Consolidated biennial report on the activities of ECA sponsored regional and subregional institutions for 1984-1985

Kr'i ti

S OFFIC*

t •

3 ■

UNITED NATIONS

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL

Distr.

GENERAL

E/ECA/CM.12/25 20 March 1986 Original: ENGLISH

ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA

Seventh meeting of the Technical Preparatory Committee of the Whole

Yaounde, Republic of Cameroon 7-14 April 1986

Item 9 of the provisional agenda*

ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA

i

Twenty-first session of the Commission/

Twelfth meeting of the Conference of Ministers

Yaounde Republic of Cameroon 17-21 April 1986

Item 6 of the provisional agenda*

CONSOLIDATED BIENNIAL REPORT ON THE ACTIVITIES OP ECA-SPONSORBD REGIONAL AND SUBREGIONAL INSTITUTIONS FOR 1984-19U5

E/ECA/TPCW.7/1 E/ECA/CM.12/1

M86-844

E/ECA/CM.. 12/25

Introduction

Resolutions 409 (XVII) and 541 (XVII) adopted by the ECA Conference of Ministers require the preparation and submission to it of biennial consolidated

report on the activities and work programme of the ECA-sponsored institutions.

In order to present the biennial report in a more systematic way, it has been

decided that there should be separate consolidated report on the activities

of the ECA-sponsored institutions and separate consolidated report on their

work programmes. Whilst the biennial' consolidated report on activities will

refer to activities undertaken in the biennium preceding the particular meeting

of the ECA Conference of Ministers to which they are presented. The

consolidated biennial report on activities of ECA-sponsored regional and

subregidnal institutions presented herein will therefore relate to the years

1984 and 1985.

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 2

PART I

1. The Lagos Plan; of Action, in its chapter on institution building, recognized the special role of African intergovernmental institutions in the accelerated economic and social development of the African continent. The fragmentation of Africa into very many States characterized by small populations and unable,. in nearly all cases, to realize economies of scale in enhancing investment in productive enterprises, dictates that, the only way for economic and. social development for the continent, any survival, is through selfreliant economic co-operation. This hypothesis was to form the cornerstone of the work of E£A; from its very inception and led to the establishment, of the African Development Bank (ADB) to be followed by the Institute for Economic Development and .Planning (JCDEP) in the - strategic sectors of resource mobilization and manpower training for economic development and planning.

2. Since then, ECA has, at the insistence of African Governments, established over 30 African intergovernmental institutions which, individually, African Governments have found too costly to operate on their own in such important fields as manpower development* management training, trade and transport, the development of natural resources, industrial development and in financial and monetary affairs. Whilst it was felt in certain quarters that these institutions were too many for Africa's needs, ECA has consistently maintained that there were not enough of them for a whole continent of 50 independent States. Indeed, there would be found even at the national level in a moderate-sized Western European State, many, many more specialized institutions in similar and other fields besides, operating effectively and fulfilling felt needs.

3. This view was to be vindicated by the final report < document E/ECA/CM.11/17/Add.1) of the ten-member State Ad hoc Committee established by the ninth meeting of the ECA Conference of Ministers to evaluate the ECA- and OAU-sponsored institutions and to make proposals as to the harmonization and merger of their activities, which declared in respect of all the ECA- and OAU-sponsored institutions that they "without exception addressed themselves to issues and problems in respect of which Africa is still sadly deficient in, namely trained manpower, information, research capability and services in various technical, economic and social sectors".

4. To consider only two of these sectors, several of the ECA-sponsored institutions have been active in manpower development and the development of natural resources.

5. The sister institutions of the Regional Centre for Training in Aerial Surveys (RECTAS) and the Regional Centre for Services in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing (RCSSMRS), for instance, have provided technical training to nationals from over 30 African countries in the various specialized fields of surveying, mapping and remote sensing, crucial to the gaining of sovereignty by African countries over their natural resources and their efficient and orderly exploitation. Many of those trained by these institutions now hold responsible and important positions in their respective countries.

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 3

6. The Institute for Economic Development and Planning (IDEP), the Regional Institute for Population Studies (RIPS), the Institut de formation et de recherche demographiques (IFORD) and the African Centre for Applied Research and Training in Social Development (ACARTSOD) have also done significant work in training personnel respectively in the fields of economic development planning, population studies and in applied training and research for social development. The Eastern and Southern Africa Management Institute (ESAKI) offers first-class training courses in management and has itself been recognized as a centre of excellence not only within Africa where it has been entrusted with many important consulting projects, but also by the World Bank which paid ESAMI to carry out management training services. ESAMI is able to finance 90 per cent of its annual operational budget from its revenue-generating activities.

7. Seven institutions operate in technical fields concerned with the inventory, development and exploitation of natural resources. Regional Centre for Training in Aerial Surveys (RECTAS), Regional Cenrre for Services in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing (RCSSMRS) and the African Association of Cartography (AAC) provide services in surveying and mapping to their member States. Regional Centre for Services in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing (RCSSMRS), the Regional Remote Sensing Centre (CRTO) and the African Remote Sensing Council (ARSC) are engaged in remote sensing activities, by way of photo mapping using satellite imageries and the provision of satellite imageries to users. In addition, RCSSMRS has been rendering valuable services to its member States in the repair and maintenance of expensive and sophisticated electronic and cartographic equipment charging well below prevailing commercial rates, making it unnecessary for the member States to spend large sums of money on the replacement of old equipment. The Eastern and Southern African Mineral Resources Development Centre (ESAMRDC) and the Central African Mineral Resources Development Centre (CAMRDC) are involved in the actual development of mineral resources. The former has undertaken several consultancy and advisory services to member States in connection with the exploration of specific mineral resources and related laboratory activities. The latter,, though only recently established, organized a seminar on the classification and evaluation of mineral resources and has begun an inventory of the mineral resources of African countries.

8. In general, however, the institutions have not functioned without problems, most of which can be classified as endemic. Apart from the low rate of delivery in respect of many of the institutions which cannot be entirely divorced from weak management and failure of member States to utili ze the institutions, they are constantly plagued by the lack of financial support and meagre African States' membership. It is therefore more and more encumbent on the institutions to become as self-reliant as possible and to rely less and less on the subscriptions of their member States who are now, and will, in the foreseeable future, be subject to financial constraints arising out of a stagnating economy.

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 4

PART II

9- At the very first Conference of Chief Executive which was held in December 1981 to consider the role that the institutions would play in the implementation of the Lagos Plan of Action, it was decided for this purpose that the institutions should be grouped according to the interrelationship of their objectives and functions so as to achieve the maximum co-ordination and harmonization of their activities and avoid the duplication of efforts and wastage of scarce revenues.

10. The institutions were grouped as follows:

A. FINANCIAL AND BANKING GROUP 1. African Development Bank (ADB)

2. African Centre for Monetary Studies (ACMS) 3. West African Clearing House (WACH)

4. Association of African Tax Administrators (AATA)

B. EARTH RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT GROUP . . ■ . 1. Regional Centre for Training in Aerial Surveys (RECTASJ

2. Regional Centre for Services in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing (RCSSMRS)

3. African Remote Sensing Council (ARSC) 4. Regional Remote Sensing Centre (CRTO) 5. African Association of Cartography {AAC)!

