البراغماتية الجديدة في فلسفة ريتشارد رورتي

1

يفـــيلخ ريشب

*

يوازـــلا هـــيسحلا

ةشقانملا ةنجل

:

أ . د – اسيئر نارهو ةعماج يفلوم دمحم أ . د – اررقم و ارطؤم نارهو ةعماج يوازلا هيسحلا أ . د – اشقانم رئازجلا ةعماج فاقوب نامحرلا دبع د – اشقانم نارهو ةعماج يدامح ديمح د – اشقانم ةنيطنسق ةعماج يديدج دمحم د – اشقانم ةنيطنسق ةعماج حودحد ديشر

3

ءاذـــــــــهإ

واهنلإا خاءاضف ًنإ

...

ءاضقَلاا فشؼَ لا ةح جَسأ

ٍفُهخ شُشت

5











10

( Richard Rorty )

11

21

( Tomas Paine)

( Common sense )

(1) 2000 38

22

(1) Tartaglie James , Guide Book in Rorty Mirror of Nature , Edition of Routelje philosophy , USA, 1 published , 2007 , P 41 .

23 (1) 3 2004 145 146

27

(pragma)

(Action)

(Charles Sanders Peirs)

( How to Made our Ideas Clear)

1878

(Practical)

(1) James William , Pragmatism , Dover Philosophical Classics , New York, first published, 1995, P 18.

(2) Bleau L . Joseph , Men and Movements in American Philosophy , prentice Hall Philosophy Series , USA , Ninth Printing , 1966 , P 228 .

(3) 1 2004 16

(4) Menand Louis , Pragmatism ; A Reader , Vintage books , New York , first edition , 1997 , P 26

28

( Noella Baraquin )

( Andre Lalande )

1893

(1) 2 1968 84

(2) James William , Pragmatism and meaning of truth , Harvard University press , seventh printing , 1944 , p 32 .

(3) Baraquin Noella , Dictionnaire de Philosophie , Armand Colin , Paris , 2 édition , 2000 , P269 .

29

Ⅰ

1839

1914

Charles Sanders Peirce

( Joseph Bleau )

(1) Lalande André , Vocabulaire Technique et Critique De La Philosophie , P.U.F , 16 édition , 1988 , P806 .

(2) Ibid , P 802 .

30

The Fixation of Belief

1877

How to make our Ideas Clear

1878

(1) Menand Louis , Pragmatism ; A Reader, P P 7, 26 .

(2) Bleau L . Joseph , Men and Movements in American Philosophy, P 247. (3) Gauchotte Pierre , Le Pragmatisme , P.U.F , 1 édition , 1992 , P 15 .

31

( Prarmaticism)

Ⅱ

1842

1910

William James

1878

(1) Reck J Andrew , William James , Edition Seghers , Paris , 1967 , P 49 .

(2) Russel Bertrand , History of Western Philosophy , , Unwin University books , UK , 8 edition , 1962 , P 766.

32

1898

1853

1932

Wilhem Ostwald

(3) James William , Pragmatism , P P 18,19.

33

( Radical Empiricism)

( David Hume )

( John Stuart Mill )

(

Abstractionism )

(1) Ibid , P 21 .

34

( Abstraction

)

Ⅲ

1859

1953

John Dewey

1899

* (3) 1 1975 38

35

(2) 270

(1) Radhakrishman Sarvepall , History of Philosophy Eastern and Western , Bradford and Dickens Drayton House ; UK ; 2 edition , p 347 .

(2) 52

36 (3) 1 1983 261 (1) 189

37

1805

1859

Alexis de Tocqweville

1872

1970

Bertrand Russell

1931

38

2007

Richard Rorty

La Science au lieu du

Savoir

1817

1862

Henry

David Thoreau

Ⅰ

39

1881

1956

Giovanni Papini

1864

1937

Ferdinand Schiller

485

411

Protagoras

(1) William James , Pragmatism , P 21.

(1) Russell Bertrand , History of Western Philosophy , P 94.

(2) Montoy Jacque , Précis D’histoire de la Philosophie , Les Edition de L’ecole, Paris , P 16.

40

(Man is the Measure of all Things , of Things that are that they are , and

of Things that are not that they are not )

399

490

(3) 1984 99

(3) Tarnas Richard , The Passion of the Western Mind , Unwin University Books , UK , 8 Edition , 1962 , P 27 .

(4) William James , Pragmatism , P 20.

(1) 1

1987 16

41

( Relativity)

( I Only Know that I don’t Know

any Thing )

(Unexamined Life is Not Worth Living )

Aristotle

322

384

(2) Russ Jacqueline, Histoire de la Philosophie de Socrate a Foucault , Edition Hatier , Paris , 1985 , P 23 .

(3) Copleston Frederick , A History of Philosophy , Greece and Rome , VolumeⅠ,part Ⅱ, Image Book Edition , New York , 1962 , P 24 .

42

1561

1626

Francis Bacon

(1) O’toole James , Greating the Good Life, How to Apply the Wisdom of Aristotle, Rodal International LTD , London , First Published , 2005 , P 13 .

43 .

1632

1704

John Locke

1685

1753

George Berkeley

1711

1776

David Hume

Gilbert Hottoi

(1) Bacon Francis , The Advancement of Learning , Heron Books , UK , 1861, P 104 (2) 1958

44

(3) Hottoi Gilbert , De la Renaissance a la Postmodernité : Une Histoire de la

Philosophie Moderne et Contemporaine , Edition de Boeck Université , France , 3

44

( Nominalism)

1285

1349

William Of Ockham

1220

1292

Roger Bacon

1806

1873

John Stuart Mill

*

(1) Lerous Emmanuel , La Philosophie Anglaise Classique ,Edition Armand Colin , Paris , 1951 , P 16 .

