الذات والغيرية في فلسفة بول ريكور"رحلة البحث عن الذات من خلال الآخر

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1 ﺔـــﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔــﻴﻁﺍﺭﻘﻤﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺔــﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔـﻴﺭﻭﻬـﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﻗ – ﻥﺍﺭﻫﻭ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ .

ا م ارآد ةد ر :

ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ : ﻑﺍﺭﺸﺍ : ﺃ ﺩﻭﻠﻴﻤ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ .ﺩ / ﻲﻗﺭﺸ ﻥﺒ ﻥﺎﻴﺯﻤ ﻥﺒ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺠﻝ ﺃ. ﺩ . ﺔﻨﺎﻤﺤ ﻱﺭﺎﺨﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﻫﻭ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺎـﺴﻴﺌﺭ . ﺃ. ﺩ . ﻲﻗﺭﺸ ﻥﺒ ﻥﺎﻴﺯﻤ ﻥﺒ ﻥﺍﺭﻫﻭ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﻘﻤ ﺍﺭﺭ . ﺩ . ﻡﻴﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻡﻴﺎﺼ ﻥﺍﺭﻫﻭ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺎﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ . ﺃ. ﺩ . ﺯﻴﺯﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻑﺴﻭﻴ ﻥﺒ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ) 2 ( ﺎﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ . ﺩ . ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ﺙﺭﺍﻭ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ) 2 ( ﺎﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ . ﺩ . ﺙﻴﻐﻤ ﺭﻭﻨﺃ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﻫﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭ ﺎﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ . ا ا 2010 -2011

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2

ﷲﺍ ﺎﻤﻬﻈﻔﺣ ﻦﻴﻤﻳﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ

ﷲﺍ ﻪﻤﺣﺭ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻱﺭﺎﻗ ﺎﻧﺫﺎﺘﺳﺃ ﺡﻭﺭ ﻰﻟﺇ

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ﺃ

ﻟﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﺪﻤﺣ

ﻭ ﻰ

ﺃ

ﻲﻣﺎﻬﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﺮﻜﺷ

ﻡﺎﻤﺗﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺒﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺪﻘﻟﺍ

ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ

..

ﻞﻜﺑ ﻡﺪﻘﺗﺃ

ﻲﻗﺮﺷ ﻦﺑ ﻥﺎﻳﺰﻣ ﻦﺑ ﻑﺮﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺳﻸﻟ ﻥﺎﻨﺘﻣﻻﺍﻭ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ

ﻲﺴﻔﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﺋﺎﻄﻋ ﺮﻴﻓﻭﻭ ﻩﺭﺪﺻ ﺔﻌﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ

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ﻦﻜﻳ ﻢﻟ ﻖﺤﺒﻓ

ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺻﻭ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻨﺒﺗ ،ﺎﻨﻴﻣﺃ ﺍﺪﺷﺮﻣﻭ ﺎﻨﻴﻌﻣ ﺎﺧﺃ ﻥﺎﻛ ﻞﺑ ﻑﺮﺸﻣ ﺩﺮﺠﻣ

ﺔﻋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺪﺤﻟ ﻪﺘﻐﻠﺑ ﺎﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻀﻔﻟﺍ ﻞﻛ ﻪﻟ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ

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ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻞﻛ ﻚﻠﻓ

ﺫﺎﺘﺳﺃ

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ﺮﻜﺷﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻨﺗﻮﻔﻳ ﻻ

ﺎﺨﺒﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺳﻷﺍ

ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻲﻔﻟﻮﻣ ﺫﺎﺘﺳﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻧﺎﻤﺣ ﻱﺭ

ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻈﺤﻠﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻞﺻﺃ ﻥﻷ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻣﺎﻗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺒﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺪﻠﻟ

ﺚﺣﺎﺑ ﺐﻟﺎﻃ ﻱﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺣ

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ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺮﻀﺧ ﻥﺍﺰﻟﺍ ﺖﺧﻷﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻡﻮﻘﺗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺒﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻀﻔﻟﺍ ﻰﺴﻧﺃ ﻻ ﺎﻤﻛ

ﻥﺎﻨﺘﻣﻻﺍﻭ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻞﻛ ﺎﻬﻠﻓ ﻱﺭﺍﺩﻻﺍ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ

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4

ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ

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5 -ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ : ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ ﻥﺄﺒ ﺎﻨﻠﻗ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻎﻝﺎﺒﻨ ﻻ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺔﻓﺩﺼﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻝﻭ ﻥﻜﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺩﺠ ﺩﻼﻴﻤ ﻥﺇ لﺜﻤﻴ ،ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻝﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻰﻅﺤﺘ ﺕﺘﺎﺒ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﺴﻜﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻨﻫﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺘﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﺘ ﺕﺘﺎﺒ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﺘﺴﺍ ﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﺘﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﺍﺯﺘﺨﻻ ﻥﻴﻋﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﺨﻵﺍﻭ ﺕ ﻲﻜ ،ﻲﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻐﻴﺩﺍﺭﺒ ﻍﻭﻠﺒ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻨﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻴﺼ ﻯﻭﺩﺠﺒ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻁﻨﺃ لﻭﺤﺘﻝ ﺱﺴﺅﻴﻭ ،لﻤﺄﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝ ﻼﻴﺩﺒ لﺤﻴ ﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘ ﺍﺭﻓﺎﻨﺘ ﺕﺴﺭﻜ ﺎﻤﻝﺎﻁﻝ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﺭﺨﻵﺍﻭ ﺕ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ ،ﺔﻴﻋﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺔﺤﺯﺤﺯ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻻ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ لﺜﻤﻴ ،ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻭﻫ لﻋﺎﻓ ﺭﺨﺁ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻑﺸﺘﻜﻤﻭ لﻋﺎﻔﻜ ﺎﻫﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻴ ﻥﻤ ﺹﻠﺨﺘﻠﻝ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﻴﺒﺴﻭ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍﻭ ﻉﻭﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤ ﺩﻌﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻋ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ لﻭﺤ ﺎﻬﻌﻗﻭﻘﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻨﺎﻨﺃ . ﺔﻝﺀﺎﺴﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻕﺜﺒﻨﺘ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻁﻨﺃ ﺎﻬﻤﺍﻭﻗ : ﺔﻴﺅﺭﻝ ﺱﻴﺴﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻑﻴﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻗﻼﺨﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻁﻨﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺴﻔﺘﻭ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﻡﻬﻔﻝ ﺓﺩﺠ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺔﻴﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝ ﺵﻴﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺵﻤﻬﻤ ﺭﻭﻀﺤ ﺎﻬﻜﺭﺤﻴ ﺔﻝﺀﺎﺴﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻡﺭﺠ ﻻ ،ﺕﺍﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻜﺤﺘ ﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻀﺤﺒ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺒ ﺭﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺭﻭﻀﺤﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻻ ﻡﻝﺎ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﺇ لﻤﺍﻭﻋﻭ ﺕﺎﻏﻭﺴﻤ لﻜ ﺭﻓﻭﻴ . ﺎﻨﺘﺍﺭﻭﺼﺘ ﺎﻨﻁﺒﺭ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﺇﻭ ،ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻬﻝ ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻴﻏ ﻊﻤﻭ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﺯ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﺘﺄﺘﺴ ،ﻡﺯﺄﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻑﺩﻬﺘﺴﺘﻝ ﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻤ ﺢﻴﻀﻭﺘ ﺕﺍﺫﻝ ﻙﺭﺍﺩﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻗﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻋﺎﺴﻤ ﻑﺸﻜﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺍﺭﺘﻏﺍ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻰﻝﺇﻭ ،ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ

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6 ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻔﻁﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻤﺎﺤﻗﺇ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ،ﻪﺒﺎﻌﻴﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻗﻼﺨﻷﺍ . ﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺤﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﻭﻀﻝﺍ ﻁﻴﻠﺴﺘ ﺎﻨﻴﺄﺘﺭﺍ ﻪﻠﻜ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺠﻷﻭ ﺴ ﺭﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻔ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺌﺍ لﻭﺒ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻝ ﺎﻨﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ،ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻤﺎﺒ ﻥﻫﺍﺭﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ ﻪﻠﻌﺠﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ ﺡﺭﻁ ﻭﻫ ﻱﺯﻜﺭﻤ ﺹﻨ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ " ﺭﺨﺂﻜ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﻋ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ "

« soi même comme un

autre » . ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺀﻼﺠﺘﺴﻻ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﺴﻤ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻝ ﺩﺩﺤﻤﻜ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝ ﺎﻬﻴﻋﻭ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻭﻬ ﻥﻋ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻥﻵﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻠﺌﺎﺴﺘﻤ ، : ﻡﻐﻴﺩﺍﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻭ ؟ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝ لﻴﺩﺒﻜ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺩﺠ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ لﻭﺒ ﻪﺤﺭﻁﻴﺴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻔﻝ ﻲﻠﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﻋﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺩﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻓﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ؟ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻡﺴﻼﻁ ﻙﻓﻭ . ﻭﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﺫﺇ ﻥﻜﺘﻠﻓ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺯﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻭﻁﺘ ﻲﻫ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺓ لﻭﺤ ﻲﻠﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﺎﻴﺎﻨﺜ ﻲﻓ ﻕﺩﺃ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﻘﻌﻤﺒ ﺹﻭﻐﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻐﺒ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺴﻤ ﺙﻼﺜ لﺤﺍﺭﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭ ﺭﻴﺴﺘﺴ ﺍﺫﻝ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ : ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ : ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﻠﺠﺘ ﻊﻤ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺔﻤﺯﻷﺍ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺭﻭﺭﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﻬﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﻬﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺒ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ ﺔﻌﺠﺍﺭﻤﻭ لﺎﻤﻜﺘﺴﻻ ﺎﻘﻴﻁﻴﻨﻭﻤﺭﻬﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻁﻨﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻊﻤ ﺀﻼﺠﺘﺴﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ، ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻅﺤﻝ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻋﻭﻼﻝﺍ ﻙﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻼﻓ ﻊﻤ لﻜﺸﺒ ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒ ، ﻲﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻘﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﺎﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻱﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺭﺘﻏﻹﺍ . ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ : ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻅﺤﻝ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﺔﻅﺤﻝ ﺀﻼﺠﺘﺴﺍ – لﻭﺒ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺯﻠﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻏ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻭ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻭﺃ ،ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺭﺼ ﻥﻴﺒ ،ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ .

(7)

7 ﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﺠﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻬﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ ﺎﻨﻔﻗﻭﺘﺴﻴﺴ ﺎﻨﻫﻭ ﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻬﻅﻝ ﺙﻼﺜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺒﻠﺴﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺭ . ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ : ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻕﺒﺴ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﺒ ﺔﻌﺠﺍﺭﻤ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀﻭ ، ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﻷﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻠﻝ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺍﺫﻠﻝ ﻥﻴﻋﺎﺴ ،لﻘﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﻭﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻅﺤﻠﻝ ﺎﻨﻤﻬﻓ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺩﺩﺠﻨ ،لﺼﺍﻭﺘ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻝ ﻎﻠﺒﻨ ﻥﻷ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻕﻘﺤﻨﻭ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨ ﻀﺈﻜ ﻥﻫﺍﺭ ﻡﻬﻔﻝ ﺓﺀﺎ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ . ﺍﺫﻝ لﻭﺎﺤﻨﺴ ﻥﻤ لﻼﺨ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﺽﻌﺒﻭ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺓﺭﻭﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺞﻝﺎﻌﻨ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘ ،ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨ ،ﻲﻠﻐﻴﻬﻝﺍ لﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝ ﻑﻴﻅﻭﺘ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻬﺒﻴﻜﺭﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻀﻴﻘﻨﻭ ،ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻀﻗ ،ﺔﻴﻝﺩﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ لﻴﻭﺤﺘﻭ ﻨﻹﺍ ﻻ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻥﺎﺴ ﻑﺩﻬﺘ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻨﺘﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﺭﺠﻤ ﺽﺭﻋ ﻲﻝﺎﺠﺴ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷ ﺎﻤ ﺭﺩﻘﺒ ،ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ ﺙﺤﺒﺘ ﻥﻋ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝ ،ﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻭ ﺔﻨﻭﻨﻴﻜ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻅ ﻪﻋﺍﺭﺼ ﻡﺌﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﻊﻤﻭ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻊﻤ . ﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ،ﻲﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺭﺨﻵﺍﻭ ﻲﺘﺍﺫ ﺎﻤﻫﺩﺤﺃ ﻥﻴﺩﻌﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ لﺜﻤﺘﻴ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻠﻝ ﻲﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺩﻬﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻝﺍ ،ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻓ ﺎﻬﺴﺠﺍﻭﻫ لﻤﺤﻨ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﻹﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺯﺠ ﺎﻨﻨﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺼﺨﻠﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻓ ﻲﺘ ﻭ ﻥﻷ ﻰﻌﺴﻨ ﺔﻴﻭﻬﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺏﻋ ﻥﻤ ﺹﻠﺨﺘﻨ : ؟ﻥﻭﻜﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺏﺠﻴ ﻑﻴﻜﻭ ؟ﺎﻨﺃ ﻥﻤ . ﻪﻓﺭﻌﺘ ﺎﻤﻝ ﻥﻫﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺘﻗﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻪﻠﺜﻤﻴﻓ ﻲﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺕﺍﺯﻫ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻨﺘﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﺔﻔﻴﻨﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻀﻘﺘ ﺩﺎﻜﺘ ﻲﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻗﻼﺨﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ . ﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﺇ ﺹﺨﻠﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻭ ﻲﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ :

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8 ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ لﺅﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺘ : ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻀﺤ ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺩﻭ ﺢﻤﻼﻤ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤ ﺕﻤﻫﺎﺴ ﻑﻴﻜﻭ ؟ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻗﻼﺨﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﻓ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ لﻭﺒ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻹﺍ ﻲ ؟ ﻭ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﺔﻴﻝﺁ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻝﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ؟. ﻉﺭﻔﺘﻴ ،ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭ لﻭﺼﻓ ﺔﺜﻼﺜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻤﺴﻗ لﺅﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺢﻤﻼﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﻼﺠﺘﺴﺍ لﺠﻷﻭ ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻤ ﺙﻼﺜ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺼﻓ لﻜ . لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴﻝ ﺎﻨﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ لﻭﻷﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﺭﻜ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺎﻨﻴﺄﺘﺭﺎﻓ ،ﺕﺍﺫﻠﻝ ﺩﺩﺠﺘﻤ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﻕﺜﺒﻨﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﺜﺤﺒ ﺎﻬﻤﺎﺤﺘﻗﺍ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ لﻭﺎﺤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺹﻴﺨﺸﺘ ﺕﺍﺫﻠﻝ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﺕﺍﺫﻝ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻷﺍ لﻤﺤﺘﻭ ﻲﻋﻭﻼﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﻘﺤ ﻁﺴﻭﺘﺘ ﺭﺜﺅﺘ ﺭﺜﺄﺘﺘﻭ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻲﻘﻴﻁﻴﻨﻭﻤﺭﻫ ﻉﺍﺭﺼ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺤﺭﻁﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ لﻭﺎﺤ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻰﻌﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ، ﺜﺤﺒﻓ ،ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ ﺕﻼﻴﻭﺄﺘ ﻨ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺎﻬﻓﺭﻋ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺡﺎﻴﺯﻨﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻅﺤﻝ ﻲﻓﻭ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺎ ﻭﺘﻴﺠﻭﻜ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ " ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤ ﺎﻨﺃ ﻥﺫﺇ ﺭﻜﻓﺃ ﺎﻨﺃ " ﻭﺘﻴﺠﻭﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ " ﻥﻭﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤ ﻥﺤﻨ ﻥﺫﺇ لﻭﺅﻨ ﻥﺤﻨ ." ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﺤ لﺼﻓ ﻲﻨﺎﺜ ﻲﻓﻭ ﻭ ،ﺎﻨﻷﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺔﺤﺯﺤﺯ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺔﻘﻠﺤ ﺝﻭﻝﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻤﻌﻨﺴ ﻥﻴﺃ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﻁ ﺔﻠﺨﻠﺨ لﻴﻭﺤﺘ لﺠﻷ ﺔﻘﻠﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ ﺎﻬﺜﺩﺤﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﺃ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﻠﺠﺘ ﻡﻫﺃ ﺯﺭﺒﺘ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ ﻪﻝ ﻕﺴﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺩﺭﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻭﻬﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻝﺀﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐ : ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺏﻴﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘﻭ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘ ﻕﺴﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﺔﻝﻭﻤﺤ ﺭﺜﻜﻷﺍ : ﻊﻤ ﺙﻼﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ لﺠﻷﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻴﻋ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘ ﻲﻋﻭ ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺩ ﻙﺭﺩﻨ ﻲﻜ ﺎﻘﻴﻁﻴﻨﻭﻤﺭﻬﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻴﻤﻭﻨﻴﻔﻝﺍ لﻘﺤ ﻡﺎﺤﺘﻗﺍ ﻡﺘﻴﺴ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﺒ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ .

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9 ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ لﺼﻓ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻲﻓ ﻝﺍﻭ ﺹﻴﺨﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻘﻋﻭ ﻱﺃ ،ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻅﺤﻝ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺼﻨ ﺔﺤﺯﺤﺯ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺩﺠ ﻥﻋ ﺞﺘﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ) ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ (، لﺜﺘﻤﻴﺴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻤﻀ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻥﻜﻝ ،ﺔﺌﻴﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻲﻔﻨﻴ ﻻﻭ ﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻲﻐﻠﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ،ﻲﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺭﺨﻵﺍﻭ ﺎﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻌﺠﻴﺴ ،ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻡﻴﻤﺭﺘﻝ ﺍﺭﺴﺠ ﻥﻴﺃ ﺽﻴﻌﺘﺴﻴﺴ ﻥﻋ ،؟ﺎﻨﺃ ﻥﻤ لﺍﺅﺴ لﺍﺅﺴﺒ ؟ﻥﺤﻨ ﻥﻤ ، ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻺﻝ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﻐﻴﺩﺍﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ لﺠﻷﻭ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﻱﺭﻁﺅﻤ ﺩﺤﺃ ﺎﻨﺭﻀﺤﺘﺴﺍ " ﺱﺎﻤﺭﺒﺎﻫ ﻥﻏﺭﻭﻴ " ﺭﻭﺼﺘ ﺡﺭﻁ لﻭﺎﺤ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﺇ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺏﺠﻴ ﺎﻤﻝ ﺹﺎﺨ . ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺫﺇ ﻲﻫ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻜﺭﺤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺜﻤﺘ ﺭﺎﻁﻹﺍ ﻡﺎﻌﻝﺍ ، ﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻼﺨ ﻪﻝ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻡﻐﻴﺩﺍﺭﺒ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻪﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﻼﻴﺩﺒ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﻁﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻬﻝﺍ ، ﺎﺜﻌﺒﻭ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺘﻴﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝ ﺔﻴﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺭﺼﻌﻝ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ . ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﺩﺎﻜﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻠﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ لﻭﺤ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻜﺫﻨ : ﻩﺍﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭ ﻋ ﻱﻭﻼﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻸﻝ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍﻭ لﺎﻴﺨﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ،ﻥﺍﺭﻫﻭ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﻥﻤ : ﺙﺤﺒ ،ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ لﻭﺒﻭ ﻭﺘﺭﺎﺴ ﻱﺩ لﺎﺸﻴﻤ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺔﻴﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻤﺘﺴﺒﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺫﺇ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻗﺭﻁﺘ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﺠﻭﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺎﻜﻤ ﻰﻝﺇﻭ ،ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻬﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤ ، ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﻩ ﻲﻠﻴﻴﺨﺘ ﻲﻜﺤﻤ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺹﺼﻗ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺩﺭﺠﻤ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ ، ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻉﻭﺯﻨ . ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻸﻝ ﻩﺍﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﺎﻀﻴ لﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺠﺤﺒ ﺔﻤﻭﺴﻭﻤ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻋ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ – ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ لﻭﺒ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﻕﻁﻨﻤﻝ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ -، ﻭ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺤﺎﺼ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ

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10 ﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﺠﺘ ﻥﻋ لﺎﺜﻤ ﻪﻨﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻜ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ لﻭﺒ ﺔﻴﺨﻴ ﺎﻬﺤﺎﺘﻔﻨﺍﻭ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻠﻝ ﺩﻘﺘﻌﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻫﺭ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴﻝ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺠﺭﺎﺨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ ﻙﻝﺫﺒ . ﺭﻭﺩﻝ ﺔﻤﻬﻤ ﺩﺠ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻨﻔﻅﻭ ﺩﻘﻓ ﺭﺨﺁ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻔﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺩﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ لﻭﺒ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻓ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻴﻠﻋ ﻪﻀﺭ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺩﺠﻝ . ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝ ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺭﺸﻨ ﻡﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺎﻤﻸﻝﻭ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻸﻝ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺩﻌﺒ ﺭﺸﻨﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻯﺅﺭﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻱﻭﺘﺤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ﺏ ﻡﻭﺴﻭﻤ ،ﺔﻨﺎﻤﺤ ﻱﺭﺎﺨﺒﻝﺍ " : ﻱﺩﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻭ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ لﻭﺒ ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻝﺍﻭ ." ﺎﻨﺘﻬﺠﺍﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻭﻌﺼﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻝﻭﺃ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﺕﺎﺒﻭﻌﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻤﻋ ﻱﺃ ﻭﻠﺨﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺭﺩﺎﻨ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻥﺇﻭ ﺕﻠﺜﻤﺘ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻏ ﻲﻓ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺇ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﺤﺘﻗﺍ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺍﺫﻝ ،ﻪﻋﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﺔﻋﺎﺴﺸﻭ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﺏﺴﺤ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻗﺎﺒ ﺭﺎﻀﺤﺘﺴﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﻹ ﻱﺯﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ .

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11

لﻭﻷﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ

ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ

:

ﺍ

ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻭﻬﻅﻝ

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12 ﻪﻠﺒﻷﺍ ﻊﻨﺼﺘ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ .. ﻡﻴﻅﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻊﻨﺼﻴ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ « . ﻭﻫ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﻴﻓ ﻭﻏ -Victor Hugo

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13 ﻲﻫﻭ ﻻﺃ ،ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺒﻌﺘ ﺔﺘﺒﺎﺜ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﻁ ﻲﻓ لﻤﺤﻴ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ،ﺔﺤﺘﻔﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺒ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺌﺎﻏﻭ ﻪﻠﻠﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺜﺤﺒ ،ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﻜ لﺎﻴﺤ لﺅﺎﺴﺘﻠﻝ ﻡﺌﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻀﺤﻝﺍ لﻭﻬﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻋﻭﻨ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﻔﻀﺃ ﺎﻤﻝﺎﻁﻝ ﻙﺍﺭﺩﻹ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ، ﻱﺃ ﻥﻋﻭ ﺔﻨﻭﻨﻴﻜ ﻥﻋ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭ ﻙﺸ ﻼﺒ ﻪﻨﺇ ،؟ﺎﻬﻠﻜ ﺕﺎﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻩﻭﺫﺤﺘ ﻡﻬﻓ ﹼﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﺒ ﺔﻁﺎﺤﻹﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻵﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ لﻤﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﺎﻌﺒﺄﺒ ﻊﻓﺩﻝﺍﻭ لﺜﻤ لﻜﺒ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﺤﺘﻗﺇ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﻙﻠﻤﺘﺘﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻑﺸﻜﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻠﻝ ﺸﺃ ﺜ ﻥﻤﻀﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺘﺒﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻗ ﺓﺯﻭﺎﺠﻤ ﺔﻴﻐﺒ ،ﻪﻝﺎﻜ ﻲﻨﺒﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﺌﺎﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻘﻓﻭ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺍﺭﻭﺼﺘ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ، ﺎﺘﺍﺫ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﺴ ﺔﻠﻜﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﻪﺘﻤﺭﺒ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻌﺠﺘ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﺭﺍﺭﺘﺠﺍﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﻜﺘ ﺩﻭﺎﻌﺘ ﺓﺭﺠﺤﺘﻤ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻘﻠﻐﻨﻤ . ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺜﺩﻨﺍ ﻊﻤ " ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ " ،ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻭﺫﺤ ﻭﺫﺤﺘ ﻥﻷ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﻌﺴ ، ﻡﻬﺴﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤﻭ ﺏﺎﻬﺴﺈﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﻅﻭﺘ ﻥﺃﻭ ،ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻔﻁﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻭﻝﻭ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﺒﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻴﻝﺎﻏﻭ ﻥﺘﻭﻴﻨﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﺄﺸﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷﺍ ﺕﻼﻴﺼﺄﺘﻭ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤ ﺹﻼﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﻭﻴﻫ ﺩﻴﻓﺍﺩﻭ ﺯﺘﻨﺒﻴﻝﻭ ﻏﻭ ﻡﻫﺭﻴ .. ﺔﻴﻘﺴﻨﻝﺍ ﺡﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺕﺭﻁﻴﺴ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﺒﻭ ، ،ﺔﻴﻠﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻘﻓﺍﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺍ ﺩﻘﻓ ﺭﺒﺘﻋ ﺕ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﻘﻴﻭ ﺔﻴﻌﻁﻗ ﻪﺠﺌﺎﺘﻨ ، ﺔﻴﻋﺭﺸ ﺩﻴﺍﺯﺘ ﻊﻤﻭ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺙﺤﺒﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ،ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﺭﺎﺨ ﻲﻓ ﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻝ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻌﺠﺘ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺜﺤﺒ ﻡﻴﻘﺘ ﺔ لﻜﻜ ﻲﻋﻭﻠﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺭﻭﻬﻅﻝﺍﻭ . ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﺇ ﺔﻁﺴﺍﻭﺒ ﻻﺇ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻴﻜﺸﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ لﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﻊﻁﺘﺴﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻹ ﺠﺎﺘﻨ ﺎﻬ ﻭ ، ﺩﻗ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻀﺤ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻘﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﺎﻴﺤﻷﺍ ﺏﻝﺎﻏ ﻲﻓ ﻴﻭﻤﻠﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﺔ (scientisme) ﺔﻗﻼﻋ لﻌﺠ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ، ﻲﻝﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﻎﻠﺒﺘ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ

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14 ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻨﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﻭ ﺔﻓﺭﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻘﺘﺭﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴ ﻻ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺎﻓ ،ﻁﺭﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ . ﻭ لﻌﻝ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺭﺤﻷﺎﺒ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻁﺎﺸﻨ لﻴﻌﻔﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻘﻴﻤﻋ ﺎﺨﺭﺸ ﺙﺩﺤﻴﺴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻤﻭﻤﻋ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ، ﻪﻨﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻡﻭﻘﺘﻴ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘ ، ﺎﻤﻜ ﻭﺃ ﻥﺃ لﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﻴﺤ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ لﻭﺒ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺒﻌﻴ : " ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﻭ ﺕﺭﺎﻜﻴﺩ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺃﺩﺒ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻠﻝ ﻊﺴﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ لﻗﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﻑﻭﺴﻠﻴﻔﻠﻝ ﻲﻠﻤﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻪﺘﺨﻴﻓ ،ﻁﻨﺎﻜ ﻊﻤ ﺕﺭﻭﻁﺘﻭ (..) ﻊﻀﻭ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒﻓ ، ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﻭﻫ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ ،ﺔﻁﺒﻨﺘﺴﻤ ﻻﻭ ﺔﻨﻫﺭﺒﻤ ﻻ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫﺒ ﻰﻁﻌﺘ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋﻭ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝ ﻊﻀﻭ ،ﺎﻌﻤ لﻌﻔﻠﻝﻭ ﺔﻨﻭﻨﻴﻜﻠﻝ " 1 . ﻯﺩﺃ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻤﺒﺭﻝ ﺇ ﺭﻭﻠﺒﺘ ﻰﻝ ﺇ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﺎﺴﻤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻬﺠﻭﺘ ﺕﺤﻭﺍﺭﺘ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﺕﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘ ﺭﻔﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻨﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﻕﺎﺴﻨﺃ ﺩﻴﻴﺸﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ﺎﻫﺯ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺼﺘ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺭﻭﺼﺘ ﻕﺒﺎﻁﺘ ﺱﻜﻌﺘ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻷﺍ ﺔﻘﺴﺎﻨﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﺃ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻝﺎﺨﻤ ﻥﻴﺒﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺒﻴﺭﺠﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﺴﻨ ﻥﻋ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻭﺃ ﻼﻴﻠﻗ ﺓﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻴ . ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﻀﺨ ﻲﻓ لﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺕﺩﻝﻭﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﺇ ﺔﻁﺭﺎﺨ ﺕﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻔﻴﻨﻋ ﺕﺍﺯﻫﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺠﻔﻨ ،ﺀﺍﻭﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻴﺩﻭﺠﻭﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﺎﻨﻠﺒﺎﻘﺘ لﺎﻘﺘﻨﻹﺍ ﺎﻫﺍﺩﺅﻤ ، ﺔﺜﺍﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻋ ﻥﻤ ﺇ ﺔﺜﺍﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻨﻤﺯﺃ ﻰﻝ . ﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻘﺘﻨﺇ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ لﻜ ﻊﻤﻭ ،ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺔﺴ ﺹﺨﻷﺎﺒﻭ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﺈﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺱﺠﺍﻭﻬﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﻗﺃ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﺏﻘﺤﻝﺍ لﻜ ﻊﻤ 1

- Paul Ricœur, le conflit des interprétations : essais d’herméneutique, Ed : Seuil, Paris, 1969, P321.

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15 ﺔﻴﻨﻤﺯﻝﺍ ، ﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻜﻝ ﻡﻏﺭ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﻹﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﻡﺌﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻀﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﺭﺼﻋ لﻜﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻪﺌﺩﺎﺒﻤﻭ ﻯﺭﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻘﻠﻁﻨﻤ . ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤﺒ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ لﻭﺎﺤﻨﺴ ﺍﺫﻝ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﻭﻀﻝﺍ ﻁﻴﻠﺴﺘﻝ ﺩﻌﺒﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺍﻭﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻭ ﺀﺎﻔﻜﻨﻹﺍﻭ ﺭﻭﻬﻅﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ – ﺔﻤﺯﻷﺎﻓ ،ﺔﻴﺜﺍﺩﺤ ﻲﻫ ﻙﻜﻔﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻗﻭ ﻡﻫﻭﻠﻝ ﺔﻀﺭﻌﻤ ﺎﻬﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺘﺎﺒ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻓﺭﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺝﺭﺩﻨﺘ ﻙﺸ ﻼﺒ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺸﻴﺎﻌﻴ ﺕﺎﺒ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺯﻷﺍ ﻥﻤﻀ لﻜﻜ . ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﺫﺨﺘﻨﻝﻭ ﻤﻬﻓ ﺱﻴﺴﺄﺘ ﺔﻅﺤﻝ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭﻝ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻨ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﻷ ﺎﻬﺒﻘﻌﺘ ﻥﻴﺤ ﺎﻬﺘﺭﻴﺎﺴﻤﻭ ،ﺕﺍﺫﻠﻝ ﺔﻘﻠﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ، لﻭﻘﻴ ﺫﺇ " : ﹼﺫﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻤﹼﺨﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻝ : ﺎﻨﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﺃ ﻭﺩﺒﻴ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺜﻤ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺭﻤﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻭﺩ ﺏﻼﻘﻨﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺭﺘﻘﻨ ﻲﻜ ﺽﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺃ ﺎﻨﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﻼﺒ ﻲﻫ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﺄﺒ ﺞﺘﻨﺘﺴﻨ ﻥ .(..). ﻥﻋ لﻭﻘﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻨ ﻯﺩﻤ ﻱﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻝﺍ ﻊﻘﻴ ﺎﻴﻤﻴﺘﺴﺒﺍ ﺎﻨﺎﻜﻤ لﻐﺸﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺄﺒ ﺎﻨﻫ ﺎﻫﺃﺩﺒﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻭﺄﺘ ﺩﺎﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺘﻴﺠﻭﻜﻝﺍﻭ ﻭﺘﻴﺠﻭﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻌﺒﺃ " 1 . ﺝﺭﺎﺨ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺏﺠﻴ ﻻ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﺏﻼﻘﻨﻹﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻘﻨﻻﺍ ﺏﻼ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﻼﺒ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺩﺠﺘﺴ ﻪﻨﻭﺩﺒﻭ ،ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴﻝ لﻤﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ،ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ . لﺍﺅﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﻥﻜﻝ : ؟ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺩﺠﻭﻨﺘﺴ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ﻱﺃ لﺨﺍﺩ . ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ لﺀﺎﺴﺘﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻴﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻅﺤﻝ ﺩﻼﻴﻤ ﺏﻘﻋ ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺏﻼﻘﻨﻹﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﺴﻤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،ﺓﺩﺎﻀﻤ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻥﻴﺃ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ لﻭﺤﺘﻴﺴ ، ﺕﺍﺫﻠﻝ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻠﻝﻭ ﻻﻭﺃ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﺩﺩﺤﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻴﻠﻋ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ !! . 1 ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﻲﺘﺎﻨﻴﺯ ﺝﺭﻭﺠ ﺔﻌﺠﺍﺭﻤ ،ﻲﺸﺎﻴﻋ ﺭﺫﻨﻤ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﺔﻴﻘﻴﻁﻭﻨﻴﻤﺭﻴﻫ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩ ،ﺕﻼﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺭﺼ ،ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ لﻭﺒ ﻁ ،ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻝ ﺓﺩﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ 1 ، 2005 ﺹ ، 92 .

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16 ﺎﻬﺘﺭﺎﺘﺨﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻴﺘﺍﺭﺘﺴﻹﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻭ ؟ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨ ﻯﺭﺘ ﺎﻴ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻓ ﺘﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻭﺴﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨﻝ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻪﻌﻤ ﺏﻴﻐﺘﻭ ﺔﻴ ﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻵﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻪﻌﻤ لﺤﻤﻀﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﻜ ﺭﺨ ∗ ؟ !! . ∗ - ه ت و ،ا إ ا "ا سرا ل نإ ن'(او تا)ا م+,آ .ر . .0ا "12ا ا ا)ه ,3 . .4را 5,ا +6را ل78 تا)ا ر1 9 أ' نأ ; لؤ2ا ا)ه ح>5 د ا)هو ، >@,ا "ا ب5Bا ت ,3 تا)ا رC 1 ر1 D' .

