9 6.0 5.4 5.5

Lesotho 3.8 6.6 4.3 5.0 3.3 3.2 2.3

Liberia 1.3 1.8 4.7 5.5 5.9 -1.9 -1.7

Madagascar 3.0 -2.5 -1.3 0.2 -0.6 0.5 0.6

Malawi 3.2 3.9 1.9 -1.0 2.3 2.7 1.1

Mali 1.7 2.6 -0.3 -2.9 -1.3 3.9 1.7

Mauritania 6.5 2.1 1.8 3.4 3.0 4.4 1.7

Mozambique 4.9 4.4 4.8 4.4 4.8 4.7 4.5

Myanmar 11.4 4.6 4.7 6.4 7.5 7.5 7.6

Nepal 2.5 3.6 2.2 3.6 2.9 4.2 2.2

Niger 1.4 5.1 -0.9 8.5 1.4 3.7 1.2

Rwanda 6.0 3.1 5.4 5.7 1.8 4.1 3.6

Sao Tome and Principe 3.1 1.5 1.9 1.7 1.3 1.9 2.4

Senegal 1.9 1.3 -1.1 1.4 0.7 1.7 2.1

Sierra Leone 2.4 3.3 3.9 13.0 17.7 4.9 -25.0

Solomon Islands 5.0 4.7 10.4 2.4 0.8 -0.8 1.0

Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Sudan^b 3.2 0.4 21.3 -10.0 0.7 0.4 0.4

South Sudan - - - - 23.4 -1.6 -9.4

Timor-Leste 1.3 6.5 6.5 3.0 -0.4 1.3 1.0

Togo -0.2 1.4 2.1 3.2 2.7 2.3 2.7

Tuvalu -0.9 -2.7 -1.4 0.2 1.3 2.2 3.5

Uganda 4.3 4.2 3.5 -0.8 0.3 1.7 2.1

United Republic of Tanzania 3.5 3.8 5.3 2.7 5.2 4.9 4.8

Vanuatu 3.3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.4 0.0 -4.2

Yemen 0.8 4.6 -15.3 -0.6 1.8 -3.1 -30.2

Zambia 4.8 7.0 3.1 3.4 3.3 2.2 0.9

LDCs 5.0 3.4 2.0 4.6 3.8 3.3 1.6

African LDCs and Haiti 4.9 2.6 1.7 4.4 3.4 2.9 1.5

Asian LDCs 5.1 4.9 2.5 4.9 4.6 4.2 1.8

Island LDCs 1.7 4.2 5.1 2.3 0.0 0.8 0.4

ODCs 5.5 6.6 4.9 3.4 3.5 3.2 2.7

Sources: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on data from IMF, World Economic Outlook database (accessed, 26 october 2015) Notes: a Data for 2014 are preliminary, and are forecasted for 2015; b Sudan include South Sudan until 2012.

4. Gross fixed capital formation, gross domestic savings and external resource gap: 2002–2013, selected years

Gross Fixed capital formation Gross domestic savings External ressource gap 2002-

2008 2010 2011 2012 2013 2002-

2008 2010 2011 2012 2013 2002-

2008 2010 2011 2012 2013 Afghanistan 19.3 13.2 12.3 10.2 9.3 -19.2 -24.4 -18.9 -23.5 -19.0 -38.4 -37.6 -31.2 -33.7 -28.3

Angola 12.6 17.0 17.0 17.0 15.7 39.4 27.8 27.7 27.7 24.0 26.7 10.8 10.7 10.7 8.2

Bangladesh 25.8 26.7 27.4 28.6 28.6 20.7 24.0 24.2 25.6 26.3 -5.1 -2.7 -3.3 -3.0 -2.3

Benin 19.5 18.8 19.2 19.0 26.1 11.5 13.7 13.9 14.5 15.2 -8.0 -5.1 -5.3 -4.5 -10.9

Bhutan 52.3 68.0 70.5 69.5 44.5 37.9 36.7 39.8 40.9 38.8 -14.4 -31.3 -30.7 -28.6 -5.7

Burkina Faso 18.8 24.8 28.9 28.4 28.5 8.3 14.3 16.2 13.8 15.2 -10.5 -10.5 -12.7 -14.6 -13.3

Burundi 16.6 17.1 20.1 21.7 26.4 -5.4 -5.2 0.9 -4.8 -5.9 -22.0 -22.4 -19.2 -26.5 -32.3

Cambodia 19.4 19.1 19.8 21.6 21.5 11.5 8.0 5.3 7.6 11.2 -7.9 -11.1 -14.4 -14.0 -10.4

Central African Republic 9.8 10.0 9.3 10.0 5.5 4.5 7.6 6.2 5.8 -1.9 -5.3 -2.4 -3.1 -4.2 -7.4

Chad 21.3 18.1 18.4 19.7 21.1 46.3 43.6 47.3 44.6 46.3 25.1 25.4 29.0 24.9 25.2

Comoros 10.8 14.4 14.9 15.4 16.0 -11.9 -26.6 -27.9 -29.3 -29.9 -22.8 -41.0 -42.8 -44.7 -45.9

Dem. Rep. of the Congo 12.7 25.5 26.7 27.4 27.1 9.2 2.6 6.6 9.8 8.5 -3.5 -22.9 -20.1 -17.6 -18.5

Djibouti 21.1 18.9 21.6 25.3 26.4 -4.4 -3.1 -8.5 -10.4 -13.3 -25.4 -22.0 -30.1 -35.6 -39.7

Equatorial Guinea 22.6 25.2 23.7 24.8 26.7 90.1 91.9 90.3 89.6 88.4 67.6 66.7 66.6 64.7 61.7

Eritrea 19.5 9.8 10.4 9.9 9.5 -23.2 -10.6 13.7 26.1 22.7 -42.7 -20.4 3.3 16.2 13.1

Ethiopia 26.0 32.7 36.3 47.2 47.4 10.5 1.8 8.4 10.6 13.7 -15.5 -30.9 -27.9 -36.6 -33.8

Gambia 31.0 18.1 25.2 23.0 21.2 8.7 3.1 11.5 8.7 8.5 -22.4 -15.0 -13.7 -14.3 -12.8

Guinea 25.8 31.1 40.0 40.1 39.9 22.5 25.1 17.3 15.0 12.5 -3.4 -6.0 -22.6 -25.1 -27.5

Guinea-Bissau 7.5 7.6 7.9 7.0 4.0 -6.0 -7.7 -4.2 -4.1 -6.0 -13.5 -15.3 -12.1 -11.1 -10.0

Haiti 14.3 14.5 15.0 15.5 15.7 -15.7 -38.5 -27.6 -17.6 -15.8 -30.0 -52.9 -42.6 -33.1 -31.6

Kiribati 44.7 41.8 43.4 47.4 44.2 -43.5 -34.2 -39.2 -52.1 -41.8 -88.2 -76.0 -82.5 -99.5 -86.0 Lao People's Dem. Rep. 38.7 36.2 39.4 47.6 41.0 25.0 31.7 30.5 29.5 30.6 -13.7 -4.5 -8.9 -18.0 -10.5

Lesotho 26.3 27.2 27.1 30.8 29.2 -45.7 -42.5 -45.9 -42.0 -48.2 -72.0 -69.7 -73.0 -72.8 -77.4