6. Eastern and Southern African Mineral Resources Development Centre (ESAMRDC) 7. Central African Mineral Resources Development Centre (CAMRDC)

8. African Regional Centre for Solar Energy (ARCSE)

C. INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICES GROUP

1. African Regional Centre for Engineering Design and Manufacturing (ARCEDEM) 2. African Regional Organization for Standardization (ARSO)

3. African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI) 4. African Regional Centre for Technology (ARCT)

5. African Institute for Higher Technical Training and Research (AIHTTR) 6. African Regional Industrial Property Organization (ARIPO)

D. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT GROUP

1. Institute for Economic Development and Planning (IDEP)

2. African Centre for Applied Research and Training in Social Development (ACARTSOD)

3. Eastern and Southern African Management Institute (ESAMI) 4. Regional Institute for Population Studies (RIPS)

5. Institut de formation et de recherche demographiques (IFORD)

E/ECA/CM.12/25

Page 5

E. TRADE AND TRANSPORT GROUP

1- Port Management Association of West and Central Africa (PMAWCA) 2. Port Management Association of North Africa (PMANA)

3. Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa (PMAESA) 4. Association of African Trade Promotion Organizations (AATPO):

5. ; Federation of African Chambers of Commerce (FACC) 6.. Inter-African Coffee Organization (IACO)

7. Trans-African Highway Authority <TAHA)

8. Trans-East African Highway Authority (TEAHA)

9. , African Regional Organization for Standardization (ARSO)

11. Regional Centre for Training in Aerial Surveys (RBCTAS)" and *ts sister

Sensinr^CSSMP^10^1 ■ ^^ ** SerViCSS in Surv^in^ Mapping and Remote ₁ <*CSSMf), African Association of Cartography (AAC) and African Remote Sensing Council (ARSC), complement each other and constitute an effective

itlnTna "anTr f ln-tltut±«» pr°*idln* *ital b*SiC ^ *>* ^ i»v£t«£?

planning and rational exploitation of the natural resources of African countries. The mineral, development centres of Eastern and Southern African

Mineral Resources Development Centre (ESAMRDC) and Central African Mineral

Resources Development Centre (CAMRDC), which also belong to the same specialized technical group, clearly benefit from the activities of the former! SpGCiall2ed

Trade and commerce between African countries can be greatly accelerated

:rffi:enand heap syfem of *** L^ a^ss^

12. geatly accelerated

hiorcti:itrefsfi:fentheanhd hheap syfem of *™<*°***°* uhL^*a^ss^

ine activities of the highway authorities belonging to the Trade and Transport Group were geared towards achieving this objective. Apart fron studies and

Mmmmmm

=S£:ir=Sr

auspices of ARSO whir-h =!..« u ■, «^^viuBb to A*iii»o. Under the

«r?«, ^:°':th::L*i °:hiTi^i^r*- TnsprGroup'i2?

as external trade, were approved. facxlxtate xntra-Afncan as well

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 6

15. The members of the Industrial Development and Services Group have sectoral links which compel the close co-ordination of their activities. The main objective of ARCEDEM is the practical adaptation of existing technology to suit African needs, 'its work is complemented by that of ARCT and ARIPO which respectively are concerned with the promotion of the development and transfer of technology on terms advantageous to African countries and the development of industrial property in line with African needs, including the maintenance of a patents documentation centre intended to provide information that would facilitate, the process of inventiveness and its protection in Africa.

16. In tlhe field of social development planning and management, RIPS and IFORD, which specialize in population studies, the first catering for English- speaking African countries and the second for French-speaking African countries, have both decided that they should remain as separate institutions. However, their governing bodies, realizing the need for close co-operation and the saving of costs, decided that the two institutions should collaborate closely in research, consultancy services, meetings and in the production of joint bilingual publications, IFORD diplomates should be encouraged to do their Ph.D and M. Phil, studies at RIPS. African Institute for Economic Development and Planning {IDEP) and African Centre for Applied Research and Training in Social Development (ACARTSOD), which operate in the field of social development, have yet to decide on whether to accept the recommendation of the ECA Conference of Ministers whether they should operate as separate institutions or be merged

into one institution.

17. The institutions belonging to the various specialized groups take advantage of the annual Conference of Chief Executives to hold their own meeting where common problems and the co-ordination of their activities are discussed. Among the steps taken to translate these ideas into concrete terms was the mission undertaken by AIHTTR, . in co-operation with ARSO and ARCT, to Zimbabwe and

Zambia on the establishment of copper-based industries.

PART III

18. This part consists of highlights, giving necessary details of the activities undertaken by the institutions during the biennium 1984-1985, calculated to promote the achievement of the Lagos Plan of Action in their respective fields. These include the work of ARCT in food storage and processing; the production of information required for land-use planning, an agricultural early warning system and natural resources development by RCSSMRS, RECTAS, ESAMRDC and CAMRDC; the training of manpower in the strategic fields of industry, management and planning by ARCEDEM, ESAMI and IDEP respectively; and the promotion of intra-African trade as a step towards the establishment of an African Common Market by AATPO, TAHA, TEAHA, ARSO and WACH respectively, through the promotion of intra-African trade, the development of road transport links, the standardization of manufactured products and of clearing and payment arrangements to facilitate intra-African trade in

local currencies.

E/ECA/CM.12^25 Page 7

A. FINANCIAL AND BANKING GROUP

African Centre for Monetary Studies (ACMS)

During 1983-1984, the Centre contributed to the preliminary studies on the establishment of the African Monetary Fund and produced a synthesis of the various contributions submitted on the establishment of the Fund which was considered at a meeting of experts held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Other studies undertaken and completed by the Centre included those on capital markets and economic development in Africa? the problem of exchange rates in the creation of the Central African Clearing House; possible strategies to the balance of payments of African countries; and the debt early warning model. Studies begun but not completed include those on monetary and financial obstacles to intra-African trade; various possible approaches to the African balance of payments? African countries1 experiences with devaluation; and the management of public debt in African countries.

During the years 1984-1985, the Centre continued the publication of its financial news, financial journal and the proceedings of seminars and

symposiums.

The Centre's training programme comprised seminars, symposia, inter bank exchange and basic courses. Participation in the training programmes by member central banks was extremely high and encouraging except for inter bank exchanges which experienced a decline in participation.

During 1984-1985, the Centre organized seminars on exchange control and economic development of African countries attended by 70 participants, of which 28 were from member central banks j on the role of the banking system in financing the agricultural sector and rural development, attended by 67 participants from 47 different institutions, including 18 member central banks;

and on foreign investment and its impact on African countries, attended by 84 participants, some of whom were representatives of 14 member central banks.

In addition, the Centre organized symposia on national financial policies and capital formation in Africa, attended by 82 participants, including governors and deputy governors from 20 member central banks and 29 other institutions, and on Africa and the International Monetary Fund, attended, inter alia, by 33 governors (or their representatives) of member central banks.

During the period under review, the Centre organized two bilingual courses

in 1984 on statistics and research methodology and on national accounting

and financial programming. The first course was attended by 11 participants

from member central banks and the second course by 12 participants from member

central banks. Courses on the same subjects were also held in 1985 and attended

respectively by 13 and 10 participants from member central banks.

