The Canadian program for International Geophysical Cooperation, 1959

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CANADIAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR THE

INTERNATIONAL GEOPHYSICAL YEAR

C9()PERATI0N

GEOPHYSIQUE

INTERNATIONALE

INTERNATIONAL

GEOPHYSICAL

COOPERATION

THE CANADIAN PROGRAM

FOR

INTERNATIONAL GEOPHYSICAL COOPERATION

1959

ASSOCIATE COMMITTEE ON GEODESY AND GEOPHYSICS, NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA.

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CANADIAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE

FOR THE

INTERNATIONAL GEOPHYSICAL

YEAR

D. C. ROSE. CHAIRMAN _{J. L. LOCKE}

C. S. BEALS _{R. G. MADILL} 8. W. CURRIE _{D. W. R. McKINLEY} F. T. DAVIES _{A, G. McNAMARA} K. DAVIES _P._{M. MILLMAN} P. A. FORSYTH _{W. PETRIE} H. 8 . HACHEY _G._{W. ROWLEY} J. A. JACOBS _{J. C. W. SCOTT} R. F. LEGGET _A._THOMSON J. E. LILLY _{K. WHITHAM}

CANADIAN NATIONAL COORDINATING COMMITTEE

FOR THE

D. C. ROSE, CHAIRMAN

C. S. BEALS

F. T. DAVIES D. W. R. McKINLEY B.W. CURRIE. EX· OFFICIO

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CANADIAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR THE

,

COOPERATION

GEOPHYSIQUE

INTERNATIONALE

INTERNATIONAL

GEOPHYSICAL

COOPERATION

THE CANADIAN PROGRAM

FOR

INTERNATIONAL GEOPHYSICAL COOPERATION

1959

ASSOCIATE COMMITTEE ON GEODESY AND GEOPHYSICS, NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA .

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i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

List of Abbrevia tions _ii

Int r odu cti on _iii

L i st of P artic i pati ng G r oups iv

I Wo rld Days

1

II M e t e o r ol og y

3

III G e omagnetis m

₅

I V Au rora and A i rgl ow

7

V I onosphere

₉

VI Solar Ac t ivi ty ₁₁ VII Cos m i c Ra y s ₁₃

VIII L a t itud e s a nd Longitud e s

15

I X Glaci ol o g y

17

X Oceano grap hy

₁₉

X I Ro c k e ts and Sa t elli t e s

21

X II Seis m ol o g y

23

X III. G rav ity

25

XI V Nuclear R a d i a t i on

27

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A. C. I. G. Y. Army RC Sigs. BIH C . S. A.G. I. DA Dom. Obs. Dom. Astrophys. Obs . DOT- MET DOT- RAN DOT-TELE DRB ILS McG NRG OAC RCAF ii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

Advis ory Council of the International Geophysical Year

Army, Royal Canadian Si gnals

Bureau International de 1 ' Heure

Special Committee for the International Geophysical Year Department of Agriculture

Domin i on Observatory - (a branch of the Department of M i nes and Tech n ical Surveys).

Dominion Astrophys ical Observatory - (a branch of the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys) Department of Transport - Meteorological Branch

- Radio Aids to Navi gati on - Telec ommunications Branch Defence Research Board

International Lat itude Service McGill University

Nati onal Research Council of Canada Ontari o Agricultural College

Royal Canadian A ir Fo rce Reg. Astron. Soc. Regi na Astronomi cal Society Univ. of Man. University of Manitoba

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iii

THE CANADIAN PROGRAM FOR

INTERNATIONAL GEOPHYSICAL COOPERATION (I. G. C.) 1959

INTRODUCTION

Though the recommendations of the C. S. A.G. I. and A . C. I. G. Y. meetings in Moscow in August 1958 were , in effect , that the program of geophysical measurements be continued according to the I . G. Y. plan until the end of 1959, the Canadian program will have to be curtailed considerably. This is partly because the small group of Canadian scientists covering a large geographical area dir ected their efforts during the pre-I. G . Y . and I. G. Y. period to the production of data to meet the suggestions prepared by C. S. A.G. I. and its various working groups . It is obvi ously impractical for u s to continue this emphasis for a prolonged period. This report, therefore, represents the current views and plans on what can be done on a l ong term bas is, particularly in regard to the acquisiti on of data that can be prepar ed fo r distribution to continuing World Data Centres.

Further , the suggestion has been made that in some disciplines the time is approaching for a review of both the object ive s and techniques of long continued measurements .

Regarding the Canadian Nati onal Committee and Coordinating Committee, our plan is that these committees, particularly t h e former, should be dissolved at an early date. Some offic e will be set up to continue cooperation with the Special Committee on Inter- Union Coope ration and to complete the Canadian I. G. Y. and I. G. C. 1959 rec o r d. Actually the var ious I. G. Y. disciplines e ach have only one or two natural headquarte r s in Canada and these can ope rate d irectly with Data Centres.

