• Aucun résultat trouvé

Sorption of methyl orange from aqueous solution on chitosan biomass

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "Sorption of methyl orange from aqueous solution on chitosan biomass"

Copied!
6
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)

Procedia Earth and Planetary Science 15 ( 2015 ) 596 – 601

1878-5220 © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Peer-review under responsibilty of the Organizing Commitee of WMESS 2015. doi: 10.1016/j.proeps.2015.08.109

ScienceDirect

:RUOG0XOWLGLVFLSOLQDU\(DUWK6FLHQFHV6\PSRVLXP:0(66

6RUSWLRQRI0HWK\O2UDQJHIURP$TXHRXV6ROXWLRQRQ&KLWRVDQ

%LRPDVV

)HOOD1DRXHO$OORXFKH

D

1RXUHGLQH<DVVDD

E

+DNLP/RXQLFL

F

aBioenergy and Environment Laboratory, Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables, B.P. 62, Route de l’Observatoire, Bouzaréah,

16340-Alger, Algeria.

bCentre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables, B.P. 62, Route de l’Observatoire, Bouzaréah, 16340-Alger, Algeria. n.yassaa@cder.dz. cEcole Nationale Polytechnique d’Alger, Laboratoire des Biotechnologies Environnementales et Génie des Procédés, 10, Hacen Badi, El

Harrach-Alger, Algeria.

$EVWUDFW

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‹7KH$XWKRUV3XEOLVKHGE\(OVHYLHU%9 3HHUUHYLHZXQGHUUHVSRQVLELOLW\RIWKHRUJDQL]LQJFRPPLWWHHRI:0(66 Keywords:&KLWRVDQ0HWK\ORUDQJHVRUSWLRQLVRWKHUPPRGHOLQJ &RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU7HO  ID[   E-mail address:DOORXFKHQDRXHO#\DKRRIU

© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

(2)

,1752'8&7,21

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aterials 7KHFKLWRVDQXVHGLVVXSSOLHGE\WKH$EHU6RFLHW\ 3ORXYLHQ)UDQFH ,WLVREWDLQHGIURPWKHFUXVWDFHDQVKHOOV FKLWLQ H[WUDFWLRQ DQG LW LV SUHVHQWHG LQ D UDZ VWDWH DV D  PP VL]H IODNHV ,W LV FKDUDFWHUL]HG E\ DQ DYHUDJH GHDFHW\ODWLRQUDWHQHDUDQGDQDYHUDJHPROHFXODUZHLJKW 0: ZDVDERXWJPRO *XLEDOHWDO  7KHELRVRUEHQWVXVHGIRUVRUSWLRQDUHREWDLQHGE\JULQGLQJ -.&UXVKHU,.$/DERUWHFKQLN8QLYHUVDOPKOH0  DQGVLHYLQJ VLHYH6WDLQOHVV26,1); DFFRUGLQJWRWKHSDUWLFOHVL]HGLVWULEXWLRQUHSDUWLWLRQ$QDO\WLFDOJUDGH

(3)

PHWK\ORUDQJH &+11D26PROHFXODUZHLJKW ZDVREWDLQHGIURP0HUFNDQGZDVXVHGDVUHFHLYHG 7KHG\HVROXWLRQZDVSUHSDUHGDWWKHGHVLUHGFRQFHQWUDWLRQXVLQJGLVWLOOHGZDWHU



2.2. Batch adsorption experiments

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±YLVVSHFWURSKRWRPHWHU$OOH[SHULPHQWVZHUH FDUULHGRXWLQGXSOLFDWH

2.3. Adsorption capacity measurement

7KHDQDO\VLVRIFRQFHQWUDWLRQRI02ZDVFDUULHGRXWE\PHDVXULQJRIWKHDEVRUEDQFHRI02DWQPE\XVLQJ D 89 VSHFWURPHWHU 0RGHO %LRPDWH 899LV 6SHFWURSKRWRPHWHU  DEVRUEDQFH PD[LPXP  QP  $ FDOLEUDWLRQ FXUYH ZDV SORWWHG EHWZHHQ WKH DEVRUEDQFH DQG WKH FRQFHQWUDWLRQ RI WKH 02 VROXWLRQ WR REWDLQ WKH DEVRUEDQFH± FRQFHQWUDWLRQ SURILOH 7KH DPRXQW RI 02 XSWDNH SHU XQLW RI DGVRUEHQW T  ZDV FDOFXODWHG XVLQJ WKH IROORZLQJ HTXDWLRQV ݍ̴݁ ൌ ሺ̴ሺͲሻ െ ̴ሺ‡ሻሻȀ  ZKHUH&LLVWKHLQLWLDO02FRQFHQWUDWLRQ PJ/í &HLVWKH02FRQFHQWUDWLRQDWWKHDGVRUSWLRQHTXLOLEULXP PJ /í 9LVWKHYROXPHRI02VROXWLRQ / DQGPLVWKHZHLJKWRIWKHFKLWRVDQ J 7KHFRQFHQWUDWLRQRIUHVLGXDOG\H LQWKHVROXWLRQZDVGHWHUPLQHGE\89VSHFWURSKRWRPHWU\ 2.4. Material characterization

