StatiStical tableS
on the leaSt developed countrieS - 2016
T he S TaTiSTical T ableS on
The l eaST D evelopeD c ounTrieS –
2016
UNCTAD/LDC/2016/Stats
This is an unedited publication.
1. Development indicators ...1
2. Committee for development policy (CDP) review 2009, 2012 and 2015 ...2
3. Real GDP growth, 2002–2016, selected years ...3
4. Real GDP per capita growth, 2002–2016, selected years ...4
5. Gross fixed capital formation, gross domestic savings and external resource gap in LDCs, by country and by LDC groups, selected years ...5
6. Share of value added in main economic sectors in LDCs, by country and country groups, 1991, 2000, 2014 ...6
7. Foreign direct investment inflows, by region and economy, 2002–2015, selected years ...7
8. Migrant remittance inflows to LDCs, 2000–2015, selected years ...8
9. Selected indicators on foreign debt burden 2000–2014, selected years ...9
10. Selected indicators on area and population, 2015 ...10
11. Selected indicators on education, 2015* ...11
12. Employment by sector in LDCs, 1991, 2000 and 2015 ...12
13. Total merchandise exports: Levels and annual average growth rates, 2000–2015, selected years ...13
14. Total merchandise exports: Levels and annual average growth rates, 2000–2015, selected years ...14
15. Product composition of merchandise exports, 2013–2015 ...15
16. Product composition of merchandise imports, 2013–2015 ...16
17. Main markets for merchandise exports of LDCs: share in 2013–2015 ...17
18. Main sources of merchandise imports of LDCs: share in 2013–2015 ...18
19. Total services exports: Levels and annual average growth rates, 2005–2015, selected years...19
20. Total services imports: Levels and annual average growth rates, , 2005–2015, selected years ...20
21. LDC merchandise and services export specialization, 2013–2015 ...21
22. Telecomunication and ICT indicators in LDCs, 2005 and 2015 ...22
23. Total net ODA disbursements to LDCs by country and as percentage of GNI, 2002–2014, selected years ...23
24. Gross aid disbursement to LDCs by sector, 2006–2014, selected years ...24
25. Net ODAa from individual DAC member countries to LDCs, 1992–2014, selected years ...25
Foreword
The Statistical Tables on the Least Developed Countries – 2016 provides a collection of statistics and indicators relevant to the analysis of development in the least developed countries (LDCs). Reliable statistical information is indispensable for formulating sound economic policies and recommendations. The tables provide policymakers, researchers, academics, officials from national governments or international organizations, journalists, executive managers and members of non-governmental organizations access to cross-comparable sets of data. The tables are available online in document and spreadsheet format.
To help us provide better and more relevant statistics to users, you are invited to send your comments to LDCR@
unctad.org.
Country groups and product classifications used in these tables
Least developed countries Geographical/structural classification
Unless otherwise specified, in this Report the least developed countries (LDCs) are classified according to a combination of geographical and structural criteria. The small island LDCs that are geographically in Africa or Asia are thus grouped with the Pacific islands, due to their structural similarities. Haiti and Madagascar, which are regarded as large island States, are grouped with the African LDCs. South Sudan declared its independence on 9 July 2011, and became both an independent State and a United Nations Member State on 14 July 2011. Accordingly, starting with 2011, data for South Sudan and the Sudan, where available, are shown under the respective country name. For periods prior to the independence of South Sudan, data for the Sudan (former) include those for South Sudan unless otherwise indicated. The resulting groups are as follows:
African LDCs and Haiti: Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, the Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, the Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, the Sudan (former) or South Sudan and the Sudan, Togo, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia.
Asian LDCs: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Nepal, Yemen.
Island LDCs: The Comoros, Kiribati, Sao Tome and Principe, Solomon Islands, Timor-Leste, Tuvalu, Vanuatu.
Graduation projection
This year’s Report also classifies LDCs into two groups according to their graduation prospects, as follows. The methodology for reaching this group composition is explained in box 2.1 of chapter 2.
LDCs projected to graduate in the period 2017–2024: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Kiribati, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Nepal, Sao Tome and Principe, Solomon Islands, Timor-Leste, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Yemen.
Projected group of LDC by 2025: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Comoros, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, the Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Leso- tho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, the Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Sudan, the Sudan, Togo, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia.
Export specialization
UNCTAD has classified the LDCs under six export specialization categories, according to which type of exports ac- counted for at least 45 per cent of total exports of goods and services in 2013–2015. The group composition is as follows:
Agricultural and food exporters: Guinea-Bissau, Malawi, Solomon Islands, Somalia*.
Fuel exporters: Angola, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Yemen.
Manufactures exporters: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Haiti, Lesotho.
Mineral exporters: The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Sierra Leone, Zambia.
Mixed exporters: Benin, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Liberia, Madagascar, Mozambique, Myanmar, the Niger, Senegal, the Sudan, Togo, the United Republic of Tanzania.
Services exporters: Afghanistan, Burundi, the Central African Republic, the Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, the Gambia, Kiribati, Nepal, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Timor-Leste, Tuvalu, Uganda, Vanuatu.
*
No data for Somalia services exports are available.No export data for South Sudan exports are available.
Other groups of countries and territories
Developed countries: Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bermuda, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Greenland, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Israel, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America, Holy See, Faeroe Islands, Gibraltar, Saint Pierre and Miquelon.
Other developing countries (ODCs): All developing countries (as classified by the United Nations) that are not LDCs.
Product classification
Goods: The figures provided below are the codes of the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC), revision 3.
Primary commodities: Sections 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, division 68 and groups 667 and 971.
Agriculture and food: Sections 0, 1, 2, and 4, excluding divisions 27 and 28.
Minerals: Divisions 27, 28, 68, and groups 667 and 971.
Fuels: Section 3.
Manufactures: Sections 5, 6 (excluding division 68 and group 667), 7 and 8.
Labour-intensive and resource-intensive manufactures: Divisions 61, 63, 64, 65, 82, 83, 84, 85, 66 (excluding group 667).
Low-skill- and technology-intensive manufactures: Divisions 67, 69 and groups 785, 786, 791, 793, 895, 899.
