Analysis Of Link-Level Hybrid FEC/ARQ-SR For Wireless Links and Long-Lived TCP traffic
Texte intégral
(2) INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE. Analysis Of Link-Level Hybrid FEC/ARQ-SR For Wireless Links and Long-Lived TCP traffic Chadi Barakat — Alaeddine Al Fawal. N° 4752 February 2003. ISSN 0249-6399. ISRN INRIA/RR--4752--FR+ENG. THÈME 1. apport de recherche.
(3)
(4)
(5) !" #$% '&)(+*-,./1032465 0 (7$ 8 '$9':
(6) ; &)7<= :&)>4,@? A
(7) $
(8) BDC E;FHGJI%KLMGONPGJQGORPSUTHVWXGOYZI%I%K\[%Y]V^W:_`Gba;GJWXc dfehgPiUj]klnmoqp'jsrZtvujPwp'xJpw'gPiUjqp y:z'{Z|jPwy}`~;d mrZ6%{bzw6jMz'jq 'ehjPz' ehj
(9) OblhjP6ztrZzx^lnvk rZjqp qs 6¡¢¤£O¥ h qjwehjd¦=y§6z'{bw'{J q{b¨;thp jqp!wehj+¨©{p p{Zª^rb '«jPw'prbprZ ¥ h ¥ srZw ¥ {b¬{Zª hjPw®/{bz«¯ q{b6jqpw ¥ {b`° ¥ w'p%jPz±ª²{bzi]rZh qj³6jPz rb6jqpM{s´jPz; ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p;¨ ¥ 6«vps°e ¥ erZz'j^ 'erZz rb ¶µ w'jPz ¥¸· jq¯Ox+rUe ¥ e ¥ w jPzz'{bz;z rZw'j¹ º ¥¼» jPz'jPw p'{b¨¸t6w ¥ {bhpMers´j^9jqjP¯6z'{b9{p jq+w'{ ¥ i½6z'{s´j wehj³%jPz±ª¾{bzi]rZh qjU{Zª=d¦=y¿{s´jPz ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p ¨ ¥ 6«vps°Hwehj³iU{p'w 6z'{bi ¥ p ¥ 6{bhj³%j ¥ 6wehj³thp'j {Zª r¯exJ6z ¥ -iU{J6jP¨rZw½wehj!¨ ¥ 6«µÀ¨©jP´jP¨ q{bi ¥ ¥ 6Á/¦;°:~;mµ £ mÄò~t6w'{bi]rZw ¥ mjP%jsrZw mjqÅthjqp'w: ¥ we £ jP¨©jq Pw ¥ ´j;mjP%jsrZwÇƶ°OrZhrZ ¥ vµÈ{bz'6jPz/6jP¨ ¥ ´jPzxU{ZªHrb '«jPw'p=w'{ÊÉËy̹Odfehjvz rqfµ rb «+{Zªf=¦ ¥ pwerZw ¥ w q{bhpt6iUjqp p {biUj^j¶uvwz rrZhv ¥ vweÍw'{wz rZhpi ¥ w wehj³z'jqvt6hhrZw ¥ vª¾{bzi]rZw ¥ {b`¹!~mµ £ m¤6{OjqpÊh{bw q{bhpt6iUj½ith 'eÎrZhv ¥ vwe`° ¥ w'pÊvz rqrb « ¥ pÊwerZw ¥ w ¥ h Pz'jsrbp jqpÌwehj/z'{bt6hJµÀwz ¥ ½w ¥ iUjMòmddƶ°Ze ¥ e^i]rsx6jPw'jPz ¥ {bz rZw'j=wehj=9jPz±ª¾{bzi]rZh qjf{Zªd¦=yÌ° ¥ ªfh{bw6{bhj]rZ66z'{b6z ¥ rZw'jP¨¸x¹ÏÐjUpwthvx ¥ Ðwe ¥ p rZ%jPzÊwehj½%jPz±ª¾{bzi]rZh qj]{Zªd¦=y3{s´jPz³r ¥ z'jP¨©jqp p¨ ¥ 6« ¥ i½6¨©jPiUjPw ¥ 6eOxO6z ¥ /¦ÑZ~;mµ £ Â^¹Hdfehj³pwthvx ¥ p;6{bhj^Oxp ¥ it6¨\rZw ¥ 6 rZhiU{O6jP¨ ¥ 6¨©{b6bµÀ¨ ¥ ´jq+d¦=yÒwz rZhp±ª¾jPz'p{Ó´jPz ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6«vppeh{Ó ¥ 6ÔfjPzh{bt6¨¸¨ ¥ jPzz'{bz'pÓ¹ ÏÐj+rZz'jiU{bw ¥ ´rZw'jq@OxÎeh{ÓÕw'{Ðwt6hj¨ ¥ 6«OµÀ¨©jP´jP¨jPzz'{bz]z'jq q{Ó´jPzx@j¹ h¹rZiU{bt6w!{ZªÊ=¦;° %jPz'p ¥ pw'jPh Px{Zª~;mÂ^°vp'{Urbpfw'{³i]r u ¥ i ¥¸· jÊwehjM9jPz±ª¾{bzi]rZh qj {Zªd¦=y¹6ÏÐjM6z'{Ó´ ¥ 6j z'jqp't6¨¸w'p ª¾{bz ¥¼» jPz'jPw³6eOxJp ¥ srZ¨ erZz rb Pw'jPz ¥ pw ¥ qp½{Zªwehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6«4ò6jP¨\rqx°jPzz'{bz^z rZw'jÓÆ^rZhЪ¾{bz ¥¼» jPz'jPwwz r Ö] ʨ©{rb6pÃXOt6i%jPz{Zª:d¦=y@ q{b6hjq Pw ¥ {bhpÇƶ¹ ×ØÙ%Ú'ÛÜ Ý¢ d¦=y°h ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6«Jps°6~;mµ £ m°6/¦;°hp ¥ it6¨\rZw ¥ {b`°hiU{J6jP¨ ¥ 6h¹ ÞßéZàâá õöãZçäË9åÀäëÇæÀæÀýä±ç¾%ä±áÇá æÈç9èÀú éMë¶êÇã æÀäëÇ`ìZíOéZî õöàöïXä ðÌåÀñÌé ä`ïXòáÇì ó9åÀé ôsëÇë¶æíZé Hõâá áfç%òÌú ãqëÇåÀõöãZõöíêë¶éZàöõöõöç±çîZ äË÷
(10) áÇò!õöà¸õöø%ãqù9åÀäËéZæÀá¶ã úÓç¾éZõ©û õöü%ífá'õöæÈãfáÇýÇåÀéZá å®ä þßç¾
(11) JëÇíZòÌéZð õâás û õö ãÓ æÀõÿásæÀû ä±æç¾äá æÈèÀé êÇæÀë¶ì íMá'åÌï ðñ ï²òó9ôÓë¶í éZõâáfò ãsåÀõöíëÇàâõöç±û. Unité de recherche INRIA Sophia Antipolis 2004, route des Lucioles, BP 93, 06902 Sophia Antipolis Cedex (France) Téléphone : +33 4 92 38 77 77 — Télécopie : +33 4 92 38 77 65.
(12) 1'M
(13) "&^:CÌ^ ' &^"C7$9$
(14) :C A9 '7 &À:$9$
(15) $ (¯* ,./10¿2465M0 7 $¿
(16)
(17) ³! $: CÌ &^ C7^ 7 ¬> ,@? &^§'7< : &$:: ¢ }`jÊ6z'{bw'{J q{b¨©jd¦=y4jqpw q{b6Ot+rZz¨©j ªÀr ¥ wÅOthjp r³%jPz±ª¾{bzi]rZh qj6oPz rb6j^pt6z t6Ψ ¥ jP p rZhp h¨ + srZthp'j6jqp^jPzz'jPt6z'p½6jwz rZhpi ¥ p'p ¥ {b`¹¯}Ìrz r ¥ p'{bÎ6z ¥ h ¥ rZ¨©j6j qjPww'j 6oPz rbhrZw ¥ {bÐjqp'w;ÅOthjd¦=y q{bhp ¥ 6gPz'j³¨©jqp%jPzw'jqpM6jrbÅOthjPw'p q{bi½iUj³oPw rZw 6jqp p ¥ rZtvu 6j q{b6jqpw ¥ {b`¹y:¨¸thp ¥ jPt6z'p^p {b¨¸t6w ¥ {bhp{bOwoPw'o6z'{b9{p'oqjqpÓ° ¨\r6¨¸thp6z'{biUjPww'jPthp'jjqpw^ qjP¨¸¨©j ÅOt ¥ rZiUoP¨ ¥ {bz'j+¨\rÁÅOtrZ¨ ¥ w'o¯vt4¨ ¥ jPp rZhp h¨MjP4t6w ¥ ¨ ¥ p rZOw!6j¯¨\r z'jq6{bhhrZh qj ò/¦Æ¶°f6jqp z'jPwz rZhp'i ¥ p'p ¥ {bhp;p'oP¨©jq Pw ¥ ´jqp^ò~;mµ £ m;ƶ°
(18) jPwt6hjʨ ¥ ´Jz r ¥ p'{b6jrbÅthjPw'p ½¨\rUp'{bzw ¥ jvt+¨ ¥ jP pÇrZh p h¨%hrZhp¨©jPt6z{bz'vz'j; örZzz ¥ ´oqj¹}`j6z'{b6¨©gPiUjM6j¨\r=¦@jqp'w/ÅO!t jP¨¸¨©j q{bhp'{bi½iUjM6j¨\r rZh6jrbp'p rZOw'j¹}`jÊ6z'{b6¨©gPiUj^6jqpz'jPwz rZhpi ¥ p'p ¥ {bhp;p'oP¨©jq Pw ¥ ´jqp;jqpwÅO!t jP¨¸¨©jqp;rZt6iUjPOw'jPw ¨©jqp!6oP¨\r ¥ prZ¨¸¨©jPz±µÀz'jPw'{bt6z6jqprbÅOthjPw'pd¦=y̹¦=jqp!iUoq srZ ¥ p'iUjqp!9{bt6zz r ¥ jPOw6oPw'oPz ¥ {bz'jPz¨\r %jPz±ª¾{bzi]rZh qj¯6j¯d¦=y rZt ¨ ¥ jPt46j¯"¨ örZiUoP¨ ¥ {bz'jPzp ¥ ¨©jPt6z'p!rZz rZiUgPwz'jqp!hj+p {bw!rbp ¥ jP eh{ ¥ p ¥ ps¹;{bthpMoPwth ¥ {bhp hrZhpM qjwz rq´r ¥ ¨¨©jqp%jPz±ª²{bzi]rZh qjqp 6j^d¦=ypt6z;t6+¨ ¥ jPp rZh p h¨ jP6z'oqp jPh qj t6iU{J6gP¨©j exJ6z ¥ 6jÊ/¦ÑZ~;mµ £ m¹h} rUÅthjqpw ¥ {b+ÅthjMh{bthph{bthp9{p {bhp jqp'w q{bi½iUjPOw/ eh{ ¥ p ¥ z¨©jqp:rZz rZiUgPwz'jqp/vt½iUoq srZ ¥ piUj6j q{bzz'jq Pw ¥ {b] jPzz'jPt6zòÅOtrZw ¥ w'o6j /¦;°h{bi6z'j6jfz'jPwz rZhp'i ¥ p'p ¥ {bhpÇÆ:r h6jfi]r u ¥ i ¥ p'jPz¨\rM9jPz±ª¾{bzi]rZh qj6jd¦=y¹ } oPwth6j jqp'wª¾r ¥ w'jrq´jq ^6jqpp ¥ it6¨\rZw ¥ {bhp;jPw6jʨ\r³iU{J6oP¨ ¥ p rZw ¥ {bÍrZrZ¨¸xOw ¥ ÅOthj¹f:¨¸¨©jjqpwiUjPhoqj%{bt6z ¥¼» oPz'jPw'jqpM srZz rb Pw'oPz ¥ pw ¥ ÅOthjqp;6exvp ¥ ÅOthjqpvt+¨ ¥ jP¯p rZh#p h¨fò6oP¨\r ¥ °
(19) w rZtvu6jÊ%jPzw'jqpÇÆjPw%{bt6z ¥¼» oPz'jPw'ph{bi6z'jqp;6j q{b6hj¶u ¥ {bhpd¦=y̹ $Ü s Ú &¡ % ¢ d¦=y°h¨ ¥ jPhpp rZhp h¨À°6~;mµ £ m°6/¦;°hp ¥ it6¨\rZw ¥ {b`°hiU{J6oP¨ ¥ p rZw ¥ {b`¹.