6DPSOHV RI FKLWRVDQ IUDFWLRQ *  FKDUDFWHUL]HG E\ (QYLURQPHQWDO 6FDQQLQJ (OHFWURQ 0LFURVFRSH (6(0  4XDQWD )(*  7KH PRUSKRORJ\ SRURVLW\ SDUWLFOH VL]H DQG VXUIDFH URXJKQHVV RI WKH FKLWRVDQ ZHUH DQDO\]HG )7,5VSHFWUDZHUHREWDLQHGXVLQJD 6+,0$'=86 VSHFWURPHWHU

5HVXOWVDQGGLVFXVVLRQ

3.1. Characteristics of the adsorbent material

x )RXULHU7UDQVIRUP,QIUDUHG6SHFWURVFRS\

&KLWRVDQ D QDWXUDO OLQHDU FRSRO\PHU WKDW LV SULPDULO\ FRPSRVHG RI ȕ ĺ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

(4)



)LJ)7,56SHFWUDRI $ FKLWRVDQEHIRUH D DQGDIWHU E  02 VRUSWLRQ

x 6FDQQLQJHOHFWURQPLFURVFRS\ 6(0 

&KLWRVDQ ZHUH REVHUYHG E\ VFDQQLQJ HOHFWURQ PLFURVFRSH 7KH UHVXOWV VKRZ WKDW UDZ FKLWRVDQ KDV D VPRRWK VXUIDFH DQG LUUHJXODU PRUSKRORJ\ )LJ  D  DQG  E  7KH FKLWRVDQ XVHG LQ WKLV VWXG\ KDV D KRPRJHQHRXV DQG XQLIRUPVWUXFWXUH7KHPLFURVFRSHREVHUYDWLRQFRQILUPVWKHSUHVHQFHRIPDFURVSRUH)LJVKRZVWKH6(0('$; DQDO\VLVEHIRUHDQGDIWHUDGVRUSWLRQRIPHWK\ORUDQJH 02 ,WFDQEHVHHQDIWHUDGVRUSWLRQRIPHWK\ORUDQJH 02  WKDWFKLWRVDQLVWRWDOO\HPEHGGHGLQWKHVXUIDFH   )LJ6(0LPDJHVIRUFKLWRVDQ  D EHIRUHDGVRUSWLRQ —P  E FKLWRVDQDIWHUDGVRUSWLRQRI02 —P  3.2. Adsorption studies

7KH HTXLOLEULXP DGVRUSWLRQ LVRWKHUP RI PHWK\O RUDQJH IURP DQ DTXHRXV VROXWLRQ XVLQJ FKLWRVDQ SRZGHU ZDV LQYHVWLJDWHG LQ EDWFK ,Q WKLV VWXG\ WZR PRGHOV FRPPRQO\ XVHG WKH )UHXQGOLFK   DQG /DQJPXLU   LVRWKHUP ZHUH DSSOLHG WR XQGHUVWDQG WKH G\H±FKLWRVDQ LQWHUDFWLRQ 7KH /DQJPXLU LVRWKHUP LV EDVHG RQ WKH DVVXPSWLRQ RI PRQROD\HU DGVRUSWLRQ RQWR D VXUIDFH FRQWDLQLQJ D ILQLWH QXPEHU RI DGVRUSWLRQ VLWHV RI XQLIRUP HQHUJLHVRIDGVRUSWLRQ7KH)UHXQGOLFKLVRWKHUPGHVFULEHVDKHWHURJHQHRXVV\VWHPDQGUHYHUVLEOHDGVRUSWLRQDQGLV QRW UHVWULFWHG WR PRQROD\HU IRUPDWLRQ 7KH /DQJPXLU DGVRUSWLRQ PRGHO LV EDVHG RQ WKH DVVXPSWLRQ WKDW WKH PD[LPXP DGVRUSWLRQ FRUUHVSRQGV WR D VDWXUDWHG PRQROD\HU RI VROXWH PROHFXOHV RQ WKH DGVRUEHQW VXUIDFH 7KH HTXDWLRQLVJLYHQDV