Liberia 18.2 26.4 25.2 25.4 25.6 -34.5 -36.6 -40.2 -31.8 -36.2 -52.7 -63.0 -65.3 -57.2 -61.8

Madagascar 25.7 30.2 30.2 31.1 32.6 6.4 8.5 9.0 9.3 18.9 -19.3 -21.7 -21.2 -21.8 -13.6

Malawi 16.1 8.8 4.8 5.8 6.8 -0.3 17.4 14.0 15.6 21.5 -16.5 8.6 9.2 9.8 14.6

Mali 15.5 17.6 18.0 12.5 15.2 13.1 18.1 17.1 16.5 12.5 -2.4 0.5 -0.9 4.0 -2.7

Mauritania 35.6 44.2 60.4 78.7 75.4 10.2 8.8 6.6 5.6 6.3 -25.4 -35.3 -53.8 -73.1 -69.1

Mozambique 14.8 17.8 19.1 19.2 18.6 4.9 9.4 10.4 10.5 9.9 -9.9 -8.3 -8.7 -8.7 -8.6

Myanmar 13.6 25.3 32.3 32.8 32.9 14.4 21.0 22.2 23.3 23.3 0.8 -4.3 -10.1 -9.5 -9.5

Nepal 20.9 22.3 21.4 19.7 20.1 11.4 12.3 13.6 12.3 13.3 -9.4 -10.0 -7.8 -7.4 -6.9

Niger 21.6 36.2 35.7 31.5 31.4 9.9 13.1 10.4 15.5 15.1 -11.7 -23.1 -25.3 -16.0 -16.3

Rwanda 18.8 25.2 26.4 29.5 30.3 3.3 -2.8 -1.3 -0.6 1.3 -15.4 -27.9 -27.7 -30.1 -29.0

Sao Tome and Principe 26.1 21.2 21.9 20.7 21.3 -16.5 -27.6 -26.1 -22.7 -25.4 -42.6 -48.8 -48.0 -43.3 -46.7

Senegal 24.7 25.0 26.8 26.4 27.7 7.2 6.4 6.3 6.5 2.8 -17.5 -18.6 -20.5 -19.9 -24.9

Sierra Leone 9.6 32.0 42.9 26.8 19.0 -2.4 9.9 -3.8 2.8 14.4 -12.0 -22.1 -46.7 -24.0 -4.6

Solomon Islands 13.3 18.4 16.2 13.3 18.2 -4.9 2.8 17.8 17.4 17.7 -18.2 -15.6 1.7 4.0 -0.6

Somalia 21.0 20.7 20.7 20.8 20.7 19.7 19.4 19.4 19.5 19.4 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3

South Sudan - - - 8.6 8.9 - - - -1.0 5.6 - - - -9.5 -3.3

Sudan - - - 19.2 19.3 - - - 7.7 8.6 - - - -11.4 -10.8

Sudan (former) 17.2 17.3 16.9 - - 16.1 17.9 16.9 - - -1.1 0.6 0.0 - -

Timor-Leste 5.0 14.9 19.4 19.8 18.0 59.2 59.3 62.2 54.4 58.6 54.2 44.4 42.8 34.6 40.6

Togo 16.1 22.0 22.9 31.9 30.3 -8.8 -5.7 -2.0 1.2 -9.9 -24.9 -27.7 -24.9 -30.7 -40.2

Tuvalu 62.6 45.6 50.0 48.8 49.7 -2.8 -8.0 -1.4 2.1 -0.1 -65.4 -53.6 -51.4 -46.7 -49.8

Uganda 27.7 31.9 31.0 32.7 32.4 19.6 19.7 20.1 23.1 25.2 -8.1 -12.1 -11.0 -9.7 -7.2

United Republic of Tanzania 27.1 32.4 36.0 34.6 34.1 23.9 22.5 23.9 23.9 22.4 -3.2 -9.9 -12.1 -10.7 -11.6

Vanuatu 27.5 38.7 32.3 26.4 32.4 20.9 26.0 25.2 24.9 25.3 -6.6 -12.7 -7.1 -1.5 -7.1

Yemen 18.1 23.1 15.8 23.6 31.6 26.7 23.3 28.0 27.1 29.6 8.6 0.2 12.2 3.4 -2.0

Zambia 23.3 25.4 25.6 25.3 25.4 10.7 -1.5 -0.3 0.7 -0.4 -12.5 -27.0 -25.9 -24.6 -25.8

LDCs 20.6 23.7 24.6 26.0 26.3 18.9 18.5 19.2 19.0 19.0 -1.7 -5.1 -5.4 -7.1 -7.2

African LDCs and Haiti 19.5 23.0 24.1 25.4 25.5 19.3 17.8 18.4 17.8 17.2 -0.2 -5.1 -5.8 -7.6 -8.4

Asian LDCs 22.9 25.1 25.5 27.2 27.7 17.9 19.3 20.2 20.6 21.8 -5.0 -5.8 -5.3 -6.6 -5.9

Island LDCs 12.2 18.8 20.7 20.1 20.3 30.8 35.7 39.8 32.8 35.7 18.6 16.9 19.1 12.7 15.4

ODCs 26.1 29.8 30.2 30.4 30.6 32.3 34.5 34.3 34.1 33.8 6.2 4.7 4.1 3.6 3.3

Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADstat database (accessed September 2015).

5. Share of value added in main economic sectors: 1991, 2000 and 2013

Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing

Industry

Services Manufacturing Non-manufacturing

1991 2000 2013 1991 2000 2013 1991 2000 2013 1991 2000 2013

Afghanistan 49.7 57.0 25.6 3.5 6.4 9.1 19.9 16.8 11.4 26.8 19.8 53.9

Angola 24.0 5.8 9.3 27.1 69.8 57.8 6.2 3.0 5.9 42.6 21.4 27.0

Bangladesh 29.5 24.4 16.3 7.1 8.8 10.4 12.6 14.3 17.3 50.8 52.5 56.1

Benin 36.0 37.8 35.9 5.0 5.1 5.7 7.4 8.9 8.0 51.7 48.2 50.4

Bhutan 35.3 27.4 17.1 18.8 27.6 35.7 9.0 8.4 9.0 36.9 36.6 38.3

Burkina Faso 30.9 32.8 34.3 6.9 8.4 14.7 13.0 13.2 7.5 49.2 45.6 43.5

Burundi 52.5 40.5 38.1 5.0 5.7 4.7 15.9 13.2 10.5 26.6 40.7 46.7

Cambodia 44.9 37.8 33.5 4.3 6.2 9.2 7.4 16.9 16.4 43.3 39.1 40.8

Central African Republic 33.6 41.4 41.7 7.8 8.0 5.6 19.7 10.9 18.3 38.9 39.7 34.4

Chad 37.1 42.3 19.8 3.1 2.2 44.3 10.7 9.1 7.0 49.1 46.4 28.9

Comoros 40.8 47.7 42.8 3.6 6.9 4.1 4.2 4.5 6.8 51.4 41.0 46.3

Dem. Rep. of the Congo 41.7 32.3 20.8 10.1 12.6 27.9 7.4 10.0 16.6 40.8 45.1 34.8

