• Aucun résultat trouvé

Image classification using Markov random fields with two new relaxation methods : deterministic pseudo annealing and modified metropolis dynamics

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "Image classification using Markov random fields with two new relaxation methods : deterministic pseudo annealing and modified metropolis dynamics"

Copied!
21
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)Image classification using Markov random fields with two new relaxation methods : deterministic pseudo annealing and modified metropolis dynamics Zoltan Kato, Josiane Zerubia, Marc Berthod, Jean-Paul Stromboni. To cite this version: Zoltan Kato, Josiane Zerubia, Marc Berthod, Jean-Paul Stromboni. Image classification using Markov random fields with two new relaxation methods : deterministic pseudo annealing and modified metropolis dynamics. [Research Report] RR-1606, INRIA. 1992. �inria-00074954�. HAL Id: inria-00074954 https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00074954 Submitted on 24 May 2006. HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés..

(2) `badcecfhgji0kmlen `onqp-rnBg-p-rn. sut"vxwdy&w 

(3) 

(4)   .  !". [z {|}e{e~;€ ‚ ƒ „[†J„ˆ‡7‰Še‹€ŒeŽ9‘’JŒ“Œd‡“”•‰—–j‰„&˜. ™]š  › œ‘ž Ÿ¡ ¢› £ £™]¤m™&Ÿ¥›“¦§™&¨ª© « £™]© œ š ›­¬‘® ¨¡¯ ¬ ›°© ± ¨ªš ¤m™]ž  E± £ ² ™q¦§³ ¦§² ¨ © žu² ¬‘ž  ¢›‘´‘›“¦§™&¨ª© š žµ¦µ³ ¨ª± £·¶?± žµ¦§ž ¬‘š ™]© ™&£¦§™dŸ ¸¹£ºž « ± ¨ ›°© © ž“›° E™B© œ ›°© ± š ¨¼» ± ™]¤o™]ž ± š žµ¦§¬ ¨ª¸¹¨ª E™&£ ±°½‘© ›°š ™&Ÿ¾£. $#&%('()*'(+',-'()/.0#&,-1 23  35476&39874:6;3 3 #<=#>?. 8(@ ,0'()/AB+ 3 3 ' 3 #<+'7. @ ,-'()/AB+ 3 C .-D 6 )/,E#B'()*DF.01*)/% GHIJH!K5LNM LPOBQ0OKRS,-1*TU.-## 3  3V239W X 8 ,-# 4V3  3  1$HZY[MN\EO]Q_^P^_^P^. ¿UÀ-Á*Â7Ã-ÄbÅÇÆeÈÉ·ÊÌËPÀPÍ(Î/Ã-Ä&ÏÇ¿FÐÑÒÓÔÆ Õ“Ã-Ö7וÓÐÑ[ÈØÇÉÙ. ÚÀÜÛBÏÞÝàßÖ7Ïàá5âPâá.

(5) .    

(6)

(7)   

(8)    "! #$%  &' ( %

(9) *)+ , -). /) " 01   /,2%

(10) 3 4 5657 

(11) 8:9.

(12) 8"% ;:5  %  %<(%  /6=> 

(13) ?4 @ 

(14). AB 

(15) 

(16) C  E % DF   G HDI% %"

(17) *,  >J

(18) ?%  K5! (!L"  % "0 !"  "

(19) M 5N ,%(

(20) *% =( C0O E3 9.

(21) 8"%CPQ#R(  S%T5N 6/ 

(22) 86 / 4 @U V1 %W  56>E 

(23) * %$5N  XZY\[^]`_ba1c5_b]IYedef\YhgIij_balkCXZk monlplij_qder_smFt/uk mo]IvlYew xzy|{|x~}(dQhY€lvli‚_sƒ„} al]Ii^€lY\[^i‚g †‡\‡bˆ {7Y\nl]ok‰wŠk‹g|ŒnZtiŽY[Žk‹g ‡\\C‘ _s[^plY\alalk(’ZmF_saZtk “8k [•”—––™˜7š\–  ›œCH› ’_sžU”—––™˜š–  ›Lˆ – f\k‹_balƒ„Ÿ _bnl[ h]omoY\¡LplY\ali ¢ aliŽ£hk m`g¤i^]l/¥k wŠk(y ijtkLhY€lvlij_bƒ„}aŠ]oiŽ€QY\[^ijg Œ-_spQY\mF_s]oY\i^mIkhiŽ¦aZ_snlž k ]‰h§qg¤]©k ¨ ¡Lk‹gªde¢ { }¬«©– ›s­ y {®Zd ˆ «dQuY\nl[^k £_smFw¯y _s€°Y[ ¥k YaKx`x¤xFd ‡‡sˆ «"y ijtk(’Zm`_baZtk.

(24)  

(25)   !#"%$&'()!*!(+$-,.)!/0 1 ),2)#34(0526( #7+89!)!):*03<;=*!6 >?, @A9(#/BB(CED8;FAHG  I>KJL,?>MON #>PJL!)),2 ,2/BB89QM :<034RDJSJT8GUV,2W>M!<,X>?,E:YC2L34/Z*)ON%3!),2P6)B(CXEJS)[M, \ ]+ >M,2:_^` /Z>a:<,?>M /Bb#),2`cd^%,Y)(EN )*e/BC2,)B)(:fDg8;%AHG"h)(XK ,2* ),2)(),2i i(B/BBQP,jk  (WB\2U/0iI!/BCelC2!!W/Bb! >m),L34,2()BM6(,26(/ZiI!/BC cUn&U:<!)Bojp6 34)B,2E)(6H>MN ( >SIH)( W:<+:Y#1?B:YH6( >?!-34,2())WB()=QMB!/0>MB(Cq(),2i i(B/BrQq\s#3),) c`t- CB(Cq)(!*o34,2())WB()u34,2(\41(vjwQ U:<!)Bojw6( 3B,2xc9n&(k/BC,2)B)(:y),2/B\sl)(Bl6( :'i(BC2,26(o:Y#1(:<Bb#),2T(),2i(/B!:z >L!S)W234[M >M,2$&S)(Y*,/B6()B,2E$&/BY)(<,2)C2B /-3,2())W)H)Y)!)),2)#>TQsB!/0>MB(CE.C2,s,(>!\M!SOj+)6i ,2B:Y/ ),2/6B,2{),e)(<,2)C2B /u/0iI!/BCT)*C2(:!MH(),2i(/B!:Lc<Aoljw,2H)(<)#3,I>:<!)(,?>|DJSJT8G"xBH< :<,?>MON #>L\s ))B,R,ju)(<Jm!)),2I,/BBo /BC2,2)):L7-o#234R)!W)B,T)(U( $}**)UBo34(,2) mW >M,2:</BQ i(6(+H>?#34B)B,2.),Y23!3!(-B-+6()!/BQ.>M!)!):))03c~n&(B+B-,j34,26())U/B),<q)6i,2():Y/%)#34(0526 $&(034mC2\M!hj))!o) )6(/B)o) S)),?3 ))03o) /Z#1 B,2xc€n&!)U)$,:<!)(,?>?o \2liI!!T:</ :<!M)#> ,mqt-,(#3B,2eJT3(B(+t&JS‚' >k*:<6/Z)B,Y)!)6/)-)o*(, $&Y$€B)eH)QM()( 03h(,2B)Q:YC2HI> <ƒ(;u„n}B:YC2 c~n&(!*H) )6(/B)o )U3,:<I)#>R),<)(,2)l,2i(W#>R$&BR)(UJm ),2I,2/Bo/C2,2)B:L"?)( †ii(+W:</!o >Rt&J‡D W >.t-,2 >?)B,2 /`Jm,?>?#G!c ˆŠ‹ ‰ Œ~Ž‹ ‰ 8(l34UW(I,2)#"%(,26(oI!) s),2(o>?!6M1S:a! )(,?>?!H>M')!/0#1),2`7€6(E;) 6 >M,@r]&#346H>M  ):<?@ *'D8;IAHG= -6((o8oQsI :<05 6(H>?oJm!)),2,2/Bu:<,(>MON  oDJSJT8G- (/BZ5 69! qH /0l3/Z)*vN3!B,2m>‘ :YC2 S  /g‘ Z>?m>M 34I:<(k>MLJS)[M, \c;,26(k/Be()!:<B!/BC2,2))(:<ED8;FAG!"x/ZS),2i i(B/BIm SI,2))!)B,) >‘ 6(’! )Z5 6( *C2o>‘ !*WF!*-Cu! h! W/B! <H 6(Š! )0526!WCo3,)M6`c`“xUjp,2 3B,2e>?l:a  ))l B(*F>&4 N  (I!) M/ -:E!” :< -:Y#1(:Yq*,6&>?!o34,2M)W BM)!&3,2 >M64 M&6M1.\M#34)!6)->Ml(),2iI i/BB s c`“xk:<,?> @ vN3!B,2{>Mk3!U34,2()WM)!+I!):<!U>MU)  >M)Y34,2(\ 41?l/0jw,I34),2>M<:a  )) cl“u‘ /BC2,)B)(:<<)!),26I>  /B,2)U34Y(),2i(/ ! :<'(,2M@r:<i(BC26E>?Y:Y#1?B:<4B,2!H)#3(!W3*('/Zm),2/B6()B,{/B,)U5 6(</ k34,2()W )! ,)BC2B(!/B/B!U),2(l)!)W6(I!!<34R526-3,I>M6(BLR 6((YiI,2(Y),2/B6(),2Vi(B!K5 6(Y),26r@g,2()B:Y /B cL;,26(l/Z >M!6?1?! :<l:a! )(,s>?YDJSJS8G!"%3‘ !)o6(U\s)0 M)U>M'/‘ /BC,2)B)(:<k>?kJm!)),2I,2/B#7'< 3* 25 6(UB(  W )B,2x" /l(,26\s /+! W-!)93(,2B)I/ # ,2B)!:< Mh:YB-/0k C/Bl>‘ 3 34! 93!.! W - )9>+   ):<*) c`•hB!m 6(” #" 3‘ !)-6(o:a! )(,s>?o),26r@g,2()B:Y /Bl526I )-(/B6(€W(0>Mo5 6(o/B!€)#34(0526( u)),?34I))Z5 6(! c`“ &>?!6M1e/v@ C,2)B)(:<!u*,2(`:<u –H6\s)€)6/0H:Y3(B(l+ 3,2((1?B,2(-t&JS‚H!=)!* ! `)6u6((+B:YC2-*Qs&! )Z5 6( !o)6(o6(UB:YC2kƒ(;u„onqc%—+,26(o/B!o\2,2(o34,2:<I I kk /‘ /C2,2)B)(:<k>?kJm!)),2I,2/B#" /g‘)  3* 2)B//B,2(!6( >MU†Bi(i(+ &/g‘ t&J‡D)!W >.t-,2 >?)B,2 /`Jm,(>M#G!c ˜|™ šœ›ž=Ÿs h¡ ¢)£E¤s¥(¦m§&¨g¤?©©)ª0«=¬¤s­Wªp®?¯u°F±²¤M³´ ®sµE¶'¤s¯`·I®(£¹¸ªp¦ ¨·F©°F¶l¦ ¨¤ ºF¤M­*ªw®?¯P¤ ¨p¥(®?³Wªp­»£E©¼ ½¾`¿ ¡{ÀRÁw™IÂ*¡ §€¨g¤?©©)ªÃ«~¬¤s­Wªp®?¯V·Ä ªp£E¤M¥?¦°~§9»x¤M£SÅ`©'·%¦.±²¤M³4´®sµ~° ÆU¨p¥(®?³Wªp­»£S¦ ©'·%¦³¦ ¨¤2ºx¤s­Wªp®(¯¼.