ݍ௘ൌ “୫„ୣȀͳ ൅ „ୣ

 

,Q(T  THUHSUHVHQWVWKHFRQFHQWUDWLRQDWHTXLOLEULXPLQWKHVROLGTPLVWKHPD[LPXPDPRXQWRIDGVRUSWLRQ RU /DQJPXLU PRQROD\HU VRUSWLRQ FDSDFLW\ PJ J  E LV WKH /DQJPXLU FRQVWDQW / PJí   &

(5)

FRQFHQWUDWLRQ RI PHWDO LQ VROXWLRQ PJ /í  ZKHUH T

PDQG E DUH WKH PRQROD\HU PD[LPXP DGVRUSWLRQ FDSDFLW\ DW VDWXUDWLRQ DQG WKH FRQVWDQW HTXLOLEULXP DGVRUSWLRQ LQGLFDWLQJ WKH DIILQLW\ EHWZHHQ WKH VROLG DQG WKH DGVRUEHQW UHVSHFWLYHO\ 7KH SDUDPHWHU TP DQG E DUH FDOFXODWHG IURP WKH VORSHV DQG LQWHUFHSW EHKLQG WKH OLQHV ZDV PDWKHPDWLFDOO\H[SUHVVHGE\OLQHDUL]HG (TXDWLRQ    ଵ ௤೐ൌ ͳȀݍ௠൅ ͳȀݍ௠ܾܥ௘  7KH/DQJPXLUFRQVWDQWV./DQGTPFDQEHGHWHUPLQHGIURPWKHLQWHUFHSWDQGVORSHRIWKHOLQHDUSORWRITHYHUVXV &H )LJ DQGDUHSUHVHQWHGLQ7DEOH 7DEOH,VRWKHUPSDUDPHWHUVIRUDGVRUSWLRQRIPHWK\ORUDQJHRQFKLWRVDQ     )LJ/DQJPXLUPRGHOVIRU02DGVRUSWLRQRQWRFKLWRVDQDWS+  )LJXUHUHSUHVHQWVWKHHTXLOLEULXPG\HLVRWKHUPRI0HWK\O2UDQJH 02 RQFKLWRVDQ$IWHUG\HDGVRUSWLRQWKH DGVRUSWLRQHTXLOLEULXPTHLQFUHDVHVZLWKLQFUHDVLQJRIG\HFHRQFHQWUDWLRQ,WFDQEHVHHQWKDWWKH/DQJPXLUPRGHO ZDVREYLRXVO\WKHPRVWDSSURSULDWHWRGHVFULEHWKHDGVRUSWLRQSURFHVVGXHWRLWVKLJKFRUUHODWLRQFRHIILFLHQWVUHODWLYH WRWKHRQHVREWDLQHGIURP)UHXQGOLFKPRGHO &KLWRVDQLVIXOO\SURWRQDWHGDWDURXQGS+YDULRXVNLQGVRIG\HVDUHVWXGLHG'RWWRHW3LQWR  VWXGLHG WKHDGVRUSWLRQRIGLIIHUHQWDFLGG\HVRQWRFKLWRVDQVXFKDV$FLGEOHXDQG<HOORZ,TEDOHWDO  ZRUNHGRQ WKHELRVRUSWLRQRI$FLG\HOORZ:RQJHWDORQELRVRUSWLRQ$FLGRUDQJHDQGDFLGJUHHQDFLGUHG DQGUHVSHFWLYHO\7KHDGVRUSWLRQFDSDFLWLHVRQD]RG\HVDUHLQYHVWLJDWHG7DEOHOLVWVDFRPSDULVRQRIWKH PD[LPXPDGVRUSWLRQFDSDFLWLHV TPD[ RI02RQYDULRXVDGVRUEHQWV&DOFLQHG/DSLQGRYROFDQLFPXG&/90KDVD UHODWLYHO\ODUJHDGVRUSWLRQFDSDFLW\ PJ02Jí VXJJHVWLQJWKDWLWPD\EHDSURPLVLQJPDWHULDOIRUUHPRYDO RI D]R G\HV IURP DTXHRXV VROXWLRQV -DOLO HW DO    PJ 02Jí E\ DFWLYDWHG FDUERQ &KHQ HW DO   $GVRUSWLRQFDSDFLWLHVEHWZHHQDQGPJ02JíZHUHREWDLQHGXVLQJDFWLYDWHGDOXPLQD,LGDHWDO  DQG 0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35 0,4 0,45 0,5 0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 1/qe (gmg Ͳ1) 1/Ce(LmgͲ1) /DQJPXLUSDUDPHWHUV S+ TP PJ02J   E /PJ   5    

