Middleware to Support Sensor Network
Applications
Windi B.Heinzelman,Amy L.Murphy,hervaldo S.Carvalho,Mark A.Perillo
University of Rochester
IEEE Network. January/February2004 IEEE Network. January/February2004
Plan
Introduction
Sensor Network Management
Problems
Existing solution
Relation among different middleware
MiLAN
How MiLAN works?
conclusion
Introduction
What is Sensor Network?
App 1
App n Network
Network M
M
M M M
System QoS QoS
QoS Data
Data
Middleware (MiLAN)
Sensor Network Management
Applications: they need a specific QoS
Sensors:
Distributed
Energy limited
Channel Bandwidth
Problems
Sensor Network Management
Existing solution: protocols to extend network lifetime
Low-level node collaboration (LEACH, Directed Diffusion)
Turn nodes off whenever possible (PAMAS, S-MAC, …)
Tailoring the routing protocols to the characteristics of sensor networks (Rumor Routing,SPIN)
Relation among different middleware
MiLAN
MILAN
(Middleware Linking Application & Networks)Application/captures
MiLAN
Plugin Abstraction Milan commands
Convert
What makes it different?
How MiLAN works?
fi fA
fN
Sensor QoS
variable State Requiremnts
Sensor(s) MiLAN Network Plug-in
MiLAN Application(s)
C B
A
fN
state
Data Node discovery
:Application feasible set :Network feasible set :Best performance/cost trade-off
fN
Configure
fi fi
Determine Network type
Calculate fA
Calculate
fN
Tradeoff Among
fN
fA I
Scope of MiLAN applications
Environmental surveillance
Home/Office security
Medical Monitoring
Example about the utilization of MiLAN
Sensor-based personal health monitor
None Low High
User stress state Med System state
Resp. rate Blood O2
.3 .8 .3 variables
Norm High/low Respiratory rate
Norm High/
Low
High/
[+ECG]
Heart rate Norm Low
Blood pressure Var.
state
.7
Blood flow
Blood press ECG
1.0 .8 .7
sensors Pulseoxy
1.0
Virtual sensor
Conclusion
Middleware eases the application development task in complex environment.
The needs of the application should be
integrated with the management of the network in a single middleware system
Trade the application performance for network cost
Personal critics…
The article doesn’t discuss the pervasive environment…
Lack of a case study about MiLAN’s
application
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