(20)
(21) !#"%$'&("*)+-,/.0 1,2 35464 7 1894. . A
(22) $97 & C A9 '7 {bzfd¦=y°Jwehj;¨©{p'pf{ZªrÊrb «jPw ¥ prZ ¥ h ¥ srZw ¥ {bwerZwfwehjhjPwÈ/{bz« ¥ pf q{b6jqpw'jq=<¸ks6°9k9>?ȹ dfehj³¨©{p'w rb '«jPw ¥ p z'jPwz rZhp'i ¥ ww'jqÍxwehj½d¦=y3p {bt6z' qjUrZhwehj³ ¥ h6{s ¥ pMz'jqvth qjq ¥ {bz'6jPzw'{rZ¨¸¨©jP´ ¥ rZw'j]wehjU q{b6jqpw ¥ {b {Zª=wehjUhjPwÈ/{bz«%¹!dfe ¥ ppwz rZw'jPx ¥ Ðwehj6jPw'jq Pw ¥ {bÁ{Zª q{b6jqp'w ¥ {b]z'jqpt6¨¸w'p ¥ rM%{J{bz9jPz±ª¾{bzi]rZh qj;{Zª%wehj6z'{bw'{O q{b¨
(23) ehjPrb «jPw'p=rZz'j¨©{pw ¥ ]wehj hjPw®/{bz«ª¾{bz{bwehjPzz'jsrbp'{bhpwerZ q{b6jqpw ¥ {b`°hj¹ h@¹ <¸k°vh8° Av8° >B?ȹ:d z rZhpi ¥ p'p ¥ {b+jPzz'{bz'p{br h{ ¥ p'x¨ ¥ 6«%°
(24) wÈxJ ¥ srZ¨¸¨¸xr½ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6«9°hª²{bziÕwehjÊi]r ¥ p'{bt6z' qj ª¾{bzh{bvµÈ q{b6jqp'w ¥ {b+¨©{p'p jqps¹ ~3d¦=y rb '«jPw q{bzzt66w'jq!e ¥ ¨©jM Pz'{p'p ¥ 6Urh{ ¥ px]¨ ¥ 6« ¥ pf ¥ p' srZz'6jq!%j¶ª¾{bz'jz'jsrb e ¥ 6½wehj z'jq qj ¥ ´jPzs° e ¥ 'eÍz'jqpt6¨¸w'p ¥ ÍrZÍt66hjq qjqp p rZzx+ ¥ h6{Ó z'jqvth Pw ¥ {bÁrZw wehj³d¦=y3p {bt6z' qj¹É® wehjUª²{b¨¸¨©{Ó ¥ 6h°/j ¥ ¨¸¨/{b6¨¸xª¾{O Pthp{b wz rZhpi ¥ p p ¥ {bÁjPzz'{bz'p^{s´jPz^ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6«Jp³rZhÐ=j ¥ ¨¸¨/ srZ¨¸¨wehjU q{bzzt66w'jqÁd¦=y3rb «jPw'ph{bvµÈ q{b6jqpw ¥ {bΨ©{p'p'jqp{bzʨ ¥ 6«µÀ¨©jP´jP¨/¨©{p'p'jqpp ¥ h qj wehjPxrZ6%jsrZzrZwr³¨©jP´jP¨`%jP¨©{s3ÉËy¹ C¯rZOxÐp'{b¨¸t6w ¥ {bhpers´j]%jqjPÐ6z'{b%{p'jqÐw'{ ¥ i½6z'{s´jwehjU%jPz±ª¾{bzi]rZh qj]{Zªd¦=yehjP {b%jPz rZw ¥ 6 {b-rZwehp] ¥ we h{bvµÈ q{b6jqpw ¥ {b@¨©{p p'jqps°j¹ hD¹ <¸k°v°hE° >vG° FB?ȹ £ {biUj{Zªwehjqp j p {b¨¸t6w ¥ {bhp/ q{bhp ¥ p'w ¥ jP6erZh ¥ 6³d¦=yÎ ¥ werb6 ¥ w ¥ {brZ¨%iUjq 'erZ ¥ p'iUp/w'{ehjP¨¸ ¥ w/w'{Êz'jq q{s´jPz ª²z'{bih{bvµÈ q{b6jqpw ¥ {b¨©{p'p'jqp ¥ weh{bt6wz'jqvth ¥ 6 ¥ w'p ¥ h6{s¿Ã²j¶uv6¨ ¥ ¥ w¨©{p'p:h{bw ¥ srZw ¥ {bH < - ?È° ¨©{p p6z'jq ¥ Pw'{bz'#p <I>B?È°jPw' ¹âƶE¹ JwehjPzp'{b¨¸t6w ¥ {bhps°Oj¹ h¹ÌÉȵÈd¦=Ky <öB ?È°6z'{b9{p'jfw'{Mpe ¥ jP¨©³wehjp jPh6jPz ª²z'{bi wehjqp j]t6h6jqp ¥ z rZ6¨©j¨©{p'p jqpOx p6¨ ¥ ww ¥ 6¯wehjd¦=y1 q{b6hjq Pw ¥ {b rZwwehjjPwzxÁ{Zªwehj ¨©{p px½rZzw{Zª wehjhjPw®/{bz«%° ¥ ¹ j¹rZwfwehjrbp'j;pw rZw ¥ {b ¥ wehj; srbp j{Zª ¥ z'jP¨©jqp p/hjPw®/{bz«vps¹~ p'9jq ¥ rZ¨h=jP¨¸¨¼µÀwt6hjqwz rZhp9{bzw6z'{bw'{O q{b¨À°vj¹ h¹ £ dLy <¸kMk ?È° ¥ pwehjPthp'jqU{Ó´jPz/wehj¨©{p px³rZzws¹ ~¨¸weh{bt6e½wehjPx ¥ i½6z'{Ó´jfwehj{s´jPz rZ¨¸¨6%jPz±ª²{bzi]rZh qj°wehjqp'jfp'{b¨¸t6w ¥ {bhp6z'jsrZ«^wehj=jPhJµÀw'{ZµÈjPh p jPi]rZw ¥ qp;{Zªd¦=Oy N
(25) rUrb '«jPw ¥ prb '«Jh{s¨©jqvjq%j¶ª¾{bz'jrZzz ¥ ´ ¥ 6rZw ¥ w'#p hrZ¨Ì6jqpw ¥ rZw ¥ {b`¹ dÌ{U6z'jqp'jPz´jwehjjPhJµÀw'{ZµÈjPh¯p'jPi]rZOw ¥ qp;{Zªd¦=y°
(26) {bwehjPz;6z'{bi ¥ p ¥ 6!p'{b¨¸t6w ¥ {bhp6z'{b9{p'jw'{ q{bzz'jq PwjPzz'{bz'p:rZwÌwehj/ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6«Ê¨©jP´jP¨JxÊthp ¥ 6Mr q{bi ¥ rZw ¥ {bU{Zª
(27) /¦Òòh{bz=rZz'½zz'{bz ¦={bzz'jq Pw ¥ {b
(28) ÆrZh~;m ò~t6w'{bi]rZw ¥ mjP9jsrZwmjqÅthjqp'wÇPÆ <¸k°6h8° AB?ȹdfehjÊvz rsrb '«{Zª:=¦ ¥ pÊwerZw ¥ w q{bhpt6iUjqp^p'{biUjUj¶uvwz r!rZhv ¥ vweÎw'{wz rZhpi ¥ wwehj½z'jqvt6hhrZw ¥ vª²{bzi]rZw ¥ {b`¹ É®w½erbp½%jqjP@peh{Ó ¥ <IAB?werZwUwehjPz'j ¥ prZ@{b6w ¥ i]rZ¨;rZiU{bt6Ow{ZªMz'jqvt6hhrZh Px-w'{Ðrb6H° rZ%{s´j^e ¥ e¯wehj^%jPz±ª²{bzi]rZh qj³{Zª/d¦=y6jPz rb6jqp ¥ hp'w'jsrb¯{Zª ¥ i½6z'{s´ ¥ 6h°`rZ¨¸weh{bt6eÍwe ¥ p 6jPz rbhrZw ¥ {b ¥ pÊp¨©{Ó/jPz^werZÐwehj½r ¥ ¥ Ð9jPz±ª¾{bzi]rZh qjU=j]{b6w r ¥ ÁehjPÐwehj hz'pwÊt6 ¥ w'p {Zªz'jqvt6hhrZh Px!rZz'jÊrb66jqH¹~m¿6{Ojqpfh{bw q{bhp't6iUjMith 'erZhv ¥ vwe`° ¥ w'pvz rqrb « ¥ p werZw ¥ w ¥ h Pz'jsrbp'jqp=wehjz'{bt6hJµÀwz ¥ w ¥ iUj½Ã²mddƶ°Je ¥ 'e!i]rqx6jPw'jPz ¥ {bz rZw'j;wehj%jPz±ª¾{bzi]rZh qj {Zªd¦=yÌ° ¥ ª h{bw6{bhj rZ66z'{b6z ¥ rZw'jP¨¸x¹dfehj;we6z'{bt6e66t6w{Zªd¦=y ¥ p/«Jh{sw'{^%j ¥ O´jPz'p'jP¨¸x 6z'{b%{bzw ¥ {brZ¨w'{Êwehjrq´jPz rZjz'{bt6hJµÀwz ¥ w ¥ iU%j <¸ks6°6kÓB ?ȹ~h{bwehjPz6z'{b6¨©jPi"{Zª`~m ¥ pwehj ¥ Ow'jPz±ª²jPz'jPh qj ¥ wed¦=yÎw ¥ iUjq{bt6ws¹:d¦=yÁz'jPwz rZhpi ¥ p'p ¥ {bw ¥ iUjPzi]rsxUj¶uJ ¥ z'je ¥ ¨©jwehj¨©{pw rb «jPw ¥ p%j ¥ 6½z'jPwz rZhpi ¥ ww'jq¯{s´jPzwehjÊ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6«%¹:/¦ 6{Jjqph{bw srZthp'j hj ¥ wehjPz;rZ ¥ h Pz'jsrbp j ¥ mdd4h{bzrZ ¥ Ow'jPz±ª²jPz'jPh qj ¥ wed¦=y w ¥ iUjq{bt6%w <¸k ?ȹ:h{bzwehjqp'jMz'jsrbp'{bhpÓ°6=¦µ :. ;. ñÌñ ã-Q(RMS5TU.