(6)

%DQDQD SHHO *XUXVDP\ HW DO   ,Q WKLV VWXG\ WKH ELRVRUSWLRQ FDSDFLW\ RI FKLWRVDQ SUHVHQWV DQ LQWHUPHGLDWH YDOXHVEHWZHHQWKHPRGLILHGFKLWRVDQDQGFKLWRVDQEHDGV +XDQJHWDO 'HVSLWHWKLVUHVXOWVFKLWRVDQUHPDLQV FRPSHWLWLYHFRPSDUHGWRRWKHUVFRQYHQWLRQDODGVRUEHQWV  7DEOH&RPSDULVRQPD[LPXPDGVRUSWLRQFDSDFLWLHVRIYDULRXVDGVRUEHQWVIRUPHWK\ORUDQJH 02  %LRVRUEDQW S+ 6SpFLILTXHV H[SpULPHQWDOHV FRQGLWLRQV TPRXTPD[ PJ02J   5HIHUHQFHV &KLWRVDQEHDGV        0RUDLVHWDO   &DOFLQHG/DSLQGR YROFDQLFPXG  ƒ&  -DOLOHWDO  

$FWLYDWHGDOXPLQD  ƒ&  ,LGDHWDO  

%DQDQDSHHO  ƒ&  *XUXVDP\HWDO  

0RGLILHGFKLWRVDQH    +XDQJHWD  

$FWLYDWHGFDUERQPhragmites

australis  ƒ&  &KHQHWDO  

&KLWRVDQ  ƒ&  This study

&RQFOXVLRQ

&KLWRVDQ UHSUHVHQWV DQ DWWUDFWLYH DOWHUQDWLYH WR RWKHU ELRPDWHULDOV PDLQO\ EHFDXVH RI LWV SK\VLFRFKHPLFDO FKDUDFWHULVWLFVFKHPLFDOVWDELOLW\DQGELRGHJUDGDELOLW\7KHSUHVHQWVWXG\LQYHVWLJDWHGWKHDGVRUSWLRQRI02IURP DTXHRXV VROXWLRQV E\ FKLWRVDQ 7KH /DQJPXLU HTXDWLRQ DJUHHG ZLWK WKH HTXLOLEULXP LVRWKHUP IRU DOO WKH FDVHV VWXGLHG7KHPD[LPXPPRQROD\HUDGVRUSWLRQFDSDFLWLHVREWDLQHGIURPWKH/DQJPXLUPRGHOZDVPJJDWƒ& :LWKWKHVHUHVXOWVZHFRQFOXGHWKDWFKLWRVDQLVDQHFRIULHQGO\DGVRUEHQWIRUG\HUHPRYDODWORZFRQFHQWUDWLRQRI FRORUHGZDVWHZDWHUDQGLQGXVWULDOHIIOXHQWV 5HIHUHQFHV  &ULQL*%DGR30$SSOLFDWLRQRIFKLWRVDQDQDWXUDODPLQRSRO\VDFFKDULGHIRUG\HUHPRYDOIURPDTXHRXVVROXWLRQVE\DGVRUSWLRQ SURFHVVHVXVLQJEDWKVWXGLHVDUHYLHZRIUHFHQWOLWHUDWXUH3URJ3RO\P6FL±  &ULQL*%DGRW30*XLEDO(&KLWLQHHWFKLWRVDQHGXELRSRO\PqUHjODSSOLFDWLRQ3UHVVHV8QLY)UDQFKH&RPWpS  5LQDXGR0&KLWLQDQGFKLWRVDQ3URSHUWLHVDQGDSSOLFDWLRQV3URJ3RO\P6FL  .XPDU0195$UHYLHZRIFKLWLQDQGFKLWRVDQDSSOLFDWLRQV5HDFW)XQFW3RO\P  ±  *XLEDO(0LORW&7RELQ-00HWDODQLRQVRUSWLRQE\FKLWRVDQEHDGVHTXLOLEULXPDQGNLQHWLFVWXGLHV,QG(QJ&KHP5HV ±  /DQJPXLU,7KHFRQVWLWXWLRQDQGIXQGDPHQWDOSURSUHWLHVRIVROLGVDQVOLTXLGV-RXUQDORI$PHULFDQFKHPLFDO6RFLHW\  )UHXQGOLFK+0)8EHUGLHDGVRUSWLRQLQORVXQJHQ=3K\V&KHP±  0RUDLV:$GH$OPHLGD$/33HUHLUD05)RQVHFD-/&(TXLOLEULXPDQGNLQHWLFDQDO\VLVRIPHWK\ORUDQJHVRUSWLRQRQ FKLWRVDQVSKHUHV&DUERK\GUDWH5HVHDUFK±  'RWWR*/3LQWR/$$  $GVRUSWLRQRIIRRGG\HVDFLGEOXHDQGIRRG\HOORZRQWRFKLWRVDQ6WLUULQJUDWHHIIHFWLQNLQHWLFVDQG PHFKDQLVP-+D]DUG0DWHU

