HI
UNITED NATIONS
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL
Distr, LIMITED
//
19 December 1972 original : FRENCH
ECONOMIC COMMISSION R)R AFRICA
FEEDER LINKS "FROM CHAD TO 5BB TRA^S-AFRIC/JJ HIGHWAY
TABLE OF CtiwTEflTS
Paragraphs
Introduction --- 1-7
Feeder link in the Central African Republic - - 3-13
14-19 Feeder link in Cameroon
— 20 — 21 Feeder link in Nigeria
22-25
Conclusions- ---
Annexes : Table I Road traffic from Bangui to Chad from 1st April 1967 "to 31 March 196-
Table II : Road traffic forecast goods and passengers for 1973-1974 from Bangui to Chad
Map of feeder links '
1 - 2 2-3 3-5
6 6 - 7
9
10
1572-^1378
Introduction :
, in chad, all roads lead to Fort-Lamy on the Chari Hivor. Apart from
small trails, which are usually earth trails, the road system comprises three torches. There is a western branch in the direction of Cameroon and Nigeria, an eastern branch ^ich goes towards Abeche and the Sudanand a southern branch, which forks at Guelengdeng, one fork going towards Sarh (former Fort Archan.ba.lt) and Sido, and the second for* going towards Boba and Gore. Sido and Sore are townships on the border between Chad and
the Central African Republic.
2 The road network of Chad may be linked to the Trans - African Highway
in the ^+~i *™™° "lie by the road going from Fort-Lamy to
Guelengdeng to Gore (in Chad) to Bossangoa and Bossembele (in C.A.R. °r by the route Fort-Lamy - Guelengdeng - Sarh (former Fort Archambault) -
Sido (Chad) - Kabo - Sibut (or Kabo) - Bamara. Another possible link isin the United Republic of Cameroon by the road Fort-Lamy - Fort-FoureaM - Maltam - Maroua - Garoua - Nga^ndere - Tibati, almost all of which is
in Cameroon, Finally the link may be made in the F^era! Republic of
Mgeria by the route Fort-Lamy - Fotokol (in Cameroon) - Ugala - llaiduguri jos - Makurdi - Enugu (in l.igeria).
3 At the meeting on feeder links to the Trans - African Highway held in Addis Ababa from 12 to 13 September 1972, the representative of Chad
expressed the hope of his Government that once the Highway reached Damara
(Central African Republic), a branch road would be constructed thraugh
the Central African Republic as far as Sido and from there to SarhKoumra, Lob.,- Itoundou (in chad), Mgaoundere and Banyo (in Cameroon).
He also suggested that consideration should be given to the 54- 1™.
Fort-Lamy - Guelengden* - Bousso - Sarh road and to the road Fort-Lamy - Guelengdeng - Bougor - L,t - Teba - Gore (6O5 Km. in all) continuing on
through Bossembele, Sarh, Abeche and Adre.
4 The Government of the Central African Republic has also expressed the hope that the feeder link from Chad through its territory would fol low the route Sido - Kabo - Cran-.pel - Sxbut. There is not a great deal
of difference between the two proposals.
Page 2/
5. It is only from Kabo that the Sarh - Sido - Eamara road favoured by Chad differs from the route favoured by the Central African Republic. From
*Kabo, the route proposed by the C0A,R0 goes via Crampel, Dekoa and Sibut
rather than via Batangafo and Bouca, .
6. Thus, there is no objection in principle to making the Sarh - Sido- Crampel - Sibut - Damara road the feeder link from the south of Chad to the Trans - African Highway.
7. However, the information available is insufficient on which to base a final decision regarding the most economically viable feeder link from the road system in Chad to the Transafrican Highway* Additional prefeasi- -bility studies- are needed for making a final selection.
1. FINDER LINK IN THS C^'TRAL AiffilCAN REPUBLIC '-see map, route v (i)
The Sarh - Damara road
o. This road covers a distance of ?60 kilometers, of which the 110 kilometers from Damara to Sibut constitute a section of the Trans.
Highway. Of the remaining 450 km, 125 km are in Chad and 325 km are in the
Central African Republic.
A. Chad section, from Sarh to Sido (12'5 km)
9. This is an improved earth road. Its various improvements were financed out of Chad road funds and include the construction of drainage systems-
10. Ho opecific information is available as to the nature of these impro- -vements nor as to the studies and work required for this section.
B. C..A.R. section, from Sido to Sibut (325 km) - , . ,.
11. The present road may be described as follows :
Sido_- Kabo (62 km) This is an all-weather earth road ; however, road blocks are occasionally erected during the raining season.
Kobo - Crampel (106 km). This is an earth trail, which is difficult
to traverse in the rainy season.
Page 3
This is a fairly good all-weather earth road
Eometimes erected in tne rainy season. Howeveraj.uii^-&** . + i+ j« estimated that
some improvements axe necessary, for in. . + + Tiin* 26 km should be constructed,
deviations totalling ib hh w . ...