Medium-skill- and technology-intensive manufactures: Divisions 62, 71, 72, 73, 74, 77 (excluding group 776), 81, and groups 781 to 784, 893, 894.
High-skill- and technology-intensive manufactures: Section 5, divisions 75, 76, 87, 88 and groups 776, 792, 891, 892, 896, 897.
Section 9 (Commodities and transactions not classified elsewhere in the SITC) has been included only in the total of exports of goods and services, but not in the goods classification above, except for group 971 (Gold, non- monetary (excluding gold ores and concentrates)), which has been included in Minerals.
Services: Total services cover the following main categories: transport, travel, communications, construction,
insurance, financial services, computer and information services, royalties and licence fees, other business services,
personal, cultural, recreational and government services.
Explanatory notes
The term “dollars” ($) refers to United States dollars unless otherwise stated. The term “billion” signifies 1,000 million.
Annual rates of growth and changes refer to compound rates. Exports are valued f.o.b. (free on board) and imports c.i.f. (cost, insurance, freight) unless otherwise specified.
Use of a dash (–) between dates representing years, e.g. 1981–1990, signifies the full period involved, including the initial and final years. An oblique stroke (/) between two years, e.g. 1991/92, signifies a fiscal or crop year.
Two dots (..) indicate that the data are not available, or are not separately reported.
A hyphen (-) indicates that the amount is nil or negligible.
Details and percentages do not necessarily add up to totals, because of rounding.
1. Development indicators
country
GNI per capita (current $)a
Income level
Human Development Index (HDI)b
Multi- dimensional
Poverty Index (MPI)c 2015
value rank Annual average growth value 2014 2000–2010 2010–2014 2014
Afghanistan 630 Low income 0.465 171 2.97 0.97 0.293
Angola 4 180 Upper middle income 0.532 149 2.70 1.11 ..
Bangladesh 1 190 Lower middle income 0.570 142 1.57 1.07 0.237
Benin 860 Low income 0.480 166 1.78 0.64 0.343
Bhutan 2 370 Lower middle income 0.605 132 .. 1.39 0.128
Burkina Faso 660 Low income 0.402 183 .. 1.58 0.508
Burundi 260 Low income 0.400 184 2.62 0.66 0.442
Cambodia 1 070 Low income 0.555 143 2.50 0.87 0.211
Central African Republic 320 Low income 0.350 187 1.58 -0.84 0.424
Chad 880 Low income 0.392 185 1.12 1.37 0.545
Comoros 741e Low income 0.503 159 .. 0.75 0.165
Dem. Rep. of the Congo 410 Low income 0.433 176 2.18 1.52 0.369
Djibouti 1 698d Lower middle income 0.470 168 2.17 0.97 0.127
Equatorial Guinea 7 790 High income Non-OECD 0.587 138 1.18 -0.18 ..
Eritrea 657d Low income 0.391 186 .. 0.62 ..
Ethiopia 590 Low income 0.442 174 3.78 1.78 0.537
Gambia 433e Low income 0.441 175 1.38 -0.02 0.289
Guinea 470 Low income 0.411 182 1.83 1.50 0.425
Guinea-Bissau 590 Low income 0.420 178 .. 0.42 0.495
Haiti 820 Low income 0.483 163 0.62 0.67 0.242
Kiribati 3 230 Lower middle income 0.590 137 .. 0.09 ..
Lao People's Dem. Republic 1 730 Lower middle income 0.575 141 1.56 1.62 0.186
Lesotho 1268e Lower middle income 0.497 161 0.62 1.30 0.227
Liberia 380 Low income 0.430 177 1.20 1.50 0.356
Madagascar 420 Low income 0.510 154 1.02 0.27 0.420
Malawi 350 Low income 0.445 173 2.14 1.49 0.332
Mali 790 Low income 0.419 179 2.73 0.61 0.456
Mauritania 1 176e Lower middle income 0.506 156 0.98 0.92 0.291
Mozambique 580 Low income 0.416 180 2.96 0.94 0.390
Myanmar 1 170d Lower middle income 0.536 148 2.03 0.72 ..
Nepal 730 Low income 0.548 145 1.64 0.78 0.197
Niger 390 Low income 0.348 188 2.40 1.69 0.584
Rwanda 700 Low income 0.483 163 3.13 1.61 0.352
Sao Tome and Principe 1 580e Lower middle income 0.555 143 1.02 0.52 0.217
Senegal 1 000 Lower middle income 0.466 170 1.83 0.55 0.278
Sierra Leone 630 Low income 0.413 181 2.63 1.59 0.411
Solomon Islands 1 940 Lower middle income 0.506 156 1.02 0.57 ..
Somalia 121d Low income .. .. .. .. 0.500
South Sudan 790 Low income 0.467 169 .. -0.15 0.551
Sudan 1 840 Lower middle income 0.479 167 1.52 0.74 0.290
Timor-Leste 1 920 Low income 0.521 151 2.51 -0.22 0.335
Togo 540 Lower middle income 0.595 133 0.76 1.29 0.322
Tuvalu 5 756e Low income .. .. .. .. ..
Uganda 670 Upper middle income 0.484 162 1.86 0.51 0.242
United Republic of Tanzania 910 Low income 0.483 163 2.46 1.05 0.359
Vanuatu 2 930e Lower middle income 0.594 134 .. 0.19 0.135
Yemen 1 234d Lower middle income 0.498 160 1.19 0.08 0.200
Zambia 1 500 Lower middle income 0.586 139 2.52 1.36 0.264
LDCs 948 - 0.502 - 0.92 1.54 0.330
Source: World Bank, WDI database (accessed December 2016); United Nations, Undata National accounts main aggregates database (accessed December 2016); UNDP, Human development Report 2015 (accessed November 2016); World Bank Economies Income Classification (ac- cessed November 2016).
Notes: a GNI current $ Atlas method.
b HDI: below 0.550: Low human development ; between 0.550 and 0.699: Medium human development; See Technical notes 1 at http://
hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2015_technical_notes.pdf
c MPI: higher values indicate population multidimentionally poor; See Technical notes 5 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2015_
technical_notes.pdf
d GNI current dollars, average 2012-2014 for Djibouti, Eritrea, Myanmar, Somalia and Yemen;
e 2014 data for Comoros, Gambia, Mauritania, Sao Tome and Principe, Tuvalu and Vanuatu.