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17

لﻭﻷﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ

ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍﻭ ﻕﺎﺜﺒﻨﺍ

ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ

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18 1 -ﻭ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ : ﻪﻝﻭﻘﺒ ﻡﺌﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﻭﺤﻨ ﻪﻔﻝﺅﻤ ﻁﻨﺎﻜ لﻴﻭﻨﺎﻤﺇ ﻡﺘﺨ " : ﺏﻘﻌﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﺌﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﺎﻤ ﺢﻠﺼﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﻫﺎﻌﻤﺒ ﻥﻵﺍ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺄﻁﺨ ﻲﻤﺴ ) ﺔﻨﺩﻫ ﺕﺎﻴﻗﺎﻔﺘﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻫﻭ ( ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﺱﻴﻝ ﺓﺭﻤﺘﺴﻤ ﺔﻘﺜﺍﻭ ﻰﻁﺨﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺎﻏ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺭﺘﻘﺘﻭ ،ﺍﺩﻴﻭﺭ ﺍﺩﻴﻭﺭ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﺘ ﺔﻤﻬﻤ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻨﺇ ،ﺀﺎﻓﻭﺠ ) ﻻﻭ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﺎﺒ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﻗﺭﻐﺘﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺄﺒ لﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺒ ﺭﺜﻜﺄﻓ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻉﺭﺎﺴﺘﺘ ﻡﺌﺍﺩﻝﺍ (" 1 . ﺩﻘﻝﻭ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ ﺭﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻝ ﺍﺩﻴﺴﺠﺘﻭ ﺎﺤﻭﻀﻭ ﺭﺜﻜﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﺔﻴﻁﻨﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺅﺭﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻕﻭﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﺘﺸﻝ ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻓ ﻼﻤﺎﺤ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﻱﺩﺒﻷﺍ . ﺎﻜﻠﺴﻤ ﺕﺫﺨﺘﺍ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺎﻋﺭﺴ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ ﺎﻬﺒ لﺀﺎﻔﺘﻭ ﻁﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺎﻨﺄﺒﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺭﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻜﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺎﻘﻴ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ،ﺎﻴﺒﻠﺴ ﺙﺤﺒﻴﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺯﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﻼ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻌﺒﺎﻨ ﺎﻬﻝ لﻭﻠﺤ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﺔﻴﻐﺒ ﺎﻬﺒﺎﻌﻴﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻤﻬﻓ لﺒﺴ ﻲﻓ ، ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﺠﺭﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻫﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﻷﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻴ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺎﺒ ﺒ ،ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺞﺘﻨ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴ ﺙﻌﺒ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻪﻨﻋ لﻴﻌﻔﺘ ﺍ لﺎﻤﻫﺇ ﻥﻭﺩ ،ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻴﺴﻜﻷﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭ ﻪﺘﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ . ﺕﺍﺫﻠﻝ ﻡﻭﺯﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻠﻝﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﻌﻨﻴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﺩﻴﺠﺍﺭﺘ ﻕﺎﻴﺴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺄﻤ ، ﺕﺴﺴﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻅﺤﻝ ﺩﺸﻨﺘ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻫ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻌﺠﻴ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﻬﻅﻝ ، ﺔﻴﺩﻴﺠﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﻻﺩﺒ " ،ﻉﺎﻴﻀﻝﺍ ،ﺭﺎﻤﺩﻝﺍ ﻑﻨﻌﻝﺍ ،ﺏﺎﻫﺭﻹﺍ ،ﺔﺜﺭﺎﻜﻝﺍ ." .. 1 -ﺍ ﻭﺤﻨ ،ﻁﻨﺎﻜ لﻴﻭﻨﺎﻤ-ﺍ ﻡﺌﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﺴﻝ – ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ -ﻁ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ﺭﺩﺎﺼ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﻱﺭﻭﺨﻝﺍ لﻴﺒﻨ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘﻭ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ، 1 ، 1985 ، ﺹ 99 .

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19 ﺓﺭﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻜﺸﺘﻴ ﺃﺩﺒ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻲﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﺱﻭﻤﺎﻗ ،ﺔﻨﻫﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻩﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺒﺴﺘ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ لﻼﺤﻤﻀﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺘﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﻲﺒﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺭﻴﻭﻨﺘﻝﺍ ، لﻜﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺎﺘﺭﻴﻏ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﺒﺭﻭﺃ ، لﺅﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻠﺨﺩﺃﻭ لﺎﻴﺤ ﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻠﻝﻭ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻠﻝ ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔ ، ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺘﺎﺒﻓ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻭ ﻲﻋﻭﻭ ﻡﻴﻗ ﺔﻤﺯﺃ ﺵﻴﺎﻌﺘ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ . ﻡﻴﻗ ﺔﻤﺯﺃ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﻹﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﺓﺩﻭﻋ ﺎﻬﺘﻠﺜﻤ ﻜ ﺎﻫﺯﻭﺭﺒﻭ ، ﺭﺜﻜﺄ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﺎﻫﺍﻭﻗﺃﻭ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻠﻝ لﺌﺍﺩﺒﻜ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ ﺡﺭﻁﺘ ﺕﺤﺍﺭ ﻱﺭﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ، لﻭﺤﺘﺘﻝ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﻹﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﻥﻤ لﻜﺸ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻤ ﻯﺭﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻤﻝﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻜ " ﺩﺴﺠﺘﻴ ﻻ ﻡﻫﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﺇ لﻜﻜ ﻊﺒﻁﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻱﺄﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﻲﺘﺍﺫ لﻼﻘﺘﺴﺍ ﻱﺄﺒ ﻊﺘﻤﺘﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﺓﺯﻬﺠﺃ ﻲﻓ " 1 . ﻲﻋﻭ ﺔﻤﺯﺃ ﻬﻨﺄﺒ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻌﺘ ﺕﺘﺎﺒﻓ ،ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺯﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﻠﺜﻤ ﺔﻜﺭﺩﻤ ﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﻉﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺎ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ∗ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﺭﺫﺠ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ، ﺫﺇ ، ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺢﺒﺼﺃ ﻴ ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺩﺭﻓ ﻑﺩﻬ ﻭ ،لﻀﻓﻷﺍ ﻩﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻕﻘﺤﻴ ﻥﻷ ﻊﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﻑﺼﻴ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺤ لﺭﺴﻭﻫ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺭﺒﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻨﻵﺍ " ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻺﻝ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﺒﻘﺤ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒﻭ ﻕﺎﺜﺒﻨﺍ ﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﺒﻘﺤ ﻻﻭ ﺩﻴﺭﺘ ﻻ ﻲﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﺤﻝﻭ ﺎﻫﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝ ﺭﺤ لﻴﻜﺸﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻻﺇ ،ﻥﻵﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺩﺘﺒﺍ ،ﺵﻴﻌﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﺘ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻨﺘﻤ ﻻ ﻡﺎﻬﻤ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ،لﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ " 2 . 1 ،ﺀﺎﻀﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ لﺎﻘﺒﻭﺘ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺎﻘﻴﺯﻴﻓﺎﺘﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺯﻭﺎﺠﻤ ،ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺱﺴﺃ ،ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻥﺒﺍ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ،ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﻁﻝﺍ،ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ 1991 ﺹ ، 15 . ∗ -ﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﻨﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻨﻷﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻲ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ , ﻭ ﺓﺩﺍﺭﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻭ لﻘﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﻊﺘﻤﺘﺘ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻋ لﻘﺘﺴﻤ ﻪﺘﺍﺫﺒ ﻡﺌﺎﻗ ﻥﺎﻴﻜ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﻠﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺼﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻘﻠﺘﻝﺍﻭ ... ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻗ ﺔﻴﻗﻼﺨﺃ ﺔﻝﻻﺩ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻲﻬﻓ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤ ﻭ . ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨ ﺙﺩﺤ ﻲﻋﻭﻼﻝﺍ ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝ ﺔﺤﺯﺤﺯﻝﺍ ) ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻅﻨﺃ 3 ( 2 -ﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺯﺃ ،لﺭﺴﻭﻫ ﺩﻨﻭﻤﺩﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻨﺩﻨﺴﻨﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻴﻤﻭﻨﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌ – ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻴﻤﻭﻨﻴﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺨﺩﻤ ﻁ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻕﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ لﻴﻋﺎﻤﺴﺍ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘﻭ 1 ، 2008 ﺹ ، 523 .

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20 ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﺘﻤ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻤﺯﻷﺍ ﺔﻤﺯﺃ ﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ، ﺒ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﺘ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺯﻨﻝﺍ ، ﺍﺫﻜﻭ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﻲﻝﺅﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ لﻘﻌﻝﺍ لﺤﻤ ﻲﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ لﻘﻌﻝﺍ لﻼﺤﺇ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻲﻠﻤﺄﺘﻝﺍ ، ﻭ ﺘﻴ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻕﻓﺍﺭ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺯﺃ ﻥﻋ ﺕﺎﻴﺎﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺩﺤ ﻊﻤ : ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ ﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ ،ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ ،ﺎﻘﻴﺯﻓﺎﺘﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ ،ﻑﻘﺜ ) ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﻭﻤ ( ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ ، . ﻴﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﺔﻤﺯﺃ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺒﻌﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ﺔﻤﻭﺯﺄﻤ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﺃ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻨﻫﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻀﺭﻔﺘ ﺔ ﺓﺩﻌﺼﻷﺍ ؟ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻤﻫﺃ لﻌﻝ ، ، ؟ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ، ؟ﺭﺨﻵﺎﺒ ﺎﻨﻷﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ .. ﺔﻠﺌﺴﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﻫﺃﻭ : ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻼﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ؟ﻲﻨﻼﻘﻋﻻ ﻡﻝﺎﻋ ، ؟ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺭﺼﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻕﺤﺒ ﻥﺤﻨ لﻫﻭ . ﺎﻤﻭ ؟ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤﻭ ؟ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ..