Djibouti 3.2 3.5 3.7 18.0 12.6 18.1 3.6 2.6 2.5 75.2 81.3 75.7

Equatorial Guinea 58.8 8.3 1.4 10.6 87.9 95.3 1.7 0.2 0.1 29.0 3.7 3.1

Eritrea - 15.1 17.6 - 11.8 17.5 - 11.2 6.0 - 61.9 58.9

Ethiopia 41.0 47.8 45.5 5.0 6.6 7.2 10.3 5.8 3.9 43.7 39.8 43.5

Ethiopia (former) 41.0 - - 5.0 - - 10.3 - - 43.7 - -

Gambia 16.1 23.8 23.5 5.7 7.8 9.9 8.2 6.6 5.8 70.0 61.7 60.9

Guinea 18.9 22.7 27.1 29.9 29.7 24.9 3.1 3.0 6.8 48.0 44.6 41.1

Guinea-Bissau 44.7 58.1 47.2 9.3 2.7 1.8 7.6 9.7 12.0 38.4 29.4 38.9

Haiti 31.1 23.5 18.6 15.1 22.0 27.2 11.9 10.0 9.6 41.8 44.6 44.7

Kiribati 26.9 23.6 25.8 4.7 9.4 4.3 6.9 4.8 5.3 61.5 62.2 64.6

Lao People's Dem. Rep. 42.3 43.5 24.1 7.9 11.0 26.0 5.0 7.8 8.1 44.8 37.8 41.7

Lesotho 11.0 11.9 8.1 14.0 16.8 18.2 9.1 13.6 14.2 65.9 57.7 59.6

Liberia 54.8 71.8 70.1 5.1 0.3 5.6 11.4 0.3 5.7 28.7 27.6 18.6

Madagascar 32.5 28.9 25.7 2.2 3.7 4.9 11.7 12.2 14.2 53.5 55.2 55.2

Malawi 45.0 41.5 32.2 8.4 4.6 5.5 20.3 14.9 11.1 26.4 39.0 51.2

Mali 46.1 36.3 38.2 6.0 13.7 15.4 6.9 7.2 7.1 41.1 42.9 39.4

Mauritania 45.9 35.9 23.0 15.0 16.3 40.4 8.2 11.1 8.0 31.0 36.7 28.5

Mozambique 37.6 24.2 29.0 2.0 7.1 9.9 16.0 18.7 10.9 44.4 50.0 50.2

Myanmar 58.8 57.2 33.2 2.9 2.5 10.1 7.0 7.2 19.8 31.3 33.1 36.9

Nepal 45.5 37.7 34.7 6.8 8.1 8.8 6.8 9.2 6.2 40.9 45.0 50.3

Niger 35.8 41.2 39.6 10.2 6.3 14.2 6.2 6.4 6.5 47.8 46.1 39.8

Rwanda 39.4 40.0 34.7 6.4 7.5 10.1 9.4 5.7 5.4 44.7 46.7 49.8

Sao Tome and Principe 27.6 20.0 20.7 10.1 9.6 9.9 7.8 7.7 7.6 54.5 62.6 61.8

Senegal 18.4 19.1 16.0 6.5 8.6 10.0 16.6 14.7 14.0 58.6 57.6 60.0

Sierra Leone 48.1 48.3 49.0 5.6 6.1 21.0 3.5 3.3 1.7 42.8 42.2 28.4

Solomon Islands 42.5 34.7 28.4 4.6 4.7 6.9 6.6 8.0 8.3 46.3 52.6 56.4

Somalia 64.3 60.2 60.2 4.6 4.9 4.9 2.3 2.5 2.5 28.8 32.5 32.5

South Sudan - - 4.0 - - 56.9 - - 2.7 - - 36.4

Sudan - - 42.6 - - 5.7 - - 9.8 - - 41.8

Sudan (former) 38.6 37.1 - 6.2 11.7 - 5.3 5.7 - 49.8 45.6 -

Timor-Leste - - 3.9 - - 83.5 - - 0.2 - - 12.4

Togo 36.6 37.8 44.7 16.4 10.5 13.2 11.7 9.2 7.2 35.3 42.4 34.9

Tuvalu 24.2 19.4 25.5 13.2 7.0 8.1 1.6 0.8 1.1 61.1 72.8 65.3

Uganda 46.3 34.1 26.8 5.2 8.2 12.2 6.5 9.5 10.1 42.0 48.2 50.9

United Republic of Tanzania 32.2 31.6 33.5 6.4 9.1 15.5 8.9 8.1 7.2 52.4 51.2 43.9

Vanuatu 22.4 25.6 24.3 4.6 7.7 6.0 5.9 4.8 4.5 67.2 61.9 65.2

Yemen 19.1 12.2 15.0 12.6 36.8 27.8 8.6 5.3 8.2 59.7 45.7 49.0

Zambia 16.8 21.0 17.5 13.7 13.0 29.5 35.5 10.8 8.0 34.1 55.2 44.9

LDCs 34.9 30.2 24.0 9.2 14.1 23.0 10.4 10.1 10.6 45.5 45.6 42.4

African LDCs and Haiti 34.8 31.2 25.1 10.5 16.1 28.9 10.0 8.3 7.8 44.7 44.3 38.2

Asian LDCs 34.9 29.0 22.3 6.8 11.7 12.7 11.4 12.2 15.4 46.8 47.1 49.6

Island LDCs 34.1 33.0 13.3 5.1 6.7 54.9 5.8 6.0 2.6 55.1 54.2 29.2

ODCs 12.9 9.5 8.8 17.9 21.1 17.7 18.6 15.5 20.7 50.7 53.9 52.8

Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADstat database (accessed September 2015).

6. Foreign direct investment inflows: 2000–2014, selected years (Millions of current dollars)

2000–2008 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Afghanistan 121 211 83 94 69 54

Angola 1,110 -3,227 -3,024 -6,898 -7,120 -3,881

Bangladesh 608 913 1,136 1,293 1,599 1,527

Benin 84 177 161 230 360 377

Bhutan 13 31 26 51 9 6

Burkina Faso 67 35 144 329 490 342

Burundi 2 1 3 1 7 32

Cambodia 359 1,342 1,372 1,835 1,872 1,730

Central African Republic 29 62 37 70 2 3

Chad 272 313 282 343 538 761

Comoros 2 8 23 10 9 14

Democratic Republic of the Congo 572 2,939 1,687 3,312 2,098 2,063

Djibouti 69 37 79 110 286 153

Equatorial Guinea 460 2,734 1,975 2,015 1,914 1,933

Eritrea 19 91 39 41 44 47

Ethiopia 321 288 627 279 953 1,200

Gambia 51 20 66 93 38 28

Guinea 136 101 956 606 135 566

Guinea-Bissau 7 33 25 7 20 21

Haiti 37 178 119 156 186 99

Kiribati 1 0 0 1 9 1

Lao People's Democratic Republic 96 279 301 294 427 721

Lesotho 69 30 61 57 50 46

Liberia 121 450 785 985 1,061 302

Madagascar 306 808 810 812 567 351

Malawi 85 97 129 129 120 130

Mali 138 406 556 398 308 199

Mauritania 238 131 589 1,389 1,126 492

Mozambique 307 1,018 3,559 5,629 6,175 4,902

Myanmar 461 6,669 1,118 497 584 946

Nepal 3 87 95 92 71 30

Niger 68 940 1,066 841 719 769

Rwanda 29 251 119 255 258 268

Sao Tome and Principe 21 51 32 23 11 20

Senegal 140 266 338 276 311 343

Sierra Leone 47 238 951 225 144 440

Solomon Islands 24 238 146 80 43 24

Somalia 38 112 102 107 107 106

South Sudan - _ _ 0 -78 -700

Sudan - _ _ 2,311 1,688 1,277

Sudan (former) 1,240 2,064 1,734 _ _ _

Timor-Leste 10 29 47 39 50 34

Togo 53 86 711 122 184 292

Tuvalu .. .. .. .. .. ..