 :RQJ <& 6]HWR <6&KHXQJ :+ 0FND\ *  $GRVUSWLRQ RI DFLG G\H RQ FKLWRVDQHTXLOLEULXP LVRWKHUP DQDO\VHV 3URFHVV %LRFKHPLVWU\

-DOLO$$67ULZDK\RQR6+D]LUDK$GDP1'5DKLP0$ULI$$]L]D1+DQLV+

+DLURP1$LQL05D]DOLD0$ELGLQD$=.KDLUXO00RKDPDGLDKD$$GVRUSWLRQRIPHWK\ORUDQJHIURPDTXHRXVVROXWLRQ RQWRFDOFLQHG/DSLQGRYROFDQLFPXG-+D]DUG0DWHU±

 ,LGD < .R]XND7 7X]LXWL 7 . <DVXL  6RQRFKHPLFDOO\ HQKDQFHG DGVRUSWLRQ DQG GHJUDGDWLRQ RI PHWK\O RUDQJH ZLWK DFWLYDWHG DOXPLQDV8OWUDVRQLFV± *XUXVDP\$-XDQJ56/HH'-8VHRIFHOOXORVHEDVHGZDVWHVIRUDGVRUSWLRQRIG\HVIURPDTXHRXVVROXWLRQV-+D]DUG0DWHU ± +XDQJ54LDQ/LX+-<DQJ%$GVRUSWLRQRIPHWK\ORUDQJHRQWRSURWRQDWHGFURVVOLQNHGFKLWRVDQ$UDELDQ-RXUQDORI&KHPLVWU\ in press. &KHQ6=KDQJ-=KDQJ&<XH4/L</L&(TXLOLEULXPDQGNLQHWLFVWXGLHVRIPHWK\ORUDQJHDQGPHWK\OYLROHWDGVRUSWLRQRQ DFWLYDWHGFDUERQGHULYHGIURPPhragmites australis'HVDOLQDWLRQ± ,TEDO-:DWWRR)+:DWWRR0+60DOLN576$KPDG,PUDQ0*KDQJUR $%$GVRUSWLRQRIDFLG\HOORZG\HRQIODNHV RIFKLWRVDQSUHSDUHGIURPILVKHU\ZDVWHVIURPILVKHU\ZDVWHV$UDELDQ-RXUQDORI&KHPLVWU\±

Références

Documents relatifs

Les membres privés de la classe de base deviennent inaccessibles dans la classe dérivée, les autres membres de la classe de base conservent leur statut dans la classe dérivée.

$EVWUDFW $OLSKDWLF FDUER[\OLF DFLGV DUH XVHG LQPDQ\ LQGXVWULDO VHFWRUV DQG WKHLU LPSRUWDQFH IURP DQ HFRQRPLFDO SRLQW RI YLHZ LV LQFUHDVLQJ 7KH\ DUH FXUUHQWO\ SURGXFHG LQ

3RO\PHULF PHPEUDQHV UHPDLQ WKH PRVW ZLGHO\ XVHG IRU SHUYDSRUDWLRQ LQ WKH LQGXVWU\ 7KHVH PHPEUDQHV DUH DWWUDFWLYH EHFDXVH RI WKHLU HFRQRPLFDO DQG

Immobilized in fixed-bed column, fed with Se- containing solutions (under recirculation mode), A-PEI membranes show an optimum Se(VI) sorption at pH 2 due to strong af finity of

29 A comparison of the q m of a few adsorbents available in the literature for removal of MV 2B in aqueous solution is given in Table 3.It is clear shown that HNT-Fe3O4 composite

Nombreux sont les systèmes physiques ou écologiques qui présentent des structures spatiales. Nous noterons, par exemple, le cas de struc- tures de type Turing observées dans un

Comparison of pressure responses at node J-8130 for all scenarios (i.e., different leak sizes at node J- 26 with different severity of transients induced at node J-44) serves

For the Advanced LIGO interferometric gravitational wave observatory, where the relevant test mass is a suspended 340 mm diameter cylindrical end mirror, the force noise power