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 8

West African Clearing House (WACH)

As a multilateral settlement mechanism, the success and continued viability of the clearing arrangement hinges vitally on the prompt settlement of debit

balances by the debtor banks. .

in the period under review, WACH continued, amidst a very hostile

international economic and financial environment, to solidify its foundation for the full attainment of the objectives for which it was set. Efforts were made to remove . some of the constraining factors. These included the organization of workshops for the technical operators of member banks; two

such workshops were, held in Freetown, Sierra Leone on 20 and 21 November 1984

and on 22 and 23 November 1985. The workshops were designed to improve the

operational efficiency of the clearing mechanism by clarifying the operating' rules and procedures and thereby enhancing the operators' knowledge of • the

system. The 1984 workshop was attended by representatives of seven of the

nine member banks (BCEAO, and from the central banks of the Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria and Sierra Leone) while the 1985 workshop was attended by representatives of eight member banks {BCEAO, and from the central banks of the Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Nigeria and Sierra

Leone).

In addition to the technical workshops, seminars on the operational

procedures and advantages of WACH and attended by representatives of commercial

banks, chambers of commerce, business communities and the civil service, were

held in 14 centres in nine of the 15 countries of the member banks.' In 1984, seven seminars were held in Monrovia, Liberia; Freetown, Sierra Leone? Conakry,

Guinea; Dakar, Senegal; and Kano, Port Harcourt and Lagos in Nigeria. In

1985, seven seminars were held in Niamey, Niger; Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso;

Nouakchott, Mauritania; Ilorin, Owerri and Ibadan, Nigeria; and Cotonou, Benin.

A review of the operational results of the activities of WACH indicated that

these efforts had and will continue to yield positive results.

In 1983/1984, the total commercial and financial transactions channelled through the clearing house reached its highest peak ever of WAUA 224.40 million and declined to WAUA 195.35 million in 1984/1985. In spite of the decline, the 1984/1985 level of transactions showed an increase of 23 * 4 per cent over the figure of WAUA 158.31 million recorded in 1983/1984. The- value of settlement in the period under review maintained the same pattern of movementL as that of total transactions (see table below). As a proportion of total transactions, the cleared transactions averaged 8.3 per cent in the fiscal years 1984 and 1985 as compared, to an average of 15 per cent in the fiscal years 1982 and 1983. The decline in transactions in 1984/1985 as well as the continued downward movement in the proportion of cleared transactions is largely traceable to the balance-of-payments difficulties facing a number

of member countries. . ;

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 9

Year Transaction Settlements Clearing

1980/1981 167.65 138.29 29.36

1981/1982 143.21 114.29 28.92

1982/1983 158.31 143.90 14.41

1983/1984 224.40 205.70 18.70

1984/1985 195.35 179.12 1G.23

Although there exist great potentialities for WACH to achieve the

objectives for which it was established, important constraining factors persist and have to be addressed. The observed imbalances in transactions among member banks maintained an unchanging pattern of debtor and creditor banks. This means in effect that the flow of net settlements was in the same direction and consequently the impact of delays or defaults in settlements would be

concentrated on the creditor bank. Indeed, the clearing mechanism has begun

to feel the effect of a sizeable accumulation of settlement arrears by a few of the member banks. The exogenous constraining factors include the lack of complementarity in the production profiles of the countries of the member banks and hence the persisting low-level of intra-subregional trade, the instability and disharmony of the exchange rates of the currencies of the countries of member banks, and the restrictive trade and exchange control measures imposed by some member countries for balance-of-payments purposes.

Association of African Tax Administrators {AATAJ

Apart from holding various technical meetings of its organs, a study on inventory of tax training facilities and centres in English-speaking Africa was undertaken by the Association. Another study which will concentrate on

French-speaking countries will be undertaken.

Because some member States of the Association were delinquent in paying their contributions, the membership drive which it was hoped would help raise the membership of the Association from its present 22, could not be undertaken;

furthermore, it was not possible to set aside as agreed the sum of $US 30,000 towards the establishment of the secretariat of the Association.

B- EARTH RESOURCES GROUP

Regional Centre for Training in Aerial Surveys (RECTAS)

During the period under consideration, RECTAS offered courses in English and French for photogrammetric operators and technicians. In addition, two new courses, photogrammetric technologist course and a certificate in photo interpretation, were introduced in 1985. It can be observed from tables 1 and 2 that both student enrolment and graduation statistics indicate numerical increase during the period 1984-1985. Tables 1 and 2 also show the countries of origin of students and graduates of the Centre respectively during the

biennium 1984-1985.

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 10

Apart from two staff members who presented papers, the Centre was actively involved with the organization of a workshop on the application of photogrammetry and remote sensing to population census estimation which took

place in July 1985 in Lagos, Nigeria.

In the field of research, RECTAS acted as, a co-investigator in the Spaceiab Shuttle Metric Camera Experiment, SPOT and Low Format Camera Experiment and also took part in the research work of the International Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, dealing with photogrammetric data analysis

and photogrammetric education.

The development of RECTAS has been retarded by the fact that only eight

African member States (Ghana, Benin, Senegal,, the Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso,

Cameroon and Nigeria) regularly support it even though, since its establishment

in 1972, the. Centre has trained students from 23 African countries. In order to augment its financial resources and to assist African countries in solving their mapping problems, a Consultancy Services Unit is being set up to undertake for modest fees topographic and non-topographic mapping projects.

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 11

Table 1. Student enrolment/country of origin, 1984 and 1985

Courses (Duration)

Senegal Operators course

(10 months) 1.984-1385 Technician's

course

(22 months)

1984-1985 10/fl Technologist

course

(16 months)

1985 2

Ghana

7/6

2

COUNTRY OF ORIGIN

Burkina Paso Mali Niger Benin

- - 1/1

1/1 2/0 1/2 0/2

Malawi

2/3

Nigeria

7/5

17/20

1

TOTAL

8/6

40/42

photo

interpretation (6 months)

1985 3

Total 1984-1985 40/56

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 12

Table 2: Graduation statistics, 1984 and 1985

. COURSE (Duration)

1984-1985

COUNTRY OF ORIGIN

Senegal Ghana Niger Burkina MALI Benin Malawi Nigeria Total Faso

Certificate in photo- gramme trie operators

(9 months)

1984-1985 1/0 7/2 8/2

Diploma in photo- grammetric technicians

(22 months)

1984-1985 1/8 _2/5 0/1 0/1 2/0

1/1

8/8 14/24

Diploma in photo- gramme trie technolo gist

(16 months)

1985 Graduates expected in 1986

Certificate in photo- interpre tation

1985 0/3 0/3

Total for 1984-1985 22/29

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 13

Regional Centre for Services in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing (RCSSMRS)

During the biennium 1984-1985, vhe Centre continued to provide specialized services to the member States in the Eastern and Southern African subregion in its two fields of competence, namely surveying and mapping and the application of remote sensing to resources development. It was actively involved, as one of the two African computing centres, in the processing of the African Doppler Survey Project (ADOS) observations and has also continued its investigation into the determination of the strength of the East African geodetic network as well as the preliminary strength analysis of the 30th Arc Meridian.