Uganda 396 544 894 1,205 1,096 1,147

United Republic of Tanzania 564 1,813 1,229 1,800 2,131 2,142

Vanuatu 33 59 70 78 -19 -22

Yemen 402 189 -518 -531 -134 -578

Zambia 492 634 1,110 2,433 1,810 2,484

LDCs 9,718 23,774 21,852 23,524 22,327 23,239

African LDCs and Haiti 7,566 13,669 17,919 19,669 17,727 18,733

Asian LDCs 2,064 9,721 3,614 3,624 4,498 4,435

Island LDCs 88 384 319 231 102 70

ODCs 339,637 617,758 693,025 692,676 755,485 736,234

Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADstat database (accessed October 2015).

7. Migrant remittance inflows: 2000–2013, selected years

Millions of dollars Per cent of GNI

2000-

2008 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014e 2000-

2008 2010 2011 2012 2013

Countries with remittances > 10 per cent of GNI in 2013

Nepal 1 073 3 469 4 217 4 793 5 552 5 875 12.49 23.7 25.5 25.2 27.6

Liberia 58 31 360 516 383 528 13.15 3.2 27.3 34.2 23.9

Haiti 918 1 474 1 551 1 612 1 781 1 954 23.62 23.9 22.5 22.3 23.0

Gambia 60 116 108 141 181 191 9.29 11.8 12.1 15.2 19.5

Comoros 73 87 108 110 116 121 16.87 16.1 19.1 18.9 18.8

Lesotho 542 610 649 554 462 456 36.52 26.2 23.4 18.5 14.1

Senegal 712 1 478 1 614 1 614 1 614 1 644 8.65 10.9 11.7 11.4 10.8

Yemen 1 303 1 526 1 404 3 351 3 343 3 455 10.87 5.2 5.5 11.4 10.0

Countries with remittances between 5 per cent and 10 per cent of GNI in 2013

Togo 175 337 337 337 337 343 8.98 11.6 11.1 10.3 9.3

Bangladesh 4 500 11 282 12 960 14 236 13 857 14 969 5.95 9.5 9.7 9.7 8.7

Mali 197 473 784 827 895 923 4.16 5.1 8.1 8.5 8.5

Sao Tome and Principe 1 6 7 6 27 29 1.19 2.9 2.6 2.3 7.8

Tuvalu 5 4 5 4 4 4 11.94 8.5 9.2 6.9 7.0

Countries with remittances < 5 per cent of GNI in 2013

Guinea-Bissau 27 46 52 46 46 47 4.97 5.2 5.2 4.6 4.6

Kiribati 10 12 12 13 13 13 5.94 6.0 6.1 5.0 4.3

Madagascar 116 547 398 397 427 432 1.86 6.2 4.4 4.1 4.2

Uganda 394 771 816 910 932 994 4.73 4.4 4.2 4.3 4.1

Vanuatu 14 12 22 22 24 24 4.83 1.8 3.2 3.0 3.0

Afghanistan 104 331 247 385 538 636 1.05 2.3 1.5 1.9 2.6

Benin 128 139 172 208 208 217 3.19 2.1 2.4 2.8 2.5

Rwanda 30 106 174 182 170 179 0.96 1.9 2.8 2.6 2.3

Djibouti 22 33 32 33 36 36 2.91 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.3

Niger 51 134 166 152 152 157 1.56 2.3 2.7 2.2 2.1

Burundi 1 34 45 46 49 51 0.05 1.9 2.2 1.9 1.8

Guinea 36 46 65 66 93 95 1.14 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.7

Sierra Leone 19 44 59 61 68 104 1.28 1.6 2.0 1.9 1.6

Solomon Islands 7 13 14 17 17 17 1.67 2.6 2.4 2.1 1.6

Ethiopia 153 345 513 624 624 646 1.05 1.0 1.5 1.6 1.4

Mozambique 68 139 157 220 217 218 1.16 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.4

Cambodia 159 153 160 172 176 304 2.92 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2

Burkina Faso 65 120 120 120 120 121 1.48 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1

Bhutan 3 8 10 18 12 14 0.27 0.6 0.7 1.1 0.7

Timor-Leste 11 137 137 120 34 45 0.47 4.3 3.0 2.6 0.7

Sudan 1 009 1 100 442 401 424 432 5.23 2.0 0.7 0.6 0.7

Malawi 12 22 25 28 28 30 0.41 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6

Lao People's Dem. Republic 4 42 110 59 60 60 0.10 0.7 1.5 0.7 0.6

Myanmar 101 115 127 275 229 232 0.94 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.4

Zambia 54 44 46 73 54 58 0.69 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

United Republic of Tanzania 17 55 78 67 59 64 0.12 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Democratic Rep. of the Congo 9 16 115 12 33 35 0.08 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1

Angola 82 18 0 0 0 0 0.14 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

LDCs 12 031 25 473 28 422 32 832 33 391 35 754 4.11 4.0 4.1 4.3 4.0

African LDCS and Haiti 4 816 8 278 8 880 9 250 9 393 9 957 2.95 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.9

Asian LDCs 7 151 16 925 19 237 23 289 23 765 25 545 5.78 7.1 7.1 7.8 7.4

Islands LDCs 64 271 305 292 233 252 2.60 5.1 4.4 4.0 2.9

ODCs 149 992 284 907 318 481 333 154 341 856 361 054 1.52 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3

Source: World Bank staff calculation based on data from IMF Balance of Payments Statistics database and data releases from central banks, national statistical agencies, and World Bank country desks.

For latest data and analysis on migration and remittances, please visit http://www.worldbank.org/migration (accessed April 2015).

Notes: LDC aggregates excluding Central African Republic, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Mauritania, Somalia and South Sudan, for which data are unavailable.

8. Selected indicators on foreign debt burden: 2000–2013, selected years

Total debt stock

as per cent of GNI Total debt stock

as per cent exports^a Total debt service as per cent exports^a 2000-

2008 2011 2012 2013 2005-

2008 2011 2012 2013 2005-

2008 2011 2012 2013

Countries with debt >100 per cent of GNI in 2013

Somalia .. 298.1 243.7 227.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Countries with debt between 50 per cent and 100 per cent GNI in 2013

Lao People's Dem. Rep. 133.7 94.2 87.3 87.6 350.9 274.1 251.8 276.3 15.6 11.8 .. ..