2. Committee for development policy (CDP) review 2009, 2012 and 2015
Country
Economic Vulnerability
Indexa (EVI)
Human Assets Indexb (HAI)
Economic Vulnerability
Indexa (EVI)
Human Assets Indexb (HAI)
Economic Vulnerability
Indexa (EVI)
Human Assets Indexb (HAI) CDP 2009 review CDP 2012 review CDP 2015 review
Afghanistan 39.5 15.2 38.8 22.5 35.1 43.1
Angola 49.8 26.0 51.3 31.6 39.7 41.9
Bangladesh 23.2 53.3 32.4 54.7 25.1 63.8
Benin 42.5 41.1 36.2 41.1 31.2 50.1
Bhutan 52.9 58.6 44.2 59.0 40.2 67.9
Burkina Faso 43.8 33.2 37.5 29.2 39.5 36.5
Burundi 56.8 22.1 57.2 20.8 49.9 41.0
Cambodia 55.6 57.8 50.5 57.9 38.3 67.2
Central African Republic 45.1 27.2 35.7 21.6 33.5 22.9
Chad 53.5 20.0 52.8 18.1 46.0 24.4
Comoros 56.9 48.2 49.9 45.3 45.8 54.2
Democratic Republic of the Congo 49.3 22.6 35.4 21.7 30.3 29.9
Djibouti 51.2 44.5 46.3 42.4 37.7 54.6
Equatorial Guinea 60.5 49.5 43.7 43.0 39.3 54.8
Eritrea 55.5 36.2 59.0 35.6 56.8 41.2
Ethiopia 32.0 28.4 33.5 28.2 31.8 39.2
Gambia 56.3 42.6 67.8 49.2 70.7 62.1
Guinea 27.9 37.4 28.6 36.8 24.9 38.7
Guinea-Bissau 60.5 33.8 60.5 34.2 53.6 44.8
Haiti 52.2 39.8 47.3 35.6 34.1 39.3
Kiribati 75.3 87.6 82.0 86.9 71.5 86.3
Lao People's Democratic Republic 59.9 62.3 37.1 61.4 36.2 60.8
Lesotho 49.9 61.9 45.9 62.1 42.9 62.9
Liberia 65.5 30.6 61.0 38.5 57.9 46.2
Madagascar 37.2 45.5 38.0 52.5 36.7 53.5
Malawi 55.9 46.2 51.9 44.1 41.1 53.7
Mali 42.3 32.6 36.8 30.2 33.3 45.5
Mauritania 47.1 54.6 44.2 47.1 41.2 49.5
Mozambique 48.7 27.5 44.4 30.7 38.1 41.7
Myanmar 37.4 66.0 45.0 68.8 33.7 72.7
Nepal 33.6 58.3 27.8 59.8 26.8 68.7
Niger 45.8 22.8 38.6 24.3 37.6 34.7
Rwanda 55.0 33.0 47.3 42.2 40.7 51.5
Sao Tome and Principe 55.0 72.1 46.1 74.9 39.2 77.4
Senegal 37.6 40.7 36.1 47.0 33.0 55.9
Sierra Leone 50.7 20.4 48.5 24.8 48.9 34.8
Solomon Islands 58.0 64.1 55.2 65.1 50.8 71.7
Somalia 62.6 9.4 50.1 1.40 36.3 7.8
South Sudan .. .. .. .. 56.0 29.1
Sudanc 52.9 51.4 44.4 52.6 49.9 56.6
Timor-Leste 56.7 54.0 53.3 48.1 55.0 57.4
Togo 42.8 42.6 35.4 45.5 33.6 58.7
Tuvalu 79.7 88.4 63.9 88.1 54.0 88.8
Uganda 51.9 51.3 36.2 45.8 31.8 53.6
United Republic of Tanzania 31.0 40.6 28.7 40.1 28.8 52.0
Vanuatu 62.3 72.3 46.8 77.7 47.7 81.3
Yemen 44.9 52.1 38.5 52.3 35.4 59.8
Zambia 52.8 40.7 53.0 36.9 45.6 40.8
LDCsd 50.2 44.0 45.6 44.2 41.4 51.5
Source: United Nations Committee for Development Policy (CDP) review database, 2009, 2012 and 2015.
Notes: a EVI : higher values indicate higher vulnerablity;
See explanotory notes at http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/cdp/cdp_publications/2008cdphandbook.pdf.
b HAI : lower values indicate weaker human asset development;
See explanotory notes at http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/cdp/cdp_publications/2008cdphandbook.pdf . c The Sudan includes South Sudan until 2012 review.
d Total LDCs : simple average.