(2) Didier Julia , Dictionnaire de la Philosophie , Librairie Larousse , Paris , 1977 , P 209 .

(3) 3

1979 183

45

( Utilitarianism)

1748

1832

Geremy Bentham

(The Greatest Happiness for the

Greatest Number )

1764

1804

Immanuel Kant

( Critique of Pratical Reason )

(1) Ted Honderich , The Oxford Companion to Philosophy ,Oxford University Press , UK , 2 Edition , 2005 , P 89 .

46

Ⅱ

(2) Kant Emmanuel , Critique de la Raison Pratique , Tr : Picavet François , PUF , 5 Edition , 1966 , P14

30 (1)

47

1807

1873

Louis Agassiz

1853

1932

Wilhem Ostwald

1909

( Philosophy of

Science )

(3) Deledalle Gerard , La Philosophie Américaine , P P 53 ,54 .

(1) 37

48

1809

1882

Charles Darwin

Gerard Deledalle

( Origine of Species )

1859

( Edmbourg )

( Beagle )

( Stimulus )

(3) Deledalle Gerard , La Philosophie Américaine , P 251.

(1)De camp sepragne et De camp Catherine ,L’histoire de la Science Américaine , Edition Nouveaux Horizons , Paris , 1970 , P 139 .

49

( Struggle for Survival )

Ⅰ

1451

1506

Christophe Columbus

03

1492

(3) Bleau L . Joseph , Men and Movements in American Philosophy, P 232. (4) Deledalle Gerard , La Philosophie Américaine , P P 54 , 55 .

* ظؽلأُا ٕأث ُْبؼُا ذ٣ذغُا ُْ شكٞزر ٚ٤ك شظ٘ػ حذغُا ٠ِػ َهلأا خجغُ٘بث خً٘بغُِ ٖ٤٤ِطلأا ( دُِٜٞ٘ شٔؾُا ِْٜئبجهٝ خلِزخُٔا : ِٞج٤ث ، ٢شربثأ ، ٌٞ٣ش٣أ ، ٞ٤ع ، ضشرلارٞث ، ٢ًٝش٤ش )... ٖ٣زُا اٝشٔػ يِر ٢ضاسلأا شضًأ ٖٓ 50 قُأ خ٘ع َجه ٕأ أط٣ فٞزغ٣شً ظجًُٓٞٞ ٠ِػ َؽبع ٕبع سٝدبلُبع .

50

( The New word )

( Pilgrims)

( Separatists )

1620

1546

1483

Martin Luther

1509

1564

John Calvin

( Protestantism )

(Henry Ⅷ)

( James Ⅰ)

1603

(Puritans)

(1) O’callaghan Bryn , An illustrated History of the U.S.A , Longman , UK , 2 published , 1992 , P 04 .

(1) Mcgrath E Alister , Christian Theology : An Introduction , Black well publishing , UK , Third edition , 2003 , P P 62 , 63 .

51

( Pilgrims)

65

(May Flower Compact )

1590

1657

William Bradford

1737

1809

Tomas Paine

( Common

Sence )

(2) Gehlman John and Browman Mary River , Adventure in American Literature , Harcourt and World Edition , New York , 1952 , P 444 .

52

( American Dream )

( George Washington )

(

(1) Paine Tomas ,Common Sense , Dover thrift Edition , New York , W.Y , P 11 . (2) Warren E . Burger and Others , The Constitution of the United States , Edition of Jackson Place , Washington , 1991 , P 01 .

53

Thomas Jefferson )

( John Adams )

( James Madison )

( Melting Pot )

( Nation of Nations )

1847

1922

Alexander Graham Bell

(1)

200

54

1876

1847

1931

Tomas Addison

1878

Ludwing Wittgenstein

Rudolf Carnap

Ⅱ

(1) De camp sepragne et De camp Catherine ,L’histoire de la science Américaine ,P P 219 , 225 . * ذوُ ْر ض٤ًشزُا بطٞظخ ٠ِػ طٝششُا ظئبزُ٘اٝ َجه ةشؾُا خ٤ُٔبؼُا خ٤ٗبضُا .

55

1805

1859

Alexis de Tocqweville

1803

1882

Ralph Walds Emerson

(1) De Tocqueville Alexis , De la Démocratie en Amérique , Tome Ⅱ, ENAG Edition ,unité de Reghaia , Algérie , 2 édition , 1991 , P07 .

(2) Luedtke S . Luther , A Reader’s guide to Making America : The society and culture

of the United States , United State information Agency , Washington , 2 published , 1990 ,

56

1743

1826

Thomas

Jefferson

The American Philosophic Society

1737

1809

Tomas Paine

Transcendentalism

1830

1860

(3) Ibid , P37 .

(1) Bleau L . Joseph , Men and Movements in American Philosophy, P P 46 , 55 . (2) Ted Honderich , The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, P 923 .

57

1810

1850

Margaret Fuller

( Feminism )

1817

1826

Henry David Thoreau

The prophet of simple life

(3) Bleau L . Joseph , Men and Movements in American Philosophy , P111 (1) Deledalle Gérard , La Philosophie Américaine , P 49.