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21 2 -ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ : لﻭﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺒﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻅﺤﻝ . ﻪﺸﺘﻨ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝ ﻪﻤﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻭﻜﻭﻓ لﺎﺸﻴﻤ لﻭﻘﻴ ، -ﻲﻘﻴﺭﻏﻹﺍ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ " ﻥﺃ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺜﻼﺜ ﺔﻴﺴﺠﺭﻨ ﺎﺤﻭﺭﺠ ﺔﻤﺜ : ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﻙﻴﻨﺭﺒﻭﻜ ﻪﺒﺒﺴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻑﺸﺘﻜﺍ ﻥﻴﺤ ﻥﻴﻭﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﺒﺒﺴ ﺩﻴﻭﺭﻓ ﻪﺒﺒﺴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺠﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻭﻝﻭﻤ .. ﻥﻴﺤ ﻲﻋﻭﻼﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻑﺸﺘﻜﺍ " 1 ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﻑﺎﻀﻴ ﺙﻼﺜﻝﺍ ﺡﻭﺭﺠﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ، ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ، ﺎﻤﻜ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝ ﻲﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺩﻘﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻯﺩﺃ ﺎﻤ ﻴﺸ ﺀﺎﻌﻤﺠ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻺﻝ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺩ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ، " ﻪﺤﺭﻁﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺭﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ) la révolution numérique ( ) ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﻋﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﻤ ﺔﻤﻝﻭﻌﻝﺍﻭ ( ﺎﻬﻝ ﻱﺩﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻐﻝ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ،ﺔﻴﻗﻼﺨﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﺘﺎﻴﺤﻭ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻓ لﻜﺎﺸﻤ ﻥﻤ " 2 . ﻝ ﺩﻘ ﺭﺍﻭﻨﻷﺍ ﻡﻠﺤ ﻊﻓﺩ ﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﺒﺭﻭﺃ ﻡﻠﻌﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝ ، ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﺒﻏﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺘﺒﺘ ﻡﻝﻭ ،ﻩﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﻰﺼﻗﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﻗﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ، لﺎﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺭﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﺸﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻴﺯﻴﻔﻝﺍ . ﺍﺫﻝ ﺔﺒﺎﺜﻤﺒ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻪﺘﻘﻘﺤ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺡﺎﺠﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻊﻴﺴﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻐﻴ ﻱﻭﻗ ﺯﻓﺎﺤ ﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻘ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﺇ ﺓﺎﻤﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻗﺎﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﺠﻫﺎﻨﻤ لﻘﺘﻨﺘ ﻑﻭﺴ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺎﻋﺭﺴ ﺫﺇ ، ) ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻋ (. ﻭ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺎﻬﻁﺒﻀﻭ ﺎﻬﺴﺎﻴﻗﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺏﺭﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﻨﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﺒﺎﻁ ﺀﺎﻔﻀﺇ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺎﻴﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻗ ﺅﻴﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺙﺩﺤ ، ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻠﻝ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ لﺎﻔﻏﺇ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓﻭ 1 ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺵﻘﻝﺍ لﻴﻬﺴ ﺏﻴﺭﻌﺘ ،ﻭﻜﻭﻓ لﺎﺸﻴﻤ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ،ﻲﻘﻴﺭﻏﻹﺍ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ،ﻪﺸﺘﻨ ﻙﻴﺭﻴﺩﻴﺭﻓ ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻁ ،ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻝ ﺭﺸﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻠﻝ 3 ، 2005 ﺹ ، 08 . 2 ،,3 ،ا ; ;د ،',E يرBا دا ،1Gا 0 94 . ، H5Iأ 1986 ةرازو ; رC 0 ، >LاM0ا ،Eاو 1Gا .

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22 ﻴ ﻑﻭﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﺒﻭﺭﺜﻨﻷﺍ ﺎﻫﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻌﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ لﻌﺠ ﺩﻘﻠﻓ ، ﻥﻤ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻤﺘﺴﻴﺒﺇ ﺍﺯﺠﺎﺤ – ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﺒ ﺀﺎﻘﺘﺭﻻﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﺔﺒﺘﺭﻤ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺍ ﻪﹼﻘﺤﻝ ، ﺩ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﻘﻌﻝﺍ لﻭﺤﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﺔﺒﻴﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺯﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺠﺌﺎﺘﻨ لﻀﻔﺒ ﺕﻤﻋ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺃ ،ﻲﺘﺍﺩﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﻘﻋ ﻥﻴﺠﺴ ﻪﺘﻠﻌﺠﻭ ﻪﺘﻴﺭﺤ ﻪﺘﺒﻠﺴ ﻴﻝ ﻡﺎﺤﺘﻝﻻﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻡﺨﻀﺘ لﺼﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﻵﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻫﺎﺴﺭﺃ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ . ﻲﻓ . لﺯﻌﻤ ﻲﻠﻜ . ﻥﻋ . ﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ . ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻠﻝ . ﺩﻘﻝ ﻰﺤﻀﺃ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺩﻬﺸ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ لﻜ ﻥﻋ ﺍﺯﻴﻤﺘﻤ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ لﻜ ﺭﺒﻌﻓ ،ﻪﻴﻓ ﺔﻠﺼﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻀﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺠﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻊﺒﺎﻨ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻩﺯﻴﻤﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺒ ﺩﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺎﻗﻭﺭﻓ ﺩﻬﺸﻨ ﺩﺎﻜﻨ ﻻ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻘﺤﻝ ﺎﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻋ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ،ﺭﻭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻡﻏﺭ ،ﺀﺍﻭﺴﻝﺍ ﻴﺩﺠ ﺎﻬﺠﻭ ﺕﻠﻜﺸ ﺔﻌﻴﺭﺴ ﺍﺯﻴﻤﺘﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺎﻐﻤ ﻪﺘﻠﻌﺠ ،ﻱﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻘﻴﻤﻋ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻭ ﺍﺩ ﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻴﻀﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺕ ، ﻻﺩﺒﻓ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﻭﻗ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺭﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺩﺨ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺴﻤﺃ ﺔﺒﻘﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺠﻭ ،ﺭﺭﺤﺘﻝﺍ لﻴﻭﺤﺘﺒ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﻪﻠﻘﻋﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻘﻋ ﻲﺘﺍﺩﺃ ﺢﻤﻼﻤ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻓ ، ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ؟، ؟ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺜﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻨﺎﻜﻤ ﺎﻤﻭ . ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﻝﻭﺤﺘ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺓﺯﻴﻤﻝﺍ " ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﺇﻭ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﺀﺎﻤﺘﻨﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻬﻝﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻤﺒ ﻩﺎﻴﺇ ﺓﺩﻭﺯﻤ ،ﻱﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻠﻝ ﺓﺭﻁﺅﻤ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺄﻓ ،ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺎﻘﻴﺯﻓﺎﺘﻴﻤ (..) ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺭﺸﻠﻝ ﺍﺭﺩﺼﻤ ﻲﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺫﺨﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ .) (. ﻲﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻜﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺇ لﺒ ﺍﺭﺩﺼﻤﻭ ،ﺹﻼﺨﻝﺎﺒ ﺍﺩﻋﻭﻭ لﻤﻷﺎﺒ ﺍﺭﻴﺸﺒﺘ ﻱﺃ ،ﺎﻘﻴﺯﻓﺎﺘﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﺞﻴﺭﺩﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻉﺯﺘﻨﻴ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻠﻝ ﺎﺒﻫﺍﻭ " 1 ، ﻥﻋ لﺅﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻀﺤﻴﺴ ﺎﻨﻫﻭ ؟ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﺜﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺎﻜﻤ . 1 -ﻁ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ﻱﺩﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺔﺜﺍﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻀﺎﺨﻤ ،ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻼﻴﺒﺴ 1 ، 2007 ﺹ ، 14 .

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23 ﺭﻬﻅﻴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻠﺌﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺘﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻔﻁﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺤ لﻤﺎ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻤﻨﻭ ﻲﻗﺭ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﻁ ، ﺓﺭﻤﺩﻤ ﺏﻭﺭﺤﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺭﺼ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺩﻬﺸﻨ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ﻤﺯﻨﺎﻜﻴﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﺏﺠﻴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻫﺎﺸ ،ﺭﺎﻤﺩﻭ ﺔﺜﺭﺎﻜﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﻅﻭﺘ ﺕﺎ ﻷ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﻫﺩﺯﻹﺍﻭ ﻭﻤﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺵﻴﺎﻌﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻝﺍ لﺠ ، ﺕﻠﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻁﻴﺴ ﺩﻬﻋ ﻥﻤ ﺎﺼﻭﺼﺨ ﺎﺒﺭﻭﺃ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﺤﺎﻨﻤ لﻤﺠﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﻴﺴ ﺩﻬﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﺴﻴﻨﻜﻝﺍ ﺓﺭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻹﺍ ، ﻰﺤﻀﺃ ﺎﺒﺭﻭﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﻴﻨﻜﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﻴﺴ ﺔﻝﺍﺯﺈﻓ ،ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ لﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺄﻁﻭ ﺩﺸﺃ ﻲﻫﻭ ﻩﺎﻨﻌﻤ ": ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺨﺍﺭﺘﻤ ﺔﻁﻠﺴ لﺍﺩﺒﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻨﻌﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺩﻴﺩﺠ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﺍﺩﺒﺘﺴﺇ ﺭﺨﺄﺒ ،ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺓﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﻰﺼﻗﻷﺍ ﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺩﺎﻴﻤ لﻜ ﻕﺭﺘﺨﺘ ﻯ ﺔﻀﺭﺎﻓ ﺎﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘ ﺓﻭﺎﺴﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺄﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺸ ﻙﻭﻠﺴﻠﻝ " 1 . لﻭﺎﺤﻨﺴ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻓ لﻤﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ لﻼﺤﻤﻀﺍ ﺀﺩﺒ ﻊﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻴﻝ ﻡﻫﺃ ﺽﺤﻤ ﻲﻨﻘﺘ لﺎﺼﺘﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﺍﺯﻴﻤ ﺕﻠﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻴﺴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻝﺎﻋ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻝﻵﺍ ، ﺎﻤﺒﺭﻝﻭ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻓﺩ " ﻪﺸﺘﻴﻨ " لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ " : ﻲﻫ ﺎﻬﻠﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﻤﺩﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺓﺩﺩﻬﻤ ﻪﺘﺭﺎﻀﺤ ﺭﺼﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺤﻨ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ " 2 . ﺎﻤﻜ ﻑﺼﻴ ﺯﻭﻴﻜﺭﺎﻤ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﺄﺒ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﻲﻔﻀﻴ ﺔﻴﻨﻼﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻨﻼﻘﻋﻼﻝﺍ ، ﻑ " لﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻺﻝ ﻱﺃ ﻪﻔﺼﻭﺒ " ﺍﺭﻜﻓ ﺍﺭﺤ " ﻥﺎﻜ ﻪﻝ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻲﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺤﻨ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻊﻤﻭ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻪﻝ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻲﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﻘﺒﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻠﻅﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻘﺸﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺏﺍﺫﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﺃ لﻘﻌﻝﺍ لﻘﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻩﺩﺤﻭ ﻭﻫ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﻔﻜﻝﺍ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺘﺒ 1 -ﻤ ﺭﺒﻴﻓ ﺕ ،ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺴﺃﺭﻝﺍ ﺡﻭﺭﻭ ﺔﻴﺘﻨﺎﺘﺴﺘﻭﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﻕﻼﺨﻷﺍ ،ﺱﻜﺎ :. ﺹ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﻲﻤﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻨﻹﺍ ﺯﻜﺭﻤ ،ﺩﻠﻘﻤ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ 17 . 2 -ﺕ ،ﻪﺘﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻁﺭﻔﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﺇ ،ﻙﻴﺭﺩﻴﺭﻓ ﻪﺸﺘﻴﻨ : ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﻕﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﻘﻴﺭﻓﺇ ،ﻲﺠﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ 1998 ﺹ ، 220 .