D . C. Rose , Chairman , Canadian National Committee

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iv

PARTICIPATING GROUPS CONTACT

World Days

Meteorology

Geomagnetism

Aurora and Air gl ow

Ionosphere

Solar Activity

Pure Phys ic s D ivis i on, Mr. W. F. Mahoney Nati onal Research Cou ncil ,

100 Suesex Drive, Ottawa , Ontar i o.

Meteorological Branch, Department of Transport , 315 Bloor Stree t , West, Toronto , Ontari o.

Geomagnetic D i vis i on , M i nes and Technical

Survey s Department , Domini on Obs ervat ory , 5 Observatory Cr e s c ent, Ottawa , Ontari o.

Dr. W. Godson

Dr . R. G. Madill

Department of P hys ic s , Dr. B. W. Curr ie Univers ity of Saskatchewan ,

Saskatoon , Saskatchewan. Radi o and E lect rical

Engi neering D ivis i on, National R e searc h Council, Montre al Roa d Laborator i e s , Ottawa , Ontario.

Depar t ment of P hys ic s , Univers ity of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon , Saskatch ewan.

Dr . P. M. M illman Dr. A. G. McNamara

Dr. B. W. C urrie D r . D. M. Hunten D r . A. V. Jone s Defence R esearch T elec om- D r. J ... S. B elr os e munication Establishment ,

Shirley Bay, Ottawa , Ontar i o.

Department of P hysic s, Dr. B. W. Currie Univers ity of Saskatchewan,

Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. Rad i o and Electrical

Engine ering Di v i s i on , National R esearch Council , Montreal Ro a d Laboratories , Ott awa , Ontar i o.

Mr. A. E. Covi ngt on (Radio Measurements )

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V

PARTICIPATING GROUPS CONTACT

Solar Activity Cosmic Rays Latitudes and Longitudes Glaciology Oceanography University of Toronto , David Dunlap Observatory , Richmond Hill,

Toronto , Ontario.

Dr. D. A. Mac Rae (Radio Measurements)

Defence Research Telecom- Mr. To R. Hartz munication Establishment ,

Shirley Bay , Ottawa , Ontario.

Stellar Physics Division , Mines and Technical

Surveys Department , Dominion Observatory, 3 Observatory Crescent, Ottawa , Ontario. (Radio Measurements) Dr. J. L o Locke ( Optical Measureme nts )

Pure Physics Division , Dr. D. C. Rose National Research Council , Dr. J. Katzman 100 Sussex Drive ,

Ottawa, Ontario. Positional Astronomy

Division,

Mines and Technical Surveys Department, Dominion Observatory , 3 Observatory Crescent , Ottawa , Ontario. Department of Physics , University of Toronto, Toronto , Ontario. Mr. M o M o Thomson Dr. j. T. Wilson

Directorate of Physical Mr. T. A. Harwood Research ( Geophysics),

Defence Research Board, 125 Elgin Street , Ottawa , Ontario. Joint Committee on Oceanography , St. Andrews , N. B. Dr. H.B. Hachey

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vi

PAR TICIPATI NG GROUPS

Oceanog raph y Canadian Hydrographic Service ,

Mines and Technical

Surveys Department, No. 8 Building,

Carling Avenue , Ottawa , Ontario.

Roc k e t s a n d Satellite s Stellar Physics Division , M in es and Technical Seis mology G r avit y Nuclear R adiat i o n Surveys Department , Dominion Observatory , 3 Observatory Crescent , Ottawa , Ontario .

Seis mology Division , Mines and Technical

Surveys Department, Dominion Observatory, 3 Observatory Crescent, Ottawa , Ontario.

Gravity Division, Mines and Technical

Surveys Department, Dominion Observatory , 5 Observatory Crescent, Ottawa , Ontar i o.

X- Rays and Nuclear Radiations ,

Applied Physics D i v i s i on, National Research Council , 100 Sussex Dr ive ,

Ottawa , Ontar i o.

Effective April 1, 1959 , Nuclear Radiat i on

Observations will be taken over by -CONTACT Mr. N. G. Gray (Tides) Dr. J. L. Locke Dr. P. L. Willmore Dr. M. J. S. Innes Mr . C. Garrett Dr. J. L. Wolfson

Occupational Health Division, Dr. P. M. Bird National Health and Welfare

Department , 45 Spencer Street , Ottawa, Onta r io.

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vii

PAR TIC IP AT ING GROUPS

Meteor Studies _{Radio and Electrical}

Engineering Division, National Research Council, Montreal Road Laboratories, Ottawa , Ontario.

Stellar Physics Division, Mines and Technical

Surveys Department, Dominion Observatory, 3 Observatory Crescent , Ottawa , Ontario. CONTACT Dr. P. M. Millman Dr. I. Halliday

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1

-I . WORLD DAYS

World Days will continue to be recognized by the various disciplines where applicable . For the most p art observations have been of a continuous nature and except perhaps in Meteorology and in support of the rocket p r ogram at Churchill, World Days o r intervals have not played an important part in the whole Canadian program.