(29) . #, 0!@! .G. Zr ¨©{bhjerbp^9jqjPÁz'jq q{bi½iUjPh6jq w'{%jUthp jqÁ{Ó´jPz¨©{b66jP¨\rqxÁ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6«vp½rbppÇrZw'jP¨¸¨ ¥ w'j {bhjqp%<¸k?ȹ ÏÐjÊpwthvx ¥ we ¥ prZ%jPzwehj %jPz±ª²{bzi]rZh qj{Zªd¦=y4{s´jPzr½ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6« ¥ i½6¨©jPiUjPw±µ ¥ 6Ír¨ ¥ 6«µÀ¨©jP´jP¨fexJ6z ¥ jPzz'{bz½ q{bzz'jq Pw ¥ {bÎiU{J6jP¨ ¥ i½6¨©jPiUjPw ¥ 6Ð/¦;°~;mµ £ mDò~;m £ jP¨©jq Pw ¥ ´j³mjP9jsrZwÇÆrZh¯rZ ¥ vµÈ{bz'6jPz 6jP¨ ¥ ´jPzx{Zªrb «jPw'pMw'{ÉËy¹9~;mµ £ m ¥ pMrZj¶Ö] ¥ jPw ~;m p' ehjPiUjwerZwrs´{ ¥ 6p]wehjt66hjq qjqp'p rZzx-z'jPwz rZhpi ¥ p p ¥ {bhp]werZw/j+p'jqj ¥ weÒ~;m {ZµÈÔfrb «µÈ^¹HÉ® q{bOwz rbpw w'{~;m £ w'{bvµÀÏ r ¥ ws°Ì~mµ £ mrZ¨¸¨©{ÓprZÐj¶Ö] ¥ jPwÊt6w ¥ ¨ ¥¸· rZw ¥ {b {ZªÌwehjMrs´br ¥ ¨\rZ6¨©jMrZhv ¥ vwe`°p ¥ h qji]rZOxrb «jPw'p srZ!9jwz rZhpi ¥ ww'jq{Ó´jPzwehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp p ¨ ¥ 6«9j¶ª¾{bz'j;z'jq qj ¥ ´ ¥ 6]rZOx!rb «Oh{Ó¨©jqviUjPws¹fdfehjMi]r ¥ 6z'{b6¨©jPi§ ¥ we~;mµ £ m ¥ pfwerZw ¥ w=6jqp'jqÅOthjPh qjqp/rb «jPw'ps°JehjPh qj;rÊ6t » jPz ¥ phjqjq6jqrZw/wehj{bt6w6t6wf{Zª`wehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p=¨ ¥ 6«³ª¾{bz wehj6t6z9{p'j{Zª%z'jqp jqÅthjPh ¥ 6rb '«jPw'pfrZhU6jP¨ ¥ ´jPz ¥ 6wehjPi ¥ vµÈ{bz'6jPz/w'{ÊÉËy¹ Jt6w±µÈ{Zª µÈ{bz'6jPz rb «jPw'p]rZz'j!erZzi³ª²t6¨fª²{bz½d¦=y p ¥ h qjwehjPxÎz'jqpt6¨¸w ¥ vt66¨ ¥ srZw'j~ ¦. ps° ¥ we-wehjd¦=y p {bt6z' qj½ ¥ ´ ¥ ¥ 6 ¥ w'p q{b6jqp'w ¥ {bÐ ¥ h6{s Ox+w®/{ ¥ ª/we6z'jqjU{bz iU{bz'j½vt66¨ ¥ srZw'jU~ ¦. prZz'j z'jq qj ¥ ´jqH¹ dfehjÊ q{bi ¥ rZw ¥ {b{Zª/¦¬rZh~mµ £ m¬z'jqvth qjqpwehj t6i9jPz;{Zªw ¥ iUjqp/j z'jPwz rZhpµ i ¥ wrb '«jPw'ps°fe ¥ e4p'eh{bzw'jPhp]wehjmdd rZh wehjz'jqp ÅthjPh ¥ 6Î6jP¨\rqx ¥ @wehj6t » jPz!rZw wehj]{bt6w6t6w{Zª=wehjU ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'pʨ ¥ 6«%¹UÔ=t6ws°`we ¥ p q{bi ¥ rZw ¥ {b-rZ¨©p'{!z'jqvth qjqpÊwehj½rZhv ¥ vwe rs´br ¥ ¨\rZ6¨©j^w'{d¦=yÌ°%p ¥ h qj^/¦3 q{bhp ¥ pw'p ¥ ¯p'jPh ¥ 6!z'jqvt6hhrZOw ¥ vª¾{bzi]rZw ¥ {b ¥ ¯rb6 ¥ w ¥ {b w'{d¦=yÒhrZw rv¹~fwwehjp rZiUjw ¥ iUj°we ¥ p q{bi ¥ rZw ¥ {bz'jqvth qjqpwehjhjq qjqp'p rZzxrZiU{bt6Ow;{Zª /¦w'{U%j thp'jq+ q{bi½rZz'jqw'{]wehj srbp'jehjP+/¦¿rZ¨©{bhj ¥ pthp jqª¾{bzjPzz'{bz q{bzz'jq Pw ¥ {b`¹ ÏÐj rZz'j;iU{bw ¥ ´rZw'jq ¥ !we ¥ pfpwthvxxUeh{Ów'{wt6hj;wehj;rZz rZiUjPw'jPz'p{Zªr¨ ¥ 6«OµÀ¨©jP´jP¨HexJ6z ¥ /¦ÑZ~;mµ £ m4iU{O6jP¨9p'{rbpw'{Êi]r u ¥ i ¥¸· jwehj9jPz±ª¾{bzi]rZh qj{Zª d¦=y¹J~Òw®xO ¥ srZ¨%j¶uhrZi½6¨©j {ZªrZz rZiUjPw'jPz'pw'{½wt6hj ¥ pwehjrZiU{bt6w{Zª:/¦¬rZhwehj i]r u ¥ it6i Ot6i%jPz;{Zªwz ¥ rZ¨©p=j rZ¨¸¨©{Ó ~mµ £ m-w'{M6{;%j¶ª²{bz'jf6jq ¥ ¥ 6ÊwerZwwehjfrb '«jPw srZ6h{bw:%j=¨©{O srZ¨¸¨¸xz'jq q{s´jPz'jqH°JrZh werZw ¥ werbpw'{½%j z'jq q{Ó´jPz'jqOx!d¦=y4{bjPhJµÀw'{ZµÈjPhrbp ¥ ps¹ Jt6z;pwthvx ¥ p6{bhj Oxp ¥ i³µ t6¨\rZw ¥ 6]rZhiU{J6jP¨ ¥ 6½¨©{b6bµÀ¨ ¥ ´jqd¦=y-wz rZhp±ª¾jPz'pf{s´jPz ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6«Jpfpeh{Ó ¥ 6]ÔfjPzh{bt6¨¸¨ ¥ h{bvµÈ q{b6jqp'w ¥ {bШ©{p'p'jqps¹^dfehj½p ¥ it6¨\rZw ¥ {bhprZz'j½6{bhj³ ¥ weÍwehj³hp±µ®p ¥ it6¨\rZw'{bz <¸9k AB?ȹ^dfehj iU{J6jP¨ ¥ 6 ¥ p6{bhj+ ¥ we rZrZrZ¨¸xJw ¥ srZ¨MrZ66z'{rb e P¨©{p jw'{ werZwthp'jq ¥ <IA?ȹ¬h{bzwehj 6t6z%{p'j³{Zª/wehj³pwthvx°`reOxO6z ¥ Í/¦ÑZ~;mµ £ mjPzz'{bzÊ q{bzz'jq Pw ¥ {bÍiU{J6jP¨: ¥ we ¥ vµÈ{bz'6jPz 6jP¨ ¥ ´jPzx³erbp:%jqjP ¥ i½6¨©jPiUjPOw'jq ¥ ½hp±µ®v¹ÏÐj q{bhp ¥ 6jPz ¥¼» jPz'jPOw6eOxJp ¥ srZ¨
(30) 'erZz rb Pw'jPz ¥ pw ¥ qp {Zª9wehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p:¨ ¥ 6«Ã²6jP¨\rqx°JjPzz'{bz:z rZw'jÓÆ:rZh½ ¥¼» jPz'jPw/wz r Ö] ¨©{rb6pÃXt6i9jPz={Zª9d¦=yÁ q{bvµ hjq Pw ¥ {bhp¶Æ¶¹= ¥ z'pws°/j6z'jqp'jPw r½pt6i½i]rZzx{Zª{bt6zp ¥ it6¨\rZw ¥ {b+z'jqp't6¨¸w'ps¹fdfehjP`°h/j6z'jqp'jPOw {bt6z;rZrZ¨¸xOw ¥ srZ¨`iU{J6jP¨ÌrZh=jpeh{Ó¬werZw ¥ wrZ66z'{su ¥ i]rZw'jqp´jPzx!/jP¨¸¨`wehjp ¥ it6¨\rZw ¥ {b+z'j¶µ p't6¨¸w'psE¹ Jt6zi]r ¥ hh ¥ 6p= srZ9jpt6i½i]rZz ¥¸· jq!rbpª¾{b¨¸¨©{s p
(31) ª¾{bz¨©{b6bµÀ¨ ¥ ´jq!d¦=yÎwz rZhp±ª¾jPz'p rZh³ÔfjPzh{bt6¨¸¨ ¥ jPzz'{bz'ps°wehj=thp'jf{Zª%~mµ £ m ¥ piU{bz'jf%jPhj ¥ rZ¨6werZ½wehj/thp j={Zª9=¦;°jP´jP ¥ ³j¶uvwz'jPiUj/ srbp'jqpehjPz'j=wehj=6jP¨\rqx ¥ p̨\rZzjrZhwehj=jPzz'{bzz rZw'j ¥ pe ¥ e`¹~;pr q{bhp'jqÅOthjPh qj° wehji]r u ¥ it6i t6w ¥ ¨ ¥¸· rZw ¥ {b!/j; srZz'jsrb e ¥ werexJ6z ¥ /¦ÑZ~;mµ £ m ¥ pz'{bt6e6¨¸x ¥ h6j¶µ ïXðñ ï²ò.