3. Real GDP growth, 2002–2016, selected years
(Annual average growth rates, per cent)Country 2002–2008 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015a 2016a
Afghanistan 7.4 6.5 14.0 3.9 1.3 0.8 2.0
Angola 16.2 3.9 5.2 6.8 4.8 3.0 0.0
Bangladesh 6.3 6.5 6.3 6.0 6.3 6.8 6.9
Benin 4.0 3.0 4.6 6.9 6.5 5.0 4.6
Bhutan 8.4 9.7 6.4 3.6 3.8 5.2 6.0
Burkina Faso 6.2 6.6 6.5 6.6 4.0 4.0 5.2
Burundi 4.2 4.0 4.4 5.9 4.5 -4.0 -0.5
Cambodia 10.4 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.1 7.0 7.0
Central African Republic 2.3 3.3 4.1 -36.7 1.0 4.8 5.2
Chad 9.8 0.1 8.9 5.7 6.9 1.8 -1.1
Comoros 1.6 2.2 3.0 3.5 2.0 1.0 2.2
Democratic Republic of the Congo 6.0 6.9 7.1 8.5 9.5 6.9 3.9
Djibouti 4.1 7.3 4.8 5.0 6.0 6.5 6.5
Equatorial Guinea 13.2 6.5 8.3 -4.1 -0.5 -7.4 -9.9
Eritrea -0.9 8.7 7.0 3.1 5.0 4.8 3.7
Ethiopia 10.3 11.4 8.7 9.9 10.3 10.2 6.5
Gambia 3.3 -4.3 5.6 4.8 -0.2 4.4 2.3
Guinea 2.6 3.8 3.7 2.3 1.1 0.1 3.8
Guinea-Bissau 2.9 9.4 -1.8 0.8 2.5 4.8 4.8
Haiti 0.9 5.5 2.9 4.2 2.8 1.2 1.5
Kiribati 0.8 0.5 5.2 5.8 2.4 3.5 3.1
Lao People's Democratic Republic 7.5 8.0 7.9 8.0 7.5 7.6 7.5
Lesotho 3.9 4.5 5.3 3.6 3.4 2.8 2.4
Liberia 2.8 7.4 8.2 8.7 0.7 0.0 2.0
Madagascar 6.1 1.5 3.0 2.3 3.3 3.1 4.1
Malawi 5.8 4.9 1.9 5.2 5.7 3.0 2.7
Mali 4.8 3.2 -0.8 2.3 7.0 6.0 5.3
Mauritania 8.1 4.7 5.8 6.1 5.4 1.2 3.2
Mozambique 8.1 7.1 7.2 7.1 7.4 6.6 4.5
Myanmar 12.1 5.6 7.3 8.4 8.7 7.0 8.1
Nepal 4.0 3.4 4.8 4.1 6.0 2.7 0.6
Niger 5.2 2.2 11.9 5.3 7.1 3.5 5.2
Rwanda 8.1 7.8 8.8 4.7 7.0 6.9 6.0
Sao Tome and Principe 5.8 4.8 4.5 4.0 4.5 4.0 4.0
Senegal 4.8 1.9 4.5 3.6 4.3 6.5 6.6
Sierra Leone 6.0 6.3 15.2 20.7 4.6 -21.1 4.3
Solomon Islands 7.6 12.9 4.7 3.0 2.0 3.3 3.0
Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Sudan - - - 29.3 2.9 -0.2 -7.8
Sudanb 5.9 -1.3 -3.4 5.2 1.6 4.9 3.0
Timor-Leste 3.4 8.3 5.8 2.9 5.9 4.3 5.0
Togo 2.7 4.8 5.9 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.3
Tuvalu 1.0 8.5 0.2 1.3 2.2 2.6 4.0
United Republic of Tanzania 6.5 7.9 5.1 7.3 7.0 7.0 7.2
Uganda 7.9 6.8 2.6 4.0 4.9 4.8 4.9
Vanuatu 5.7 1.2 1.8 2.0 2.3 -0.8 4.0
Yemen 4.0 -12.7 2.4 4.8 -0.2 -28.1 -4.2
Zambia 7.6 5.6 7.6 5.1 5.0 3.0 3.0
LDCs 7.5 4.4 5.4 5.8 5.5 3.8 4.2
African LDCs and Haiti 8.0 4.7 4.7 5.6 5.4 4.3 3.3
Asian LDCs 6.7 4.0 6.5 6.1 5.7 3.1 5.7
Island LDCs 4.0 7.2 4.9 3.0 4.5 3.3 4.3
ODCs 6.9 5.8 5.0 4.8 4.4 4.0 3.8
Sources: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on data from IMF, World Economic Outlook database (accessed October 2016).
Notes: a Data for 2015 are preliminary, and are forecasted for 2016.
b The Sudan includes South Sudan until 2011.
4. Real GDP per capita growth, 2002–2016, selected years
(Annual average growth rates, per cent)Country 2002-2008 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015a 2016a
Afghanistan 5.7 3.9 11.2 1.5 -1.1 -1.5 -0.3
Angola 12.9 0.9 2.1 3.7 1.8 0.0 -2.9
Bangladesh 5.0 5.3 5.0 4.8 5.2 5.7 5.8
Benin 0.8 0.1 1.8 4.1 3.8 2.4 2.1
Bhutan 6.2 7.9 4.6 1.9 2.2 3.5 4.4
Burkina Faso 2.5 3.3 3.2 4.0 0.9 1.2 2.3
Burundi 2.2 1.6 2.0 3.5 2.0 -6.2 -2.8
Cambodia 7.5 5.3 5.4 5.8 5.5 5.5 5.4
Central African Republic 1.4 1.3 2.1 -37.9 -0.9 2.8 3.2
Chad 3.9 -2.4 6.2 3.1 4.3 -0.7 -3.5
Comoros -1.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 -0.9 -1.9 -0.8
Democratic Republic of the Congo 2.6 3.8 4.0 5.3 6.3 3.8 0.9
Djibouti 1.3 4.3 2.0 2.1 3.2 3.5 3.6
Equatorial Guinea 7.6 3.5 5.4 -6.8 -3.2 -9.9 -12.3
Eritrea -4.5 5.2 3.6 -0.2 1.6 1.4 0.3
Ethiopia 9.1 9.6 7.0 8.2 8.6 8.5 4.8