(26) .

(27)   .  ¿ Ÿ2=  ?¿p  ! I™ ¿™%Ÿ#"$  g¡ ¿%'&.¡ ™( u()+* , ™.-`Á% 0/ ¼21 3&³®#4x¤54IªÃ¨0ª©W­Wª¬±K®%·%¦#¨Ãª76 ¤s­*ªw®?¯988:8;88:88;8:8888:88;8:88:8;88:8;88:88;8:8:8 ¼ §9»x¤M¯F¥sªp¯F¥S­4»F¦:&3 ³®#I4 ¨p¦£ ­4®SÆkÅÅF³®sºIªp£E¤s­¦#¨>=@(? ®M¨pµI¦Uªp­A88;8:88;8:88:8;88:8;8:88.   < B. ½¾- 2D&™%  ½¾™I¿2Ÿ20E&=Á%g¡ ! š  -"FG¡ H %2¼ 1 IH»¦R±K®%·I¦ ¨J88;8:88:8;88:8;88:8888:88;8:88;8:88:8;88:88;8:8888:88;8 K %¼ IH»¦R¤2¨w¥?®(³Wªp­4»FL £ 8;8:88:8;88:88;8:88;8:88:8;8:88;8:88:8;88:88;8:88;8:88:8;8L1NM C. O P "QÁ>-F¿p  Ÿ2™%¡5Áp¿ ¡ ( R ¼21 ¢)£SÅ%¨p¦£S¦¯F­!¤M­*ªp®(¯®(¯K¤§9®?¯F¯¦ ¬#­Wªp®(¯K±²¤(¬#»%ªp¯F¦R§± 8;8:88:8;88:88;8:88;8:88:8S1#1 R ¼ §9®?£SÅ`¤s³Wª©W®(¯UT ªw­4»|®?­»¦³l£S¦­4»F®F·F© 8:88;8:88:8;88:8;88:8888:88;8:88;8:88L1V1 R ¼W &X µ(¤ ¨7xY ¤M­*ªw®?¯®59Z ­4»F¦Å`¦³[Z ®?³£E¤M¯x¬ ¦2©\88:88;8:88;8:88:8;8:88:8;88:8;88:88;8:88]1^B . _. À.  ÁP¡`w . ba.

(28)     . . R. 