(32)
(33) !#"%$'&("*)+-,/.0 1,2 35464 7 1894. . ¥ t6z'j]k
(34) dfehjxO6z ¥ ¯C {O6jP¨`/¦3Ñ^~mµ £ m %jPh6jPw/{Zª
(35) wehjOt6i%jPz{Zª%d¦=y q{b6hjq Pw ¥ {bhps¹:h{bz/rM qjPzw r ¥ ]~;mµ £ m-%jPz'p ¥ pw'jPh Px^¨©jP´jP¨À° wehjPz'j ¥ pÊrZÍ{b6w ¥ i]rZ¨rZiU{bt6w{Zª=/¦3w'{9j½rb66jq ¥ Í{bz'6jPzMw'{rb 'e ¥ jP´j^ª²t6¨¸¨t6w ¥ ¨ ¥¸· rZw ¥ {b {ZªÌwehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp pf¨ ¥ 6«9¹:~x]j¶uvwz r³rZiU{bt6w{ZªÌ/¦46jPw'jPz ¥ {bz rZw'jqpwehj%jPz±ª¾{bzi]rZh qj ¥ hp'w'jsrb {Zª ¥ i½6z'{s´ ¥ 6 ¥ ws¹ ÏÐjpw rZzwx@rÐ6jqp Pz ¥ 6w ¥ {b4{ZªÊwehjiU{O6jP¨;{Zª{bt6zpwthvx ¥ £ jq Pw ¥ {b v¹ £ jq Pw ¥ {b p't6i½i]rZz ¥¸· jqp{bt6zp' qjPrZz ¥ {prZh!j¶uJ6¨\r ¥ hp{bt6zp ¥ it6¨\rZw ¥ {bz'jqpt6¨¸w'pÓ¹:dfehjMrZrZ¨¸xJw ¥ srZ¨HiU{J6jP¨ rZh ¥ w'pMp'{b¨¸t6w ¥ {bÐrZz'j6z'jqp jPw'jq ¥ £ jq Pw ¥ {b¯h¹;ÏÐj^ q{bh P¨¸th6j^wehjrZ%jPz ¥ £ jq Pw ¥ {bÐ]x p {biUj q{bh P¨¸thp ¥ {bhp½rZhÁ9jPz'p'9jq Pw ¥ ´jqp^{bÎ{bt6zª²t6wt6z'j]z'jqp'jsrZz' e`¹dfehjrZ6%jPh ¥ uvjqp½rZwwehj jPh+{Zª:wehjÊrZ%jPz6z'{s´ ¥ 6j6jPw r ¥ ¨©p;{bwehj^rZrZ¨¸xJp ¥ p%jPe ¥ hp'{biUjrZrZ¨¸xJw ¥ srZ¨j¶uJ6z'jqp'p ¥ {bhp 6z'jqp jPw'jq ¥ wehjÊrZ9jPzs¹ > D7 & ÏÐj+ q{bhp ¥ 6jPzrÍ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6«-ehjPz'j+hrZw rÎrZz'jwz rZhp'i ¥ ww'jq ¥ 4¨ ¥ 6«µÀ¨©jP´jP¨½Ã²}`}Ìƽª²z rZiUjqp ò ¥ t6z'j kÓƶ¹ÏÐjf6jPh{bw'jfx ¬wehj=rZhv ¥ vwe]{Zª9wehjf ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6«%°rZh³ x ¥ w'p:{bhj¶µÀ=rsx 6z'{brZrZw ¥ {b6jP¨\rsx¹~;p/=j p'jqj ¥ ! ¥ t6z'j³k°vjsrb 'e}`}ͪXz rZiUj ¥ p ¥ ´ ¥ 6jq ¥ Ow'{ D¨ ¥ 6«OµÀ¨©jP´jP¨ wz rZhp'i ¥ p'p ¥ {b¯t6 ¥ w'ps¹~} } wz rZhpi ¥ p'p ¥ {b¯t6 ¥ w; srZ¯%jr] ¥ ws°%r]xJw'j°%{bzMrZOx{bwehjPzMhrZw r t6 ¥ ws¹d {³wehj Ät6 ¥ w'p{Zª:r³}`}ͪ²z rZiUj°6/jÊrb6
(36) Äz'jqvt6hhrZwt6 ¥ w'pwerZw/j{b6w r ¥ thp ¥ 6r mjqjqJµ £ {b¨©{biU{b! q{J6j <¸ks ?ȹ ¥ p/ srZ¨¸¨©jqUwehj¨©jP6we{Zª%wehj q{J6j° ¥ w'p ¥ iUjPhp ¥ {b`° rZh ¥ w'pfz rZw'j¹:ÏÐj pt66%{p'j;werZw/j ers´jÊrZjPz rbpt6z'j 'erZ6hjP¨/ÃXwehjM%{p ¥ w ¥ {b{Zªwehj jPzz'{bz ¥ p;«Jh{s
(37) ƶ¹^~}`}-ªXz rZiUj ¥ p 6jq q{J6jq ¥ ª/j½ q{bzz'jq Pw¨¸x¯z'jq qj ¥ ´j ){bzMiU{bz'j³t6 ¥ w'p {Zª wehjª²z rZiUj;rZw=wehj{bt6w6t6w{Zª wehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p=¨ ¥ 6«%¹:~d¦=y rb '«jPwfwerZwfrZzz ¥ ´jqprZw=wehj ¥ 66t6w {ZªÌwehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'pf¨ ¥ 6« ¥ p/ ¥ ´ ¥ 6jq ¥ w'{ ª²z rZiUjqps¹:~¨¸¨%d¦=y rb '«jPw'prZz'j;{ZªÌ q{bhpw rZOwp ¥¸· j à C £6£ d¦=y=ÑZÉ®y ehjsrb6jPzÇƶ¹ ;jPh qj° wz rZhp'i ¥ p'p ¥ {bt6 ¥ w'ps¹ d {%j6jP¨ ¥ ´jPz'jq ñÌñ ã-Q(RMS5TU.