Gambia 0.4 -6.9 2.8 1.9 -2.9 1.6 -0.5
Guinea 0.2 1.2 1.1 -0.3 -1.4 -2.3 1.3
Guinea-Bissau 0.9 6.9 -4.0 -1.4 0.2 2.5 2.4
Haiti 0.0 4.0 1.4 2.8 1.4 -0.1 0.2
Kiribati -1.6 -1.4 3.2 3.8 -0.3 1.7 1.3
Lao People's Democratic Republic 5.7 6.0 5.9 6.0 5.5 5.6 5.5
Lesotho 4.0 4.2 5.0 3.4 3.2 2.6 2.1
Liberia 5.4 4.7 5.5 5.9 -1.9 -2.5 -0.4
Madagascar 1.7 -1.3 0.2 -0.6 0.5 0.3 1.3
Malawi 3.7 1.9 -1.0 2.3 2.7 0.1 -0.2
Mali 1.2 0.2 -3.8 -0.7 3.7 2.7 2.0
Mauritania 5.2 2.1 3.2 3.6 2.9 -1.1 0.8
Mozambique 4.9 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.5 3.7 1.7
Myanmar 9.7 4.7 6.4 7.5 7.8 6.1 7.2
Nepal 3.0 2.3 3.6 2.9 4.7 1.5 -0.6
Niger 1.2 -0.9 8.5 2.1 3.8 0.4 2.1
Rwanda 6.5 5.7 5.7 2.4 4.4 4.1 3.9
Sao Tome and Principe 2.8 1.9 1.7 1.3 1.9 1.4 1.5
Senegal 1.3 -1.1 1.5 0.6 1.4 3.5 3.6
Sierra Leone 2.4 4.3 13.0 18.2 2.4 -22.2 2.3
Solomon Islands 3.5 10.4 2.4 0.8 -0.3 1.0 0.8
Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South Sudan - - - 23.4 -1.6 -4.4 -12.3
Sudanb 2.9 21.3 -10.0 2.0 -1.5 1.8 0.0
Timor-Leste 3.9 6.3 4.0 1.0 3.9 2.4 3.1
Togo -0.7 2.0 3.1 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5
Tuvalu 0.8 -1.4 0.2 1.3 2.2 2.6 4.0
United Republic of Tanzania 3.4 5.3 2.7 5.2 4.9 4.9 5.1
Uganda 4.7 3.5 -0.8 0.4 1.9 1.8 1.9
Vanuatu 3.4 -0.8 -0.7 -0.4 0.0 -3.0 1.7
Yemen 0.7 -15.3 -0.6 1.8 -3.1 -30.2 -7.0
Zambia 4.9 2.5 4.4 2.0 1.9 -0.1 -0.1
LDCs 4.9 2.0 4.5 3.8 3.3 1.5 2.3
African LDCs and Haiti 4.9 1.7 4.4 3.4 2.9 1.5 1.0
Asian LDCs 5.0 2.5 4.9 4.6 4.2 1.5 4.5
Island LDCs 2.9 5.5 2.9 0.6 2.0 1.0 2.2
ODCs 5.1 4.9 3.4 3.5 3.2 2.7 2.6
Sources: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on data from IMF, World Economic Outlook database (accessed October 2016).
Notes: a Data for 2015 are preliminary, and are forecasted for 2016.
b The Sudan includes South Sudan until 2011.
5. Gross fixed capital formation, gross domestic savings and external resource gap in LDCs, by country and by LDC groups, selected years
(Per cent of real GDP) Country
Gross fixed capital formation Gross domestic savings External resource gap 2002–
2008 2011 2012 2013 2014 2002-
2008 2011 2012 2013 2014 2002–
2008 2011 2012 2013 2014
Afghanistan 18.9 16.2 15.9 13.8 12.5 -17.2 -20.9 -27.2 -21.2 -23.1 -36.2 -37.1 -43.1 -35.1 -35.5
Angola 26.6 29.6 29.5 29.1 29.4 51.7 50.3 51.7 49.5 46.9 25.1 20.7 22.2 20.4 17.5
Bangladesh 24.3 27.9 29.0 28.8 28.9 19.9 25.5 27.3 27.8 29.7 -4.3 -2.4 -1.7 -1.0 0.8
Benin 21.2 24.1 23.1 30.7 27.8 10.6 9.7 10.7 12.9 15.3 -10.6 -14.4 -12.4 -17.8 -12.5
Bhutan 50.6 68.1 66.8 42.7 41.0 37.9 39.8 40.9 38.8 33.2 -12.7 -28.3 -25.8 -3.9 -7.8
Burkina Faso 18.9 29.8 34.7 37.0 36.2 8.4 16.6 16.2 16.3 15.6 -10.5 -13.2 -18.5 -20.7 -20.6
Burundi 16.6 16.0 15.2 18.0 17.5 -5.4 -8.6 -8.5 -9.0 -9.5 -22.0 -24.6 -23.8 -27.0 -27.0
Cambodia 19.4 19.8 21.6 23.2 23.6 11.5 5.3 7.6 9.1 11.4 -7.9 -14.4 -14.1 -14.1 -12.2
Central African Republic 9.8 9.3 10.0 5.5 8.9 4.5 6.2 5.8 -2.5 -10.8 -5.3 -3.1 -4.2 -8.0 -19.7
Chad 23.6 25.2 25.4 25.4 24.0 18.9 21.5 17.2 13.1 15.6 -4.8 -3.7 -8.2 -12.2 -8.3
Comoros 12.3 11.7 9.8 7.5 5.7 -10.2 -25.6 -28.5 -31.2 -33.7 -22.5 -37.3 -38.3 -38.7 -39.4
Dem. Republic of the Congo 12.6 29.0 18.4 18.8 17.1 13.2 13.0 13.9 19.4 20.2 0.6 -16.0 -4.5 0.7 3.0
Djibouti 21.1 17.5 19.6 28.2 30.7 -4.3 -23.8 -30.0 -15.1 -14.3 -25.4 -41.3 -49.5 -43.3 -45.0
Equatorial Guinea 25.7 26.3 26.4 26.4 25.9 89.8 90.4 90.6 90.6 90.4 64.1 64.2 64.2 64.2 64.5
Eritrea 14.4 8.2 8.2 7.8 7.4 -12.8 11.5 20.7 18.3 19.3 -27.2 3.3 12.5 10.5 11.9