(2) Ted Honderich , The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, P 240 .

(3) Thoreau Henry David , Civil Disobedience , Flites edition , Medea , Algerie , First published , 2009 , P72 .

58

Idealism

1847

1910

Borden Barker Bowne

Herbert Spencer

Personal

Idealism

Personalism

1855

1916

Josiah Royce

(4) Cuvillier Armand , Nouveau vocabulaire philosophique , Armand colin , Paris, 1 édition , 1956 , P189 .

(5) 2

1982

81 (1) Bleau L . Joseph , Men and Movements in American Philosophy , P 200 .

59

Absolute Idealism

Evolutionism

1842

1901

John Fiske

(2) Deledalle Gérard , La Philosophie Américaine , P 162 .

60

The New Realism

1910

1910

1616

1910

The Critical Realism

P 92 . * خلعلالُا ٌُٕٞٗٞٔا خ٤ؼهاُِٞ حذ٣ذغُا ْٛ : 1 -قُاس ٕٞرسبث ١ش٤ث ( Ralph Berton Perry ) ، 2 -ذُٞٛ ( Holt) ، 3 -ٞ٤عبزٗٞٓ ( Montagyo) ، 4 -ٌٖزث ( Pitkin) ، 5 -ظٗذُٞجع (Spaulding) ، 6 -ٖكسبٓ ( Marvin ) .

Bleau L . Joseph , Men and Movements in American Philosophy , P 275 . (2) * خــلعلالُا ٕٞـــٌُٗٞٔا خ٤ؼهاُِٞ خ٣ذــــــــوُ٘ا ْٛ : 1 -ذٗاسٞ٣د ي٣سد ( Durant Drake) ، 2 -شصآ ١ٞغلُ ( Arthur Lovejoy) ، 3 -ظٔ٤ع داشث ( James Pratt) ، 4 -شصآ صشعٝس ( Arthur Rogers) ، 5 -١ٝس صشُٞع ( Rowy Sellers ) ، 6 -طسٞع بٗب٤زٗبع ( Geoerge Santayana) ، 7 -ؽٝشزع ( A.C Strog) . (1) ٞٔؾٓ

د

٢ًص

ت٤غٗ

،

جاُح

شكفنا

ٍف

ىناؼنا

ذَذجنا

،

ص

196

.

61

Naturalism

1863

1952

George Santayana

1878

1953

64

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

65

9

10

Ⅰ

Metaphysical club

،

1870

1876

* ذوُ ْر دبٔزػلاا ٢ك ذ٣ذؾر ضئبظخ خ٤ربٔؿاشجُا ٠ِػ تزٌُا خغ٤ئشُا خ٤ُبزُا : 1 -83 2 -25

3- Bleau L . Joseph , Men and Movements in American Philosophy, P P 234 , 235 . 4- Gauchotte Pierre , Le Pragmatisme , P P 99, 100 .

5- Hottoi Gilbert , De la Renaissance a la Postmodernité : Une Histoire de la

Philosophie Moderne et Contemporaine , P 246 .

66

1830

1875

Chancey Wright

1841

1935

Oliver Holmes

1835

1876

Nicholas Green

1818

1903

Alexander Bain

(1) William James – cited by - Bleau L . Joseph Men and Movements in American

Philosophy , P 232 .

(2) Deledalle Gérard , La Philosophie Américaine , P 58 .

* ذوُ ذوجع حسبشلإا ٠ُإ خ٤طٞظخ ػشطُا ٢ربٔؿاشجُا ذ٘ػ داٝشُا خصلاضُا ٢ك تِطُٔا ٢ٗبضُا ٖٓ شؾجُٔا ٍٝلأا .

67 Chicago School

1863

1931

George Herbert Mead

1862

1942

James Tufts

1869

1949

James Angell * ذ٤ٓ دشثشٛ طسٞع ( – ) بٛسبطإ ٢ك خ٤ربٔؿاشجُا خلغِلُا ٢ك غثاشُا تطوُا َػبلزُا طبزٗ ٢ٛ خـُِا خطعاٞث بٜ٘ػ شجؼُٔا ٙذ٘ػ خكشؼُٔبك ، ٢ػبٔزعلاا طبعلأا ٠ِػ خ٤ربٔؿاشجُا ٚزلغِك ّٞور ، ٢غ٤عأزُا خ٤ػبٔزعلاا حب٤ؾُا َخاد . ٢زُا شصأزُاٝ ش٤صأزُا ٢ز٤ِٔػ نِط٘ٓ ٖٓ ٢ًِٞغُاٝ ٢لغِلُا ٙبغرلاا ٖ٤ث طٝاضر ذ٤ٓ ذ٘ػ خ٤ػبٔزعلاا خ٤ربٔؿاشجُا ٕئك حسبشلإُ خئ٤جُا غٓ ٚــزهلاػ ٢ك ٕبغٗلإا بٜث ّٞو٣ ( ةبزً بٜ٘٤ث ٖٓ حذ٣ذػ غعاشٓ ٢ك ذ٤ٓ ذ٘ػ ٢ربٔؿاشجُا ػشطُا ٠ُإ حدٞؼُا ٌٖٔ٣ : خ٤ٌ٣شٓلأا خلغِلُا ٖػ خ٤غٗشلُا خـُِبث ٍادُٞٝد دساش٤ع ص ص ، .

68

Studies in Logical Theory

1903

29

1903

Ⅱ

(1) 27 .

