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Bartonella quintana detection in Demodex from
erythematotelangiectatic rosacea patients
Nathalia Murillo, Oleg Mediannikov, Jérome Aubert, Didier Raoult
To cite this version:
Nathalia Murillo, Oleg Mediannikov, Jérome Aubert, Didier Raoult. Bartonella quintana detection in
Demodex from erythematotelangiectatic rosacea patients. International Journal of Infectious Diseases,
Elsevier, 2014, 29, pp.176 - 177. �10.1016/j.ijid.2014.07.021�. �hal-01769417�
Short
Communication
Bartonella
quintana
detection
in
Demodex
from
erythematotelangiectatic
rosacea
patients
Nathalia
Murillo
a,
Oleg
Mediannikov
a,
Je´rome
Aubert
b,
Didier
Raoult
a,*
aUnite´ desRickettsiesCNRSUMR6020,IFR48,Faculte´ deMe´decinedeMarseille,Universite´ delaMe´diterrane´e,27BdJeanMoulin,
13385Marseillecedex5,France
b
GaldermaR&D,SophiaAntipolis,SNCLesTempliers,Biot,France
1. Introduction
Bartonellaquintanaisknownasthecauseoftrenchfever,butit may also cause chronic bacteraemia and/or endocarditis and bacillaryangiomatosis.Theinfectionisusuallytransmittedbylice in homeless people.1 Bartonella species have been reported in many other arthropods, including mites2,3 and soft and hard ticks.4,5Interestingly,thetransmissionofB.quintanaby Derma-nyssus sp in family members was recently reported.2 Here we reporttheserendipitousdetectionofB.quintanainDemodexmites fromapatientwitherythematotelangiectaticrosacea.
2. Methods
Forty-fivesubjectsfromthegeneralpopulationofSchenefeld/ Hamburgandneighbouringcommunitieswererecruitedintothis study,withtheallocationof15subjectsperstudygroupasfollows: subjectswitherythematotelangiectaticrosacea,withflushingand persistent central facial erythema and optional telangiectasia (meanage54.8910.49years;n=15)andsubjectswith papulo-pustular rosacea defined as moderate to severe with persistent centralfacialerythemaandtransientpapulesand/orpustules(mean
age50.8611.2years;n=15),fromtheGaldermarosaceadatabase; and 15 healthy subjects with no active skin disease (mean age 52.3813.68years).Subjectswithrosaceareceivednotreatment andwereaskedtostopanytreatmentwithbenzoylbenzoate,lindane, pyrethrin, malathion, allethrin, crotamiton, and metronidazole at least7daysbeforesampling.
Demodexweresampledbystandardized skinsurfacebiopsy from the alar crease.6 A total of 356 Demodex mites from 28patientswereselectedundertheloop(115magnification)and werewashedin70%ethanol.Inordertoidentifythebacterialflora of the mites, DNA was extracted from individual mites by a modifiedprotocolwiththeQIAmpDNAMiniKit(Qiagen).Finally, thebacterialcollectionof72Demodexmitesfrom13patientswas assessedby16SrDNAclonelibraries.
3. Results
Weweresurprisedtoidentifythe16SrDNAofB.quintanain twoDemodexmitesfromthesamepatient.Amplificationofspacer 8947matchedwithB.quintanaToulousestrain(coverage100%and identity100%,GenBankaccessionnumberAY660712).
We developed a specific qPCR targeting the vompD gene sequence (AY618465.1) with forward 50
-GGGTGAGGTTAG-CATCGGTA-30,reverse50-TTGACTGCATCGGTGTCTTC-30,andprobe
FAM-AGCCTGCTGCCACTCCTGCT. We tested all collected mites
InternationalJournalofInfectiousDiseases29(2014)176–177
ARTICLE INFO Articlehistory: Received2June2014
Receivedinrevisedform25July2014 Accepted28July2014
CorrespondingEditor:EskildPetersen, Aarhus,Denmark Keywords: Bartonellaquintana Rosacea Demodex SUMMARY
WereportherethepresenceofBartonellaquintanainademodex.Demodexarearthropodsassociated with acnea. Bartonella quintana was found by broad Spectrum 16rDNA PCR amplification and sequencing,andconfirmedbyspecificPCR.Bartonellaquintanamayparasiteseveralarthropodsandnot onlylice.
ß2014TheAuthors.PublishedbyElsevierLtdonbehalfofInternationalSocietyforInfectiousDiseases. ThisisanopenaccessarticleundertheCCBY-NC-NDlicense( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
* Correspondingauthor.
E-mailaddress:didier.raoult@gmail.com(D.Raoult).
ContentslistsavailableatScienceDirect
International
Journal
of
Infectious
Diseases
j o urn a l hom e pa ge : ww w. e l s e v i e r. c om/ l o ca t e / i j i d
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2014.07.021
1201-9712/ß2014TheAuthors.PublishedbyElsevierLtdonbehalfofInternationalSocietyforInfectiousDiseases.ThisisanopenaccessarticleundertheCCBY-NC-ND license(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
withthis systemand foundthreemitestobepositive:thetwo alreadyidentifiedby16SrDNAandanotherfromthesamepatient. B.quintanawasfinallyidentifiedinthreeoutofthesixDemodex mitescollectedfromthatpatient.
The patient was a 63-year-old woman from Schenefeld/ Hamburg(Germany)whopresentedwith erythematotelangiecta-ticrosaceadefinedbyamildtelangiectasiaandmoderateflushing, but neither non-transient erythema nor papules and pustules. Toourknowledge,shewasnothomeless,infestedwithlice,orin contactwithlice-infestedhomelesspeople.Asnobloodsamples werecollectedduringthisstudy,wecouldnotperformB.quintana serology testing to establish whether or not the patient was contaminatedwithB.quintana.Finally,inthisstudyweidentified B.quintanain3/72testedmitesin1/13patients.
4. Discussion
To date, the louse Pediculus humanus humanus is the only confirmedvectorofBartonellaquintana,eventhoughthisspecies hasbeenidentifiedbymolecularbiologyorcultureinmanyother arthropods, including the house dust mites Dermatophagoides farinaeandDermatophagoidespteronyssinus3andhaematophagous mitesofDermanyssussp.2Thisisthefirstreportofthedetectionof B.quintana16SrDNA sequencesfromDemodexmitescollected fromapatientwitherythematotelangiectaticrosacea.Itisnotyet knownwhetherDemodexmitesplayarole inthepathogenesis ofrosacea orwhether theymay serveas a hostfor Bartonella.
Demodex mites are not haematophagous and do not excrete faeces,sothe‘classical’(asfor liceandsand flies,forexample) epidemiological scheme of Bartonella transmission does not appeartobeapplicablehere.However,Demodexmitesarehighly contagiousandthetransmissionofBartonella-infectedDemodex mitesfromoneindividualtoanotherispossible.Furtherstudies shouldbeperformedinordertoclarifytheroleofDemodexmites ashostsandpossiblevectorsofB.quintana.
Conflictofinterest:Nonedeclared. References
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