Ethiopia 25.8 43.3 55.5 61.6 69.0 11.7 11.9 15.6 18.2 23.0 -14.1 -31.4 -39.9 -43.4 -46.0
Gambia 33.2 25.2 23.0 21.4 24.9 9.4 11.0 8.1 7.7 5.5 -23.9 -14.2 -14.9 -13.7 -19.3
Guinea 24.0 45.0 45.2 45.0 38.1 21.9 13.2 10.9 8.3 -8.9 -2.1 -31.8 -34.3 -36.7 -47.0
Guinea-Bissau 7.5 6.7 8.2 7.2 6.0 -5.7 -4.0 -0.5 1.0 -1.7 -13.2 -10.7 -8.7 -6.1 -7.7
Haiti 27.4 28.7 29.7 30.2 30.0 0.5 -9.7 -1.1 0.4 0.8 -26.9 -38.5 -30.8 -29.8 -29.2
Kiribati 43.4 41.0 43.1 42.1 43.5 -39.1 -31.5 -38.5 -35.2 -39.5 -82.5 -72.5 -81.6 -77.3 -82.9
Lao People's Dem. Republic 38.7 39.4 47.1 43.7 52.8 25.0 30.5 31.5 29.9 35.1 -13.7 -8.9 -15.6 -13.8 -17.7
Lesotho 26.3 28.2 32.5 36.4 35.2 -45.7 -44.1 -42.4 -36.2 -38.0 -72.0 -72.3 -74.9 -72.6 -73.2
Liberia 18.2 25.2 25.4 25.6 25.4 -34.5 -40.2 -31.8 -36.2 -36.0 -52.7 -65.3 -57.2 -61.8 -61.4
Madagascar 25.7 30.2 31.0 29.5 29.1 6.4 9.0 9.3 11.2 12.5 -19.3 -21.2 -21.7 -18.3 -16.7
Malawi 15.9 7.5 8.7 10.6 10.1 0.6 9.8 15.7 18.4 17.3 -15.3 2.3 7.0 7.8 7.2
Mali 15.5 18.0 12.5 15.2 16.6 13.1 17.1 16.5 12.5 15.5 -2.4 -0.9 4.0 -2.7 -1.1
Mauritania 35.5 60.4 78.7 61.1 66.7 10.4 6.6 5.6 7.3 11.5 -25.1 -53.8 -73.1 -53.8 -55.2
Mozambique 14.3 21.9 35.5 50.7 40.2 3.0 8.6 6.5 5.9 6.6 -11.3 -13.2 -29.0 -44.8 -33.6
Myanmar 13.6 32.2 33.0 34.7 38.7 14.4 20.7 20.1 17.4 19.0 0.8 -11.5 -12.9 -17.3 -19.8
Nepal 20.9 21.4 19.3 21.6 22.8 11.4 13.6 4.4 6.8 8.2 -9.4 -7.8 -14.9 -14.8 -14.6
Niger 21.6 35.7 32.6 33.3 34.1 9.9 10.4 16.6 17.1 16.3 -11.7 -25.3 -16.0 -16.2 -17.8
Rwanda 17.6 23.6 26.4 27.0 27.6 3.4 3.8 4.0 5.4 6.1 -14.3 -19.8 -22.4 -21.6 -21.5
Sao Tome and Principe 26.7 27.6 28.5 27.6 27.9 -19.6 -33.5 -29.7 -32.3 -31.8 -46.2 -61.1 -58.2 -60.0 -59.8
Senegal 24.7 26.9 26.5 30.0 30.8 7.2 6.3 7.5 8.5 9.3 -17.5 -20.6 -19.0 -21.5 -21.5
Sierra Leone 9.6 42.9 26.8 19.0 18.0 -2.4 -3.8 2.8 14.4 36.6 -12.0 -46.7 -24.0 -4.6 18.6
Solomon Islands 13.3 16.2 13.3 11.4 8.8 -4.9 17.8 17.4 7.6 5.9 -18.2 1.7 4.0 -3.8 -2.9
Somalia 21.0 20.7 20.8 20.7 20.7 19.7 19.4 19.5 19.4 19.4 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3 -1.3
South Sudan - - 8.6 8.9 9.1 - - -1.0 5.6 17.0 - - -9.5 -3.3 7.9
Sudana 17.2 16.9 19.2 19.3 19.2 16.1 16.8 7.7 8.6 8.2 -1.1 -0.1 -11.4 -10.8 -11.0
Timor-Leste 5.0 18.6 15.4 12.8 15.6 59.8 63.5 61.3 60.1 61.6 54.8 44.9 45.9 47.3 46.0
Togo 16.1 22.9 31.9 31.3 31.7 -8.8 -2.0 10.2 -7.1 -5.0 -24.9 -24.9 -21.7 -38.4 -36.7
Tuvalu 62.6 50.0 48.8 49.7 48.2 -2.8 -1.4 2.1 -0.1 -1.3 -65.4 -51.4 -46.7 -49.8 -49.5
Uganda 27.4 31.7 32.0 31.6 30.7 15.3 17.7 20.9 22.1 18.7 -12.1 -14.0 -11.1 -9.5 -12.0
United Republic of Tanzania 27.7 37.5 36.0 35.0 35.5 24.6 25.1 25.1 22.9 25.6 -3.1 -12.3 -10.9 -12.1 -9.9
Vanuatu 27.5 32.3 26.4 30.3 29.6 21.0 25.2 25.0 24.2 24.8 -6.5 -7.1 -1.4 -6.1 -4.9
Yemen 18.1 15.8 23.6 22.3 21.6 26.7 28.0 27.1 28.5 29.2 8.6 12.2 3.4 6.2 7.6
Zambia 27.6 29.2 32.8 34.2 32.7 17.1 18.7 17.1 21.6 16.0 -10.5 -10.5 -15.7 -12.6 -16.7
LDCs 22.1 27.3 28.8 29.6 30.0 20.2 22.6 22.5 22.4 23.0 -1.9 -4.7 -6.3 -7.2 -7.0 African LDCs and Haiti 22.3 28.1 29.6 31.0 31.1 21.5 23.5 23.5 23.3 23.4 -0.8 -4.6 -6.1 -7.7 -7.7
Asian LDCs 21.8 25.9 27.7 27.5 28.4 17.4 20.3 19.9 20.6 22.1 -4.5 -5.6 -7.8 -6.9 -6.3
Island LDCs 12.2 20.0 16.9 15.4 16.5 31.4 40.6 39.1 34.1 34.8 19.2 20.6 22.2 18.7 18.3
ODCs 26.3 30.8 30.9 31.1 31.1 32.2 33.9 33.8 33.7 34.2 5.9 3.1 2.9 2.6 3.1
Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADstat database (accessed October 2016).
Notes: a The Sudan includes South Sudan until 2011.