69

1910

1914

1864

1937

Ferdinand Schiller

1930

1902

1989

Sidney Hook

1901

1979

Charles William Morris

1883

1964

Clarence Irving Lewis

(1) Gauchotte Pierre , Le Pragmatisme , P 107 .

(2) Ted Horderich , The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, P 400 . (3) Deledalle Gérard , La Philosophie Américaine , P 204 .

70 Vienna Circle

1891

1970

Rudolf Carnap

1935

( Morton White ) (4) Ted Horderich , The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, P 513 .

(1) Deledalle Gérard , La Philosophie Américaine , P 209 .

(2) 1

1994 142

71

1889

1951

Ludwing Wittgenstein

Ⅲ

1960

Gauchotte

Pierre

(3) 226

72

1908

2000

Willard Van Orman

Quine

(2) Ted Horderich , The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, P 26 .

73

1931

2007

Richard Rorty

New Pragmatism

76 Richard Mc Kay Rorty

1931

* James Rorty

1902

1982

Sidney Hook

Tortsky and the Wild Orchids

77

1946

1891

1970

Rudolf Carnap

1897

2000

Charles Hartshorne

(BA)

*

Bachelor of Arts

1949

( MA)

Master

of Arts

1952

Whithead’s Use of the Concept of Potentiality

University of Yale

(1) Rorty Richard, Philosophy and Social Hope, Penguin Book , London , First published , 1999 , P 06 .

(2) Ibid P 09 .

*

78

1956

The concept

of potentiality

Paul Weiss

1914

1914

1924

1924

1947

1961

*

Wellesly college

Princeton Univrtsity

University of Virginia

(1)

(2) Ted Horderich , The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, P 956 .

(3) Rorty Richard , Achieving our Country , Harvard University press , USA , first publishing , 1999 , P P 128 , 129 . * ب٘ظكبؽ ب٘ٛ ٠ِػ خ٤ٔغزُا بٜغلٗ بٜٗلأ َ٤ؾر ٠ُإ ْعا خ٤ٌُِا ٢زُا ٢ٔز٘ر ٠ُإ خؼٓبغُا .

79

1998

Stanford University

فذٜث

ٕسبؤُا ةدلأا ْغه ٢ك ظ٣سذزُا

.

خ٤ػُٞ٘ا ٚراءاشه ٍلاخ ٖٓ ض٤ٔزٓ ٢ــــلغِك سٞضؽ ٖػ ٢رسٝس دسبشز٣س ٕبثأ ذوُ

دذغزٓ ١شٌك ؿب٘ٓ ٢ك خ٣شٌلُا ٚرلابغٓٝ ٚربثبزً شجػ ٚطاشخٗا ٢ك ازً ٝ ، خػٞ٘زُٔا ٝ

ٖ٤٤ٌ٣شٓلأا خلعلالُِ بؽبزٓ ٕب٤ؽلأا تُبؿ ٢ك ٌٖ٣ ُْ ، مبكلأا

.

ُْ رإ ، بٜث ّبه ٢زُا خ٤لغِلُا داضغُ٘ٔا َ٤ٌشر ٢ك بغ٤ئس بججع خػٞ٘زُٔا ٚراءاشه ذٗبً ذوُ

خ٘٤ؼٓ دبلغِك دبؽٝشط ٙدذؾر ذٗبً بٓ نكٝ خكشظُا خ٤لغِلُا حءاشوُا ٠ِػ اشظزوٓ ٌٖ٣

خ٤كشؼٓ فٞ٘ط ٠ُإ ٚربٓبٔزٛا دلابغٓ ددذؼر بٔٗإٝ ، خـــ٣بٜٗٝ خ٣اذث خـطوٗ خـــلغِلُِ ٟشر

٠زش

.

١دذؼر سبطإ ٢ك ٌَشزُا خطشك شــــؽبجُِ ٢ــــطؼر بٜز٤ػٞٗٝ حءاشوُا عٞ٘ر ٕأ غهاُٞاٝ

ذؼج٣

–

َهلأا ٠ِػ ب٣شظٗ

–

ٍٞوُا َظ٤ك خ٘٤ؼٓ خكشؼٓ ئِر ءبػدا نؽ

.

خجضزؤُا خ٤رازُا ٚرش٤ع ٢ك ٚكاشزػا ، ٢كشؼُٔا ٚ٘٣ٌٞر ٠ُإ خكبضإ دشلزُا دشٓ ٌٕٞ٣ ذهٝ

ءاذٓلأا ٢ك َٓأزُاٝ ٙض٘زُِ ٚجؽٝ خؼ٤جطُا ٙبغر خِ٤ٔغُا ٚز٣اٞـث ٚراساٞؽ خِٔع ٢ك ازًٝ

ازـــًٝ سٞ٤طُا دلاؽشث ٚؼُٞث ٙساشهإ ٢ك ب٤ِع يُر ؼضرا ، خؽٞزلُٔا داءبضلُاٝ خؼعاُٞا

١شجُا ذ٤ًسٝلأا سبٛصأ بطٞـــظخ ، سبــــٛصلأاٝ دبـــربجُ٘ا ٞٔٗ

Wild Orchids

٢ـــزُا

٢عشعٞ٤ُ٘ ٢ثشـُا ٍبٔشُا ٍبجع ٢ك بٛٞٔٗ تـــهاش٣ ٕبً

New jersy

"