(38) A. #, 0!@! .G. w'{Uwehj6jqpw ¥ rZw ¥ {b`°
(39) wehj Ī²z rZiUjqp{ZªrUd¦=yÒrb '«jPw;erq´jw'{½%jÊ/jP¨¸¨6jq q{O6jqH¹ÉȪ:=¦ 6{Jjqp h{bwp'th q qjqjqÐw'{6jq q{J6j]{bhjU}`} ªXz rZiUj°Ìwehj½¨ ¥ 6«OµÀ¨©jP´jP¨/jPzz'{bzÊz'jq q{Ó´jPzxÍiUjq 'erZ ¥ pi z'jqp {bzw'pw'{~;mµ £ m¿ª¾{bzwehjz'jPwz rZhpi ¥ p'p ¥ {b{Zª/wehjʪ²z rZiUj¹dfehj^z'jPwz rZhpi ¥ p p ¥ {b ¥ ¨¸¨Ì%j 6{bhjri]r u ¥ it6iOt6i%jPz{Zª
(40) w ¥ iUjqps° srZ¨¸¨©jq³wehj/%jPz'p ¥ pw'jPh Px^{Zª9~;mµ £ m@rZh³6jPh{bw'jq³x °
(41)
(42)
(43) ²¹ UiUjsrZhpwerZw;wehjPz'j³rZz'jÊh{z'jPwz rZhpi ¥ p'p ¥ {bhpMrZhwerZwM~;mµ £ m ¥ p; ¥ p rZ6¨©jqH¹;Ï4ehjP wz ¥ rZ¨©p rZz'j^6{bhj½rZhwehjªXz rZiUj^ ¥ +h{bwjPw;we6z'{bt6ewehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp p ¨ ¥ 6«%°:~;mµ £ m rbp pt6iUjqp^werZw^wehj]ª²z rZiUj srZ6h{bw³%j]¨©{J srZ¨¸¨¸xÐz'jq q{Ó´jPz'jqH°/rZhΨ©jsrq´jqp^ª¾{bz d¦=y@wehjÊ q{bzz'jq Pw ¥ {b+{Zªwehj;ª²z rZiUjÊ{bjPhJµÀw'{ZµÈjPhrbp ¥ pÓ¹ dfehjU~mµ £ m"z'jq qj ¥ ´jPz^rZwÊwehj]{bt6w6t6w{Zªfwehj½ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'pʨ ¥ 6«Ðrb «Oh{Ó¨©jqvjqp^jsrb eÁ}`} ª²z rZiUj=j ¥ wehjPz: ¥ we½r%{p ¥ w ¥ ´jf~ ¦ 4{bz:r~ ¦ ½¹ZÏ4ehjP½r;~ ¦ ¥ pz'jq qj ¥ ´jqUrZwwehj ¥ 66t6w {Zª wehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'pU¨ ¥ 6«%°fwehj q{bzz'jqp%{bh ¥ 6 ª²z rZiUj ¥ p ¥ z'jq Pw¨¸x-z'jPwz rZhpi ¥ ww'jqH°rZh@ ¥ ´jP 6z ¥ {bz ¥ w®x{s´jPz rZ¨¸¨ {bwehjPzªXz rZiUjqpwerZwerq´jh{bwxjPw9jqjP+wz rZhpi ¥ ww'jqH#¹ Jhj srZ ¥ i]rZ ¥ hj wehjthp'j{ZªMr+6z ¥ {bz ¥ w®xÁÅOthjPthj]ª¾{bz³z'jPwz rZhpi ¥ p'p ¥ {bhpÓ¹Ðdfehjrb '«jPw'pU q{bzz'jq Pw¨¸xÎz'jq qj ¥ ´jq rZw wehj¯{bt6w6t6w{ZªÊwehj¯ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p!¨ ¥ 6«ÒrZz'j+z'jqp'jqÅOthjPh qjqÒ%j¶ª¾{bz'j+%j ¥ 6 6jP¨ ¥ ´jPz'jq w'{ÁÉËy̹f~ {bt6w±µÈ{ZªXµÈ{bz'6jPzU6jP¨ ¥ ´jPzx w rZ«jqp³6¨\rb qj!{b6¨¸x ¥ ª;r+rb '«jPwU srZ6h{bw½%j]¨©{J srZ¨¸¨¸xÁ q{bzz'jq Pw'jqH°/vthj w'{wehjª¾r ¥ ¨¸t6z'j^{Zªwehjz'jPwz rZhpi ¥ p'p ¥ {b{Zª/{bhj^{Zª ¥ w'pª²z rZiUjqpM{bziU{bz'j¹;;{bw'jwerZwMrb '«jPw'p rZz'jUz'jqp'jqÅthjPh qjqÎrZwÊwehj]{bt6w6t6w^{Zªwehj½ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'pʨ ¥ 6«Í{b rZÁrZz'jPrZw'j]rbp ¥ ps°`h{bw{b r {Ó3rbp ¥ pÓ¹=dfe ¥ pp ¥ i½6¨ ¥ jqpwehj ¥ i½6¨©jPiUjPw rZw ¥ {bÍ{Zª:wehjjPzz'{bzz'jq q{s´jPzxiUjq erZ ¥ pi rZh z'jqp'9jq Pw'pwehjÊ6z ¥ h ¥ 6¨©jÊ{Zª¨\rsxjPz ¥ 6 ¥ wehj É®w'jPzhjPws¹ ¦={bh qjPz ¥ 6MjPzz'{bz'p{s´jPzwehj/ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p ¨ ¥ 6«%°Z/jiU{O6jP¨JwehjPi3thp ¥ 6 rÔfjPzh{bt6¨¸¨ ¥ 6z'{O qjqp ps° ehjPz'j/wz rZhpi ¥ p'p ¥ {bt6 ¥ w'p:rZz'j/¨©{pw ¥ h6jP%jPh6jPw¨¸x^{Zª
(44) jsrb 'e³{bwehjPzÌ ¥ we³6z'{brZ ¥ ¨ ¥ w®x ¹Ìdfehj jPzz'{bz;6z'{J qjqp'p ¥ pM{b6¨¸x+rZ66¨ ¥ jq+w'{hrZw r]rb «jPw'ps¹;~ ¦. p;{Zª=~mµ £ mrZhweh{p j{Zª/d¦=y rZz'jpt669{p jq½w'{Ê Pz'{p'p:wehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6«³ ¥ weh{bt6w/9j ¥ 6vz'{b6%jqU ¥ ´jP]wehj ¥ z/pi]rZ¨¸¨p ¥¸· jqps¹ ;ptrZ¨¸¨¸x°:jPzz'{bz'p³{s´jPz³ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p^¨ ¥ 6«vp½rZz'j]iU{J6jP¨©jq OxÎr C¯rZz«{Ó´Á 'er ¥ -{Zªw®/{{bz^iU{bz'j p'w rZw'jqpp ¥ h qjwehjPxrZ69jsrZz ¥ 6t6z'p'w'p <IA6° Fv° ksv°Ìks ?ȹÏÐj eh{O{p jwehjÔ=jPzh{bt6¨¸¨ ¥ iU{J6jP¨ ª¾{bz wehj³p ¥ i½6¨ ¥ ¥ w®x+{Zªwehj½rZrZ¨¸xvp ¥ p ¥ wMrZ¨¸¨©{Óps¹Êdfehj³ÔfjPzh{bt6¨¸¨ ¥ iU{O6jP¨ ¥ p;«Oh{Ów'{eh{b¨©{Ó´jPz ªÀrbpwª¾rb ¥ 6³ 'erZ6hjP¨©pÊÃXe ¥ ep%jqjqUiU{b ¥ ¨©j;thp'jPz'pÇOÆ <¸ks ?%rZhehjP ¥ w'jPz¨©jsrs´ ¥ 6 ¥ p/thp'jq < - ?ȹ ÏÐjrZz'jU{b6¨¸x ¥ Ow'jPz'jqpw'jq ¥ we ¥ pÊrZ%jPzÊx¯wehj ¥ i½rb Pw{Zªfwehj]rs´jPz rZj]jPzz'{bzÊz rZw'j¹dfehj ¥ i½rb Pw{Zª6t6z'pw ¥ hjqp p{ZªjPzz'{bz'p ¥ ¨¸¨`%jMwehjÊpt6v|jq Pw{Zª:rª²t6wt6z'j z'jqp'jsrZz' e`¹ ~pª²{bz=wehjwz r Ö] °v/j; q{bhp ¥ 6jPzfwerZw ¥ pf q{bi½%{p'jq{Zª¬¨©{b6bµÀ¨ ¥ ´jqd¦=y q{b6hjq Pw ¥ {bhp Pz'{p p ¥ 6wehj½ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6« ¥ ÐwehjUp rZiUj ¥ z'jq Pw ¥ {b`¹!dfehj³ª²{J Pthp ¥ p{bÐeh{s¤w'{i]r u ¥ i ¥¸· j wehjrZz'jPrZw'j¯we6z'{bt6e66t6w{ZªwehjÄ q{b6hjq Pw ¥ {bhps°;rZh@ehjPh qj¯wehj+t6w ¥ ¨ ¥¸· rZw ¥ {b{ZªÊwehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp p¨ ¥ 6«%¹ÏÐj;rZz'j;rqfrZz'j;{ZªÌwehjªÀrb Pw/werZw=we ¥ piU{J6jP¨
(45) ª²{bz=ÉÈOw'jPzhjPw=wz r Ö] ¥ p/h{bw/´jPzx z'jsrZ¨ ¥ p'w ¥ ° 6t6wÊ=jU%jP¨ ¥ jP´j]rZwwehj]p rZiUj½w ¥ iUj½werZwwehjUpwthvxÍ{Zª¨©{b6bµÀ¨ ¥ ´jq d¦=y¿wz r Ö] ¥ pMrZ ¥ i½9{bzw rZOwMp'w'jP+w'{]9j^ Pz'{p'p'jq9j¶ª¾{bz'jp'wthvx ¥ 6!{bwehjPziU{J6jP¨©pª²{bz;ÉÈOw'jPzhjPwMwz r Ö] werZw³i]rZw' e-9jPww'jPz³wehjz'jsrZ¨ ¥ wÈxÎj¹ h¹iU{O6jP¨©p^ª¾{b z ;ddy1wz r Ö] ¹Ð;{bw'jwerZw^¨©{b6bµÀ¨ ¥ ´jq d¦=y q{b6hjq Pw ¥ {bhpÊrZz'j«Jh{sw'{! srZzzx+rZ ¥ i½%{bzw rZwÊ{ZªÉ®w'jPzhjPw wz r Ö] ½rZh+werZwMwe ¥ p ïXðñ ï²ò.