6. Share of value added in main economic sectors in LDCs, by country and country groups, 1991, 2000, 2014
(percentage of GDP)Country
Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing
Industry
Services Manufacturing Non-manufacturing
1990 2000 2014 1990 2000 2014 1990 2000 2014 1990 2000 2014
Afghanistan 35.7 57.0 25.7 20.2 16.8 11.9 3.5 6.4 10.2 40.6 19.8 52.2
Angola 18.0 5.7 4.9 4.9 2.9 3.9 36.2 70.2 52.2 41.1 21.2 38.9
Bangladesh 31.5 25.5 16.1 13.4 15.2 17.4 8.0 10.1 10.2 47.2 49.2 56.3
Benin 35.4 25.5 23.0 7.5 23.4 14.1 5.2 8.0 8.6 51.9 43.1 54.3
Bhutan 37.1 27.4 17.1 8.2 8.4 9.0 18.0 27.6 34.9 36.7 36.6 39.0
Burkina Faso 28.8 32.8 35.4 14.3 13.2 7.3 6.7 8.4 16.9 50.3 45.6 40.3
Burundi 52.4 40.5 41.1 16.8 13.2 11.7 4.3 5.7 6.2 26.5 40.7 40.9
Cambodia 50.1 37.8 30.5 7.3 16.9 16.3 4.4 6.2 10.8 38.2 39.1 42.4
Central African Republic 36.0 41.4 41.9 18.9 10.9 18.2 7.4 8.0 5.7 37.7 39.7 34.3
Chad 27.3 33.4 24.4 8.4 7.0 11.5 7.9 5.7 28.6 56.4 53.8 35.5
Comoros 40.4 39.3 33.6 4.1 4.0 6.9 4.0 11.5 3.7 51.5 45.3 55.8
Dem. Rep. of the Congo 30.9 32.3 21.5 11.3 10.0 16.4 17.6 12.6 27.1 40.2 45.1 35.0
Djibouti 3.1 3.5 3.2 3.6 2.6 2.4 18.4 12.6 20.4 74.9 81.3 74.0
Equatorial Guinea 61.9 8.3 1.7 1.6 0.2 0.2 9.0 87.9 94.0 27.6 3.7 4.2
Eritrea _ 15.1 17.2 _ 11.2 6.0 _ 11.8 17.6 _ 61.9 59.2
Ethiopiaa 41.1 47.8 41.9 11.1 5.8 4.1 5.3 6.6 11.2 42.5 39.8 42.8
Gambia 17.8 23.8 19.7 8.2 6.6 5.5 5.6 7.8 9.7 68.4 61.7 65.1
Guinea 19.6 22.7 18.0 3.0 3.0 8.6 30.5 29.7 32.8 47.0 44.6 40.6
Guinea-Bissau 44.6 43.3 46.0 3.9 13.9 12.2 14.3 0.8 2.1 37.2 41.9 39.7
Haiti 30.9 23.5 17.6 14.2 10.0 9.4 9.7 22.0 28.2 45.2 44.6 44.8
Kiribati 24.8 23.6 25.2 9.6 4.8 6.7 4.4 9.4 4.2 61.2 62.2 63.9
Lao People's Dem. Rep. 45.1 43.5 23.9 4.0 7.8 8.1 8.4 11.0 25.4 42.5 37.8 42.5
Lesotho 18.6 11.9 8.0 9.6 13.6 12.6 9.4 16.8 18.6 62.4 57.7 60.8
Liberia 53.4 71.8 70.1 11.2 0.3 5.7 5.3 0.3 5.6 30.0 27.6 18.6
Madagascar 31.8 28.9 25.7 12.2 12.2 14.0 1.8 3.7 4.6 54.1 55.2 55.6
Malawi 46.0 41.4 29.0 21.8 14.9 9.3 8.8 4.6 6.4 23.4 39.1 55.3
Maldives 8.0 5.2 3.5 4.1 4.8 4.9 5.3 7.1 13.2 82.6 82.9 78.4
Mali 47.8 36.3 39.5 8.1 7.2 8.3 5.3 13.7 14.0 38.8 42.9 38.2
Mauritania 45.8 35.9 20.6 7.7 11.1 7.1 15.4 16.3 37.3 31.1 36.7 35.0
Mozambique 37.1 22.8 24.6 16.0 16.8 9.6 2.5 6.1 11.0 44.5 54.2 54.7
Myanmar 57.3 57.2 27.9 7.8 7.2 19.9 2.8 2.5 14.5 32.2 33.1 37.7
Nepal 48.4 37.7 32.5 6.0 9.2 6.3 6.3 8.1 8.8 39.3 45.0 52.4
Niger 34.0 41.2 39.2 6.4 6.4 6.3 11.0 6.3 14.5 48.6 46.1 39.9
Rwanda 44.0 39.2 35.0 12.3 7.0 5.1 7.2 6.4 10.1 36.5 47.4 49.8
Samoa 22.2 16.7 9.2 16.2 15.0 10.0 11.1 11.8 14.9 50.6 56.6 65.8
Sao Tome and Principe 27.6 20.0 22.4 7.3 7.2 3.7 10.6 10.1 6.3 54.5 62.6 67.7
Senegal 19.1 19.1 15.3 17.2 14.7 14.1 6.1 8.6 10.2 57.6 57.6 60.4
Sierra Leone 48.1 48.3 52.3 3.5 3.3 2.0 5.6 6.1 13.2 42.8 42.2 32.4
Solomon Islands 45.5 34.7 28.2 3.7 8.0 8.4 4.2 4.7 7.4 46.6 52.6 55.9
Somalia 69.3 60.2 60.2 2.0 2.5 2.5 4.0 4.9 4.9 24.7 32.5 32.5
South Sudan _ _ 4.1 _ _ 2.9 _ _ 56.1 _ _ 36.9
Sudanb 41.4 37.1 32.2 6.0 5.7 9.6 6.1 11.7 12.3 46.5 45.6 45.9
Timor-Leste _ _ 3.8 _ _ 0.2 _ _ 83.9 _ _ 12.1
Togo 37.9 37.8 46.7 10.5 9.2 6.4 14.8 10.5 13.0 36.9 42.4 33.9
Tuvalu 25.6 19.4 25.9 1.5 0.8 1.1 13.0 7.0 7.2 59.8 72.8 65.8
Uganda 46.6 32.2 27.0 7.1 10.3 10.0 4.7 8.6 11.9 41.6 48.8 51.1
United Republic of Tanzania 29.7 31.5 31.1 10.0 8.2 6.0 6.6 9.0 18.5 53.7 51.2 44.3
Vanuatu 23.9 25.6 25.9 5.3 4.8 3.9 4.6 7.7 5.0 66.2 61.9 65.2
Yemen 22.6 12.2 14.7 7.4 5.3 8.2 15.7 36.8 29.1 54.2 45.7 48.0
Zambia 17.0 17.4 9.3 29.4 10.2 7.9 18.7 14.8 23.2 35.0 57.6 59.6
LDCs 33.8 29.8 21.3 10.8 10.2 10.2 11.2 15.6 23.3 44.2 44.4 45.2
African LDCs and Haiti 32.7 29.7 21.7 10.5 8.5 7.3 12.8 17.7 28.3 44.0 44.1 42.7
Asian LDCs 36.3 30.0 20.7 11.8 12.6 15.6 7.5 12.7 13.7 44.5 44.7 50.0
Island LDCs 35.2 31.2 13.1 5.0 5.9 2.5 5.3 7.8 53.7 54.6 55.1 30.6
ODCs 13.7 9.4 8.5 19.0 15.6 20.6 18.5 21.3 17.5 48.8 53.7 53.3
Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADstat database (accessed October 2016).