ذً٘ ذوُ

–

ٍٞو٣

٢رسٝس

–

بٛءبٔعأٝ ، بٛٞٔٗ ٕبٌٓ فشؼ٣ ٕبً ١زُا ذ٤ؽُٞا ١سبجزػبث اش٤ضً ٢غل٘ث ٞٛصأ

خجزٌُٔا ةٞط ٚغرأ ٕأ ٢ِػ بٓاضُ ٕبٌك ىسٞ٣ٞ٤ٗ ٢ك بٓأ ، بٜؾزلر دبهٝأ ازًٝ خ٤٘٤رلاُا

80

ٕشوُا ذِغٓ حءاشه حدبـــػإ ٝأ حءاشه َعأ ٖٓ خٓبؼُا

19

صبخُا دبربجُ٘ا ْــــِػ ٢ك

٢ٌ٣شٓلأا مششُا ذــ٤ًسٝأث

"

Winifred Rorty Walter Ranschenbusch ( Manmonism ) ( Dalailama ) T . S Eliot

(1) Rorty Richard, Philosophy and Social hope , P 06 . (2)Ibid , P 05 .

(3) Rorty Richard , Achieving our Country , P 59 . (4) Rorty Richard , Philosophy and Social hope , P 06 .

81

1960

(1) Fastenstein Mathen and Simon Thompspn , Richard Rorty : Critical Dialogues , Black well Publishers , London , 1 published . 2001 , P 19 .

82

The Linguistic turn

1967

Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature

1979

Gilbert Hottoi

(2) (1) Pettegrew John , A Pragmatist’s Progress : Richard Rorty and American

Intellectual History , Rowman and Little field Publishers , Mary land , USA , 2000 , P 09 .

83

.



( LT) The Linguistic Turn

1967

Philosophy and Mirror of Nature

( PMN )

1979

(3) Rorty Richard, Philosophy and Social hope , P 03.

 ٚجزً خٓذوٓ ٢ك بٜٓذو٣ ٢رسٝس ٕبً ٢زُا خ٤كشؼُٔا دبٗلاػلإا ٖٓ بهلاطٗا دبلُؤُٔا ٢ك ءبع بٓ ٠ِػ ذ٤ًأزُا ْر ذوُ بٜ٘٤ٓبضٓ ٠ِػ علاطلإا ٠ِػ حدب٣ص .

دقل

مت

دٍكأتلا

ىلع

ام

ءاج

ًف

ثافلؤملا

اقلاطوا

هم

ثاولاعلإا

تٍفزعملا

ًتلا

ناك

ًترور

اهمدقٌ

ًف

تمدقم

هبتك

ةداٌس

ىلع

علاطلإا

ىلع

اهىٍماضم

.

84 John Pettegrew ( C.P) Consequences of Pragmatism

1982

( Credentials ) ( John Rajchman ) ( C.I.S ) Contingency , Irony and Solidarity

(2) Pettegrew John , A Pragmatist’s Progress : Richard Rorty and American

Intellectual History, P 09 .

(1) Rajchman John , Philosophy in America , in , Post Analytic Philosophy , Columbia University Press ,USA : 1985 , P Ⅺ .

85 ( Philosophical Papers ) ( ORT)

Objectivity ,

Relativism , and Truth

1991

( EHO) Essays on Heidegger and Others

1991

1998

( TP ) Truth and Progress

86 ( A.C )

Achieving our Country

Philosophy and Social hope

1999

87

Philosophy as Cultural politics ( P.O.P )

2007

(2) Rorty Richard, Philosophy and Social Hope , P 27.

(1) Rorty Richard, Philosophy as cultural politics , Cambridge University press , UK , 2007 , P 04 .

88 Jean – Pierre Cometti

89

Ⅰ

-( Neo pragmatism – New pragmatism )

90 Edmund Burke Leo Strauss . (1) 1 2003 11 (1) 1 2003 15

91

1960

(1) Mendieta Edwardo ,The care of Fredom and truth will take care of it self

,Interviews with Richard Rorty , Stauford University press , California,2006 , P19 .

(2) Hutin Serge , La philosophie Anglaise et Américaine , P.U.F , 3 édition , 1971 , P 114 .

92

93

John Rajchman

(1) Rorty Richard, Philosophy and Social hope , P 27.

(

1

) Richard Rorty ,Conséquences du Pragmatisme , Tr Cometti Jean Pierre , Edition du

Seuil , France , 1993 , P 21 .

(2) Rorty Richard , L’espoir au Lieu du Savoir : Introduction au Pragmatisme , Edition Française Etablie par Claudine Cowan et Jacque Poulin , Edition Albin Michel , Paris , 1995 , P 17 .

94

Ⅱ

John Rajchman David Hall Ponser

(3) Rajchman John , Philosophy in America , In , post Analytic philosophy , P Ⅺ . (1) Hall David , Richard Rorty , prophet and poet of the New pragmatism , edition of State University of New York , USA , 1994 , P 66 .

95

(2) Rorty Richard, Philosophy and Social hope , P 95 .

96

(2) Rorty Richard, Philosophy and Social Hope , P 25 .

97

Ⅰ

Antiessentialism (1) 200 370

98

99 (1) 2 1979 113

100

Ⅱ

Antirepresentationalism

Bacon Michel

(1) Rorty Richard , Philosophy and Social Hope , P 27 .

(2) Rorty Richard , L’homme spéculaire , Tr : Thierry Marchaiss , Edition du seuil , Paris , 1 édition , 1990 , P 13 .