The Centre's engineering department serviced 495 optical and 137 electronic pieces of equipment of both contracting as well as non-signatory member States. By rendering such repair and maintenance service, the Centre saved member States enormous expenses in foreign exchange which would have been incurred in replacing the equipment.

Details of the repair services carried out appear belows

Country Optical Electronic Replacement Value in $US

Kenya 131 76 3,066,930

Tanzania

Mauritius

Uganda

Seychelles Zambia

Swaziland

Rwanda

Lesotho

Burundi

112 1

29

1 112

23

6 56 1

S

—

1

~

20 13

—

14

1,867,867

85,000

578,800

5,527 1,770,710

980,990

117,140

342,930

85,000

TOTAL 495 137 8,900,884

Table2: Country Ir.subregion Botswana Burundi Comoros Djibouti Ethiopia Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mauritius Mozambique Rwanda Somalia Sudan Tanzania Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe

Remotesensingdepartment 1 R.S.inHyirology agri-(Kenya) culture ±1 29 60

-shortcourses,participants. July1984-30June1985 Earth obser vation agro- meteo rology 3 2 1 4 3 1 1 2 4 1 1

Agri cultural statis tics (French) 3 1 5 1 2

R.S-and carto graphic require ments 2 2 2 2 2 :,2 2 1 2 2

countries .Agro meteo rology 2 2 1 1

i-t

^{3 1 2and}disciplines HighwayNatural enginee-resources ring(LBDA) 2 712 1 1 1 9 3 1

a> (0 H Total 3 3 2 1 7 33 1 8 32 2 3 2 4 4 16 9 64 5

t-j w o < o s * ro en /

Table2cont'd CountryR.S. in agri culture

Hydrology (Kenya)Earth obser vation agro- raeteo rology

Agri cultural statis tics (French)

R.S. and carto graphic require ments

Agxo-HighwayNaturalTotal meteoenginee-resources rologyring(LBDA)on o to Outsidesubregion Egypt Ghana Jordan Liberia Nigeria Senegal SierraLeone Syria■. Turkey UnitedArabEmirate: TOTAL8911241221252712221

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 16

In the course of exercising its functions of rendering advisory services, the Centre prepared a detailed document for the rehabilitation of surveying and mapping services in Uganda, and participated in a two-man mission to Mozambique in order to advise the Government on the total manpower needs in the surveying and mapping profession. At the request of member States, the Centre carried out research on the techniques of cadastral surveys, and also undertook studies on the feasibility of establishing hydrographic services in its catchment area.

Research in the techniques for photo-mapping using satellite imagery was nearly completed by the end of 1985. At that time, only the manual had not yet been published.

Significant among , the achievements of the Centre during the period under review was the completion of three blocks of buildings which enabled all staff and equipment to be moved in June 1985 to its permanent headquarters. Work on the completion of phase I of the development of the permmanent site is still in progress.

The problems encountered during the period were principally irregular or non-payment of member States' contributions which limited the services the Centre could have rendered to the member States. The issue of membership was not a serious one since, at the end of the period, this had risen to nine and hopefully will rise to 12 before the end of 1906.

In order to reduce absolute reliance on contributions as the sole means of financing its operations, the Centre engaged in revenue-earning activities.

During the 1984/1985 period a total of $US 46,980 was realized through the sale of satellite imageries to national as well as international organizations. During the same period, the Centre participated in the execution of projects in its member States. Through these projects, a total of $US 209 650 was earned, as detailed below:

Project execution

Client Project

Comoros Aerial photo

Uganda Aerial photo

Tanzania Cadastral survey

UNDP/LBDA- Atlas of natural

resources 30,650

Total 209,650

Value

159, 12, 7,

in

000 500 500

$us

— Lake Basin Development Authority of Kenya

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 17

African Remote Sensing Council

Due to the severe financial strain in which the Council found itself generally in 1984 and 1985 because of the failure of its member States

to live up to their financial obligations, the work of the Council became virtually paralyzed. There were times when staff salaries ' and charges for water and electricity could not be paid and resort had to be had to

overdrafts.

The ten-man member State Ad hoc Committee established by resolution

477 (XVIII) of the ECA Conference of Ministers to evaluate the activities

of ECA- and OAU-sponsored institutions and to make recommendations as to the possible merger of some of these institutions recommended in its final report to the eleventh meeting of the ECA Conference of Ministers the merger

of ARSC with the African Association of Cartography (AACK The eleventh meeting of the ECA Conference of Ministers accepted this recommendation in its resolution 550 (XX) and meetings have been held at the level of

ARSC and AAC towards this end. An Ad hoc Committee appointed by the

Conference of Plenipotentiaries of ARSC and consisting of representatives of Algeria, Kenya, Mali, Zaire and Zambia and to be assisted by the ECA,

OAU, AAC and ARSC secretariats will meet in March 1906 to consider the

constitutional, financial, social and other implications of the merger.

The Secretaries-General of ARSC and AAC are to meet in Bamako at the end of January 1986 to prepare for the meeting of the Ad hoc Committee, working documents including the draft constitution and staff regulations of the composite institution. The report of this Ad hoc Committee is to be submitted to an extraordinary meeting of Plenipotentiaries of ARSC to be

held some time in June 198G.

Regional Remote Sensing Centre (CRTO)

The programme of the Centre which is based in Ouagadougou Burkina

Faso, as conceived from the time of its establishment, consists of two

activities. Firstly, thi; training of nationals and provision of user

assistance services including improving the information base for planning

and administering regional and national development programmes, and secondly,

the installation of a ground segment which will receive and process satellite

data. Phase I covered the period 1977 to 1964 whilst phase II was to have

commenced before the expiration of the first phase. The main activities

during this period therefore concerned research and assistance/advice to

users specifically in the domain of land and water resources. In this

regard, it has continued with the implementation of phase I ana executed

eight projects in the areas of hydrology and hydrogeology for member States

in the West African subregion. It has also continued to organic training

courses in both English and French to nationals of member States in the

application of remote sensing in line with its above-stated activities.

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 18

The preparatory work for the implementation of phase II was slowed down because of financial difficulties. This situation gave rise to further sensitization missions during the period both within and outside Africa to mobilize additional resources, with a reduction in the number of satellites to be received at the CRTO station, and the decision of the Regional Management Committee at ministerial level in Cotonou, Benin in September 1985 to convene a "roundtable" of donors in January 1986; the project might be realized in the next biennium.

African Association of Cartography (AAC)

During the period under consideration, AAC was involved in a number of scientific and technical activities. It took preliminary steps towards the implementation of the International Hydrogeological Project of Cartography for Africa (IHPCA) including the collection of data, the distribution of related preliminary studies to African countries, the appointment of a co~ordinator, the establishment of a network of national correspondents, the selection of test zones, the adoption of the scale to be used in the preparation of maps and the preparation and distribution of various technical documents to the African countries involved.

With respect to the Common Geodetic Network for Africa, AAC, inter alia, helped to establish the second African Consortium of Data Processing to initiate data processing for the purpose of the African Doppler Surveys (ADOS) and to organize training seminars in Doppler techniques. AAC also co-operated with ECA in the work on the standardization of specifications for topographic maps in Africa. Preparatory activities were undertaken to proclaim 1986 the Year of Cartography in Africa, including the adoption of a relevant OAU resolution and the holding of a seminar on cadastre in Tunis.