(46)
(47) !#"%$'&("*)+-,/.0 1,2 35464 7 1894. . rZzw ¥ pfj¶uJ%jq Pw'jqw'{ ¥ h Pz'jsrbp j ¥ we!wehjMrbv´jPw{Zª hjP hrZw r µÀz'jqjqvxrZ66¨ ¥ srZw ¥ {bhprbpfyby rZh z ¥ 6ps¹ 5 ^'fA% '7 6A & ÏÐj ¥ i½6¨©jPiUjPw!{bt6zUiU{O6jP¨ª²{bzU¨ ¥ 6«OµÀ¨©jP´jP¨/¦ÑZ~;mµ £ m ¥ we ¥ vµÈ{bz'6jPz6jP¨ ¥ ´jPzx ¥ Ow'{ hpµ®v°
(48) wehjhjPwÈ={bz«+p ¥ it6¨\rZw'{bzÊ6jP´jP¨©{b9jqÍrZwM}`Ôf} <¸9k A?ȹ;dfehj^iU{O6jP¨ ¥ p;{b6¨¸x+rZ66¨ ¥ jqw'{ wehjU ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'pʨ ¥ 6«%°ÌrZh ¥ pÊwz rZhprZz'jPww'{wehj½z'jqpw{Zªfwehj½hjPw®/{bz« rZhÐw'{d¦=y¿%jqjPz'ps¹ Jt6zp ¥ it6¨\rZw ¥ {bhpMrZz'j ¥ ´ ¥ 6jq ¥ Ow'{½wÈ={½rZzw'ps¹dfehj hz'p'wrZzwfª²{J Pthp'jqp{bwehjMt6w ¥ ¨ ¥¸· rZw ¥ {b {Zªwehj; ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6« ¥ srbp'jM{Zª ³ q{bh Pt6zz'jPOwd¦=y q{b6hjq Pw ¥ {bhps¹/dfehj;p jq q{bh!rZzw ª¾{J Pthp'jqp{bwehj^t6w ¥ ¨ ¥¸· rZw ¥ {b {Zªwehj^ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'pM¨ ¥ 6«ehjPÐ{bhj^d¦=y q{b6hjq Pw ¥ {b thp'jqp rZ¨©{bhj wehj³ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp pʨ ¥ 6«+ª²{bz ¥ w'p wz rZhpª²jPzs¹½É® rZ¨¸¨pwth ¥ jqÐp qjPrZz ¥ {ps° ¥ p 6u6jqÍw'{Íksv° w'{ A rZhwehj]p ¥¸· j½{Zª/¨ ¥ 6«OµÀ¨©jP´jP¨t6 ¥ w'pÊw'{ !xJw'jqps¹½d¦=yrb '«jPw'p³rZz'j³wehjP {Zªf q{bhpw rZw^p ¥¸· j jqÅOtrZ¨%w'{!ks^xJw'jqpÊà C+d ¬{Zª:wehjPzhjPwÇƶ¹ £O¥ it6¨\rZw ¥ {bhprZz'j;zt6ª²{bz^p'jq q{bh6ps¹dfe ¥ p z'jP¨\rZw ¥ ´jP¨¸xͨ©{b6¯vt6z rZw ¥ {b ¥ pÊhjq qjqp'p rZzxÍw'{rZhp'{bzÁwehj ¥ ¥ w ¥ rZ¨=p¨©{s¤pw rZzwÊ6erbp'j{Zªd¦=y rZhw'{½{b6w r ¥ q{b´jPzjPh qj^{Zªt6w ¥ ¨ ¥¸· rZw ¥ {b+iUjsrbpt6z'jPiUjPw'pÓ¹ dfehj³´brZ¨¸thjqp ¥ ´jPÍw'{ rZh rZz'j³z rZh6{bi½¨¸x eh{p'jP`¹ JwehjPzÊ´rZ¨¸thjqprZz'j³9{p p ¥ 6¨©j¹ Jt6z6t6z9{p'j ¥ ph{bww'{]{b6w ¥ i ¥¸· jwehjqp'jÅtrZOw ¥ w ¥ jqps°h6t6wz rZwehjPzw'{U{b6w ¥ i ¥¸· jwehjrZiU{bt6w {ZªM/¦¤w'{%j!thp'jq rZh-wehj!%jPz'p ¥ pw'jPh PxΨ©jP´jP¨ ¹-ÏÐj!¨©{J{b«Ðª¾{bz rZh nrbp ¥ 66t6w'p {Zªwehj+6z'{b6¨©jPi z rZwehjPzwerZ{bt6w6t6w'ps¹dfe ¥ p!z'jqvth qjqp!wehj¯t6i9jPz{ZªrZz rZiUjPw'jPz'pw'{ {b6w ¥ i ¥¸· j¹ ;{bw'j!werZw½wehj{b6w ¥ i ¥¸· rZw ¥ {bÒ{Zª nrZh ¥ pUrZ¨©p'{ÍrZ ¥ w'jPz'jqpw ¥ 6Ð6z'{b6¨©jPi ¥ ´jPÍwehj³wz rb6jq{ »-¥ w ¥ O´{b¨¸´jqps¹³h{bz ¥ hpw rZh qj°%ª¾{bzÊ q{bhpw rZOwÊrb '«jPwp ¥¸· jqpUò q{bhpw rZw ƶ° wehj½p ¥¸· jU{Zªf} }-ª²z rZiUjqpÊ6jq Pz'jsrbp'jqpÊehjP ¥ h Pz'jsrbp'jqpÓ°`e ¥ 'eÁ6jq Pz'jsrbp'jqpÊwehj½6z'{brZ ¥ ¨ ¥ w®x werZwfrÊ}`}ª²z rZiUj ¥ p q{bzzt66w'jqH¹dfe ¥ ppeh{bt6¨© ¥ i½6z'{s´j;wehj%jPz±ª²{bzi]rZh qj¹ ;{s=jP´jPzs°JehjP =j ¥ h Pz'jsrbp'j Á° n6jq Pz'jsrbp jqps°=ehjPh qjwehjt6i9jPz{Zª;z'jqvt6hhrZOwt6 ¥ w'p]9jPzU} }ª²z rZiUj 6jq Pz'jsrbp jqps° ¥ ª/j6{h{bw^ 'erZ6jwehj!rZiU{bt6w½{Zª/¦;¹ÌÉ®w^erbp%jqjPÁpeh{Ó ¥ L <IA?=werZw we ¥ p=i]rsx6jPw'jPz ¥ {bz rZw'j wehj;%jPz±ª²{bzi]rZh qjMp ¥ h qjª²z rZiUjqp= srZ!h{Óz'jqp ¥ pw=w'{¨©jqp p=jPzz'{bz'pÓ¹:dfehj {b6w ¥ i ¥¸· rZw ¥ {b¯6z'{b6¨©jPi 9jq q{biUjqpiU{bz'j ¥ w'jPz'jqp'w ¥ 6ehjP+/j^rZ¨¸¨©{s3wehjrb '«jPwMp ¥¸· j w'{ erZ6j¹:dfehjrb «jPw=p ¥¸· j6jq ¥ 6jqp/{bwehjz rZw'j ¥ wee ¥ 'e!d¦=y ¥ h Pz'jsrbp'jqp ¥ w'p/ q{b6jqp'w ¥ {b ¥ h6{Ó <IAv°Hks6°HkÓJ° 9k >B?ȹ .
(49) ! "#%$&"' (*),+-"#./+0 1"#2
(50). s ¡ Ø0: 6 8 Ü É®we ¥ pp'jq Pw ¥ {b`°Z=j/6z'jqp jPweh{s wehjt6w ¥ ¨ ¥¸· rZw ¥ {b½{Zªhwehj/ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6« ´brZz ¥ jqp ¥ ^p ¥ it6¨\rZw ¥ {bhp rb q q{bz' ¥ 6Íw'{¯wehj´rZz ¥ {bthp³rZz rZiUjPw'jPz'pU{Zª;/¦¤rZh ~mµ £ m¹ÌÏÐj! q{bhp ¥ 6jPz'jq-p jP´jPz rZ¨ p qjPrZz ¥ {pwerZwrZz'jÊ6jPz ¥ ´jq!ª²z'{bi wehj hjPw®/{bz«w'{b%{b¨©{bxp'eh{s ¥ ¥ t6z'jv¹ 3#465/465. 798. ñÌñ ã-Q(RMS5TU. % v 8 Ü!:.