101 Objectivity , Relativism and Truth

( Donald Davidson) Wilfrred Sellard

Willard van Orman Quine

(1) Bacon Michel , Richard Rorty , pragmatism and political libralism , edition of Wington book , USA , 2007 , P 1 .

(2) Rorty Richard , Objectivity , Relativism and Truth , philosophical papers , Cambridge University press , USA , 14 edition , 2005 , P1 .

102 Robert Brandom

Williams Barnard

(1)Rorty Richard , Objectivity , Relativism and Truth , P 151 . (2) Ibid , P 04 .

103

(1) Ibid , P 127 . (2)Ibid , P 09 .

104

Ⅲ

AntiFoundationalism

(1) Grippe Edward , Richard Rorty’s New pragmatism : Neither liberal nor Free , continum Studies in America philosophy , USA , First published , 2007 . P 26 .

105

David Hall

(1) Rorty Richard , Philosophy and Social Hope , P 155.

(2) Wittgenstein Ludwing , Investigation Philosophiques , Tr : Pierre Klosswoski , Edition Gallimard , France , 1962 , 1 Partie , Paragraphe N 309 , P 227 .

106

107

Ⅰ

108 Trotsky and Wild Orchids

A Chieving our country ( Leftist thought in

twentieth Century America )

Leon Trotsky

1849

1940

109

The case of Leon Trotsky Not guilty

(1)Rorty Richard, Philosophy and Social hope , P 05 . (2) Rorty Richard , Achieving our Country , P 14 .

110

Animal Farm George Orwell

The Last Intellectual in Europe : Orwell on Cruelty

Ⅱ

(Analyse Philosophy )

111

1891

1953

Hans Reichenbagh

The Rise of scientific philosophy

1951

112

Princeton

1967

(2) Mendieta Edwardo , Interviews with Richard Rorty , P 35 . (1) Rorty Richard ,The Linguistic turn , P 3 .

113

(2) Rorty Richard, Conséquences du Pragmatisme , P 21 . (3) Mendieta Edwardo , Interviews with Richard Rorty , P 20 .

(4) Malochowski Alan , Richard Rorty , Acumen publishing limited , UK , First published , 2002 , P 32 .

114

Ⅰ

1770

1831

Friedrich Hegel Phenomenology of Spirit

Time held in thought

1985

115 Marck Kwick

1929

yurgen Habermas *

(1) Rorty Richard , Philosophy and Social hope , P 11. (2) Ibid , P 11.

*

ةءازق

كٌاىك

Ibid, P 30

(1) Kweik Mark , elective Affinities , Richard Rorty and post modern thought ,

Scientific publishers of the department of philosophy of pozman University , Poland , 1996 , P 137 .

116

(2) Ibid, P 135 .

(3) Rorty Richard, Philosophy and Social hope , P 30 . (1) Rorty Richard , L’homme spéculaire , P 15 .

117 Owl of Minerva

Ⅱ

 Leon Trotsky

(2) Rorty Richard , Contingency , Irony and Solidarity , Cambridge University press , UK , First published , 1989 , P 78 . 

ىهو

مهفلا

يذلا

اىلعجٌ

زبتعو

لصفلا

لولأا

يذلا

اوزشأ

هٍف

ىلإ

تٍتامغازبلا

عم

لٍصفت

مهأ

اهبواىج

لاخدم

اسٍئر

مهفل

غازبىٍو

118 Sidney Hook

( Sandwiches )

(1) (2) Mendieta Edwardo , Interviews with Richard Rorty , P 149 .

119 John Pettegrew Intellectuel Bricoleur We Deweyans (1) Ibid , P 34 .

(1)Pettegrew John , A pragmatist’s progress , Richard Rorty and America intellectual

120

( For

Deweyan pragmatists like me)

: Overcoming the Tradition :

Heidegger and Dewey Dewey’s Metaphisics

(2) Rorty Richard , Philosophy and Social hope , P 17.

(3) Ibid , P 15 .

122

Ⅲ

1889

1951

Ludwing Wittgenstein

123

Tractatus logico philosophicus

What we cannot Speak of , we must be Silent about

(1) Rorty Richard , Philosophy as cultural politics , P 161 .

(2) Anscombe ,G.E.M , An Introduction to Wittgenstein Philosophy , University of Chicago Press , 2 Edition , 1979 , P 18 .

124

Langage Games

(1) Rorty Richard , Conséquences du pragmatisme , P 102 . (2) Ibid , P 98 .

(3) Ibid , P 52 .

125

( The meaning is the Use )

Alan Malachowski

(1) Rorty Richard , Conséquences du pragmatisme , P 111 . (2) Malachowski Alan , Richard Rorty , P 95 .

126

Ⅳ

-1889

1976

Martin Heidgger Jacques Derrida

(1) Rorty Richard , Philosophy and Social hope , P 12 .

(2) Rorty Richard , Essais sur Heidegger et autre écrits , PUF, Paris , 1 édition , 1995 , P 84 .

127

1900

2002

Hans George Gadamer

Being and Time

Simon Critchley

Continental philosophy

(1) Hottoi Gilbert , De la Renaissance a la Postmodernité , P 338 .

(2) Rorty Richard , Essais sur Heidegger et autre écrits , P 3 .

(3) Gritchley Simon , Continental philosophy , Oxford University press , UK , First publishing , 2007 , P 14 .

128

(1) Mendieta Edwardo , Interviews with Richard Rorty , P 19 . (2) Ibid , P 21 .