Resolution 550 (XX) adopted by the eleventh meeting of the ECA Conference of Ministers approved the recommendation of the Ad hoc Committee established by resolution 477 (XIII) that the African Remote Sensing Council (ARSC) should be merged with the AAC. Meetings on the implementation of this recommendation have been held by both institutions and it has now been decided that the Secretaries-General of AAC and ARSC should meet in January 1986 to prepare the work of an Ad hoc Committee consisting of Algeria, Kenya, Mali, Zaire and Zambia which is to meet in March 1986 to consider the legal, social and other aspects of the merger of the two institutions.

The development of AAC continued to be plagued by the fact that only a few of its members lived up to their financial obligations.

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 19

Eastern and Southern African Mineral Resources Development Centre (ESAMRDC)

During 1984-1985, the Centre as in previous years undertook several projects in its member States. These took the form of advisory services, subcontractual work and laboratory actvities. Besides these, the Centre organized and conducted two training courses (see tables 1 and 2).

The activities undertaken by the Centre in its member States were wide ranging and included services in gold exploration and a feasibility study on soda ash production in Ethiopia; consultancy and advisory services in the United Republic of Tanzania with respect to the exploration of tin,, tungsten, gold, pyrite and base metals and geological mapping in the Comoros.

The Centre also embarked on the preparation of a manual for mineral exploration, completing the section dealing with geochemical exploration.

The Centre provided training courses in micro-computer for participants from seven countries in Eastern and Southern Africa and in mineral economics from five countries from the same subregion.

Although the Centre increased its membership by one with the joining of Angola, it operated during the period under review with limited personnel and financial resources because of the irregular and, in some cases„ non payment of membership contributions.

Table 1

Mineral economics course for senior staff

Country Number

1. Ethiopia 5

2. Kenya* 1

3. Mozambique 2

4. Tanzania 6

5. Uganda 2

Total 16

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 20

Table 2 m

Micro-computer application in earth sciences

Country Number

1. Ethiopia 2

2. Kenya* 1

3. Malawi* 1

4. Mozambique 2

5- Tanzania 3

6. Uganda .: 2

7. Zambia 1

Total 12

* Non-member State of ESAMRDC

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 21

Central African Minerals Resources Development Centre (CAMRDC)

This recently established Centre, with its headquarters at Brazzaville, has a membership of eight out of 10 potential countries in the Central African subregxon. During the first half of 1984, ECA, acting as temporary secretarial of the Centre, recruited the Director-General of the Centre and prepared project documents for use in seeking bilateral and multilateral assistance from donors.

With the recruitment of the Director-General and Head of the Geological and Mining Research Department and their taking up office at Brazzaville, the

Centre became operational,

Apart from dealing with domestic administrative problems, such as th»

Councn1^^ :V°Cal Staff and the aPPr°val of staff rules, the Governing

Council adopted m December 1984 a work programme commensurate with the resources of the Centre for the years 1985 and 1986. During this period,

offic?. S/i k C°nCentrate °n thG buildin* ™* equipping of its permanent _^ laboratories, .the processing of geophysical, geological and

f at\Cnlt i

f • \y SSrViCGS tO st^ngthen the mining and

geologxcal activities of the member States of the Centre, seminars and workshops

T IL™ rjTS:Lm'neral deVel™ »* — i -ctivitie. related To

°f Gxperts from thG ™«"ber States of the Centre was held in

eStabUsh the TGChnical Co^ttee of the Centre. In addition^

h aem™r.attended b? «xP«rts from its member States on the and evaluation of mineral resources and began the preparation of an inventory of mineral resources of African countries. ^aracion

C. INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICES GROUP lw African Regional Centre for Engineering Design and

Manufacturing (ARCEDEM)

tho fDUri^9 .thS Per±Od ^^ rSVieW' the CGntre continued its activities in

the fxeld of xnachme design, training, industrial consultancy services the promotion of national centres and the construction of the Centre SerV1CGS' the

ana ZL Gr'LfriaA1rrsae; % ^VS^^T

soon as th, centre-. hoste! ana wor.snops are

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 22

Since the establishment of . the Department of Industrial Consultancy Services in February 1985, the Centre carried out a survey of existing national institutions dealing with industrial consultancy, was registered as a consulting organization with financial and other institutions, upgraded mechanical workshops in Nigeria and Benin, and in collaboration with AIHTTR, ARSO and ARCTf undertook a mission on the possibility of manufacturing electrical motors and other allied copper-based products in the region. Furthermore, the Centre embarked on a joint project with ARSO for variety reduction of trucks and trailers in member States.

In order to promote national centres for engineering design and manufacturing of capital goods, the Centre took part in a joint ECA/UNIDO/ARCEDEM mission to Togo; the report of that mission is expected to act as a model for the development of national centres in other African countries. The Centre maintained relations with "Centre pilote" in Guinea, TEMDO in the United Republic of Tanzania and the Faculty of Engineering in the University of Zambia for the promotion and upgrading of national centres.

The Centre continued to be supported by UNDP, the Government of India, BADEA and UNIDO and the Government of Hungary facilitated study tours of industries in that country.

Substantial progress was made towards completion of office block, machine shop, fabrication shop, forging shop and the hostel of the Centre {$US 9.1 million). It is therefore hoped that the Centre will move to its permanent site before the end of January 1986. In order to complete the construction of phase 1 of the development of the Centre (that is to include foundry shop, experimental testing and development laboratory and the necessary infrastructure), the, Governing Council, at its meeting held on 1 and 2 December 1985, requested the Nigerian Government for an additional subvention of 3 million Naira ($US 3.1 million).

During the years under review, the low level of contributions from member States severely hampered the work of the Centre.

E/ECA/CM.12/25

Pago 23

African Regional Organization for Standardization (ARSO)

During the period under, review, the first group of 127 African Regional Standards (ARS) were approved. A further set of 317 Draft African Regional Stanaards (DARS) have been elaborated for approval by member States. A breakdown of those

ARS and DARS, classified according to field, is shown below;

Field

Basic and general standards Agriculture and food

products

Building and civil engineering

Mechanical engineering and metallurgy

Chemistry and chemical engineering

Electrotechnology Textiles

Transport and communications

Environmental protection and pollution control

Total

Technical Committee

ARSO/TC 1

ARSO/TC 2

ARSO/TC 3

ARSO/TC 4

ARSO/TC 5

ARSO/TC 6

ARSO/TC 7

ARSO/TC 8

ARSO/TC 9

Number of ARS approved

43

33

3

7

8

-

24

9

-

127

Number of DARS

1984 15

26

20

16

24

17

13

14

-

145

adopted

1985 21

25

28

31

19

15

25

_

8 172

Total ARS/OARS

79

64

51

54

51

32

62

23

8 444

E/ECA/CM.12/25 P.-ge 24

Four training programmes on standardization, quality control, certification and metrology were, held, attended by ■ 142--,.. participants from 21 member States (Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Republic of Cote d'lvoire, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Zaire and Zambia). Forty sponsored exp-rhs from 16 member States (Cameroon, the Republic of Cote d'lvoire, Egypt, Ethiopia., Ghana, Guinea, Liberia? Malawi, Nigeria, Senegal, the United Republic of Tanzania.- Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zaire and Zambia) attended meetings of ARSO's Technical Committees and Sub-committees concerned with the development of ARS. A total of 13 missions on the development of standardization, quality control, certification and metrology were undertaken in member States.