(51) >. #, 0!@! .G. ¥ t6z'j
(52) £O¥ it6¨\rZw'jqhjPw®/{bz«w'{b%{b¨©{bx ~ pfwehjht6z'jpeh{sps°hwehjPz'jrZz'jUks³d¦=y@p {bt6z' qjqpwerZwwz rZhpi ¥ wdyÒhrZw r³p ¥ it6¨¸w r µ hjq{bthp'¨¸x¯rZh q{bw ¥ Oth{bthp¨¸x+w'{wehj³p rZiUj³6jqpw ¥ rZw ¥ {b`¹Ê/rb 'eÐp'{bt6z' qj³ q{bzz'jqp%{bh6pMw'{!{bhj d¦=yÍ q{b6hjq Pw ¥ {b`¹:dfehj=p'{bt6z' qjqpthp'j/wehj=jPmjPh{´jPz'p ¥ {b³{Zª9d¦=yÐrZhjPrZ6¨©jfwehj=ºMjP¨\rqx ~ ¦ ¤ª²t6h Pw ¥ {brZ¨ ¥ wÈ*x <¸9k >?ȹ³dfehj½p'{bt6z' qjqprZhÍ6jqpw ¥ rZw ¥ {bÁrZz'j½ q{b6hjq Pw'jqÍw'{!wehj½ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp p ¨ ¥ 6«Á´ ¥ rÎks C+6hp³¨ ¥ 6«Jp³ers´ ¥ 6 r¯{bhj¶µÀ=rsx 6z'{brZrZw ¥ {b@6jP¨\rqx jqÅtrZ¨w'{Í+iUps¹Ádfehj rZhv ¥ vweÒ{Zªwehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p³¨ ¥ 6« Ô ¥ p½p'jPw³w'{Í C6hpÓ° ¥ w'p³6jP¨\rqx º ´rZz ¥ jqp½%jPwÈ=jqjP@ iUprZh½iUp6jP%jPh ¥ 6{bwehjÊp' qjPrZz ¥ {6¹dfehj´brZ¨¸thjqp/jÊ ¥ ´jÊw'{UºiU{O6jP¨ ¥¼» jPz'jPw w®xO%jqpM{Zª/ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'pM¨ ¥ 6«vpMz rZ6 ¥ 6!ª²z'{bi w'jPzz'jqp'wz ¥ rZ¨:¨ ¥ 6«Jp;w'{p rZw'jP¨¸¨ ¥ w'j³{bhjqps¹d`z rZhpi ¥ p'p ¥ {b t6 ¥ w'prZz'j;¨©{pwÊò q{bzzt66w'jqÆ={Ó´jPzwehjM ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'pf¨ ¥ 6«U ¥ we6z'{brZ ¥ ¨ ¥ wÈx °J ¥ wewehj;´brZ¨¸thjM{Zª z rZ6 ¥ 6½ªXz'{bi w'{ ¹ d {½rq´{ ¥ rZOx]¨ ¥ i ¥ w rZw ¥ {b{Zª wz r Ö] Mvthj;w'{³{bwehjPzz'jsrbp'{bhp=werZjPzz'{bz'p ¥ wehjM ¥ z'jP¨©jqp p ¨ ¥ 6«%°=jw rZ«j!wehjª¾{b¨¸¨©{s ¥ 6 iUjsrbp't6z'jq p
(53) Ðà ¥ Æ^dfehj! ¥ z'jq-¨ ¥ 6«vpUrZz'j q{bi½6¨©jPw'jP¨¸xÎz'jP¨ ¥ rZ6¨©j¹ à ¥¸¥ Ædfehj^p ¥¸· j{Zª/d¦=yrbv´jPzw ¥ p'jq¯ ¥ h6{Ó ¥ p´jPzx¨\rZzj°9t6¯w'{rb '«jPw'ps¹³Ã ¥¸¥¸¥ Ædfehj 6t » jPz'p ¥ !hjPwÈ={bz«z'{bt6w'jPz'prZz'j;´jPzx¨\rZzj°vwehjPx srZpw'{bz'jMt6!w'{½rb «jPw'ps¹Ã ¥ ´hÆ/dfehj 6t » jPzthp jq!ª²{bzz'jqp'jqÅOthjPh ¥ 6]rb '«jPw'p rZwwehj{bt6w6t6w;{Zª:wehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6« ¥ p´jPzx¨\rZzj¹ h6jPzwehjqp j q{bh ¥ w ¥ {bhps° ¥ w ¥ p/ P¨©jsrZz/werZw/wehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp p¨ ¥ 6« ¥ pwehj{b6¨¸x½%{bww¨©jPhjq '«]{bwehj rZweÐ{ZªfwehjUd¦=y¬ q{b6hjq Pw ¥ {bhpÓ¹¦={b6jqpw ¥ {b ¨©{p p'jqp 6{!h{bwrZ6%jsrZz ¥ ÍhjPwÈ/{bz«Íz'{bt6w'jPz'p t66¨©jqp pwehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p¨ ¥ 6« ¥ pªXt6¨¸¨¸x½t6w ¥ ¨ ¥¸· jqH¹ÏÐj=rZOw=w'{{b6w ¥ i ¥¸· jwehjrZz rZiUjPw'jPz'p{Zª`=¦ rZh~mµ £ m ¥ we ¥ p9jqp'w srbp'jÊp'jPww ¥ 6h¹dfehj{b6w ¥ i ¥¸· rZw ¥ {b+6z'{b6¨©jPi ¥ ph{bwiUjsrZ ¥ 6bªXt6¨ ehjPwehj d¦=yÒ q{b6hjq Pw ¥ {bhp;rZz'jÊ q{bhpwz r ¥ hjqOxp {biUjÊ{bwehjPzrZzw'p{Zªwehj hjPwÈ={bz«9¹ ÏÐj%jP ¥ !xpwthvx ¥ 6½p'jPrZz rZw'jP¨¸xwehjMj » jq Pw'p{Zª=¦ rZh~;mµ £ m{b!wehjMt6w ¥ ¨ ¥¸· r µ w ¥ {b-{Zªwehj ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p³¨ ¥ 6«%° ¥ ¹ j¹¯wehjj » jq Pw½{Zª/¦"rZ¨©{bhj!rZhÎwerZw½{Zª~;mµ £ m rZ¨©{bhj¹ £ jq q{bhH°9=jpwthvxwehj%jPz±ª²{bzi]rZh qj^{ZªwehjexJ6z ¥ +iU{J6jP¨À° ¥ ¹ j¹/¦¿rZh+~;mµ £ mrZz'j q{bi ¥ hjq w'{bjPwehjPzs¹ÐÉ®wt ¥ w ¥ ´jP¨¸x°wehjhjqjqÁª¾{bz^/¦ ¥ p ¥ i½9{bzw rZOw½ehjP wehj6jP¨\rsxÁ{Zª wehj^ ¥ z'jP¨©jqp'p;¨ ¥ 6« ¥ p¨\rZzj½rZh¯ehjPwehj³jPzz'{bz z rZw'j ¥ p;e ¥ e`°Hp ¥ h qjwehj^thp'j³{Zª/~;mµ £ m ¥ we ¥ pj¶uvwz'jPiUj srbp'j z'jqp't6¨¸w'p ¥ +r½ q{bhp ¥ 6jPz rZ6¨©j ¥ h Pz'jsrbp'j ¥ wehjÊz'{bt6hJµÀwz ¥ +w ¥ iUj°he ¥ 'e ïXðñ ï²ò.
(54)
(55) !#"%$'&("*)+-,/.0 1,2 35464 7 1894. F. Simulation, 10 TCP connections. Utilization of the wireless link (%). 100. 80. 60. 40. 20 p=0.01, D=20ms p=0.01, D=100ms p=0.01, D=200ms 0 10. 12. 14. 16. 18. 20. FEC parameter N (K=10).
(56) !"#$%&'( *)+ , .- -/0%1325476!8:9;8:( .<,(-5=>?*8 @ ( =ACBEDGFHDGI -JK%L.MNO%PQ?R8!SQTUV'( W'( ,X- <. ,Y-[Z\-$ ,O] ,5^N= .- -J- - .-,_`=Q?R8ab^ -c .](<. .]d- (<. e'( W(<, 5-f W;gQ636h<5(- .]Ki>^ @ gkj
(57) lm>gn ,f(-O- -(-O'Y-c .-fOoY<,cp'( e"#;'Yp'( WXO%3iY(]q3]'d<.(-X .]pi>^pQ?R8!S6*' 5-fr-c<.s(X .]Ki^pc-t(-5SrYt<f0V%k-oY<. =QqR e^uo .-f ,J'( <f'Y ,e- <. ,Y-k'Y
(58) ^G ,]W'( vX-k-wsY<5>k .- -#S zx y\{Yy| }*~( z 6*'( *<5- *Q?R8V( *<5Oi Rif( .]ci^J- ,BEDSQTbJ'- <5- =//W%\fX .- R( ,f(- O .][ik^Co .<, .][i>^WQ?R8!SY t c-'(5q
(59) -k' . v( .-
(60) 'Y
(61) (- f. '( eM%
(62) '( e"#%!'( eq3 , .-f-t0K-c%\(<,d%
(63) '( eoYfX , , %R?*8,;=q3'< 'qR c .<5XG] ,-7'( cX% .](]((<,^NSt6*'( .- t' . c( .<. .- o(]d u' . ]-(<,XM( .-$%7'( [] ,5^N=3BDG.I#DDGDDKX-5STbk'( <5-f .-5=A-- ,7 [C''uM( X4S42S$8 5^N=z'( , c-tOof>Oo 5MN ,X ,>J% '( W"#q3''( Cs( -X -$%P .](]((<,^NS)'( , BI>=:'( W$ "#-vf( .] S @ P'-7o>5=&'( OX>7%R?*8¡-Po$L¢zi7£4¤% 07iY(]q3]'J-(- .]i^6!8:9¥](f=(]'( ,$v¦4¤-(- .]vi>^v'( .](]( %1$S TU(<, 5-t§i ,^N(]25¦7 .- -e] .<, 5-f
(64) X'( 3"#=Gi:'] .<, 5-f e-c-#q: ,c'Y;'( C(<, 5- $;'( e"#;'( $ %\mlL'Y(];-] e%!'( o$o5SP6*'( t-fX ti ,'Y.MG!'Y-Pi . ,ri(- ,MN .]¥V¨©ªbSk(vM( .-P%« '( k'mlL'Y(]W-] P% '( !o$o>5=G'( !X3%Q?R8d-X k'Ye( .<. .- -`^NS. ¬¬®¯.°`±².
(65) ks. #, 0!@! .G. Simulation, 10 TCP connections. Utilization of the wireless link (%). 100. 80. 60. 40 p=0.01, D=20ms, ord=1 p=0.01, D=100ms, ord=1 p=0.01, D=200ms, ord=1 p=0.01, D=20ms, ord=0 p=0.01, D=100ms, ord=0 p=0.01, D=200ms, ord=0. 20. 0 0. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ( p p!"#E%'( )+ , .- -C/ 0;%\254u6!8:98:( .<,(-5= @ gkj
(66) lm>g @ ( =AWBEDGFHDGI Persistency of ARQ-SR. . ( W-'(]; o .<,J'Yc'( W] .<5.^V%!'( e"#;'( C'mlL'Y(]-] e%!'( o$zo>
(67) -3MN ,[i>^ `KS zx y\{Yyx
(68)
(69) ( & P5q=GqR ! (O( P'( ! .<,3% @ gkj
(70) lm>g ( !i^$G0GcR'( kM( .-*%'( P"#l %1v B UBhI#D fSc6*'( c .- - co .]u (SJ6*'-7s( O-'(5q
(71) -'( "#¥%'( 7q3 , .-f-30Wo .]-kt%\(<,% WZ @ gkj
(72) lm>g o , -- ,(<,^Y_`SQ)u (O( ebq:¥<5- .-5 Z _v'( Xlb ] ,O] ,MN ,^p%3oY< 0N , -c rTU9 J'( $oc%
(73) '( q3 , .-f-0-t<,M .] =q3'< 'K-(]<5 .]uV'( cs( Xi>^u ] §2=Q(]Z _P'( lb ] ,*] ,MN ,^$%oY<f0N , -: JT 9p-:(R<,M .] =Gq3'< 'W-(]<5 .]eC'( 3s( !i^ ] ¡4SQ(*h(]Az=q: P<.(-] ,'( P-fX
(74) M( .-:-*i5MN tZ\<5-f k%zQ?R8d( _`¢GqR 'Y5MN J' . tM( .-7%] ,.^N= B ¦4=2544= ¦44$X-5= (]CAr-7- ,P C4S42So-^N= '( X"#V%*'( Xq3 , .- -v0-q*.^-(<, 5- q3'V>= ,MN ,p'('pq: e. ] 5$q3'¥[ ,X <5- 7q3'( , '( ] ,.^ -3N t(] '( - -3f 3A[-
(75) ''S @ gkj
(76) lm>gE .](<. .-*'( P- -Rf P%Q6!8:9;oY< 0N , -3t(< ' X P'Y R(<, 5- .-*'( 7 ,(]Gl lb ,(]d] ,5^N=q3'<f' .- -cd'-cX( ((-$Oo 5MN ,X ,edo ,m%1$(<. SV)u (<. 7 '( .-f 7 .- -*'Y3'( 7 .- !>( ,(<,$%oY<f0N , -k3'( vo
(77) %'( 7q3 , .-f0e-3 .- - ,> Oif N>G]Co ,m%1$(<. vq3' @ g
(78) j
(79) lm>gt='( ,q3- 7oY< 0N , -PMN mlb% lb ] ,Xt'( W6!8:9 .<. ,MN ,X(]VN ,J'( Cf(-O-f-K%P]o<5 @ # 8 "v-#= -fX ,'$MN ,^ 'Yc%\ %\P6!8:9- (<. vk .- -k[( .<. .- -f^[]MG-¥%'( t<.l. $&%¬'$)(.