129

ثــــــناـــــــثنا مصفنا

131

Ⅰ

132

Philosophy

133

(1) Rorty Richard , Linguistic turn , P 01 .

134

Philosophy

philosophy

Self – Creation

C.Darwin

S.Freud

(1) Rorty Richard , Conséquences du Pragmatisme , P 16 . (2) Rorty Richard , L’homme spéculaire , P 13 .

(3)

تعبطم

ةأشىم

فراعملا

،

لا

135

Ⅱ

(1) Rorty Richard , Philosophy as Cultural politics , P 133 .

(2) (3) Calder Gideon , Rorty and Redescription , Edition of Weidenfeld and Nicolson , London , First published , 2003 , P 03 .

136

Metaphilosophy

The philosophy of philosophy

( Post Philosophy )

(1) Ted Horderich , The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, P 589 .

(2) Cometti Jean Pierre , La philosophie sans privilège , in , lire Rorty , Le pragmatisme

et Ses conséquence , Edition de Lechat , France , 1992 , P 10 .

(3) Herman j , Seatkamp jr , Rorty and pragmatism , The philosophy responds to his

critics ,(introduction) , Vanderbilt University press , Nashville and London , First edition ,

137

Paradigm

(1)

138

Hemingway

Proust

Hitler

Marx

(2) Rorty Richard, Conséquences du Pragmatisme , P P 58 , 59 . (1) Ibid , P 58 .

139

Philosophy and Social Hope

The Apotheosis of the future

140

1809

1882

Charles Darwin

1878

1958

John B . Watson

Ⅰ

Malachowski

(1) Rorty Richard , L’espoir au Lieu du Savoir : Introduction au Pragmatisme , P 51 . (2) Mendieta Edwardo , Interviews with Richard Rorty , P 125 .

141

142

143

Philosophy and Future

(2) Ibid , P 55 .

(3) Rorty Richard, Philosophy and Social hope , P 19 .

144

Ⅱ

145

(1) Rorty Richard , L’homme spéculaire , P 14 .

146

147

148

(2) Hardwich Richard and Donald Crosky , Pragmatism , Neo – Pragmatism and

Religion , Peter Lang edition , New York , 1 edition , P 199 .

(1) Ibid , P 295 .

149

150

151

Lalande

The paradigm

(1) Rorty Richard , L’homme spéculaire , P 24 .

(2) 09

152

(1) Rorty Richard , L’homme spéculaire , P 13 . (2) Ibid .

153

James Kloppenberg

Gadamer

Apel

Habermas

(2) Kloppenberg James , Pragmatism : Old Name , New thinking , in , A pragmatist’s

progress , Richard Rorty and American intellectual History , P 27 .

(3) Rorty Richard , Metaphilosophical Difficulties of Linguistic philosophy , in , The

154

Truth and

Method

Bildung

(1) Rorty Richard , L’homme spéculaire , P P 379 , 393 .

(2) Gadamer Hans – George , Vérité et Méthode , Les grandes lignes d’un

herméneutique philosophique , Edition intégrale revue et complétée par pierre Fruchon –

Jean Grondin et Gilbert Merlio , Paris , Edition du Seuil , 1996 , P 118 .

(1) 1998 05

155

Hermeneutic

(2) 2008 257

156

Kuhn

Edification

Bildung

(1) Ibid , P 14 . (2) Ibid, P 389 . (3) Ibid , P 20 .

157

(1) Rorty Richard , Truth and progress, Cambridge University press , USA , 2 published , 1999 , P 03 .

(2) 2009

158

Ⅱ

Truth and Progress

(1) Rorty Richard , L’espoir au lieu du Savoir , introduction au pragmatisme , P 59 . (2) Ibid , P 36 .

(3) 283

159

(1) Rorty Richard , Truth and Progress , P 02 . (2) Ibid , P 19 .

161

Donald Davidson

Ⅰ

1

Alpinist

(1) Rorty Richard , Conséquences du Pragmatisme , P 303 . (2) Rorty Richard , Truth and Progress , P 03 .

162

(1) Rorty Richard , L’homme spéculaire , P 187 . (2) Ibid , P 405 .

163 (1) Ibid , P 413 . (2) Ibid, P 396 . (3) 107

164

165

2

(

Analytic and Continental Philosophy)

(2) Ibid , P 294 .

166

Ted Horderich

Mutuel exclusion

(2) Ted Horderich , The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, P 170 .

(1) Critchley Simon , Continental Philosophy , P 14 . (2) Ibid , P 13.

167

Alan Malachowski

(4) Mendieta Edwardo , Interviews with Richard Rorty , P 20. (5)Ibid , P 23.

(6)Malachowski Alan , Richard Rorty , P 12 .

(1) Rorty Richard , Philosophy as Cultural Politics , P 121 . (2) Rorty Richard , Conséquences du Pragmatisme , P 400 .

168

(3) Kloppenberg James , Pragmatism : old Name , New thinking ? , in , Apragmatist’s

progress , Richard Rorty and American intellectual History , P 27 .

(4) Rorty Richard , Conséquences du Pragmatisme , P 397 . (5) Critchley Simon , Continental Philosophy , P 55 .

(1) Mendieta Edwardo , Interviews with Richard Rorty , P 20. (2) Malachowski Alan , Richard Rorty , P 184 .

169

Ⅱ

1



1846

1924

Bradley

(3) Rorty Richard , Conséquences du Pragmatisme , P 397 . (4) Ibid , P 404 .