(29)  + :. ± ¤s³´ ®MµE¶U¤M¯x·%®?£ ¸ªp¦ ¨·F© )±²¶'¸»x¤ µ(¦4`¦ ¬#®(£S¦.£S®(³¦m¤s¯`·£S®(³4¦RÅ`®(Å YI¨¤M³<· Y³Wªp¯F¥E­4»F¦Y¨¤(©W­ Zg¦NT ² = ¦ ¤s³ © Zg®(³'£E¤s¯ =T¨p®VTg¨p¦µ¦#¨u­ ¤?©W´©Hªw¯P¬#®(£SÅbYF­4¦³'µ(ªg©)ªp®(¯¼qƞ¥(® ®%·|³4¦ ¤?©4®?¯UZg®(³'­4»`¤M­'ª©U­4»`¤s­<© Y`¬#»V¤ £S®I·%¦ ¨07ª 6 ¤s­Wªp®?¯²ª©k­4»F¦m®(¯¦ Tq»Iª¬ »V³¦  YIªw³4¦ ©k­4»F¦R¨p¦ ©©¤EÅF³*ªw®?³Wªhªp¯ Z®?³£E¤M­*ªp®(¯P®(¯P­»¦ Tq®(³W¨·|£S®%·I¦ ¨)¼ Æ<©&¤£E¤s­­4¦³€5® Z Z¤?¬ ­°s­»¦k©)ªp£SÅ%¨p¦ ©W­+©W­!¤M­*ªg©W­*ª¬¤2¨F£S®x·I¦ ¨ Zg®(³+¤M¯Lªp£E¤s¥(¦q¬ ®?¯`©)ª©W­ ©h5® Z­4»F¦Hų#® 4x5¤ 4%ª0¨0ªp­Wªp¦ © ®^Z¬!¨g¤?©©W¦ ©°~®?³k¥?³¦ =¨w¦µI¦#¨© Z®?³qªg©W®s¨g¤s­¦2·|Å%ª0º¦#¨©¼ IH»¦R´I¯#® TH¨p¦2·%¥(¦®(¯V­4»F¦m·I¦Å`¦¯`·I¦¯x¬ ªp¦ © 4¦[­ T¦¦¯ ¯¦ ¤s+³ 4 =eÅ%ª0º¦#¨g©&ªg©H£ Y`¬!»T£L®(³¦Å`#® T9¦³ Z%Y%¨)°%¤M¯x·Lªw£SÅ`®©W¦ © ZgN¦ T ¬#®(¯`©W­4³ ¤2ªw¯­ ©¼h¢)¯{: ¤ T'`¤ =(°Mªp­ªg©· ª X¬ YI¨w­ ­4®a¬ ®?¯`¬#¦ ªpµI¦E¤K£S®(³¦¥?¦¯¦³ ¤2¨l£S®%·I¦ ¨)°&¦µI¦¯aª Zqªp­.ªg©.¯F®(­e¦2¤(© =’­4®a·%¦­¦³£mªp¯F¦{­»¦Xµ?¤ 7¨ YF¦2©5® Z'­4»F¦ Åx¤M³!¤M£S¦­¦³ © Tq»Iªg¬#» ©WÅ=¦ ¬!ª Z =œ¤ ±²¶U¸H¼Æ'¯F®(­4»F¦³E¥(®%®%· ³¦ ¤?©W®(¯ ª©^® ZS¬##® Y³ ©W¦P­» ¦ k¤M£L£S¦³ ©)¨p¦ = §€¨Ãª ®?³ · ­»¦®?³¦£K°h³¦Å®?³­4¦ · Zg®(³e¦#ºx¤M£LÅ%¨p¦Lªp! ¯ 1 #" ° Tl»%ª¬!»Š¬ ®?¯`©)ª·%¦³ ^¤ 4%7¨ = ¦2¤(©W¦2·°€¤?©m©W­4³¦2©©4¦2·²ªp¯ 1 " °­4»F¦K·%¦­¦³£mªp¯`¤s­Wªp®(¯ ^® Z­4»F¦2©W¦|Åx¤M³!¤M£S¦­¦³ ©° 4 =}¤ ¨0¨p#® Tªw¯¥P­4® ©WÅ`¦2¬ ª Z = ­»F¦{£S®%·I¦ ¨<¦#ªp­»¦³ 4b= ¬#®(¯x· ªp­Wªp®?¯`¤ ¨u®?%³ $*®Mªp¯F­ÅF³4#® 4x5¤ 4%ª0¨0ªp­Wªp¦ ©¼ ±²¤M¯ =}©W­!¤M¯`·¤M³!· ¬#®(£SbÅ YF­4¦³eµª©)ªp®(¯ŠÅF³4#® 4I¨w¦£E©°©WÅ`¦2¬ ª0«=¬¤ ¨07¨ = ¦2¤M³*>¨ =’µ(ªg©)ªp®(¯ ®(¯¦ ©e© Y`¬!» ¤(©Yªp& £  ¤s¥(¦.¬ ¨¤(©©)ª0«~¬¤M­*ªp®(' ¯ )( " °F¬¤M¯{­» Y`© 4¦k¦#ºÅ³¦ ©©W¦2* · #Y%ªp­¦¯`¤s+­ Y³ ¤ ¨07¨ ={¤?©q¬ ®?£ 4%ªp¯`¤s­®?³Wª¤ ¨®?ÅF­*ªw£m7ª 62¤M­*ªw®?¯ ųV® 4%¨p¦£E©, ¼ +qªw³4¦ ¬#­<®(ÅF­*ªp£m>ª 62¤M­*ªp®(¯Vªg©¯®(­<­³!¤(¬#­ ^¤ 4%¨p¦m¦µI¦¯|ªp¯a­4»F¦E©W£E¤ ¨0¨w¦2©W­Y¬¤?©W¦ ©¼e±²¤s¯ ={»N¦ Y³Wª-©  ­*ª¬©»`¤sµ(¦ 4`¦¦¯’ÅF³®?Å`® ©W¦2·a­®V©W®M¨pµI¦m­4»F¦/ £ .Y¢*­4¦³!¤M­4¦ · §9®(¯x· ªp­Wªp®?¯`¤ ¨H±K®F·%¦20 © 21° 1`< " %° 3'³!¤(· Y`¤M­4¦2· 4q®(5¯ W§9®?¯Fµ(¦ º ªpP­ =' B  ° 1NK " °±K¦ ¤s¯P¸ªw¦#¨·²Æk¯¯F¦2¤ ¨0ªp¯F6 ¥ 1#1?° 1 " : ¼ ?Mªw£ YI¨¤M­4¦ ·XÆ'¯F¯F¦2¤ ¨0ªp¯F7 ¥ 1 ° 15B° 1( " ° + =I¯x¤M£mª ¬ 3+³4®(¥?³ ¤M£S£eªw¯8 ¥ K " 8 8N8 ¼ 9}¦Rų®(Å`®©W¦T»F¦³¦m­ T9®{µ(¤s³Wª¤M­*ªp®(¯`©q®(¯}¤M¯¯F¦ ¤2¨0ªw¯¥x¼ I»F¦L«x³ ©W­Y¤MÅÅF³®¤(¬#»u° Tl»%ª¬ ' » Tq¦.