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24 ﻪﺌﺎﻁﺨﺃ " 1 . ﺎﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺕﻌﻨﻴ ﺭﺼﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺵﻴﻌﻨ ﺎﻨﺘﺒ ﻕﺤﺒﻭ ﺩﻌﺒ : ،ﻕﻼﺨﻷﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ،ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ .. ﻥﺤﻨﻓ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﺒﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺭﺼﻋ ﻲﻓ . ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﺇ ﻥﻴﻴﻨﻘﺘﻠﻝ ، ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺽﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺄﻜ لﺒﺤ ﺓﺎﺠﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺹﻼﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝﻭ ،ﺎﻨﺘﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻝ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺒﻘﻤ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﻅﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻝ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻺ ، ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﻕﻠﻁﻤ ﺏﺍﺭﺘﻏﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻴ ﻪﻠﻌﺠﺘ ﻯﺭﺤﻷﺎﺒ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻴ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺭﺒﻌ ﺱﺭﺎﻤﺭﺒﺎﻫ ﻪﻝﻭﻘﺒ : " ،ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺏﺍﺭﺘﻏﺍ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻴ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺒﺍﺭﺘﻏﺍ . ﻥﻋ . ﻪﺴﻔﻨ . ﻥﻋﻭ . ﻪﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤ " 2 . ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺤﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﻭﻤﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻼﻋﺇ ﻊﻤﻭ ﻋ ﺩﺒﻻ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻰﻠ ﻱﺩﺅﺘ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﺘﻭ ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻤﺍﺯﺘﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ لﻜ ﺕﻝﺎﻁ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺯﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺭﺠﻹﺍﻭ ﻥﺃﻭ ﻡﺩﻘﺘ ،ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻹﺍ ﺩﻘﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻁﻼﻓﻷﺍ ﺙﺭﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﻌﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺎﻬﻝﻭﻠﺤﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺭﻭﺼﺘ ﻡﺌﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺏﻁﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒﺎﺼﺃ ﻥﻜﻝ ﻁﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺎﻬﻨﺄﺒﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺌﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻋ ﺔﺜﻋﺎﺒ ، ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻴﻨﻼﻘﻋ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻡﻴﻘﺘ ﺭﺨﻵﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ لﺂﻤﻭ ﻪﺘﻴﺌﺎﻏ ﻥﻋ ﻪﻠﺌﺎﺴﺘ ﻥﺃﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻪﻝﺄﺴﺘ ﻥﺃﻭ ،ﺓﺩﻘﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ : لﻫ ﻪﺸﻴﺎﻌﻨ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻩﺎﻓﺭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻭﻘﻴﺴ ﺔﻴ ﻬﻴﻗﺭﻭ ﺎ ﻫ ﻡﺃ ﻭ ﻬﻜﻼﻫ ﺏﺒﺴ ﺎ ﻫﺭﺎﻤﺩﻭ ؟ﺎ . ﻲﻓ ﺔﻨﺴ ﻡﻬﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺒﻭﻨ ﺓﺯﺌﺎﺠ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﻠﺼﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺫﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﻥﻠﻌﻴ ﻱﺭﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ 1955 ﻭﻨﻴﻤ ﺓﺭﻴﺯﺠﺒ " ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ – ﺍﺩﺠ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻭﻘﻴ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻭﻫ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻺﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﺴ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ " ﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺍﺩﺠ ﻡﻬﻤ لﺅﺎﺴﺘﺒ ﻪﺒﻘﻌﻴ ﺭﻏﺩﻴﻫ ﻩﺩﺭﻭ : 1 -ﺕﺭﺒﺭﻫ ،ﺯﻭﻴﻜﺭﺎﻤ لﻘﻌﻝﺍ ،ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ : ﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﻝﺍ ،ﺎﻴﺭﻜﺯ ﺩﺍﺅﻓ ،ﺭﺼﻤ ،ﻑﻴﻝﺄﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺭ 1970 ، ﺹ 23 . 2

- Jürgen Habermas, Ecrits politiques, traduit : de l’allemand par christina Bouchindhomme et Rainer Rochlitz, Ed, CERF, Paris, 1990, p 54.

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25 " ﺩﻨﻭ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻑﻴﻜ لﺎﻴﺨ لﻜ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﺎﺨﻀ ﻲﻓ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺫﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭﻴ ،ﺎﻨﻴﺩﻴﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺔﻌﻓﺩ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻠﻔﻨﺘ ﻻ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻺﻝ ﻥﻤﻀﺘ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ ﻥﻝ ﻥﺇﻭ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺏﺭﺤ ﻙﻝﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻜﺘ -ﺘﻭ ﺍﺫﻔﻨﻤ ﺩﺠﺘﻓ ، ﺩ ﺀﻲﺸ لﻜ ﺭﻤ " 1 . ﻪﻝﻭﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﻭﺭﻓ ﻪﻴﻨﻌﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻤﺒﺭﻝﻭ ﻥﺃ ..." ﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻩﺭﻴﻤﺩﺘ لﻬﺴﻴ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻻﺍ ﻪﻋﺩﺒﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻡﻠﻌ ﻪﺒﻴﺭﺨﺘﻭ ﻪﻀﻴﻭﻘﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻪﻋﺍﺩﺒﺇ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺎﻤﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺩﻴﺸﻴ ﻥﺍﺫﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ " 2 . ﻴ ﺭﻁﺎﺸ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ لﻭﺒ ،ﺔﻋﺩﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﺘﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﺅﺎﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻗﻼﺨﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺨﻠﺨ ﻲﻓﻭ لﻭﻘﻴ ﺫﺇ ،لﻜﻜ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺎﺒ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤ " : ﺭﺎﻁﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻥﺇ ﺫﻭﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻁﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺘﻴﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻠﺼﺒ ﺕﻤﻴ ﺎﻤ لﻜ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺭﺠﺘ ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﺝ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺤ " 3 . ﺎﻤﻜ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻁﺎﺨﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻠﻤﺤﺘ ﺎﻤ لﻜﺒ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻠﻝ ﻑﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﺎﻤﺃﻭ ﻠﻋ ﺩﺒ ﻻ ﻥﺎﻜ ،ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻀﺘﺭﺘ ﺎﻬﻴ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ لﻴﻌﻔﺘ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻻﺃ ،ﺎﻬﺒ ﻁﻭﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻨﻹﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴ ، لﺩﺒ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻭﺘﻴﺠﻭﻜ لﻴﻌﻔﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻹﺍ ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺙﻌﺒ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇﻭ ﻙﻼﻬﺘﺴﻹﺍ ﻭﺘﻴﺠﻭﻜ ، ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻴ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻗ ﺔﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﺱﻴﺴﺄﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ لﻴﻌﻔﺘ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻱﺃ ﺎﻬﻨﻤﻀ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ . ﻻﺇ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺃﺩﺒ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﻔﻜﻨﻻﺎﺒ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﹰﺎﻴﺠﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﺩﻭﻌﺼ ﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻠ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﻷﺍﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺤﺍﺭ ﺡﺭﻁﺘ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ لﺌﺍﺩﺒ ،ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻠﻝ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻤﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻱﺩﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﻜﺸﻹ ﻥﻭﻜﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﺼﻤﻝﺍﻭ . 1 ﻥﻋ ﻼﻘﻨ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻜﺴﻝﺍ ،ﺭﻏﺩﻴﻫ : ﻤﺤﻤ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻭ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺩﺎﻘﺘﻨﺍﻭ ﺔﺜﺍﺩﺤﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﺭﺘﺎﻓﺩ ،ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻌﻨﺒ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋﻭ ﻼﻴﺒﺴ ﺩ ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ لﺎﻘﺒﻭﺘ ﺭﺍﺩ . 2007 . ﺹ ﺹ 72.71 . 2 ﻁ ،ﻲﺸﻴﺒﺍﺭﻁ ﺝﺭﻭﺠ ﺕ ،ﻡﻫﻭ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤ ،ﺩﻴﻭﺭﻓ ﺩﻨﻭﻤﺠﻴﺴ 3 ﺎﺒﻁﻠﻝ ﺔﻌﻴﻠﻁﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ، ﻋ ﺹ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﺭﺸﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔ 09 . 3