Bhutan 71.7 63.8 82.5 84.1 136.8 133.2 190.2 215.9 6.5 10.8 17.0 11.0

Mauritania .. 64.7 68.8 69.5 102.3 91.8 115.1 120.7 .. .. 4.9 5.6

Sao Tome and Principe 307.7 88.7 73.4 62.9 1 228.3 739.7 654.8 395.9 27.7 5.0 33.1 11.0

Gambia 91.0 53.5 55.3 56.3 267.5 149.2 149.2 .. 11.9 7.9 7.1 ..

Djibouti 64.2 58.6 55.9 53.6 194.6 176.2 165.6 161.1 7.5 8.6 8.8 8.2

Countries with debt <50 per cent GNI in 2013

Cambodia 58.8 36.8 43.1 44.5 68.7 55.7 63.6 63.7 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.5

Mozambique 73.3 33.9 35.9 43.5 125.6 101.6 95.6 126.6 1.8 1.4 1.4 2.6

Central African Republic .. 25.4 24.7 38.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Niger 61.3 36.6 34.0 36.0 167.3 166.9 147.1 .. 10.0 2.6 2.2

Senegal 52.6 31.4 34.5 35.1 96.3 106.6 113.4 .. 6.5 8.9 .. ..

Sudan 94.2 35.5 35.1 34.9 256.8 201.4 424.0 268.2 5.0 5.1 6.5 4.9

Malawi 101.9 21.6 26.2 34.8 207.5 73.9 94.2 .. 7.1 1.4 2.0 ..

Liberia 896.1 34.0 32.3 33.7 753.3 33.2 68.7 63.7 58.7 0.2 0.6 0.7

Sierra Leone 106.9 35.7 35.8 33.6 367.7 191.8 83.3 63.1 4.8 3.4 .. ..

Mali 71.0 30.1 31.3 32.5 119.2 102.3 87.0 .. 4.3 2.3 1.6 2.9

United Republic of Tanzania 51.7 30.7 32.7 32.4 154.2 131.1 131.5 151.8 2.4 1.9 1.9 1.9

Eritrea 70.5 45.6 35.9 30.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Benin 38.5 26.4 27.4 29.0 93.7 105.8 104.3 .. 4.0 4.0 4.3 ..

Ethiopia 51.4 24.4 27.4 28.2 149.0 147.7 174.3 .. 4.7 6.1 7.2 ..

Madagascar 75.3 30.5 30.3 28.0 162.8 140.9 .. .. 3.2 1.5 2.3 2.2

Guinea-Bissau 229.5 28.5 28.3 27.7 957.4 95.2 178.8 .. 8.1 1.7 4.4

Lesotho 47.2 28.7 28.7 26.9 43.5 40.8 51.7 61.2 4.2 2.0 2.3 2.8

Burundi 129.1 28.6 27.9 25.8 1 247.5 248.6 279.3 289.1 22.9 4.2 8.8 14.1

Togo 95.5 20.8 23.0 24.9 184.6 30.3 .. .. 5.8 0.7 1.1

Comoros 87.5 49.1 43.0 23.7 450.9 268.7 269.2 .. 15.6 3.8 12.8 ..

Burkina Faso 38.3 23.4 23.8 23.1 207.2 78.6 72.3 .. 5.7 .. .. ..

Yemen 46.1 25.1 25.7 23.0 71.1 61.5 80.3 80.0 3.0 2.6 2.7 2.8

Rwanda 54.9 17.6 18.2 22.8 228.8 118.3 123.5 138.9 6.1 2.1 2.2 3.5

Democratic Republic of the Congo 116.6 26.0 23.1 22.8 274.6 53.3 61.8 54.2 8.1 2.5 3.1 2.8

Guinea 98.5 68.5 21.9 22.1 266.9 205.4 51.8 60.1 12.6 11.2 7.0 3.0

Angola 75.7 23.9 21.4 21.6 32.5 28.3 27.9 34.1 9.1 4.2 5.8 6.9

Zambia 105.5 24.6 22.1 21.6 97.4 54.7 54.7 49.8 4.6 2.1 2.1 2.7

Solomon Islands 41.2 42.8 27.3 19.9 86.0 45.7 35.2 34.0 5.7 2.7 4.6 7.4

Uganda 45.7 16.7 17.7 19.3 121.3 75.4 75.2 83.5 5.3 .. .. ..

Nepal 44.0 23.2 20.0 19.0 219.1 178.0 175.1 153.3 9.0 9.2 10.3 8.7

Bangladesh 26.5 20.5 17.8 17.5 146.2 96.0 92.7 87.7 6.0 5.5 5.4 5.2

Chad .. 19.8 17.7 17.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Vanuatu 35.0 29.3 49.7 16.9 49.5 51.0 89.2 32.4 1.8 1.6 2.1 1.9

Haiti 38.0 10.9 15.5 16.4 211.3 55.3 80.1 79.0 8.3 0.4 0.3 0.6

Afghanistan 19.6 15.9 13.2 12.2 110.3 61.1 63.9 61.0 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.6

Myanmar 58.0 14.5 13.5 11.7 139.0 96.7 84.9 63.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 8.2

LDCs^b 52.99 23.9 23.8 24.9 116.7 76.4 77.4 71.6 5.9 3.6 4.0 4.7

African LDCs and Haiti^b 69.56 27.0 26.9 29.1 114.6 71.0 71.7 64.0 5.7 3.6 3.9 4.7

Asian LDCs^b 32.62 19.6 19.2 18.8 126.4 93.2 94.9 89.6 4.0 3.4 3.4 4.5

Islands LDCs^b 40.23 13.1 14.3 8.9 87.7 19.7 20.1 12.1 2.8 0.6 1.2 1.3

ODCs 21.69 15.5 16.6 17.2 41.35 42.3 44.7 46.7 6.8 4.9 5.1 5.0

Source: UNCTAD secretariat based on World Bank, World Development Indicators (accessed November 2015).

Notes: a Exports of goods and services and primary income from Balance of Payments (BPM6 starting in 2005).

b LDC aggregates excluding Equatorial Guinea, Kiribati, South Sudan, Timor-Leste and Tuvalu for which data are unavailable.

9. Indicators on area and population, 2013

Country

Area Population

Land area (Thousand square kilometers)

Per cent of arable land and land under

permanent crops

per cent of land area covered by

forest

density (Population per square kilometer of land area)

Urban (Per cent)