ÅF³®?Å®©W¦ ­4®|¬¤2¨Ã:¨ +'¦­4¦³4£mªp¯%ª©W­Wª¬ 3o©W¦ Y`·I®{Æk¯¯F¦2¤ ¨0ªp¯F6 ¥ ;+;3u< Æ 9ª©Uªw¯x·%¦¦ ·V³¦#¨g¤s­¦2·²­4®|¶q¦#¨¤ ºx¤s­*ªw®?> ¯ =u^¤ 4`¦ ¨0ªw¯¥x° ¤ #Y%ªp­¦Å`®?Å YI¨g¤s³ Zg³ ¤s£SN¦ Tl®(³´ Z®?³S¤Kµ ¤M³*ªw¦P­ =’^® Z<¬ ®?£SÅ Y­¦³mµ(ªg©)ªp®?¯ ų#® 4I¨p¦£E? 6 © 21NM° 1 R ° M " ¼ IH»¦ 4x¤(©)ª¬|ªg·I¦ ¤’ª©T­4®Šªp¯F­4³®· Yx¬ $ ¦ Tq¦#ªw¥?»­¦2· ¨5¤ 4`¦#¨Ãªp¯F¥©° Tq»Iªg¬#» ¤?©©)ªw¥?¯ ¤ Tq¦#ªw¥?»­4¦ · ¬#®(£ 4Iªw¯x¤M­*ªw®?¯ 5® Z ¨^¤ 4`¦ ¨©k­4®²¤M¯ ={#® 4@$W¦2¬ ­°~®(³e©)ªp­4¦°~­4@ ® 4`¦R¨5¤ 4=¦ ¨p¦ ·=°¤M¯x·²­4»F¦¯a­4® 4bY%ª0¨g·P¤E£S¦³Wªp­ Z%YF¯`¬#­Wªp®?¯a^® Zl¤ ¨0¨+­»¦ Tl¦ ªp¥(»I­4¦ ·|¨g^¤ 4`¦ ¨©Yªp¯Š© Yx¬ »’@ ¤ T'`¤ =²¤(©­4»%ª©R£S¦³Wªp­ Z%YF¯`¬#­*ªw®?¯ ­!¤M´I¦2©k­4»F¦µ(¤2>¨ Y¦ ©5® Zl­4»F¦Tų#® 4x5¤ 4IªÃ¨0ªp+­ = ^® Z¤S¥s¨wV® 4`¤2¨+¤(©©)ªp¥(¯£S¦¯I­l5® Z€¨g^¤ 4`¦ ¨ © PYFÅV­4®T¤S£S®(¯®(­4®(¯%ª¬Y­4³ ¤s¯`© Zg®(³ £  Z®?³<¤M¯ = Tq¦#ªp¥(»I­¦2·L¨g^¤ 4=¦ ¨0ªw¯¥ Tl»%ª¬ » ¤(©©)ªp¥?¯`©m­4»F¦|µ?¤ 7¨ YF$ ¦ 1X­®a®(¯F¦¨5¤ 4`¦#¨<¤s¯`· MP­4®’­4»F¦{®(­4»F¦³!©S¤M­T¤M¯ =}©)ªp­¦(B ¼ Ao¦2©)ªg·I¦ ©°9­4»F¦2©W¦ µ ¤2>¨ Y¦ ©q¤s³¦R­4»F¦R®?¯%7¨ ={¦ º%­³4¦£E¤S^® Z9­4»%ª© Z%YF¯x¬ ­*ªw®?¯u° YF¯`·I¦³<© YIªw­!5¤ 4I¨w¦m¬#®(¯x©W­³!¤ ªp¯I­ ©¼ +;3=Æ ¬ ®?¯`©)ª©W­ ©q5® Z ¬#»`¤s¯F¥sªw¯¥­4»F¦¬#®(¯x©W­³ ¤2ªp¯F­!©&©W®L¤(©&­®L¬#®(¯µM¦ º 2ª Z%=m­4»%ª© Z%YF¯x¬ ­*ªp®(¯u°s«`¯x·Lªw­!© Y¯%Cª  Y¦U¥M¨p#® 4x¤ ¨£E¤2ºIªp£ YF£K° ¤s¯`·L­4»F¦¯T­4³ ¤(¬#´e·%#® Tl¯L­4»F¦q©W®M7¨ YF­*ªp®(¯.° 4 =e¤.¬ ®?¯I­Wªp¯ Y`¤s­Wªp®(¯m£S¦­»®%·.° YF¯I­*ª0¨x­4»F¦q®(³Wªp¥sªw¯x¤ ¨=¬ ®?¯`©W­4³ ¤ ªp¯F­!© ¤s³¦³¦ ©W­4®(³4¦ ·=°x¤s¯`·V¤L· ª©¬ ³¦­4¦<¨5¤ 4`¦#¨Ãªp¯¥E¬¤MU ¯ 4=¦YV® 4F­!¤ ªp¯F¦2·¼ IH»¦T©W¦2¬ ®?¯`·P¤MÅÅF³®¤(¬#> » *±²6 ± +<ªg©.¤E£S®%· ª0«x¦ ·VµI¦³ ©)ªw®?¯V5® Z­4»F¦E±K¦­4³®(Å`®s¨0ªg©¤2¨p¥(®(³*ªw­4»FD £ 21E( " . Zg®?³.¦ ¤?¬ »|ªp­¦³ ¤s­Wªp®(¯°€¤{¥s¨wV® 4`¤2¨l©W­!¤M­4¦eª©.¬ »® ©W¦¯ ¤s­³!¤M¯x·%®(F £  THªp­»}@ ¤ YF¯I2ª Zg®(³4£_· ª©W­³*>ª 4bYF­*ªw®? ¯ U¤M¯x· Zg®?³q¦ ¤?¬ »{©)ªp­¦(°%­»¦R·%¦2¬ ª©)ªp®(¯V^® Z9¤?¬¬#¦Å­Wªp¯F¥L­»¦Y¯N¦ T ©4­!¤s­¦kªg©'·%¦­¦³£mªp¯%ª©W­*ªg¬M¼ IH»¦ ©W¦R­ TH®L¯F¦ T £S¦­»®%·F©k»x¤MµM: ¦ 4`¦¦¯²ªp£SÅ%¨p¦£S¦¯­¦2·X®?¯ ¤{§9®?¯F¯¦ ¬#­Wªp®(¯’±²¤(¬#»%ªp¯F¦m§± ¤M¯x· ¬#®(£SÅx¤M³4¦ · ­®²¢!§±}°€±K¦­³4®(Å`®s¨Ãª©m¤2¨w¥?®(³*ªw­4»F£ ¤M¯xB · 3l7ª 4 4`©e©¤M£SÅI¨w¦³m®?¯Š¯F®sªg© =}© =I¯­»¦­*ª¬T·F¤s­ ¤²¤?© Tl¦ ¨0¨u¤( © ?.3HGI ªp£E¤M¥?¦ ©¼ I. J K MLN &+(OPRQA0

