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SPAM : a multiprocessor execution driven simulation Kernel

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HAL Id: inria-00074707

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00074707

Submitted on 24 May 2006

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SPAM : a multiprocessor execution driven simulation Kernel

Alain Gefflaut, Philippe Joubert

To cite this version:

Alain Gefflaut, Philippe Joubert. SPAM : a multiprocessor execution driven simulation Kernel. [Re- search Report] RR-1966, INRIA. 1993. �inria-00074707�

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ISSN 0249-6399

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE

a p p o r t

d e r e c h e r c h e

1 9 9 3

PROGRAMME 1

Architectures parallèles, bases de données, réseaux et systèmes distribués

SPAM: A Multiprocessor Execution Driven Simulation Kernel

Alain Gefflaut, Philippe Joubert

N˚ 1966

mars 1993

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lock(v)

lock(v) i := i+1 if i=1 then unlock(v) C1 else unlock(v) C2 fi end

lock(v) i := i+1 if i=1 then unlock(v) C1 else unlock(v) C2 fi end

lock(v)

lock(v)

lock(v)

unlock(v)

unlock(v) unlock(v)

C1

C1

C2 simulator

1 2

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lock(v) i := i+1 if i=1 then unlock(v) C1 else unlock(v) C2 fi end

lock(v) i := i+1 if i=1 then unlock(v) C1 else unlock(v) C2 fi end lock(v)

i := i+1 if i=1 then unlock(v) C1 else unlock(v) C2 fi end

lock(v) i := i+1 if i=1 then unlock(v) C1 else unlock(v) C2 fi end

lock(v) i := i+1 if i=1 then unlock(v) C1 else unlock(v) C2 fi end lock(v)

i := i+1 if i=1 then unlock(v) C1 else unlock(v) C2 fi end

simulator

simulator simulator

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