A documentation and Information System on Standards (ARSO-DIS) was commissioned within the ARSO secretariat and steps are being taken to launch the operation of an ARSO Network on Documentation and Information Systems on Standards and Technical Regulations (ARSO-DISNET).

Four co-operation agreements were concluded with Commonwealth Science Council (CSC), the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern African States (PTA) and the International Organization for Legal Metrology (OIML). Close working relations were also developed and maintained with regional and international organizations of interest to ARSO. ARSO received assistance from the execution of its activities from UNIDO, UNDP, UNESCO, ECA, the International Development Research Centre, ECOWAS, ARCEDEM and the Governments of France and the Federal Republic of Germany.

Project activities for joint implementation with other organizations such as AIHTTR and the International Trade Centre (ITC) were also prepared.

Delays in remitting contributions to ARSO by its member States' and limited membership (only 23 out of 50 African countries) adversely affected the implementation of its work programme.

The African Regional Centre for Technology (ARCT)

With the strengthening of its information and documentation data ban -.;,- the Centre was enabled to initiate and implement several substantive projects in its subprogrammes of activities during the period under review. The following is a summary of subprogrammes in the approved work programme for 1984-1985 and the projects implemented:

(a) Promotion of indigenous and other technologies in the food sector, particularly for the reduction of post-harvest losses;

(b) Promotion of indigenous and other technologies in the energy sector,, with particular emphasis on biomass technology;

(c) Development of national capabilities in technology policy and planning;

and

Other activities directed at providing administrative support to technical activities.

E/ECA/CM.12/25 25

With respect to the promotion of technologies for tho reduction of post- harvest losses in staple foods, the Centre continued to respond to requests for technologies for on-farm handling, storage, processing and marketing of food grains and of roots and tubers in Africa, specifically maize and cassava.

In this respect, the Centre also assisted institutions in two countries, Ghana and Kenya, to set up demonstration units to provide opportunities for in-piant training of users and potential fabricators in these countries as well as in several other African countries where maize and cassava are processed and

consumed.

In the area of biomass technology, as a result of the review of biogas demonstration units established with ARCT technical and financial assistance in several African countries, namely the United Republic of Tanzania, Morocco, Guinea-Bissau, Ethiopia, Zimbabwe, Sierra Leone and Senegal, impoved, economical and technically viable biogas digester designs were identified. Missions were also mounted to seven African countries, namely Cameroon, Liberia, Ghana, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Sierra Leone and Morocco, to assist in the construction of biogas digesters and the training of nationals in the construction, operation and maintenance of these digesters, and for the promotion of the development of comprehensive national biogas programmes. Subsequent to these missions, further requests for follow up and new assistance were received from the following African countries, namely Ghana, Liberia, the United Republic of Tanzania, Guinea-Bissau, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Sierra Leone, Kenya, Morocco, Zimbabwe and Zambia. The directory of biogas technology in Africa was updated and manuals for the establishment and maintenance of biogas equipment were also

prepared.

In order to stimulate African countries in formulating and implementing plans to accelerate their technological transformation, the Centre developed and promoted a multidisciplinary yardstick which could be used by national institutions for the survey and assessment of their countries' technological

needs.

The Centra conducted training courses on:

(a) National programming and intar-country co-operation in the prevention of food losses in collaboration with FAQ, and attended by participants from 16 African countries, namely Benin, Burkina Faso, the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Mali, Mauritania, Madagascar, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Senegal, the United Republic

of Tanzania, Togo, Zaire, and Zimbabwe;

(b) On choice and management of technology jointly with the World Bank and supported by UNDP/ECA and UNSO, attended by 16 participants from five African countries, namely Senegal, the Niger, Mali, Togo and Guinea°,

(c) On technology development and transfer with UNDP support and attended by 30 participants from eight African countries, namely Ghana, the Gambia, Egypt,

Nigeria and Sierra Leone;and

(d) Informal sector workshop jointly with ECA with the support of the

West Germany Government. The participating countries included Kenya, the United

Republic of Tanzania, Uganda and Ethiopia.

E/2CA/CM.12/25

Page,26

nr * CGntf Provided advisory services to 12 African countries in food

processing and biogas technology development. These countries are Cameroon,

°PIOGe9£l' ZifabWG' M°rOCCO' the Unit^ Republic of Tanzania K ^p. These countries are Cameroon,

To«oZaIrpN£l' ZifaKbWG' M°rOCCO' the Unit^ Republic of Tanzania, Kenya,

Togo, iaire, Nigeria, Zambia, and Guinea-Bissau.

af,.J!tUdieS.On science and technology policies were also conducted for threr.

African countries, namely ,G,negal, Algeria and the Republic of Cote d'tvo!^

il * T °f the ^ua-.ria! Development Services Group of ECa-sponsored

assistant' ^ Centre particiPa-d - --"nS to Zaire and Zambia to'provldo

assistance for the setting up of copper based industries in thes« countries Two co-cperation Egrc=.T=:.te were signed during 1985:

(a) ;, quadripartite ajree-nent involving the Centre, the World Intellectual

rYr\anrarr/Kifoi' the Mrican ^^^ ^ n?h fIndUftrlnl Pr^rty Organization fcr English-speaking Africa ^the ^zst

on the fac,litat,n, t,le role of patents and industrial property rights m the acquisition of foreign technology for African countries; and

(b)

bilateral oc -operation agreement was also signed with the

4

ncte for Higher Technical Training and

Research (filHTTR)

After a period of relative inactivity, the Institute, during the biennium under review, embarked on programmes aimed at getting it off the ground, in r.hxs respect, the Institute identified five priority training and research centres which U should ^bkah. These will deal with technical teacher training, agricultural engineering and food technology, electromechanical engineering, industrial production and environmental management and

^xz^iucTcural studies. Assistance was sought from the EEC and the Governments ot the Federal I.ep.blic of Germany, Prance, the United States of America, India and Canada for the establishment of these centres.

Steps were also taken t~ integrate the Institute in the implementation ot .he various phases of a project initiated by ECA, UNESCO and ANSTI for rtT1S1"f° &deqUritQ i^»B^ial training as part of regular engineering

oroddctio v1Can 1UStitUti— ^ this purpose, pilot training an!

faculties WOrkS/vPS ™U ^ ^tabliahed in selected African engineering

in eiaht Afr^n +CG.nn"ct^a' * »«8ion visited engineering institutions

^C^z^^zr^?^GhKii

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 27

During the period under review, the Institute organized training courses,

managed maintenance in metallurgy/foundry industries and industrial

instrumentation which attracted participants from African countries as shown

in table below:

Year Course/workshop

1984 Managed maintenance in

metallurgy/foundry industries, in Cairo, from 22 November to 7 December

Number of students

23

Countries

Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Congo, Ghana f Kenya, Mali, Mauritius, Cote d'lvoire, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, and Zambia.