(30)  TSVU  KWYXZ \[. q¦³¦#ªp¯u° Tq¦¤M³4¦Yªw¯I­4¦³4¦ ©W­4¦ · Tªw­4»|­4»F¦Zg®M¨0¨w®VTHªp¯F¥e¥(¦¯F¦³ ¤2¨hų®#4I¨p¦£].T¦.¤M³¦¥MªpµI¦¯{¤S©W¦­q®^ZYF¯Iªw­!© r®(³|©)ªp­¦2©Z\^`_badc-e;1<fhgMfhi}°l¦ ¤(¬#» ®^Z Tq»%ª¬#» £E¤5= 4`¦ ¨p®(¯¥}­® ¤M¯b=Š®?¯F¦P®5Z,j ¬ ¨¤(©©W¦2©°q®?³.

(31) ;       . O    

(32). <. ¦ YIªwµ ¤2¨w¦¯­*¨>=e­ ¤s´I¦q¤M¯b=Y¨¤54=¦#¨ Zg³®(£L1'­4®\j ¼M9}¦k¤s³¦k¤2¨g©W®e¥sªwµ(¦¯¤.±²¶U¸’®?¯T­»¦ ©W¦Y¯%ªp­ ©°·%¦#«`¯F¦2· ¤?©Y`© Yx¤ ¨ 4 =P¤E¥(³!¤MÅF»°h¤s¯`·V­»¦T©W® )¬¤ ¨0¨p¦ ·P¬ ¨0ªC Y¦TÅ`®(­4¦¯F­*ªg¤2¨g©¼Y9}¦S·%¦¯F®?­¦m­»¦m¥(³ ¤sÅF»$4 =S°u¤M¯ ¦2·%¥?¦Y^® Z  4 =H cs°­4»F¦.©W¦­l5® Z€µI¦³­*ªg¬#¦ ©®?³'©)ªp­¦2©Z¬#®(¯¯F¦2¬ ­4¦ ·­®T¤m¥sªwµ(¦¯µI¦³4­¦#º8a c,4 =dcW¼ =¦­ ·I¦¯®(­4¦¤.¬ ¨0Cª  Y¦U5® ZL° ¤s¯`·K­4»F¦k©W¦­5® Zu¤ ¨0¨u¬ ¨0Cª  Y¦ ©&5® ZS¼€ÆU¨©W® c _Y .Vadc "!¼ IH»¦k¯ YF£:4`¦³ ®^Z+©*ªp­4¦ ©oªp¯V­4»F¦R¬!¨0ª #YF¦kªg©oªp­!©q·%¦¥(³¦¦ .+·%¦¥ # !°F¤M¯`·V·I¦¥ $\  _ £E¤ º&%#')(·%¦d¥ $ !¼ Æ ¥M¨pV® 4`¤ ¨q· ª©¬ ³¦­¦m¨g^¤ 4`¦ ¨0ªp¯F¥+*¾¤(©©)ªp¥(¯x©Y®?¯F¦T¨5¤ 4`¦#¨%* c  18f,* cYfU' ± <­®|¦ ¤?¬ »’©)ªw­4¦ a@cHªw> ¯ ^k¼ I»F¦T³4¦ ©W­4³Wª¬ ­*ªw®?¯ ^® Z-* ­4®K­4»F¦©)ªp­4¦ ©5® Z<¤X¥Mªpµ(¦¯Š¬!¨ÃCª #YF¦..ª©R·I¦¯®(­4¦ F · 4b=/*0%¼ IH»F¦E·%¦#«`¯%ªp­*ªw®?¯ 5® Z ­4»F¦.±²¶U¸Pªg©q¬#®(£LÅ%¨p¦­4¦ · 4 =S­4»F¦´I¯5® T¨w¦2·%¥?¦k5® Z€­»¦¬ ¨0Cª  YF¦Å`®(­4¦¯­Wª¤2¨g©12%4' 3 *©W»®(³­4»`¤s¯` · Z®?³56%73&Z8  Zg®?³k¦µ(¦³ =9qªw¯: ¤M¯x·X¦µI¦+³ =* ªp¯:;k° Tq»¦³4¦<; ª©H­4»F¦.©W¦­'^® Z&­4»F ¦ j>=y· ª©¬ ³¦­4¦<¨5¤ 4=¦ ¨0ªp¯F¥© ³¦2¬¤2¨0¨ ­4»`¤s­ j ªg©H­4»F¦¯ YF£ 4¦³l5® Z€Å`® ©©)7ª 4%¨p¦<¨^¤ 4¦#¨g©.° Tl»%ª¬ »Tª©q¤(©© Y£S¦ ·­® 4`¦Y­4»F¦.©¤M£S¦ Z®?³'¤M¯ =E©)ªp­¦ Z®?³ ©)ªp£SÅI¨Ãª¬ ªp­ =(°%¤M¯x* · i ª©H­»¦Yb¯ YF: £ 4`¦³l5® Z+©)ªw­4¦2Z©  ¼ ?A@CB. DFEHGJILKMILNCOCNQP"RSNQTVUWGYXLZ[OQNC\]K2RSNQGJ^. I»F¦m¯%ª¬ ¦R³4¦ © YI¨w­'®^Zk¤M£L£S¦³ ©)¨p¦ =W§&¨0ª =®(³ ·Xª©q­»x¤M­<­»¦RÅF³4®#4`¤^4%ª0¨0ªw­ =®^Zl¤S¥MªpµI¦¯X¨¤54`¦#¨0ªw¯¥*œ£E¤5= 4`¦e¬ ®(£LÅ YF­4¦ · YIªw­4¦Y¦2¤(©)ª0¨7= )¤(©© Y£mªw¯¥E·I¦¥§€ª©k©W£E¤2¨Ã¨)°F¤M­l£S® ©W­ ®?³ V ° 4 =8. _\#*H_,` %#')( ¦ º%c Å ba6%73  1 Tl»F¦³¦. c °%­4»F¦YÅx¤M³4­Wªp­Wªp®?¯ Z%FY ¯`¬#­*ªw®?¯u° ªg©q¤e¯F®?³£E¤2¨Ãª7 6 ªp¯¥ Z ¤?¬ ­4®(³U© `Y ¬ »­4»`¤s­<. d _ $*H_\1 32'"e 9}¦¤(©© Y£S¦Y»¦³4¦Y­4»`¤s­'­»¦R© YX¬ ªp¦¯I­lÅ`® ©)ªp­Wªpµ(ªw­ =E¬ ®?¯`· ªp­*ªw®?¯ _ $*HLf Mmª©H£S¦­¼. IH»¦ 4x¤(©)ª¬Lų®#4I¨w¦£K°Zg®(³<£S® ©W­R¤MÅFÅI¨0ªg¬¤M­*ªw®?¯`©°~ªg©­4®{«`¯x·a­4»F¦R¨g¤^4=¦ ¨0ªw¯¥* Tq»Iªg¬#»V£E¤ º ªp£mª>6¦ © _ #*!°x´ ¯F®^HT ªp¯F¥L­»x¤M­l¦ º%»`¤5xY ©W­Wªpµ(¦R©W¦2¤M³!¬!»X®^Z ¤ ¨0¨u­»¦<¨¤^`4 ¦ ¨0ªw¯¥ ©oª©q©W­³*ªg¬#­*¨> = ªp¯I­³!¤(¬#­ ¤^4%¨p¦¼ Ao¦ gZ ®(³4¦R¦ º%Å%¨¤ ªp¯%ªp¯F¥X­4»F¦R£S¦­»®x·Ul T ¦RÅF³®?Å`® ©W¦(°xªw­!©'¤ ¨p¥(®?³Wªp­»£mªg¬R³¦2¤ ¨0ª7 6 ¤s­Wªp®(¯’¤M¯x·|­»¦m­+= ÅF¦R®5Z £S®I·%¦ ¨0ª7 6 ¤s­Wªp®?¯}ªp­e¬¤M¯ 4 ¦E·%¦³*ªwµ ¦ ·UgZ ³®(£K°ªw­<ªg©.¯F¦2¬ ¦2©©¤M³+P = ­4®K¥sªwµ ¦m£S®(³¦E·%¦­ ¤2ªÃ¨©m¤^`4 ®#Y ­.­4»F¦ lT ¤= AH¤^= ¦2©)ª¤M¯{±K®%·%¦#¨0ªw¯¥ `4 ¦»`¤Mµ(¦2© H T ªp­4»V±²¤M³4´I®sµE¶U¤M¯`·I®(£¹¸ªp¦ ¨·F©¼ ¸ªw³!©W­®5+Z ¤ ¨0¨)°(ªw­ª©oªw£LÅ`®(³­!¤M¯­9­4®S¯F®?­*ªg¬#¦k­»x¤M­ Z ®?³H£L® ©W­U¤MÅFÅI¨Ãª¬¤M­*ªw®?¯`©°%­4»F¦Uªp¯ gZ ®(³£E¤s­Wªp®?¯V¤2µ(¤2ªÃ¨  ¤^%4 ¨p¦R©W­4¦£E©gZ ³®?£ ­+9T ®T· ª¦³¦¯I­U©W®#Y ³ ¬ ¦2© .+¤mųWªw®?³Wª-´I¯F®^HT ¨p¦2·%¥(¦.¤5`4 ®VFY ­l­»¦Y³4¦ ©W­4³Wª¬ ­*ªw®?¯`©q­»x¤M­U¤M³4¦ ªp£SÅ`®©W¦ ·|®?¯|­4»F¦R©)ªp£ IY ¨w­!¤M¯¦®V`Y ©+¨¤^`4 ¦ ¨0ªp¯F¥E®5+Z ¬#®(¯F¯¦ ¬#­¦2·X¯¦ ªp¥(»bF4 ®?³ FY ¯Iªw­!©°~¤s¯`·®#`4 ©W¦³µ(¤s­Wªp®?¯`©o­4»`¤s­ »x¤Mµ(¦`4 ¦¦¯|£T¤(·%¦(°.Z ®?³'¤S¥Mªpµ(¦¯|®%¬¬ FY ³4¦¯x¬ ¦®5€Z ­»¦Yų®#I4 ¨w¦£K°%®(¯V­4»F¦2©W¦Y ¯%ªp­ ©¼ HI »¦e«x³ ©W­Y©W®#Y ³ ¬ ¦mªg©'¥(¦¯F¦³*ªg¬M°h¤s¯`·V­+ = Å%ª¬¤2¨0¨>{ = ³4¦ gZ ¦³4³¦ ·P­®|¤(©k­4»F¦&9}®(³*¨g·V±K®F·%¦#¨*¼R¸=®?³'¦ ºF¤M£& ÅI¨w¦(° +qªg©¬#³¦­¦S¶l¦ ¨¤ ºF¤M­*ªw®?¯a³4¦ ¨0ªp¦ ©k®?¯a­4»F¦R´ ¯F®VHT ¨p¦ ·I¥(¦R®^qZ ¤2¨0¨w®V9T ¦ ·V¬#®#Y Å%¨p¦ ©°~®?³¯5­ FY Å%¨p¦2©k®59Z ¨¤5`4 ¦#¨g© `4 ¦­+T ¦¦¯ ¯¦ ªp¥(»bF4 ®VFY ³Wªp¯F¥a©)ªp­¦2©¼ I »%ª©R­ I= ŦX®^<Z ´I¯F®^HT ¨p¦2·%¥?¦X£T¤= `4 ¦£S®?³¦{·%¦­ ¤2ª0¨w¦2·°¤s¯`· ³¦h`g ¦2¬ ­ ©W­!¤M­*ª©W­Wª¬¤2¨+·I¦Å`¦¯`·%¦¯`¬!ªp¦ © 4 ¦­[HT ¦¦¯{­»¦Y¨¤5`4 ¦ ¨©q®59Z ¯¦ ªp¥?» F4 ®VFY ³Wªp¯¥X©)ªw­4¦ ©°~­4» `Y ©q·%¦#«`¯Iªw¯¥X¤E±²¤M³4´I®sµ ¶U¤s¯`·%®?£ ¸ªp¦ ¨·¼Y¸x®(³'¦#ºx¤s£SÅ%¨p¦° qT »¦¯’·%¦2¤ ¨0ªp¯F¥ HT ªp­»|ªp£E¤M¥?¦ ©°~­4»F¦m´I¯®#HT ¨p¦2·%¥?¦R®59Z ­4»F¦R¨0ªw´ ¦ ¨0ªp»F®?®%· ®^hZ ¬#®(¯I«`¥VFY ³ ¤s­Wªp®(¯x©o®^Z ¯F¦2¤M³ 4 . = Å%ª0º¦#¨g©9£E¤`m = ­!¤M´(¦U­4»F¦gZ ®?³£ž®5€Z ¤Y±²¶'¸ HT ªp­»{¬!¨ÃªC Y ¦ ©&®^Z ®?³ ·%¦³l1 ­®  R ¬#®(¯F¯¦ ¬#­Wªpµ(ªw­ = u®(³®(³!·%¦³;' 1 ­4® R  (#¬ ®?¯F¯¦ ¬#­Wªpµªp­ = !¼ HI »F¦k®?­»¦³l©W®#Y ³ ¬#¦<®^Z ªp¯ gZ ®(³£T¤M­*ªw®?¯{¬ ®(¯x©)ª©W­ ©.