Economically active (thousand workers) Agricultural non-

agricultural

Afghanistan 652.9 12.1 2.1 47.0 25.8 5 809 4 070

Angola 1 246.7 4.2 46.6 18.8 38.9 6 582 3 031

Bangladesh 130.2 65.4 11.0 1207.3 32.6 32 154 43 486

Benin 112.8 28.4 39.1 91.5 43.1 1 769 2 499

Bhutan 38.1 3.0 71.8 19.8 37.1 335 27

Burkina Faso 273.6 23.0 20.0 62.4 27.9 7 194 626

Burundi 25.7 60.4 10.4 407.6 11.1 4 435 565

Cambodia 176.5 24.4 55.0 85.4 20.4 5 313 2 906

Central African Republic 623.0 3.0 35.6 7.6 38.7 1 272 841

Chad 1 259.2 3.9 4.1 10.4 21.7 3 234 1 970

Comoros 1.9 63.4 20.3 403.9 27.5 222 105

Democratic Republic of the Congo 2 267.1 3.5 67.6 32.0 38.6 14 117 11 204

Djibouti 23.2 0.1 0.2 37.3 77.9 282 106

Equatorial Guinea 28.1 6.4 56.7 28.4 37.6 187 111

Eritrea 101.0 6.9 15.0 49.5 27.6 1 853 697

Ethiopia 1 000.0 16.3 12.4 94.6 18.5 36 089 11 580

Gambia 10.1 44.0 47.9 184.5 57.8 649 216

Guinea 245.7 15.5 26.2 48.6 35.6 4 470 1 227

Guinea-Bissau 28.1 19.6 70.8 62.5 46.3 498 138

Haiti 27.6 49.0 3.6 378.5 55.6 2 323 1 741

Kiribati 0.8 42.0 15.0 134.0 41.5 11 40

Lao People's Democratic Republic 230.8 7.2 79.6 28.5 37.5 2 656 915

Lesotho 30.4 8.3 1.5 68.6 26.2 344 561

Liberia 96.3 7.3 44.0 44.6 48.9 955 630

Madagascar 581.8 7.1 21.5 39.4 33.8 8 102 3 715

Malawi 94.3 41.8 33.8 171.7 16.1 5 375 1 549

Mali 1 220.2 5.4 4.0 13.6 35.4 2 989 1 109

Mauritania 1 030.7 0.4 0.2 3.8 58.9 841 853

Mozambique 786.4 7.6 48.8 33.7 30.9 9 544 2 424

Myanmar 653.1 18.8 46.1 81.1 33.2 20 929 10 737

Nepal 143.4 16.2 25.4 194.2 17.9 11 535 879

Niger 1 266.7 12.6 0.9 14.5 17.7 4 839 1 065

Rwanda 24.7 58.1 18.9 449.1 28.6 4 821 602

Sao Tome and Principe 1.0 49.7 55.8 190.0 67.6 38 30

Senegal 192.5 17.2 43.4 73.9 42.8 4 373 1 941

Sierra Leone 72.2 24.2 40.4 85.6 38.7 1 337 961

Solomon Islands 28.0 3.6 78.5 20.0 21.4 157 79

Somalia 627.3 1.8 10.4 16.4 39.5 2 720 1 524

South Sudan 619.7 4.5 11.5 18.5 18.1 1 792 1 892

Sudan 1 861.5 9.3 10.5 20.7 33.0 6 025 6 369

Timor-Leste 14.9 15.5 47.6 75.9 31.6 358 95

Togo 54.4 51.8 4.2 127.4 38.4 1 430 1 344

Tuvalu 0.0 60.0 33.3 329.2 57.8 1 3

Uganda 200.5 45.4 11.7 182.4 15.9 12 197 4 518

United Republic of Tanzania 885.8 17.7 52.8 56.7 29.6 18 346 6 329

Vanuatu 12.2 11.9 36.1 20.8 25.5 39 97

Yemen 528.0 2.9 1.0 48.4 32.0 2 214 3 980

Zambia 743.4 5.0 65.9 20.5 38.2 3 536 2 226

LDCs 20 272.1 9.4 27.4 44.9 30.0 256 291 143 613

African LDCs and Haiti 17 660.5 8.6 27.2 33.4 29.8 174 520 76 164

Asian LDCs 2 552.9 15.1 26.6 124.0 30.2 75 136 62 930

Island LDCs 61.5 11.5 58.7 51.0 30.8 826 449

ODCs 56 297.4 14.1 28.3 87.6 50.8 1 041 563 1 312 848

Sources: FAO, FAOSTAT (accessed november 2015); United Nations/DESA/Population Division.

Note: Land area: country area excluding inland water.

10. Selected indicators on education, 2014*

Primary completion rate (Per cent of primary school-age population)

Net primary school enrollment rate

Youth literacy rate (Per cent of people

aged 15-24)

Female Male Total Female Male Total Female Male Total

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. 32.1 61.9 47.0

Angola 39.8 68.8 54.3 74.5 85.7 96.8 66.7 79.4 73.0

Bangladesh 79.8 69.5 74.6 93.3 91.5 89.8 83.3 78.9 81.1

Benin 68.4 82.9 75.7 88.2 94.9 99.9 30.8 54.9 42.4

Bhutan 100.7 96.1 98.4 89.1 88.1 87.0 .. .. ..

Burkina Faso 62.9 62.6 62.7 66.1 67.5 68.8 33.1 46.7 39.3

Burundi 72.4 67.5 70.0 89.7 94.8 100.0 88.1 89.6 88.9

Cambodia 94.7 99.9 97.3 97.0 98.4 99.7 85.9 88.4 87.1

Central African Republic 35.2 55.6 45.3 63.3 71.9 80.6 27.0 48.9 36.4

Chad 30.1 47.3 38.8 75.4 85.9 96.4 46.0 54.3 50.2

Comoros 75.8 71.9 73.8 79.2 81.4 83.6 87.1 86.5 86.8

Democratic Republic of the Congo 64.9 79.9 72.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 76.7 91.0 83.6

Djibouti 55.4 65.7 60.6 54.5 58.7 62.8 .. .. ..

Equatorial Guinea 55.3 54.3 54.8 60.8 61.0 61.1 98.6 97.7 98.2

Eritrea 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 89.9 93.7 91.8

Ethiopia 42.0 52.4 47.2 62.8 65.3 67.8 47.0 63.0 55.0

Gambia 72.1 69.0 70.5 71.0 68.7 66.5 67.4 74.1 70.7

Guinea 55.6 68.2 62.0 69.4 75.1 80.7 21.8 37.6 31.4

Guinea-Bissau 56.7 71.3 64.0 68.2 69.8 71.4 70.5 80.1 75.3

Haiti .. .. .. .. .. .. 70.5 74.4 72.3

Kiribati 116.2 114.1 115.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..

Lao People's Democratic Republic 99.5 102.4 101.0 96.5 97.3 98.1 .. .. ..

Lesotho 83.9 64.4 74.1 81.3 79.6 77.9 92.1 74.2 83.2

Liberia 54.0 63.5 58.8 36.7 37.7 38.6 37.2 63.5 49.1

Madagascar 70.2 66.7 68.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 64.0 65.9 64.9

Malawi 75.4 75.2 75.3 96.0 96.9 89.6 70.0 74.3 72.1

Mali 54.0 63.1 58.8 64.3 64.4 73.0 39.0 56.3 47.1

Mauritania 72.0 69.8 70.9 74.9 73.1 71.3 47.7 66.4 56.1

Mozambique 45.7 52.9 49.2 85.0 87.4 89.8 56.5 79.8 67.1

Myanmar 96.8 93.2 95.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 96.0 96.3 96.1

Nepal 107.0 96.5 101.6 97.2 98.5 97.7 80.2 89.9 84.8

Niger 44.0 55.0 49.6 58.0 63.5 68.7 15.1 34.5 23.5

Rwanda 64.3 54.3 59.3 94.6 93.4 92.1 83.5 81.1 82.3

Sao Tome and Principe 97.9 90.4 94.2 92.4 92.7 93.0 77.3 83.1 80.2

Senegal 64.8 57.1 60.9 76.5 73.4 70.3 51.0 61.1 55.9

Sierra Leone 69.5 72.6 71.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 55.6 73.0 64.3

Solomon Islands 86.3 86.3 86.3 79.3 80.7 82.1 .. .. ..

Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

South Sudan 27.5 47.1 37.4 34.3 41.3 48.2 29.6 44.1 36.7

Sudan 52.9 60.9 57.0 55.9 54.5 53.1 86.3 90.7 88.5

Timor-Leste 71.9 70.2 71.0 90.2 91.1 92.0 78.6 80.5 79.5

Togo 74.2 88.3 81.3 85.3 97.5 95.6 72.7 86.9 79.9

Tuvalu 91.2 82.1 86.4 74.8 75.2 75.6 .. .. ..

Uganda 53.9 54.6 54.2 92.8 91.5 90.2 81.7 85.8 83.7

United Republic of Tanzania 79.8 72.0 75.9 84.7 83.5 82.2 84.8 87.2 85.9

Vanuatu 96.4 90.5 93.3 .. .. .. 95.4 95.0 95.2

Yemen 61.8 78.1 70.1 80.7 87.9 94.9 79.5 97.0 88.4

Zambia 82.0 85.5 83.7 91.7 91.4 91.1 58.5 70.3 64.0

LDCs 62.8 65.6 64.1 79.2 80.8 82.1 69.1 77.1 73.0

African LDCs and Haiti 55.7 61.5 58.7 74.7 76.7 78.3 62.7 73.5 68.0

Asian LDCs 82.4 77.4 79.8 92.3 92.5 92.5 80.0 83.1 81.5

Island LDCs 77.6 75.2 76.4 85.2 86.6 87.8 82.8 84.0 83.4

ODCs 83.5 90.8 84.4 84.0 89.2 86.9 90.2 94.0 92.2

Sources: UNESCO, UIS database (accessed november 2015).

Notes: * 2014 or latest year available since 2006; LDCs group and ODCs weighted averages (weighted by primary school age population and by group age population).

11. Total merchandise exports: Levels and annual average growth rates: 2000-2014, selected years

Total merchandise exports

(Millions of dollars) annual average growth rates (Per cent)

2000–

2008

2009–

2014 2012 2013 2014 2000–

2008

2009–

2014 2012 2013 2014

Afghanistan 283 447 429 515 571 28.4 8.1 14.1 20.1 10.8

Angola 23 339 60 079 71 093 68 247 62 400 34.3 9.2 5.6 -4.0 -8.6

Bangladesh 9 219 23 886 24 998 28 964 30 249 13.4 14.0 2.8 15.9 4.4

Benin 663 1 540 1 443 1 870 2 010 16.0 10.9 2.3 29.6 7.5

Bhutan 278 572 531 540 551 29.0 -0.7 -21.3 1.6 2.1

Burkina Faso 427 1 965 2 143 2 356 2 489 18.2 19.3 -7.3 9.9 5.7

Burundi 49 107 134 94 125 5.7 8.8 8.1 -29.6 33.0

Cambodia 2 751 7 396 7 838 9 248 10 800 16.5 20.0 16.9 18.0 16.8

Central African Republic 147 148 200 150 90 0.9 -3.3 5.3 -25.0 -40.0

Chad 1 957 3 833 4 400 3 800 3 600 61.7 3.9 -8.3 -13.6 -5.3

Comoros 15 21 20 20 25 -9.0 6.5 -24.4 0.6 29.3

Democratic Republic of the Congo 2 080 5 800 6 300 6 200 6 900 23.9 11.5 -4.5 -1.6 11.3

Djibouti 43 105 118 120 139 9.4 12.7 27.3 1.4 16.2

Equatorial Guinea 5 894 12 600 15 700 14 700 12 600 38.3 8.7 16.3 -6.4 -14.3

Eritrea 19 329 467 321 745 -13.2 142.7 11.6 -31.2 132.1

Ethiopia 821 2 995 2 891 4 077 4 437 18.2 21.5 10.6 41.0 8.8

Gambia 12 93 119 106 104 0.3 11.6 25.2 -10.6 -2.1

Guinea 880 1 413 1 386 1 386 1 492 9.7 2.8 -9.3 0.0 7.7

Guinea-Bissau 79 154 130 140 162 9.6 3.2 -46.3 7.7 15.7

Haiti 400 762 821 892 924 9.1 11.0 6.3 8.6 3.6

Kiribati 5 6 6 7 5 12.4 1.4 -32.4 14.8 -19.1

Lao People's Democratic Republic 567 2 029 2 271 2 264 2 650 19.4 16.8 3.7 -0.3 17.1

Lesotho 560 921 972 847 925 18.6 2.5 -17.0 -12.9 9.2

Liberia 175 390 460 559 583 0.2 32.4 25.2 21.7 4.2

Madagascar 958 1 506 1 516 1 838 2 032 7.2 14.4 3.0 21.2 10.6

Malawi 564 1 241 1 183 1 208 1 374 11.4 2.7 -17.0 2.1 13.7

Mali 1 118 2 186 2 610 2 339 2 100 15.0 4.8 9.9 -10.4 -10.2

Mauritania 727 2 187 2 624 2 463 2 140 25.4 8.4 6.7 -6.1 -13.1

Mozambique 1 513 3 495 3 470 4 024 4 725 26.9 14.7 -3.7 16.0 17.4

Myanmar 3 775 9 287 8 877 11 233 11 031 18.1 9.7 -3.9 26.5 -1.8

Nepal 802 879 871 863 873 4.7 -0.4 -4.1 -0.9 1.2

Niger 453 1 301 1 307 1 600 1 500 15.3 9.1 4.5 22.4 -6.2

Rwanda 121 509 591 703 736 20.3 25.7 27.3 19.0 4.7

Sao Tome and Principe 6 12 12 13 17 16.4 13.2 10.2 5.9 33.4

Senegal 1 370 2 455 2 532 2 666 2 814 9.9 6.8 -0.4 5.3 5.5

Sierra Leone 131 977 1 125 1 922 1 892 42.7 61.8 220.8 70.9 -1.6

Solomon Islands 104 369 466 489 459 18.8 24.6 11.7 4.9 -6.3

Somalia 276 496 540 520 510 6.5 3.7 3.8 -3.7 -1.9

South Sudan _ .. .. .. .. _ .. .. .. ..

Sudan^a _ 4 402 4 066 4 790 4 350 _ 3.4 _ 17.8 -9.2

Sudan (former)^b 4 653 10 267 _ _ _ 29.0 6.0 _ _ _

Timor-Leste^c 9 17 31 16 20 8.5 15.6 133.2 -47.9 24.6

Togo 574 1 207 1 314 1 522 1 350 10.9 10.4 11.5 15.8 -11.3

Tuvalu 0 0 0 0 0 27.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Uganda 816 2 064 2 357 2 408 2 274 20.0 9.4 9.2 2.1 -5.6

United Rep. of Tanzania 1 525 4 395 5 547 4 413 4 645 20.5 7.8 17.2 -20.5 5.3

Vanuatu 35 52 52 36 59 15.6 -2.0 -18.7 -29.6 62.9

Yemen 4 911 8 110 8 300 8 300 8 000 11.6 3.3 -14.4 0.0 -3.6

Zambia 2 299 8 360 9 365 10 594 9 688 28.3 16.2 4.0 13.1 -8.6

LDCs 77 402 186 033 203 623 211 379 207 165 23.2 9.4 0.8 3.8 -2.0

African LDCs and Haiti 54 646 132 950 148 922 148 872 141 854 27.8 8.4 1.1 0.0 -4.7

Asian LDCs 22 585 52 606 54 115 61 927 64 725 14.1 11.9 0.0 14.4 4.5

Island LDCs 171 478 587 581 586 15.7 18.7 8.6 -0.9 0.8

ODCs 3 418 1647 215 8078 005 0878 227 2128 259 520 17.1 10.6 3.9 2.8 0.4

Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADstat database (accessed November 2015).