, pl abo road forms part of the international road
12. The Sibut - Crampel - r ^.^^ault). BCM
^tweenBangu. a»d -«-^ ^.^U road under a contract
out a stud., of the Bangux - Sarh ^
5 r;L(r
car
=55: rr:rrt:rr;L(ribu,y j r 19«8. The purpose o th, dy internationaa road by running it farther
-fying the Bogangolo - Bouca ^ ^^^ Qut in
h Sibut and 0«P^^^
-fying the Bgg
to the east, through Sibut and 0«P^
two phases. The first phase, wh.ch was
coveted in ^ -d ^
The second and technical
with a decision taken aover^ts of Chad and
stuay -d signed a contrac
its preliminary conclusions to the
13. In WO, a set of wae filed wxth the
oOBt of the engineering 63 million WA --
Qut in
in ohara,ter, was
^ studies,,
in 1969 in accordance
deoided to continue the
^ has just transmitted
oonments.
the studies considered necessary w) in Brussels. The estimated
-
^^ reoonBtruotion
systems and bitumen surfacing
14 The ao^ent of Chad also proposed a feeder link from
L to the Tr^safrica, Highway via .ba, ,oundou, Be.na^
Tohollire, Gamba, Ngao^dere and Banyo (Cameroon).
Chad),
Page 4
15. Another feeder link to the Cameroon section of the Trans - African Highway, on which improvements are still freing effected, is the Port-Lamy Haroua - Garoua - Ngaoundere - Martap - flalarba road '
16. The condition of the road is as follows :
(a) From feoundou to the^neroon^rontier,^^). The rOad ^ of an unimproved earth trail, which is barely passable. It tra
verses a rather low-lying area, where there are flood zones.
The section between Moundou and Tapol (about 50 km in length)
is impassable during the rainy season.
the frontier t.o tJle_^rsec1ionwith.theJgaoundere -
Garoua road_(?j[2 Jon)
; The road here is an earth forest trail, which traverses two national
parks the Bouband.idah and the Benoue. The trail is not very straight and the existing alignment will require many modifications.
(c) . l^om the inters^tionj^i^aounderelijoja). This rOad
the Fort-Lamy -itoarta roadj desoribed
17. The Chad Government believes that » is prepared to consider improving
this whole section *
this whole section,
B• The Fort-Lamy - jjala^A. -»nad jOg
13. This road links up with the Transafrican Highway at Halarba, between Meidougou and Tibati. A great deal of work is stin beiag dene on it, and
it presents a problem for Chad since it is all tf, Cameroon territory Bo that
any improvements are the responsibility of Cameroon.
19. Its condition from south to north may be described as follows : "
- Hartap - fjgaoundere (14JW^.
Between Malarba and Hartap the existing road consists of an
passable trail , however, studies costing 5 million CFA fran0B
are under way with a view to selecting an alignment. This work is being handled by the Department of Roads.Page 5/
(b) Npaounderp. - Gamba - Garoua ( 259 tan).
This section is part of the main link between north and south Cameroon. On 1 June 1966 EOF pledged US»3,2i6,oOO to improve it.
It later granted a loan of USti.620,000 to construct the Benoue bridge, south of Garoua. The road is now being asphalted at a cost of five thousand million CFA francs (US&20,000) provided by the World Bank and Cameroon. This work is due,to be completed
on 1 May 1974°
~ Mora (2'5O tan)
(c) Garoua -
An ;6 km, two-lane road from Garoua to Figuil was asphalted in 1961-1962 at a cost of US$1,495,000 allocated by EDF. The feasibility study and engineering designs of the Figuil - tfo section are being carried out simultaneously. Both will be com pleted in July 1973 for a cost of 160 million CFA francs
"(USS 64,OuO) provided under joint financing by the World Bank and Cameroon. These studies are ejected to lead to bitumen surfacing, which will take from 2 to 3 years, beginning in
July 1974=
(d) Mora-ilaltam (19^ km)
The entire road is asphalted and in very good condition.
(e) Maltam - Fort-Foureau (20 kmj
The section is an earth road, which is difficult to negociate in the rainy season. The engineering study was recently comple ted but does not include an economic survey.
(f) Bridge over the Chari. between Fort-goigsaTL^^J5££-IiSBg:
Several years ago studies were carried out regarding the
construction of a bridge to replace the 45"ton ferry. Cameroon and Chad recently agreed on the construction of such a bridge however, as yet,, no final decision has been taken as to where
it will cross the Chari, , ,. :. , ;
Page 6
III- FEEDER LINK IN NIGERIA : see map, route v (IV)
20. The most direct route from Chad to the Transafrican Highway in Nigeria is the Fort-Lamy- Kaiduguri - tfnugu road. However, in addition to its being wholly situated outside the territory of Chad, is very long. There are
1 ,325 km between Fort-Lamy and £nugu, the point at which it joins the Highway.
From Maiduguri to 2nugu, a distance of more than 1f 000 km, it is paralleled by the Nigerian railroad to Port Harcourt.