(33) ;       . O    

(34) 1. ®^9Z ­4»F¦R®V4`©W¦³µ ¤M­*ªw®?¯`©¼q§+®(£ 4Iªw¯Iªw¯¥S­4»F¦2©W¦R­+T9®T©W®#Y³ ¬#¦ ©q®5Z&ªp¯ Zg®?³£E¤M­*ªp®(¯V£E¤^= 4`¦m¤?¬ »Iªw¦µ(¦ ·Eªp¯P·ª2Z  Zg¦³¦¯­ T'¤ =%© Al¤^=ªp¦2©)ªg¤s¯|±K®I·%¦ ¨0ªp¯F¥F°bTl»F¦­4»F¦³'©W­4³Wª¬ ­*¨7={¤MÅÅ%¨0ªp¦ ·®(³q¯®(­°x¬#®(£S¦2©oªp¯|µI¦³+=S¯`¤s­ YF³ ¤2¨Ã¨7= ¤s­­»Iª©o©W­!¤M¥?¦¼ =¦­ `Y ©H¤?©© FY £S¦(°5gZ ®(³l©)ªp£SÅ%¨0ª¬ ªp­+(= °?­4»`¤M­+­»¦U®V`4 ©W¦³4µ ¤M­*ªw®?¯`©&¬#®(¯x©)ªg©W­®^Z ­4»F¦k¥?³¦N. = ¨w¦µI¦#¨g© r®(³R¤M¯ V = ®?­»¦³e©¬¤ ¨¤M³<®(³.µ ¦ ¬#­4®(³Y xY ¤M¯­Wªp­Wªp¦2©Zq®^Z ­»¦TÅ%ª0º¦#¨©Uªp¯Š¤M¯Vªp£E¤M¥?¦ . coª©k­»b`Y ©k­4»F¦m¥?³¦N= ¨p¦µI¦#¨gZ ®(³'Å%ª0º¦#¨®?³.©)ªp­4¦°~®(³ Y ¯%ªp­ YadcW¼ =¦­ _  8 8N 8  =  ¼

(35) ‡³¦ÅF³¦2©W¦¯­ ©H»¦³¦m­4»F¦m®#x4 ©W¦³µ ¦ · ªp£E¤s¥(¦(¼.Æ µ ¦³ { = ¥(¦¯F¦³!¤ ¨+ÅF³4®#I4 ¨w¦£ ª©k­4®«x¯`·°~¥sªwµ ¦¯UgZ ®(³<¦ ºF¤M£SÅI¨p¦T¤S«`³!©W­®?³ ·%¦³.±²¶U¸œ®?¯a­4»F¦2©W¦ ÅIªÃº%¦ ¨© gª*¼ ¦(¼9´I¯®#HT ªp¯F¥e­4»F¦.©W­ ¤s­Wª©W­*ªg¬©U®^+Z ¬ ®VFY Å%¨p¦2©l®^hZ ¨g¤^4 ¦#¨© HT ªw­4» R ¬ ®(¯¯F¦2¬ ­*ªpµªp­+d=  ° ­4»F¦k¨¤5=4 ¦ ¨0ªp¯F¥* lT »%ª¬ »P£E¤ º ªw£eª>6 ¦ © _ $* 0 ¼ Al¤^(= ¦ ©k­4»F¦®(³¦£ ­¦#¨0¨g©xY ©Y­4»`¤s­, _ #* 0<_ _   "* #\ _ #H*  ", _ ?!¼ Æ<¬ ­ `Y ¤2¨Ã¨7= 3  U·%®%¦ ©'¯F®(­Y·I¦Å`¦¯`·V®(¯P­»¦e¨¤^`4 ¦ ¨0ªw¯¥8=+°¤s¯`·VÅ%¨¤5%= ©U¦#ºx¤?¬ ­*¨>K = ­4»F¦S©¤M£S¦m³®s¨w¦S¤?©c ªp¯ :X #`Y ¤s­Wªp®(¯  #1 !°¤M­'¨w¦2¤(©W­k¤(© rZ ¤M³Y¤(©k­4¦2©W­Wªp¯F¥E­4»F¦R¨0ªw´ ¦ ¨0ªp»F®?®%·²®^HZ ­4»F¦e±²¶'¸ ª©k¯®(­Y¤M­'»x¤M¯x·¼Y9 ¦ »x¤Mµ(¦k¯F®VŽ T ­4®X¤(©© FY £L¦R­»x¤M­q T ¦R¤s³¦m¤^%4 ¨p¦R­4®S£S®F·%¦#¨h­4»F¦R¯®Mª©W¦RÅF³4®%¬ ¦2©©¼ ? ­!¤M¯`·¤M³!·V¤(©© FY £SÅ­Wªp®?¯`©° lT »%ª¬ »³®VFY ¥?»%¨7{ = ¤s£S®#Y ¯F­­® q T »Iªw­4¦<ªp¯Fµ?¤M³Wª¤s¯­¯F®sªg©W¦(°~¤M³4¦Y­4»`¤s­<. _ 