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26 ﺕﺘﺎﺒ ﺍﺫﻬﺒﻭ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﻴﻗﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻝﺎﻌﻓ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﺘ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺠﺘﺎﻨ ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻓ ﺔﻤﺯﺃ ﺵﻴﺎﻌﺘ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺼﻨﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻻﺩﺒﻓ ،ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻔﻝ ﻡﻭﺯﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺕﺍﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺙ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻻﺇ ﻪﺼﻼﺨ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﻝ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ،ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ ﻪﺘﻻﻭﺤﺘ ، ﺎﻫﺩﺠﻨ ﺱﺭﺎﻤﻨ ،ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻭﺩ ﺩﻭﺎﻌﻨ ﺎﻨﺘﺒﻓ ،ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻓ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺀﺎﺴﺘﺘ ،ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ لﺼﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻔﺤﻝﺍ " ﺒﻁ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺝﺭﺨﻴ ﻻ لﻤﻋ ﻭﻫﻭ لﺠﻴﻫ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﻌ ﺔﻴﻐﺒ ﺎﻬﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ ﺩﻴﻌﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨﺒ لﻐﺘﺸﺘ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﺙﻴﺤﻭ ،ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺩﻌﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻩﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘ " 1 . ﻙﺭﺘﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺼ ،ﺎﻘﻴﺯﻓﺎﺘﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺭﺼﻋ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻘﺴﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺭﺼﻋ ﻲﻔﻓ ﻥﻴﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻼﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻏﻷ ﻥﻤﻜﻴ ﻲﺌﺍﺭﺠﺇ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﺒ ﻭﺃ ،ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ، ﻲﻓ لﺤﻤ ﺎﻬﻝﻼﺤﺇﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﻴﺴ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﺒﻌﻠﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ لﺅﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﻭﻨﻷﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﻷﺎﺒﻭ ﺕﺎﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻏﺃ ﻪﺘﻬﹼﻝﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﻘﻌﻝﺍ ، ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝ ﻲﻠﻜ ﺝﺎﻤﺩﻨﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻘﻴﻁﻴﻨﺭﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻜ ﺔﻀﺤﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘ ﻡﻭﻠﻋ ﺭﻁﺃ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺔﺼﻝﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻓ . ﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﻲﻓ ﺓﻭﻋﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﺘﺄﺘ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒ ﺔﻨﻫﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺩﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺕﻭﻤﻭ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ ﺕﺎﻨﻼﻋﺇ ﺕﻤﻜﺍﺭﺘﻭ ﺕﺒﻗﺎﻌﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﺄﺒ ﺔﻔﺴﻼﻔﻝﺍ ﺱﻜﺭﺎﻤ ﺏﻁﺎﺨ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺤ ﺔﻴﺴﻜﺭﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ،ﺍﺩﺠ ﻅﻭﺤﻠﻤ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺍﻭﺭﻴﻐﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺫﺇ ،ﻩﻭﺭﺴﻔﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻻ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ " ﻤﺘ ﻻ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﺇ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻱﺄﺒ ﻊﺘﻤﺘﺘ ﻻﻭ ،ﺎﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﻙﻠ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ،ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫﺎﺴﺘ ﻻ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ ،ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﻙﻠﻤﺘ ﻻ ﻥﺫﺇ ﻲﻬﻓ ،ﻲﺘﺍﺫ لﻼﻘﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺴﻔﺘ " 2 ﻭ ، ﺍﺫﻜ ﺕﻨﻭﻜ ﺕﺴﻏﻭﻷ ﺔﻴﻌﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻥﻴﺤ ﺭﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺩﹼﻝﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ 1 -ﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ،ﺀﺎﻀﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ لﺎﻘﺒﻭﺘ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺎﻘﻴﺯﻴﻓﺎﺘﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺯﻭﺎﺠﻤ ،ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺱﺴﺃ ،ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻥﺒﺍ ﻡ ،ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﻁﻝﺍ،ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ 1991 ﺹ ، 82 . ﺹ ،ﻕﺒﺎﺴ ﻊﺠﺭﻤ ،ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺱﺴﺃ ،ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻌﻨﺒ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ 14 . 2

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27 ﺇ ﻥﺃﻭ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﺠﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻫﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺼﺘﻗﺇ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨ ﺍﺭﺨﺅﻤ ﻥﻼﻋ ﻡﻠﻌﻠﻝ ﻲﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﻼﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻘﻴﺯﻓﺎﺘﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ ﺕﺴﻴﻝ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺄﺒ ﺭﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺃﺭﻘﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻨﻜﻤﻴ ﻱﺃ ، ﻡﻠﻋ . لﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺎﻨﻠﻤﺄﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺔﻴﺅﺭﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺏﺭﻐﺘﺴﻨ ﻻ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻝ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ لﻤﺄﺘﻨﻠﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﻙﺍﺭﺩﺇ ﻥﻋ ﺍﺭﺼﺎﻗ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺫﻝﺍ ،ﺭﻴﻤﺍﺩﺎﻐ ﻱ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﺡﺭﻁﻴ ﺱﻴﺴﺄﺘ ﺎﻘﻴﺯﻴﻓﺎﺘﻴﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻋ ، لﻅﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻯﺭﻴ ﺫﺇ " ﺔﻀﻗﺎﻨﺘﻤ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫﺒ ﻲﻬﻓ ﺎﻬﻜﺭﺤﺘ ﺔﺒﻏﺭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﺎﻴﻤﻠﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﻻ ﻊﻘﺘ ﻥﻤﻀ ﻕﺎﻁﻨ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ " 1 . ﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﻘﺒ ﺢﻴﺭﺼ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺱﻴﻝﺃ ،ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺃﺭﻘﻨﺴ ﻑﻴﻜﻓ ﻥﻋ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝ ﺩﺠﻨﺘﺴﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻴﻠﻋ ﺏﺠﻴ ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻭ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ ﺡﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﻡﻬﻓ ﻪﻘﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻪﻨﻜﻤﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻤ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻭ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺏﻭﻨﺘﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺎﺒ ، ﺝﻭﺍﺯﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻴﻠﻋ ﻡﺃ ﻥﻭﺴﻏﺭﺒ لﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻸﻝ ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻝ ﻥﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺩﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﻉ ﻪﻨﺃ : " ﻭﻝ ﺎﺘﻌﻤﺘﺠﺇ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻭ ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﺘﻐﺘﺒﺍﻭ ﺎﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﺏﺭﻗﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻔﻓ ﺎﻤﻬﻌﺴﻭ ﻥﺃ ﺍﺩﺠﺘ ﻼﺤ ﺭﺒﻜﻷ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﺜﺘ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ .. ﻑﻴﻜ ﺎﻨﻝ ﺎﻨﻴﺒﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺎﺘﻋﺎﻁﺘﺴﻻﻭ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﻭﻜﺘ ﻑﻴﻜ ﺔﻤﺜ ﻥﻤﻭ ،لﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﺄﺸﻨ " 2 . ﺩﻭﻌﺘﻭ ،ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺯﺄﺒ ﺎﻘﺒﺎﺴ ﻩﺎﻨﻴﻤﺴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻤﺒﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺸﻴﺎﻌﺘ ﺕﺘﺎﺒ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺯﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺓﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻰﻝﺇﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺹﺨﻷﺎﺒ ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺠﻹﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ لﺎﺼﻔﻨﺇ ﺏﻘﻋ ،ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﺓﺭﻁﻴﺴﻭ ﺔﻴﻌﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻴﺸ ﺏﻘﻋ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﺴﻭﺘ ﺕﺘﺎﺒ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺴﻝﺍ . 1 -ﺯﻨﺎﻫ ﺝﺭﻭﺠ ﺭﻴﻤﺍﺩﺎﻏ ، ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ، ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻡﻜﺎﺤ ﺢﻝﺎﺼ ﻭ ﻥﺴﺤ ﻡﻅﺎﻨ ، ﺭﺍﺩ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺎﻴﺒﻴﻝ ﻁ 1 ، 2002 ، ﺹ 29 . -ﻉﺩﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ، ﻥﻭﺴﻏﺭﺒ ﻱﺭﻨﻫ ، ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ﻊﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻨﺒﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻝﺍ ،ﺎﺒﻴﻠﺼ لﻴﻤﺠ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ 1981 ﺹ ، 05 . 2