1985 Industrial instrumentation in

Cairo, from 7 October to 2 November

13 Chad, Egypt, Kenya, Rwanda, Seychelles, Somalia and Zambia

After a successful briefing, membership drive and fund-raising mission to the member States of the Institute, namely Egypt, Ghana, Liberia, Mali, Sengegal, Uganda and Zaire, a.id to non-member States, namely Burundi, Republic of Cote d'Ivoire, Sierra Leone, the Republic of Tanzania, Togo, Zambia and Zimbabwe, over $US 300,000 of arrears of membership contributions were paid and Liberia agreed to recall its letter suspending its membership of the

Institute.

The Institute, in its capacity as a co-ordinator of the Industrial

Development and Services Group of ECA-sponsored institutions, was represented

on a preliminary fact-finding mission to Zambia and 2aire on the production

of electric motors in those countries, h related project document was prepared

by the Institute. The Institute designed a questionnaire to be completed

by its member States which woulc enable it to evaluate the training capacities

of its member states towards the establishment of a network of African

institutions in the field of higher technical training and research.

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 28

The Institute maintained close working relationship with UNESCO, WHO,

UNEP and FAO.

African Regional Industrial Property Organization (ARIPO)

During the period under review, the Harare Protocol, which empowers ARIPO to grant patents and register industrial designs on behalf of the States that adhere to it, was poorly patronized. Only eight countries have adhered to it and only 12 patent applications have been filed since the Protocol

entered into force in April 1984.

Progress was made in acquiring a permanent ARIPO headquarters. The EEC agreed that the sum of 55,000 ECU it has embarked towards the construction of the ARIPO could be used towards the cheaper expediency of purchasing a house to be converted into the headquarters.

The failure of some members to pay their outstanding contributions including arrears made it. impossible for ARIPO to recruit necessary staff

or to undertake its planned activities.

In July 1985, ARIPO, ARCT, OAPI and WIPO concluded a quardripartite

agreement under which the four institutions will co-operate to promote and

strengthen industrial property and transfer of technology in Africa. At

its ninth annual session, the Counci changed the name of the organization

from the Industrial Property Organization for English-speaking Africa to

the African Regional Industrial Property Organization.

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 29

D, SOCIAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT INSTITUTIONS

African Institute for Economic Development and Planning (IDEP)

The main activities of IDEP in the field of training consisted of a two- year cycle of autonomous but interrelated training courses. The basic nine- month course in development planning and policies was attended by 51 trainees from 13 African countries. Three short-term sectoral courses focusing on the following sectors were offered: industry, energy and human resources.

The first one on industry was given during the first term, while the other two were given during the second term. They were attended by a total of 57 trainees. The six-month research programme whose participants are required to write a research paper in an area of specialization in order to earn an M.A. Degree, was attended by 15 students who successfully qualified for the M.A. Degree. Details of the countries of all the students and the courses and programmes attended are given in the table below:

In the fields of research and advisory services, and apart from ongoing research work in the trade and development issues, a study was prepared on the establishment of an African Monetary Fund. Two seminars were held during the period under review, the first on the eradication of illiteracy in Africa in collaboration with UNESCO; and the second on energy plans in Africa in

collaboration with the World Bank.

African Centre for Applied Research and Training

i in Social Development (ACARTSOD)

The main objectives of ACARTSOD are to undertake and promote research and training in the field of social development. It has also an important duty to create, develop and promote the African Social Information System

(ASIS).

In social development research, priority was given to the study of social implications of drought in the short- medium and long-term; a comparative study of social security systems in Africa was completed. Research into concepts and theoretical basis for , social development and an evaluation of social development strategies in Africa were initiated and the Directory of Social Development Research and Training Institutions revised. A research network covering all the African subregions was launched.

In. the field of training, a ACARTSOD, in accordance wittithe biennium programme, organized training activities at national, subregionat and regional

levels., '

Country Table .,H-.Three-montjfrspecializationprogrammes N;ine-manth,.,-•.:£,_;.■..C■■■--;~'>::'■.;-

basic programme; £ Industrialization Energy: Human resources

Six-month{research trainingprogramme

> oo Total 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.

Benin BurkinaFaso Burundi Comoros Djibouti Guinea Guinea(Bissau) Coted'voir Kenya Lesotho Liberia Malawi Mali Morocco Niger Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Tanzania Chad Togo Uganda Zambia Zaire

2

■ .""' -\ 3

:2

'■'■, 2

'.'-':■-- ';k7 .;■.-■ :■■■- .;-- -

■: ■ "' 2

"■■- ,'.-— :ao

. ::1

--3

10

4 2 '';'- 3

:A 2 2 1

.if; ■i l

6 7 6 2 1 13 2 1 1 4 6 2 4 3 11 4 3 21 3 13 3 2 1 6 TOTAL5319162217127

E/ECA/CM.12/25

Page 31

Three national courses, one subregional seminar and one regional workshop were organized in 1985. The national level courses on social development, social planning and social administration, etc., were conducted in Burundi, the Congo and Chad, in which respectively 40, 80 and 40 planners, policy makers and decision implementers participated.

A subregional training programme was also organized in Brazzaville, Congo in which high officials from eight Central African countries (Burundi, Cameroon , Chad, the Congo, Gabon, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe and Zaire)

participated.

The year 1935 witnessed a considerable increase in participants in the training programmes in terms of countries and number of participants. A workshop at regional level en "Youth facing employment crisis in Africa" was organized in Tripoli, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya at the Centre's headquarters from 17 to 22 November 1985. The workshop attracted 16 African countries, four international and two regional organizations. I/. The proceedings of the workshop will be published in due course.

Publications during the period under review include research papers on social planning and administration in Africa and on social security systems in Africa, and papers on planning and administration of social development programmes in rural areas and on the social implications of industrialization

in Africa.

Like almost all the institutions, ACARTSOD's development was plagued by the lack of financial support from the bulk of its member States.

1/ Algeria, Eenin, Eurundi, Cameroon, the Congo, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-

Bissau, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Mali, Mauritius, Rwanda, Sao-Tome and Principe,

Senegal, the Sudan and Zimbabwe; ILO, UNESCO, UNDP, UNU; ECA and OAU.

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 32

Eastern and Southern African Management Institute (ESAMI)

In the fulfilment of its primary objective which is to improve the

performance and management effectiveness of public and private institutions

and enterprises within its member States, ESAMI continued to expand its programme of management training in 1984-1985, In 1984, ESAMI conducted 57 courses'with 1,294 participants,. In 1985, -he number of participants increased to 1,538

with 72 courses run both at it.s headquarters at Njiro Hill, Arusha and with the countries of its service area. Participants were drawn in varying numbers

from Angola., Botswana,. Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius,

Mozambique,., Seychelles, Somalia, Swaziland, the United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda, .Zanbia and, Zimbabwe, There was a significant increase in the participation of countries front southern Africa in ESAMI's activities during the period under review. An ESAhl programme of management training was developed for the SADCC area at a meeting of Permanent/Principal Secretaries in charge of manpower development and heads of national management training institutions

at Harare in December 1984 and August 1985.