(80) kk.
(81) !#"%$'&("*)+-,/.0 1,2 35464 7 1894. Simulation, 10 TCP connections. Utilization of the wireless link (%). 100. 80. 60. 40 p=0.01, D=200ms, delta=0 p=0.01, D=200ms, delta=1 p=0.01, D=200ms, delta=2 p=0.01, D=200ms, delta=3 p=0.01, D=200ms, delta=4 p=0.01, D=200ms, delta=5. 20. 0 10. 12. 14. 16. 18. 20. p p!"#E%'( )+ , .- -C/ 0;%\254u6!8:98:( .<,(-5= !^Gi]rG] ,L=hB ¦44cX-5=AWB 4S42 FEC parameter N (K=10). N .- dq3(]5qS @ ('( ,X-o- .-O-J'YOq3' @ gkj
(82) lm>g( =q3'( ,d'( . ] ,e%oY<f0N , -
(83) -k<,M .] =q: <5 5< '''( ,3"#r'Y[q3'Y3q: <5 5<f'[q3'['( o$X!% Q?R8!=q3'( ,[Q?R8-
(84) (- .][( S6*'( v-fX vs((] oo .-! $'( ,7- <. ,Y-!q3'r-$ ,:A(]rr=(][!-k ,MN ,¥X o ((<. .]¥ %L.MN!% @ gkj
(85) lm>gS zx y\{Yy
(86) }*~
(87)
(88) P5q=qR to .-f ,v'( t .- -Pq: cifq3'( ,rqR J(- J'^Gi]¥Q?R8 @ gkj
(89) lm>g q3'¥l ] ,c] ,MN ,^NS[)u e<.(-] ,J'( XX-J< 'Y ,u- <. ,Y=q3'( , e'( e] ,5^p%3'( q3 , .-f-
(90) 0 -
(91) '( N .-! Ba¦44OX-5=&(][q3'( , '( t , kf -
(92) '( ''( .- AB 4S42S('--f<. ,Y=
(93) -'(#q
(94) -'( "#O%'( q3 , .- -0-Q*%\(<, % '( oYfX , ,P%Q?R8a,KS*)u t- . -w[( .-k'( vs( t'Y!<. .- o(] $-w M( .-v%:o , -- ,(<,^N=CB 4= 2=z¦= = (=S6*'( c( OeB 4eMN .-7'( cOoY<,%*?*8 ( eV'( $"#=Q-t'( $-fX $( $'Ycoo 5 -tV W W%1'( $o wAz #aZ14S42J=¦44X-_`S Tb% q: PG0$:'( !M( .-R%z'( !"# e'( !^lU-5=LS S %17B B254=&qR c<5¥ (O( J'( t .<,P% @ gkj
(95) lm>ga( =q3'< '-P] ,f .] (SR^<.i[Q?R8 (] @ gkj
(96) lm>g=&q: J'(o J $ 5"5 Ji , ,Po ,m%1$(<. 'Yq3'( ,(-
(97) i'- <f'( ,X .-- ,oYf ,^NS6*'( .- - *- . ,X-<.f]<, '-!] 5= ! 5- !(] ,7'( c- -Oo(-7%7Y^--OZ lLMN .]6!8:9Ef(-m%1 , -5= * ,(k , -,_`S)u W ,$0;'YX'( i .-Oo ,m%\$(<. '^Gi]Q?R8 @ gkj
(98) lm>g. ¬¬®¯.°`±².
(99) ks. #, 0!@! .G. Simulation, 10 TCP connections. Utilization of the wireless link (%). 100. 80. 60. 40 p=0.001, D=200ms, delta=0 p=0.001, D=200ms, delta=1 p=0.001, D=200ms, delta=2 p=0.001, D=200ms, delta=3 p=0.001, D=200ms, delta=4 p=0.001, D=200ms, delta=5. 20. 0 10. 12. 14. 16. 18. 20. FEC parameter N (K=10). © p p!"#E%'( )+ , .- -C/ 0;%\254u6!8:98:( .<,(-5= !^Gi]rG] ,L=hB ¦44cX-5=AWB 4S442 f- < '( ,X $<5pMN O-<,- O [q3'Y-vMN ,ui>^ @ gkj
(100) lm>gn( Z %\JWB _`S ![X. 'YC(
(101) R% .](]((<,^¥Z\ B I_Q-( . .] .]e tf$'( k''( .-"#S Tbd'( r'( ,$- <. ,Y-eq3'( , ['( [] ,5^d(]'( [ , $f r [-$ ,¥Z 0N J©cq3'< '<. .-o(]-
(102) $- $ ,A B DGFHDDGIO(]-fX Ba¦44OX-_`=Y!-tl r .- -P-'(5q 'Y!'( , -k(O( . .]Pz%\!?*8!=(]'Y @ g
(103) j
(104) lm>g ( i t X 5"5 J'( i .-!o ,m%1$(<. SP6*'-kNG>]o ,m%1$(<. c% @ gkj
(105) lm>g ¥X- :- <. ,Y--JW-o- .- 5=zit- . ,X-v<5L=Q-(<. XQ?R8 <.(- X .- f iY(]q3]' YX =Gq3'( , 5- @ gkj
(106) lm>gE<.(-X .-R GfiY(]q3]'C^Oq3'( ,CoY< 0N , $-5S ( X] 5[<.]Vi O (- e?*8 ^ [o .<,J ,f(-O- -(-#=z(Jl YQ%\fX .-5St)u X O<, ,^MN .- ['-v] 5Ci^-t(-t(]uY^G<5 XG] ,(S.
(107) !#"!$%& (') *+ !,
(108) ! -&. / )+'( ,254t6!8:9d<.( .<,(-
(109) P(- .] =Gf(-O-f-C , -
(110) P-o 5]W5MN ,
(111) '( P<.l ( .<,(-#=- k'( ,QOoY<, O( :<.( .<,O-Q-$ ,Q'YJq3'( ,c'( R6!8:9<.( .<, -c<,MN W( $5MN ,c'( $q3 , .- -0S )u eqR>J r-(]^'( XOoY<,c%
(112) '( e'^Gi] , Q .<.#MN ,^X .< 'Y- J'( * ,X *<5- q3'( ,c'( *6!8:9<.( .<,X- , - ( %\ f(- O- -r , -#=(]r^W eoO"5 t'( oYfX , , -7%Q?R8 (] @ g
(113) j
(114) lm>g %1O'-X<5- SE8 5^N=*X [ Z X rQ?R8!= N ,e_J-O( . .] .]<5- %v( <.( .<,r'Y[ '( <5- v%3254O<.( .<,(-k $< ' ,MN % 0C"#S. $&%¬'$)(.
(115) ks.
(116) !#"%$'&("*)+-,/.0 1,2 35464 7 1894. Simulation, 1 TCP connection. Utilization of the wireless link (%). 100. 80. 60. 40 p=0.01, D=200ms, delta=0 p=0.01, D=200ms, delta=1 p=0.01, D=200ms, delta=2 p=0.01, D=200ms, delta=3 p=0.01, D=200ms, delta=4 p=0.01, D=200ms, delta=5. 20. 0 10. 12. 14. 16. 18. > k"#%P'( W) , .-f-X/ 0V%\ !^Gi]rG] ,L=hB ¦44cX-5=AWB 4S42 FEC parameter N (K=10). . 20. ( 6!8:9n8:( .<,=. )u [<.(-] ,$'( r-fX ( ,Uq:0 o^-X'Y$(-f .]d'( [o ,MG(-$-f .<,= q3' '( v] , ,(<. v'Y3(#q q: 7'Y5MN ( v6!8:9- <. 7'Y
(117) <. .- o(]-3 O( v6!8:9 <.( .<,S¡Y$< 0%-oY<. =RqR ^;o .- ,CbqRV-f , -X%v .- -5SE6*'( s( -e- , Z\ _k<. .-o(]-v W'( c G ,X O<5-f O B ¦44CX-(]WApB 4S42Sc6*'( t^>lUr'( s( J-'(#q
Documents relatifs
« La prophétie, ou interprétation et conférence des Écritures se fera par les ministres du Colloque, en l’assemblée où chacun dira la tête découverte ce que Dieu lui
Pendant six ans, jusqu’au premier janvier 1568, le clergé de France doit fournir chaque année au roi l’équivalent de quatre décimes, un million six cent mille livres tournois,
« On ne fait pas que des psychothérapies en clinique/…/On en parlait encore ce matin : est-ce qu’on a le temps de faire des psychothérapies, parce qu’on voit les gens
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des
AMC PAPI : Spécificités du contexte torrentiel – Rapport de Phase 1 Page 18 sur 46 Dans le cas des laves torrentielles, on peut résumer les conditions nécessaires au
Gillard, “Combinaison de la DG-FDTD avec un mod` ele de substitution pour un calcul de dosim´ etrie locale dans un probl` eme variable et fortement multi-´ echelle”, dans 18`
Le jugement porté par les femmes lettrées sur leurs soigneurs doit donc être nuancé en fonction de la personnalité de chacune, de la gravité de la maladie,
3.3 Processus d’alimentation d'entrepôt de données : Nous devons extraire, transformer et charger les données à partir des sources précédemment citées, dans l'entrepôt de