(36) "* _. =.  c . _  c *HM_. =.  c . _\ c *Mc .  . Æ © Z®?³;3H;=M °%ªw­lªg©q­!¤M´(¦¯K¬¤s³¦R®^Z4 =E­»¦m±²¶'¸ £S®%·%¦#¨0ªw¯¥E­»¦m¤SÅF³Wªp®?³Wª Tq®?³W¨·X£S®%·I¦ ¨)°¤(©Hªp¯  X#Y`¤M­*ªp®(¯> 1#!¼&¢)­qª©H­4»F¦¯V¦2¤(© =E­®T©W¦¦R­4»`¤s­q­4»F¦.¤SÅ`® ©W­4¦³*ªw®?³Wª€Å³®V4`¤54Iª0¨Ãªp­[=(° Tq»%ª¬ » Tq¦¤s³¦R­4³+=(ªw¯¥ ­4®S£T¤ ºIªp£m7ª 6¦(° ªg©q¥Mªpµ(¦¯ 4b= . = _ $* 0  \ _  c * c   ¦#º Å ba6%43  [ V c %$' ( %Zg³®(£ž¯#® T ®(¯u.° T¦ TªÃ¨0(¨ Y`©W ¦  ªp¯`©W­4¦ ¤?·L5® ZM_ Tq»F¦¯F¦µI¦ ³ Tq¦q·I³®(ÅE¤m©¬¤ ¨0ªp¯F¥ Zr¤(¬#­4®(³ !¼h¢)­&ª©+V® 4Fµ(ªwV® Y`© Zg³®?£ ­4»%ª©o¦#ºÅ³¦ ©©)ªp®?¯X­4»`¤s­­»¦¤RÅ`®©W­¦³Wªp®(³*ªÅF³V® 4`^¤ 4%ª0¨0ªw­ =S¤2¨g©W®L·%¦³Wªpµ(¦ ,© Zg³®(£ ¤e±²¤M³4´I®sµS¶U¤M¯x·%®(£ ¸ªp¦ ¨·° Tªw­4»P¬ ¨0Cª  Y¦ ©q5® Z9®?³ ·I¦³ 1L¤M¯`· )¤s¯`·|¯F®?­'®(¯I>¨ = ¤?© Zg®(³'­4»F¦m¤SųWªp®(³Wª+ų#® 4x5¤ 4IªÃ¨0ªp[­ = !¼ IH»¦ ¦¯F¦³¥sªw¦2©k5® Zl¬!¨ÃCª #YF¦2©U^® ZH®?³ ·I¦³ 1S·ªw³4¦ ¬#­W7¨ =V³4¦ gx¦ ¬#­'­»¦mÅF³V® 4`^¤ 4%ª0¨Ãª©W­*ªg¬R£S®%·I¦ ¨0ªw¯¥{^® Z9¨g^¤ 4`¦ ¨© Tªw­4»FV® YF­ ¬#®(¯­¦#º­° Tl»%ª¬!F » TqV® Y%¨' · 4` ¦ Y`©W¦2· Zg®(³e¬!¨g¤?©©)2ª Z%=(ªw¯¥x°h®?³k¨5¤ 4=¦ ¨0ªp¯F¥K­4»F¦SÅ%ª0º¦#¨g©kªp¯`·I¦Å`¦¯`·%¦¯F­*7¨ =(¼ IH»%ª© ¦  YIªwµ ¤2¨w¦¯`¬# ¦ T'¤(© Y`©W¦2·Eªp> ¯ R ° < " Z®?³Hªp¯%ªp­*ªg¤2¨Ã7ª 6#ªw¯¥E¤L¬ ®?¯F­*ªw¯ YFV® Y`©&¨g^¤ 4`¦ ¨0ªp¯F¥ 4¦ Z®?³¦³¦ ¨¤2ºx¤M­*ªp®(¯¼ A YF­ ªp­'ª©k¯F®?­'µI¦+³ =K· ª X¬ Y%¨p­'­4®{ų®(µ(¦­»x¤M­'ªp­kª©¤2>¨ Tl`¤ =©qÅ`® ©©)7ª 4%¨p¦(0° 4b=K© Y%ªp­!5¤ 4%¨p¦m©W»I2ª Zg­ ©'®(¯P­»¦m¬ ¨0Cª  Y¦ Å`®?­¦¯F­*ª¤ ¨©&­®e´I¦¦Åm®(¯I7¨ =T­4»F¦kÅ`®?­¦¯F­*ª¤ ¨©+^® Zh£E¤ º ªp£E¤ ¨u¬!¨ÃCª #YF¦2©,¼ IH»F¦kų®%¬ ¦2· Y³¦k­®L·I®L©4®L·ªw³4¦ ¬#­W7¨ = ·I¦³*ªwµ ¦ © Zg³®?£ ­»¦RÅF³® ^® Z9^® Z9­4»F ¦ k¤s£S£S¦³!©)¨w¦ =W§&¨0ª =®(³!·X­4»F¦®?³¦£ ¥sªpµI¦U ¯ 4 =21 " ¼ IH»F¦.ÅF³V® 4%¨p¦£ ¤M­ »x¤M¯x·Eª©H­b» Y`©H©W­4³Wª¬ ­*7¨ =¦  YIªwµ ¤2¨w¦¯I­H­4®L£E¤ ºIªp£m7ª 6 ªp¯8 ¥ .  $H %43 *  _ d R  %$')( lT »F¦³¦ %73 _,a %73 ¤M¯`·X¨p¦­ *  4`¦R­4»F¦S¬ ®?³³¦2©WÅ`®(¯x· ªp¯F¥S¨¤^4¦#¨Ãªp¯F¥F¼'Æ© Tq¦R©W»x¤ ¨0¨o©W¦¦(°x­4»%ª©k­4³ ¤M¯x©- Zg®?³£E¤M­*ªp ®(¯Š£E¤5=K¯F®?­ 4`¦³¦2¤ ¨0¨>=’¯¦ ¬#¦ ©©¤s³+=I°4 Y­.ªw­ TªÃ¨0¨H©)ªw£SÅI¨Ãª Z%=}©W®(£S¦³¦2© Y%¨p­ ©¼UIH»¦Z®s¨Ã¨p®VTHªp¯F¥ ų®?Å`¦³­ Š = ª©£S®(³4¦²ªp¯I­¦³¦2©W­Wªp¯F¥ . ©W»Iª Z­*ªw¯¥}¦µ ¦³ =œ¬ ¨0ªC YF¦PÅ`®?­¦¯F­*ªg¤2¨<®^Ze¤Š¥sªpµI¦¯d¬ ¨0ª #YF¦$4 = ­»¦ ©¤s£S¦ xY ¤M¯­Wªp­PS = ªg©q¦ %Y ªpµ(¤2¨w¦¯I­q­4®X©¬¤2¨0ªw¯¥E¤2¨Ã¨-­»¦ _\#*H Äv© 4b={¤e¥MªpµI¦¯ Zr¤(¬#­®?³2°x®?³'¦ #Y%ªpµ(¤2¨w¦¯I­W¨7=­4® ¬#»`¤s¯F¥?¦L­4»F¦S¯F®(³4£E¤ ¨0ª7 6 ¤s­Wªp®(¯$Z ¤?¬ ­4®(³c ®^ZX  `Y ¤s­Wªp®?¯  1  ¼ I» Yx©°­4»F¦S£E¤ º ªw£mª762¤M­*ªw®?¯ ÅF³4®#4%¨p¦£ ªg© ¯®(­U¬ »x¤M¯¥(¦2·¼€¸x®(³+¦ ºF¤M£SÅ%¨p¦(°Iªp­HT ª0¨Ã¨=4 ¦kÅ®©©)ª7%4 ¨p¦k­®T©W»%ª Z ­l¤2¨Ã¨u­4»F¦ cWÄv©q©W®m­4»`¤s­l­»F¦ { = ¤2¨0¨4 ¦2¬ ®?£S¦  ¯®(¯@r¯¦¥¤M­*ªwµ ¦° ®?³q¦µI¦¯XÅ`®©)ªp­WªpµI¦(°.HT ªp­»®#Y ­'¬#»`¤s¯F¥Mªp¯F¥e­4»F¦.©W®M¨7FY ­*ªp®(¯V­4®S­4»F¦ÅF³®V%4 ¨p¦£K¼.