Notes: a Ethiopia include Eritrea until 1991. b The Sudan includes South Sudan until 2011.
7. Foreign direct investment inflows, by region and economy, 2002–2015, selected years
(Millions of dollars)2002–2008 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Afghanistan 155.3 83.4 93.8 69.3 53.6 58.0
Angola 994.5 - 3 023.8 - 6 898.0 - 7 120.0 1 921.7 8 680.9
Bangladesh 648.1 1 136.4 1 292.6 1 599.2 1 551.3 2 235.4
Benin 93.3 161.1 229.6 360.2 405.2 229.3
Bhutan 20.5 28.6 49.1 13.7 31.6 12.1
Burkina Faso 82.2 143.7 329.3 490.3 356.8 167.4
Burundi 0.7 3.4 - 7.3 47.1 7.4
Cambodia 419.6 1 372.5 1 835.2 1 872.4 1 720.1 1 701.0
Central African Republic 35.8 36.9 70.0 1.9 3.5 3.0
Chad 267.2 281.9 579.8 520.2 - 675.5 600.2
Comoros 2.2 23.1 10.4 4.2 4.7 5.1
Democratic Republic of the Congo 720.8 1 686.9 3 312.1 2 098.2 1 843.2 1 673.5
Djibouti 87.3 79.0 110.0 286.0 153.0 124.0
Equatorial Guinea 434.5 1 975.0 985.3 730.7 319.6 316.2
Eritrea 19.3 39.0 41.4 43.9 46.5 49.3
Ethiopia 343.7 626.5 278.6 1 281.3 2 132.0 2 167.6
Gambia 54.2 66.0 93.4 37.6 28.4 10.6
Guinea 172.6 956.0 605.4 135.3 68.0 85.0
Guinea-Bissau 9.3 25.0 6.6 19.6 28.9 18.3
Haiti 45.2 119.0 156.0 160.4 99.0 104.2
Kiribati 0.8 0.7 - 3.4 1.1 8.1 1.7
Lao People's Democratic Republic 115.3 300.8 294.4 426.7 720.8 1 219.8
Lesotho 79.3 149.0 138.0 123.0 162.0 169.0
Liberia 150.9 785.3 984.6 1 061.3 276.7 512.3
Madagascar 367.8 809.8 812.5 567.1 350.7 517.5
Malawi 97.9 128.8 129.5 119.5 130.0 142.5
Mali 148.2 556.1 397.9 307.9 144.0 152.9
Mauritania 288.9 588.7 1 388.6 1 125.7 500.2 495.0
Mozambique 338.6 3 558.5 5 629.4 6 175.1 4 901.8 3 710.8
Myanmar 577.6 1 117.7 496.9 584.3 946.2 2 824.0
Nepal - 0.3 95.5 92.0 71.3 29.6 51.4
Niger 83.5 1 065.8 841.3 719.1 821.9 525.0
Rwanda 33.9 119.1 255.0 257.6 458.9 471.2
Sao Tome and Principe 25.6 32.2 22.5 5.8 27.1 28.5
Senegal 166.8 338.2 276.2 311.3 402.6 345.2
Sierra Leone 53.8 950.5 722.5 429.7 403.9 518.7
Solomon Islands 32.0 120.2 23.9 53.4 20.6 21.1
Somalia 48.9 102.0 107.3 446.0 434.0 516.0
South Sudan - - 161.0 - 793.0 - 419.0 - 277.0
Sudana 1 455.7 1 734.4 2 311.0 1 687.9 1 251.3 1 736.8
Timor-Leste 9.0 47.1 38.5 49.6 49.3 43.0
Togo 53.4 711.1 121.5 183.5 53.9 52.7
Tuvalu - - 0.1 1.7 0.7 0.6 0.6
Uganda 461.1 894.3 1 205.4 1 096.0 1 058.6 1 057.3
United Republic of Tanzania 618.5 1 229.4 1 799.6 2 087.3 2 049.3 1 531.5
Vanuatu 37.2 70.5 77.6 - 19.4 - 18.2 29.1
Yemen 494.2 - 518.4 - 531.0 - 133.6 - 1 787.0 - 1 191.0
Zambia 594.2 1 110.0 2 433.4 1 809.8 3 194.8 1 653.0
LDCs 10 939.3 21 916.7 23 408.1 21 366.4 26 311.2 35 107.1
African LDCs and Haiti 8,402.2 18,006.7 19,614.0 16,767.7 22,952.7 28,067.3
Asian LDCs 2,430.3 3,616.4 3,622.9 4,503.2 3,266.2 6,910.7
Island LDCs 106.9 293.6 171.2 95.4 92.3 129.1
ODCs 341 172.6 648 232.6 635 365.7 641 039.2 672 182.4 729 563.4
Source: UNCTAD, FDI/MNE database (www.unctad.org/fdistatistics).
Notes: a The Sudan include South Sudan until 2011.