170

T. S . Eliot

(1) 1 1996 153

171

(2) Rorty Richard , Essais sur Heidegger et autre écrits , P 58 .

(3) 2

2001 58

172

(1) Ibid , P 66 .

(2) Hall David , Richard Rorty , prophet and poet of the New pragmatism , P 87 . (3) Rorty Richard , Philosophy as Cultural Politics , P 27 .

(4) Grippe Edward , Richard Rorty’s New pragmatism : neither liberal nor Free , P 95 . (5) Rorty Richard , Philosophy as Cultural Politics , P 28 .

173

1821

1867

Baudelaire

(1) Ibid , P 135 .

(2) Rorty Richard , L’homme spéculaire , P 396 .

(3) 1

2004 11

174

2

(1) 1 2005 20

(2) Rorty Richard , L’homme spéculaire , P 14 .

175

(1) Dumoulie Camille , Littérature et Philosophie , Armand Colin , Paris , 1 Edition , 2002 ,

P 05 .

176

(1) Gray Martin , A Dictionary of Literary Terms , Longman York Press , Beirut , 2 Edition , 1988 , P141 .

177

Milan Kunder

Paradise of Individuals

Sequence of Discoveries

(1) Rorty Richard , Essais sur Heidegger et autre écrits , P 119 .

(2) Kweik Mark , elective Affinities , Richard Rorty and post modern thought 1996 , P 162 .

178

Charles Dickens

George Orwell

Animal Farm

Neal Stephenson

Snow Crach

(1) Rorty Richard , Essais sur Heidegger et autre écrits , P 110.

(2) Rajchman John , philosophy in America , In , Post Analytic Philosophy , P ⅩⅩ. (3) Rorty Richard , Achieving our country , P 04 .

179

Marmon Silko

Almanec of Death

Theodore Dreiser

American Tragidy

 

1- Essais sur Heidegger et Autre écrit. 2- Contingency , Irony and Solidarity . 3- Achieving our Contry.

180

181

Eric Gillo

John Searl

(1) Grillo Eric , La philosophie du langage , Edition du Seuil , France , 1997 , P P 4 , 5 . (2) Searl John , Les actes de langage , Essai de philosophie du langage , préface : Oswald Ducrot , Edition Hermann , Paris , 1996 , P 38 .

182

Katz

(3) Katz Jerrold , La philosophie du langage , Tr : Janick gazio , Payot , Paris , 1971 , P P 15 , 16 . (1) ٕاذ٣ص دٞٔؾٓ ٢ٜٔك ، ٍف حفسهف حغهنا ، ساد خضُٜ٘ا خ٤ثشؼُا ، دٝش٤ث ، 1985 ، ص 05 .

183

Edward Sapir

(2) Sapir Edward, Le Langage , Tr : S : M. Guillemin , Payot , Paris , 1967 , P 07 . (1) Rorty Richard , Linguistic turn , P 03 .

184

David Hall

(1) Rorty Richard , Contingency , Irony and Solidarity , P P 5 , 6.

185

( Games )

(

Family ressemblances)

( The meaning is the use )

(1) Wittgenstein Ludwing, investigations philosophiques, Tr :Pierre Klossowski, éditions Gallimard (F.R.C), 1961, 1 partie , paragraphe N432. P 257.

186

1908

2000

Willard Van Orman Quine

(3) Hottoi Gilbert , De la Renaissance a la Postmodernité : Une Histoire de la

Philosophie Moderne et Contemporaine , P 476 .

(4)Rorty Richard , Contingency , Irony and Solidarity , P 41 . (1) Rorty Richard , Conséquences du Pragmatisme , P 35 . (2) Rorty Richard , Essais sur Heidegger et autre écrits , P 82. (3) Rorty Richard , L’espoir au lieu du Savoir , P 40 .

187

1912

1989

Wilfrid Sellars

1917

2003

Donald Davidson

Ⅱ

 (4) Ibid., P P 58 , 59 .

(5) Rorty Richard , Philosophy as Cultural Politics , P 133 . (1) Rorty Richard , Conséquences du Pragmatisme , P P 21 , 22 .



Experience and Nature Art as Experience

188 (1) ذٔؾٓ ، حفسهف جشثخنا ، ٌىج ٌىَد اجرىًَ ، ص 12 . (2) 2 37

189

190

I . Mordoch

(1) Rorty Richard , L’espoir au lieu du Savoir , P 77 .

(1) 1998

191

Ⅰ

R . Descartes

R . Carnap

(2) Rorty Richard , Essais sur Heidegger et autre écrits , P 06.

192

Samuel Guttemplan

(2) Voix Louis , L’empirisme Logique , P.U.F , Paris , 1970 , P 46 .

(3) 30

(1) Rorty Richard , Conséquences du Pragmatisme , P 29 .

(2) Guttemplan Samuel , The Language of Logic , Black Well Publishers , UK , Second Edition , 2002 , P 37 .

193

Philipe Ducat

194

195

Ⅱ

(1) Ibid , P 201 .

196

Paul Ricœur

Harold Bloom

Geoffrey Hartman

Michel

Foucault

Jacques Derrida

1930

2004

(1) Ibid., P 267 .

197

198

(2) Shusterman Richard , Practicing Philosophy : Pragmatism and the Philosophical

Life , Routledje Edition , New York and London , First Edition , 1979 , P 02 .

(1) 2003 205

199

Verbalism

(2) 2 2004 11

200

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