Notes: a Sudan: data since 2012; b Former Sudan: data up to 2011; c Timor-Leste: data since 2003.

12. Total merchandise imports: Levels and annual average growth rates, 2000-2014, selected years

Total merchandise imports (Millions of dollars) Annual average growth rates (Per cent) 2000-

2008 2009-

2014 2012 2013 2014 2000-

2008 2009-

2014 2012 2013 2014

Afghanistan 2 318 6 700 9 069 8 554 7 697 10.3 18.9 41.9 -5.7 -10.0

Angola 8 118 22 989 23 717 26 344 28 320 26.7 7.9 17.2 11.1 7.5

Bangladesh 13 104 33 915 34 173 37 085 42 268 13.6 10.6 -5.6 8.5 14.0

Benin 1 137 2 334 2 316 2 941 2 481 19.3 5.9 11.9 26.9 -15.6

Bhutan 341 858 992 909 810 16.9 6.7 -5.7 -8.3 -10.9

Burkina Faso 1 131 2 833 3 200 3 900 3 575 15.3 16.9 33.0 21.9 -8.3

Burundi 239 666 751 811 769 17.1 14.2 -0.2 8.0 -5.2

Cambodia 3 638 9 929 11 350 12 800 13 500 17.3 19.7 22.0 12.8 5.5

Central African Republic 172 284 320 250 255 13.9 -2.3 3.2 -21.9 1.9

Chad 1 164 3 250 3 500 4 000 4 300 18.3 16.7 6.1 14.3 7.5

Comoros 91 259 273 284 275 18.5 5.6 -1.2 4.1 -3.5

Dem. Rep. of the Congo 2 153 5 483 6 100 6 300 6 600 26.9 11.3 10.9 3.3 4.8

Djibouti 299 598 564 719 970 13.4 18.3 10.5 27.5 34.8

Equatorial Guinea 1 517 6 317 7 500 7 000 6 500 29.1 6.3 15.4 -6.7 -7.1

Eritrea 489 873 954 1 013 1 108 2.2 14.0 2.1 6.2 9.4

Ethiopia 3 780 11 879 11 913 14 899 18 987 26.3 19.6 33.9 25.1 27.4

Gambia 227 341 380 350 387 10.9 5.8 11.6 -7.8 10.6

Guinea 854 1 826 2 254 2 100 2 032 11.5 13.8 7.0 -6.8 -3.3

Guinea-Bissau 105 185 163 163 207 18.5 0.1 -25.0 0.0 26.7

Haiti 1 424 3 103 3 196 3 432 3 630 10.0 8.7 5.0 7.4 5.8

Kiribati 57 89 109 97 95 9.0 8.2 18.3 -10.5 -2.2

Lao People's Dem. Rep. 787 2 550 3 055 3 020 3 300 15.1 16.9 27.1 -1.2 9.3

Lesotho 1 253 2 276 2 600 2 200 2 208 12.8 2.3 4.0 -15.4 0.4

Liberia 408 918 1 005 1 150 1 046 9.9 14.1 -3.8 14.4 -9.0

Madagascar 1 714 2 988 3 094 3 085 3 085 18.5 1.4 4.6 -0.3 0.0

Malawi 1 051 2 467 2 360 2 845 2 973 17.9 8.0 -2.8 20.5 4.5

Mali 1 583 3 417 3 463 3 800 3 977 17.4 8.0 3.3 9.7 4.6

Mauritania 956 2 366 2 971 3 044 2 666 22.0 16.5 21.1 2.5 -12.4

Mozambique 2 210 7 033 8 688 10 099 8 743 17.5 21.8 37.8 16.2 -13.4

Myanmar 2 669 9 267 9 201 12 043 16 226 4.7 30.7 2.0 30.9 34.7

Nepal 2 170 5 885 6 017 6 452 7 424 12.2 10.0 1.7 7.2 15.1

Niger 797 2 125 1 900 2 020 2 151 20.1 -1.8 -13.2 6.3 6.5

Rwanda 461 1 968 2 300 2 302 2 457 21.4 14.5 12.8 0.1 6.8

Sao Tome and Principe 54 135 141 152 170 18.7 10.4 5.6 7.7 11.6

Senegal 3 235 5 842 6 434 6 659 6 557 19.0 8.1 8.9 3.5 -1.5

Sierra Leone 322 1 311 1 601 1 777 1 486 15.4 24.6 -6.6 11.0 -16.4

Solomon Islands 164 442 493 521 500 20.6 11.9 5.9 5.5 -4.1

Somalia 619 1 098 1 200 1 300 1 300 12.7 12.3 0.0 8.3 0.0

South Sudan _ .. .. .. .. _ .. .. .. ..

Sudan^a _ 9 453 9 230 9 918 9 211 _ _ _ 7.5 -7.1

Sudan (former)^b 5 253 9 761 _ _ _ 28.7 -0.7 - - -

Timor-Leste^c 153 551 664 843 940 12.6 34.0 108.4 27.0 11.5

Togo 917 2 204 2 380 2 666 2 800 14.1 13.9 8.8 12.0 5.0

Tuvalu 12 19 30 14 12 21.7 -2.8 20.0 -53.3 -14.3

Uganda 2 214 5 380 6 044 5 818 5 874 15.8 7.0 7.3 -3.7 1.0

United Rep. of Tanzania 3 501 10 443 11 716 12 525 12 691 23.3 14.4 4.8 6.9 1.3

Vanuatu 155 281 273 289 287 18.3 0.8 -2.6 5.7 -0.8

Yemen 5 103 11 321 13 273 13 273 12 909 21.3 9.1 32.3 0.0 -2.7

Zambia 2 389 7 466 8 805 10 162 9 539 25.1 21.3 22.7 15.4 -6.1

LDCs 231 734 251 928 265 297 18.2 11.9 11.0 8.7 5.3

African LDCs and Haiti 51 691 131 873 142 620 155 592 158 885 20.9 10.6 12.4 9.1 2.1

Asian LDCs 30 130 80 425 87 131 94 136 104 134 14.0 14.2 8.5 8.0 10.6

Island LDCs 636 1 775 1 984 2 200 2 278 21.3 14.5 24.6 10.9 3.5

ODCs 3 085 603 6 701 443 7 412 326 7 700 359 7 670 141 16.3 10.7 4.4 3.9 -0.4

Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADstat database (accessed November 2015).

Notes: a Sudan: data since 2012; b Former Sudan: data up to 2011; c Timor-Leste: data since 2003.