ESAMI's budget for 1984 was $US 3.2 million and in 1985 it was $US 4.57

million. Subventions accounted for about 10 per cent of the total in 1984

and for 7 per cent in 1985.

Relations and contacts with international regional and subregional organizations and donor.,,agencies such as the World Bank, UNDP, ECA, CFTC, the

Commonwealth Secretariat, CJDA, USAID, U$DA, IDRC, ADB, .,PTA and SADCC increased

significantly during the period under review in large measure because of the increasing strengthening of ESAMI's capabilities in management training in the region with a professional international staff of 40. In June 1984, an international review mission cf 3SAMI headed by the World Bank concluded, inter alia_r that "ESAMI is an extremely useful institution and fully deserving of support from the international cemmunity". The team also concluded that ESAMI's training "is probably the best in the region'-, and recommended that ESAMI should concinue to "concentrate on courses appropriately offered on a regional basis".

The establishment of the Association of Management Training Institutions of

Eastern and Southern Africa (AMTIESA) at Addis Ababa in December 1985 ushers

in a new chapter of collaborative relationships between ESAMI and national

institutions.

Regional Institute for Population Studies (RIPS)

The main activities at RIPS during the biennium continue to be the Graduate

Diplcma and the Master of Arts courses in population studies. In 1984, 24

students from 10 countries (Ethiopia,. Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, Somalia,

Sierra Leone, the Sudan and the United Republic of Tanzania) pursued the Graduate

Diploma Course and in 1985, 27 students from eight countries (Ethiopia, Ghana,

Malawi, Mauritius, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia and the Sudan) did the same

course. For the M.A. Course the number were six and seven respectively.

E/ECA/CM.12/25 Page 33

A meeting of the Advisory Board on Studies and Research was held in 1984 and meetings of the Governing Council in 1934 and 1985. The University of Ghana approved the new Master of Arts and Master of Philosophy programmes, which replace the former Graduate Diploma and Master of Arts programmes respectively, arid 44 students admitted since October 1985 are working towards the new degees.

The students are from Botswana, Ethiopia, the Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho,.

Liberia, Malawi, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia, the Sudan, the United Republic

of Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia.

In 1984, RIPS organized a workshop on demographic data evaluation and analysis in Harare, Zimbabwe and in July 1985, it organized jointly with EGA a workshop on demographic estimates and projections in Accra, Ghana and another on internal migration and development also in Accra, Ghana in August 1985.

The Population Information and Documentation System for Africa (PIDSA) Unit of RIPS produced Volume 4, No. 2 of PIDSA Abstracts. While work was continuing on the production of Vol. 5, No. 1, it also completed the production of PIDSA Newsletter, No. 4. PIDSA represents an important node of ECA' s Population Information System (POPIN-Africa), During the period, PIDSA was able to provide to clients a total number of 3,785 pages of photocopies and 198 copies of the documents listed in PIDSA Abstracts. The Ghana Government continued to provide financial support to the Institute whilst no contributions have been received from other African Governments. The reduction of UNFPA funding by almost 20 per cent has been a cause for concern.

Institut de formation et de recherche demoqraphiques (IFORD)

The main activity at IFORD during the biennium continues to be the two- year course leading to the Diploma in Demography. In the 1983-1984 academic year, 20 students from 14 countries {Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Comoros, Republic of Cote d'lvoire, Gabon, Madagascar, Mali, Chad, Senegal, Zaire and Haiti) were admitted to the first year, and 23 students from 15 countries (Algeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, the Congo, Gabon, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Republic of Cote d■Ivoire f Senegal, Togo and Zaire) were admitted to be second year. In the 1984-1985 acaademic year, 18 students from 14 countries (Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Congo, Djibouti, Guinea, Madagascar, Mali, Republic of d'lvoire, Senegal, Togo, Zaire and Haiti) were admitted to the first year, and 20 students from 13 countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Comoros, the Congo, Gabon, Madagascar, Mali, Republic of Cote d'lvoire, Senegal,

Togo and Haiti) were admitted to the second year.

In 1984, ECA organized a mission which evaluated the academic programmes of IFORD and made recommendations. These were discussed and approved in general by the meeting of the Advisory Board on Studies and Research in 1984.

IFORD organized middle-level training introductory courses in statistics

and demography in the Comoros U984) and Djibouti (1985). Ir also continued

the analysis of the data on surveys of infant and child mortality carried out

in five member countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Congo, and Togo).

E/fcCA/CM. 12/25 Page 34

During this period, IFORD also participated in the POPIN-Africa project co ordinated by the ECA Population Division in collaboration with PADIS.

With respect to publications, issues of the Annales de 1'IFORD (numbers 7 and 8), the Bulletin de liaison de democrraphique africaine, the proceeding of the National Seminar on Population Policies in Mali held in 1983, the series

Notes et documents (numbers 2, 3, 4 and 5) v;ere published.

During the biennium, IFORD experienced very difficult financial problems

due to the reduction in UNFPA funding and the insufficiency and irregularity

in the receipt of contributions from its member States. In 1984 only five

countries (Cameroon, the Congo, Gabon, Republic of Cote d'lvoire, and Zaire)

out of 25 paid their yearly contributions; in 1985 six countries {Cameroon,

the Central African Republic, Gabon, Republic of Cote d'lvoire, Senegal and

Togo) paid their contributions.

E/EGA/CM.12/25 Page 35

E. 1RADS AND TRANSPORT GROUP

. Port Management Association of West and ■

Central Africa (PMAWCA)

During the period under review, the new international buoyage system which seeks to modernize and standardize all navigational aids in the erTS fUrther introduced in other ports which were yet to benefit In December 1984, the Association, in collaboration with the International Mantxme Organization (IMO), organized a weeklong seminar in Dakar, Senegal, to acquaint participants drawn from member ports of the Association with the advantages of the United Nations' "Documentation and Facilitation Convention as well as to encourage the formation of related national committees.

A3SOciation <»*«ked upon a training project specifically for CT°i P^f equi^erit* ^e- Project is in five phases and when

r°VidS tWC 5Ct ( Eli

!uilv wT T,i ^f Pj is in five phases and when h P!f °Ul Pr°VidS tWC 5CntreS (one En*lish -Peaking, the other

French speaking). Paasu i Or7 the project, which consists of a survey of requirements ^in thi* cctor, was successfully completed in Cotonou port, Benin m October 1985 by a Dutch consulting firm, ASEC. The four other phases

are expected to get off the ground in due course.

i-h. JIV11* rTe? °f thS Association< IMO .provided an expert who visited

the member port of Freetown, Sierra Leone, in November 1985. The expert's

TTL refere i eone, in November 1985. The expert's

TcTLv referen^e Were to i^ntify the overall training requirements and of treoor?CTh Oir-With a ViSW tO enhanci^ the manpower potentials;

of the port. The report i^ yet to be submitted.

^^f a?SpiceS °f the Association and the collaboration with the authoritf ^^-^&*™**S. in Paris, the Abidjan and San Pedro

nn organized th, third African. Ports Symposium for shippers,

2U^\^^ ^i— -nufacturers, etc., to d^cuss

and

Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa (PMAESA)

°f i*»rovi*'> the «=-°rdination of activities between the