21. The condition of the road is as follows :
(a) Fort-Lamy - Fort-Foureau, See above,
(b) £'ort-Foureau - tlaltam - Ngala (99 km). This whole section is in
Cameroonian territoryD Since it traverses a flood zone, it is . barely passable during much of the rainy season. It is, however,
an improved road, (it probably has a laterite surface.) Chad
is responsibl , for the cost of maintaining it.
(c) Nigerian section
( i) Ngala - Maiduguri (13J km) This is an improved earth road
of the same description as the section which precedes ito
( ii) Maiduguri - Jos ('3)9 km) ° This is an asphalt road, which
has two lanes for 230 km and a single lane for 309 km.
(iii) Jo_s-5nugu (5 3 6 km). This is a single-lane, asphalt road
for 31o km and an improved earth road for 276 km. :
CONCLUSIONS . .'
22. Of the three possible feeder links from Chad to the Trans-African Highway, the one which handles the most traffic at present is the 45O km Sarh - Kabo - Crampel road, which is an international route formerly main
-tained by the Agence Transequatoriale des Communications" This is the road
which handles the majority of Chad's international trade via Pointe Noire, Brazzaville and Bangui. Ife is also the shortest route to the Trans - African Highway.
•
E/GN.14/TRAUS/39
Page 7
23. The road trough the north of Cameroon which traverses Ngaoundere,
Garoua, BtJou*, J Fort-Bureau is one of Cameroon's national priorities
in connexion with the Opening up of the northern part of the country.
The whole ??oad wil3j be completed within the next few years. It consti tutes an extension of the trans-Gameroonian railway, which is currently under construction. The Yaounde - Belabo section has been completed, and the Belabo- - Ngaoundere section is under construction.
24. The road to Nigeria although it seems less attractive for Chad since thera is already a railway from Port Earcourt to Maiduguri which handles pa~t - albeit a very ntf. part - of Chad's trade is nevertheless the most
direct route to the seavi a Port Harcourt or Lagos. The question of extending iV as far as Fort-Lamy was raised at the third meeting of the Lake Chad Basin Commission* held in Garoua from 25 to 23 October 1963, *»t Chad favoured
exten«aing Lo trans-Cameroonian railw&y into southern Chad as being of
priority importance in opening up that part of the country.
25o Finally, it should be noted, that tt the same meeting, a sub-commition was asked to' co-ordinate transportation througnout the Chad Basin and to make a oor^hensiv. -inventory of existing studies or projects on the transportation infrastructure affecting the Basin. These studies should be available at th, he^^rters of the Lake Chad Basin Commission at
Fort-.--L cri
TABLEI
so
CO Sections
I.Bangui—Sido
Bangui-Damra
Baraara-Bouca
Bouca-Batangafo
Batangafo-Kabo
Kabo-Sido
Totals
II-Bangui-Bedao^o
Bangui-Boali
Boali-Bossembela
Bosserabele-Bossangoa
Bossangoa-BebouraIII
BebouraIII-Bedaogo
Totals Length
76213
9160
62508
8077
15243 Roadtraffic'fromBanguitoChad
From1stApril1967to31March1968
500 Tonnages105,39155,41254,24152,62952,629320,302107
f
104>80576,81464,65761.915
415,319 Tonnagesxkm(1000)3,01011,8035,2613,1583,26231,4948,5708,07011,3689,8282,662
40498 Passengers100,000
26,000
20,000
6,000
6,000
160,000 Passengersxkm(1000)
7,600
5,536
1,940
480
372
15,930
84,000
84,000
26?OOO
4,000
2,000
200f000 6,9206,4683,848
60886
17,730 Equivalentonnages138,72464,07860,90755,29553,799372,803135,128132,805&5,48065,99062,581
4819% Equivalenttonnagesxkm(1000)
10,54313,6495,908
3,318
3,336
36J54
10,810
10,226
12,651
10,0302,691
46,408
TABLEII Roadtrafficforecastgoodsandpassengersfor 1973-1974fr0ICBanguitoChad Sections Bangui-Sido Bangui—Damara Damara-Bouca Bouca-Batangafo Batangafo-Kabo Kabo-Sido Totals
Length Bangui-Bedaogo Bangui-Boali Boali-Bossembele Bossembele-Bossangoa Bossangoa-BebouraIII BebouraIII-Bedaogo Totals
76 213 97 60 62 508 80 77 I48 152 43 500
Tonnages 172 72 69 64 158 15* 115 85 81 593
(1000) Highassum ption
Passengers ■1000) 199 77 73 67 67 172 169 123 95 94 653
144 32 24 10 216 112 112 35 5 3 267
Equivalenttonnages Pensengers<Goods jlowassum--;Highassum- ]ptionjption
Equivalenttonnagas(qooo LowAssum-IHigh oniptxoniiti 220 83 77 67 67 514 195 191 127 87 82 682
247 88 81 70 70 356 209 206 135 97 95 742
16720 17679 7469 4020 4154 50O42 15600 U707 18796 13224 3526 65853
18772 18744 7857 4200 *343 53916 16720 15862 19980 U744 4085 71391