(37) ;       . O    

(38). ?A@7?. B. LKM^JNC^ RLZ DFEHGJILOCZ RSG   LEHG

(39) 0N K2RHZ[OGOZ N7R. ?(¦µ ¦³!¤ ¨+¤sÅFų® ¤?¬!»F¦2©U»x¤MµM¦ 4`¦¦¯PÅF³4®(Å`® ©W¦2·V­®E«`¯x·V¤M­'¨p¦ ¤(©W­Y¤S³4¦ ¤?©W®(¯`¤^4%¨7=K¥(® ®%·|¨g¤^4`¦ ¨0ªp¯F¥F¼GU¯¦ ®^Z'­»¦U4`¦2©W­e´I¯®#Tq¯Pªg©.ÅF³®V4`¤^4%¨7=}©*ªp£ YI¨g¤s­¦2· ¤s¯F¯F¦2¤ ¨0ªp¯F¥ 1 " ¼>A YF­e®(­4»F¦³e£S®(³¦#¤ ¨p¥(®?³Wªp­»£mªg¬ ¤sÅFų® ¤?¬ »¦ ©e¤M³@ ¦ TH®?³­4»Š£S¦¯­Wªp®(¯Iªw¯¥ .E¢*­4¦³!¤M­4¦ · §9®(¯x· ªp­Wªp®?¯`¤ ¨k±K®%·I¦ © r¢ §±'021 " °9®?³S· =I¯x¤M£mª¬ ų®?¥(³ ¤s£S£mªp¯F¥ K " Zg®(³.¦#ºx¤M£LÅ%¨p¦¼ X&µ(¦' ¯ Zg®(³£S¦: ³ Tq®?³´©'®(¯ ³4¦ ¨¤ ºF¤M­*ªw®?¯a¨5¤ 4`¦#¨Ãªp¯F¥©°€¤ ¨p³¦2¤(· =P£S¦5¯  ­*ªp®(¯¦ ·° Tq¦³¦ ´ ¯FV® THªp¯F¥M7¨ =P®?³.¯F®?­ Y¤ T'¤ =P­®²­!¤(¬#´¨p¦m­»Iªg©.ÅF³V® 4%¨p¦£|8 ¼ 9}¦©W­!¤M³4: ­ Z³®?£ ®?¯F¦E© Y`¬ » Tl®(³8 ´ < " ¼ IH»F¦´I¦ =SÅ`®Mªp¯F­+»F¦³4¦<ª©H­®T¬¤?©W­q­4»%ª©q· ª©¬#³¦­4¦(°x¬#®(£ 4Iªw¯x¤M­4®(³*ªg¤2¨*°®(ÅF­*ªp£m>ª 62¤M­*ªp®(¯{ÅF³V® 4%¨p¦£ ªp¯F­4®e¤.£S®?³¦¬ ®?£ Zg®(³­!5¤ 4I¨p¦U£E¤ º ªw£e>ª 62¤M­*ªp®(¯ÅF³V® 4%¨p¦£ ®(¯{¤e¬#®(£SÅx¤(¬#­l© Yb4`©W¦­5® Z = ¼ =¦­ Y`©·%¦#«`¯F¦ ¤e³¦2¤ ¨ Z Y¯`¬#­Wªp®?¯  '    h¤?© Zg®s¨Ã¨p^® T'© . "$#%& %(' d   M_ d [<V %8  +% *-, 8 * %$' ( ! 8 '3]8  !  ) ! Tl»F¦³¦. S·I¦¯®(­4¦ ©k­4»F¦/. +0 ©)ªp­¦S®5Zl¬ ¨0ªC Y¦¬?°u¤M¯x·1 %*e­4»F¦R¨g¤^4`¦ ¨H¤(©©)ªp¥(¯¦ ·P­®X­»Iªg©.©)ªp­¦ 4b= 1 % ¼S¢)­ ª©m¬!¨p¦ ¤s³Z ³4®(£ X  xY ¤M­*ªw®?¯h[<V'­4»`¤M­  ªg©.¤KÅ`®s¨>= ¯F®?£mªg¤2¨9ªp¯Š­»¦ c2, 3 Äv©€­»¦£E¤ º ªw£ YF£_·I¦¥(³4¦¦S®5Z  ª©k­4»F¦T£E¤2ºIªp£ F Y £ ·I¦¥?³¦¦m®^HZ ­4»F¦S¬!¨ÃªC Y¦ ©¼e¢ Z TH¦S¤(©© Y£S¦ Z®?³.) ©)ªp£SÅ%¨0ª¬ ªp­ ={­»x¤M­Y¤ ¨0¨+­»¦¬!¨ÃªC Y¦ © »x¤Mµ(¦o­4»F¦k©¤s£S¦q·%¦¥(³¦¦54\­4»%ª©-ªg©&¦2¤(©)ª0¨>. = ­4³+FY ¦ HT ªp­» R ¯F¦#ªw¥?» 4 ®#FY ³4»F® ®F·F©-®?¯Lªp£E¤M¥?¦ ©°¤gZ ­¦³9© IY ªp­ ¤^4%¨p¦ ©W»Iª2gZ ­!©H®(¯{­»¦R¬#® ¦ X¬!ªw¦¯F­!©Z °­»¦¯  ª©q¤m»®(£S®?¥(¦¯F¦®V`Y ©HÅ`®s¨> = ¯F®?£mªg¤2¨u®5+Z ·%¦¥(³¦¦64F¼I »%ª©oªg© 4 S = ¯F® £S¦2¤M¯x©H¯F¦2¬ ¦2©©¤M³+S = ªp¯'q T »`¤s­ gZ ®M¨0¨p®^' T © 4 Y ­ HT ª0¨0¨€¤2¨0¨w¦µª¤M­4¦Y­4»F¦¯F®?­ ¤s­Wªp®?¯`©¼ ±K®(³4¦®sµ(¦³°ªp­kª©¬!¨p¦ ¤s³­4»`¤M­  ª©U¨0ªw¯¦ ¤s³ HT ªw­4»’¤M¯ = c2, 3 ¼<=¦­xY ©k¯F®V¾ T ³¦ ©W­4³Wª¬ ­87 ­4®9 =;: °¤ ©WÅ`¦2¬ ª0«=¬.¬ ®?£SÅ`¤?¬ ­U© Y `4 ©W¦­q®^<Z  == : ·%¦#«`¯¦ · 4 S = ­»¦;gZ ®M¨0¨p) ®#T ªw¯¥S¬#®(¯x©W­³!¤ ªp¯F­!© . > g e@? . c2, 36A M ;1V. ) : > gB. d c2, 3 _\1 +B  3  ) ¢)­9­ YF³4¯`©-®VYF­9­4»`¤s­2°?¥(¦¯F¦³Wª¬¤2¨Ã¨7= °s­»¦l£E¤2ºIªp£E¤®^Z  ®?¯9 ==: )¤.¬#®(¯Iµ(¦ ºeÅ`®M¨7=I­4®(Å`¦#€¤s³¦q¤ ¨0¨%¨w®F¬¤M­4¦ · ®?¯|­4»F¦4®?³ ·%¦³2° ª)¼ ¦(¼hª2Z<C B ª©q© Y`¬#»|¤e£E¤ º ªw£ YF£K° ­4»F¦¯ > g e$DE? . BcF3 _ 1 e1=_ G ?H Bc ! _AM ;(V ) ) I»F¦U³4¦ ¤?©W®(¯ Zg®(³9­4»`¤s­&ª©o­4»`¤s­ Z~ªg©9¤.¬#®(¯x¬¤sµM¦ Z Y¯`¬#­Wªp®(¯*)¤(¬#­ Y`¤ ¨0¨7=E¤Å`¤s³ ¤54`®s¨¤h®^Z cF3e > gPe-?~¼ IH» Y`©° ª ZCIKcFJ 3 _ M°%­»¦¯ Z&ª©H£mªw¯Iªw£T¤ ¨­4»F¦R®?¯%¨7= TU¤= Zg®(³ Z9­4® 4`¦R£E¤2ºIªp£E¤ ¨ª©H­»x¤M­'­4»F¦) Å`®Mªp¯F­9ª©q®(¯|­4»F¦ 4`®?I³ ·I¦³< cF3 _ MLN.M 1  °F¤s¯`·|­»¦Y¥?³ ¤?· ªp¦¯I­lÅ`®Mªp¯F­!©o®#Y­ ©)ª·I¦¼ ) Ƭ#­+Yx¤ ¨0¨7=I°xªp­<£E¤5=K»`¤sÅFÅ`¦¯P­4»`¤M­;Zg®(³.©W®?£S¦ g4°­ T9®{®?³£S®?³¦m¨g¤^4`¦ ¨©£E¤`='4`¦mªw¯x· ª¦³¦¯I­° 4 YF­ ­4»F¦´I¦ =SÅ`®Mªp¯F­9ª©H­»x¤M­'­4»F¦³¦kªg©H¯®S£E¤2ºIªp£ YF£PO2QSRTO2UW2V ° 4 Y­'·I¦¥?¦¯F¦³ ¤s­¦®(¯¦ ©¼ IH» Y`©°%¤s¯ =e£E¤ º ªw£ Y£ž®5Z  ®?¯X9 =Y: ·ªw³4¦ ¬#­W¨7= =(ªp¦ ¨·F©¤m·ª©¬ ³¦­¦k¨¤54`¦#¨Ãªp¯F¥F°%¤M¯x·T­»¦R¤^4`©W®M¨7YF­4¦ £E¤2ºIªp£ Y£ ®^Z  =ªp¦#¨g·©H­»¦©W®M¨7YF­*ªw®?¯­®e®#Y³ÅF³®V4%¨p¦£K¼ IH»¦R·ª X¬ Y%¨p­[=mª©o®5Z€¬#®#Y³ ©W¦k­4»`¤M­  ª©H¯F®?­ ¬#®(¯x¬¤sµ(¦ 4 YF­R¬ ®?¯Iµ¦#º THªw­4»’¤{­³4¦£S¦¯`·I®#Yx©k¯ YF£ 4F¦³.®5Zl© Yx¬ »P£E¤ º ªw£T¤°h¤s¯`·V­4»`¤M­R¤M¯b=K©W­ ¤s¯`·F¤s³ · ¥?³ ¤?· ªp¦¯­~­¦2¬ »¯%ªC YF¦,TªÃ¨0¨ Yx© Y`¤2¨Ã¨7=U¨p¦2¤(·<­4®<¤o¨p®%¬¤ ¨I£E¤ ºIªp£ Y£K°2¤s¯`·k¯F®?­h­®l­»¦o¤^4`©W®s¨>Y­¦o£E¤2ºIªp£ Y£K¼ ¢)­ªg©H­4» Yx©oµªp­!¤ ¨u­®S«x¯`·{¤m¥?® ®%·V©W­ ¤s³­*ªw¯¥SÅ`®sªw¯­ 4`¦ Zg®(³4¦R¤MÅÅ%¨7=ªp¯F¥T© Y`¬#»{¤S­¦2¬!»F¯%ªC#YF¦(¼.

(40) ;       . O    

Références

Documents relatifs

(37) C’est ce que l’ancien Pre´sident du Tribunal constitutionnel espagnol relevait re´cemment. S’il peut exister a` intervalles re´guliers des « tensions occasionnelles » entre

Our method is based on the work of Lauder and Vonk on computing the reverse characteristic series of the U p -operator on overconvergent modular forms.. Using higher derivatives of

REPUBLIQUE ALGERIENNE DEMOCRATIQUE ET POPULAIRE MINISTERE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR ET DE LA

– Our two central assumptions (Gaussian mixture model calculated separately on different contexts and only in background images) can slightly improve the foreground/background ratio

118 µ: A partir du moment où on reconnaît que ce cas particulier vérifie l'hypothèse, ne vérifie pas la conclusion, si on ne veut pas tout le temps revenir en

We measure the ring form factor at θ- and good-solvent conditions as well as in a polymeric solvent (linear PS of roughly comparable molar mass) by means of small-angle

Indeed, CF does express inflammatory markers (IL-6, MCP-1, F4/80) but not typical adipose tissue markers (perilipin, HSL, leptin, adiponectin) and does not store triglycerides. The

When the increments (X n ) n∈ N are defined as a one-order Markov chain, a short memory in the dynamics of the stochastic paths is introduced: the process is called in the