With World Days the re are the communication channels for sending information to the World Wa rning Agenc y and receiving return information. The central communication l oc ation fo r this is the

Department of Transport Rad io Stat ion at Shirley Bay, Ottawa. This will continue to be our centre. Daily telephone call s to the I. G. Y.

World Warning Agency at Fort B elvoir are normally made to t ransmit ionosphere data , and I. G . Y. o r I . G. C .( 1959) information and warnings will be transm itte d and received at the same time. Other bilateral arrangements have been made throughout the I. G . Y. , such a s , direct messages to and from Fort Churchill. If t he U.S. Meteorological Net -work continues to carry I . G. C. warnings , these will be received by

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2

-International Geophysical Cooperation 1959

Final Calendar

1959 IANUARY 1959

Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sat.

I 2G)

0 s

6 1 8

G®

II 12 13 1-4 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 2-4 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1959 APRIL 1959

Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sat.

s

12

19 20 21 22 23 M 25 26 27 28 29 30

1959 JULY 1959

Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu Fri. Sal

I 2 3 -4 5 6 7 8 10 r=,--,=---'--, 12 13 17 19 20 2-4 1959 OCTOBER 1959

:-:-T~o W:d~

II 12 13 1-4 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 2-4 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1960 JANUARY 1960

Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sal.

l -4 5 6 7 8 ₉ 11@)®@15 16 18 19 20 21 22 23 14 11 25 26 27 28 29 30 1959 FEBRUARY 1959

Sun. Mf?n. Tue. Wed. Thu Fri. Sal

I 2 3 4 5 6 7

8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16

@®®

20 21

22 23 2-4 25 26 27 28

1959 MAY 1959

Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sal

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11@@)@15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 1 \, 25 26 27 28 29 30 1959 AUGUST 1959

Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu Fri. Sal

I 2 3 -4 5 6 7 8 9 10@@@1,4 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 2JIO 1\ 1 25 26 27 28 29 1959 NOVEMBER 1959

Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu Fri. Sat.

I 2 3 4 5 6 7

8 9 10 11 12 13 1-4

15 16

@®®

20 21

22 23 2-4 25 26 27 28 29 30

Regular World Day

1959 MARCH 1959

Sun. Mon. Tue. Wad. Thu. Fri. Set.

2 3 4 S 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1-4 ~:-~6j@®® :~-~~: :22 _ 23 24_ 25 26 :21 28 29 30 31 1959 IUNE 1959

Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu Fri. Sat.

2 3 -4 5 6 7

-~--~-lQ.!!.H._~3--'~] 15

®®®.'!-~~:

L2~ _

ｾ＠

_ 2..3 _

ｾｾＺ＠

25 26 21 28 29 30 1959 SEPTEMBER 1959

Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Frt. Sal

2 3 -4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 :13 1-4@)@@18 19:

:_2~ _ ~'-

-~f

n-i~

-is-it:

27 28 29 30 1959 DECEMBER 1959

Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sal

2 3 -4 5

,--,

6 7 8 9 10 11 tll• - - - I :13@@@@ 18 19: I -1_2~ _ 2~J 22 23 2-4 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

Regular World Day with highest priori~y

Regular World Day with unusual meteoric activity Regular World Day with highest priority and unusual meteoric activity

Day of total eclipse

: 17 18 19 20 2tl

,-22-23-

M 25 26

:---L __________ _

____

_i!

16 17 25181

!19 20 21 22 23 2-4 _

Regular World Interval ( R WI ) World Meteorological Interval ( W M I )

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3

-II. METEOROLOGY

The Canadian meteorological research program was carried out by the Meteorological Branch of the Canadian Government Department of

Transport. The meteorological work of this Branch is closely linked with that of the U.S. Weather Bureau since they cover large areas on the same continent.

The I. G. Y. meteorology program, as such, will end on December 31 , 1958, according to the original plan. However , almost all of the work started for the I. G. Y. will be continued. Data will not be forwarded to the World Meteorological Organization Data Centre until the question of

approval for the continuation of the Centre for an additional year is decided by W. M. O. Congress in April, 1959. Apart from this, the present I. G. Y. procedures as they refer to synoptic and aerological observations will be maintained at least until June 30 , 1959.

Tabulations will also be maintained on I. G. Y. forms for observations of radiation and ozone at the stations listed below :

Stati ons Geographical Operated by Observations *

Aklavik, N. W . T . Alert, N. W. T. Churchill , Man. Dartmouth, N. S. Edmonton, Alta. Fort Simpson , N. W. T. Goose, Nfld. Guelph, Ont. Kapuskasing , Ont. Knob Lake , Que . Lethbridge , Alta . Moncton, N. B. Moos onee, Ont .

Normandin, Que. Ottawa, Ont. Resolute, N. W. T. St. John's , Nfld. SaskatooI\, Sask. Summerland, B. C. Toronto, Ont. Winnipeg, Man. * List of observations : Lat. Long.

ON

ow

68.2 82.5 58.8 44.6 53.6

61. 9

53.3 43.6 49.4 54.8 49.6 46.1 51. 3 48.6 45.4 74.7 47.6 52.1 49.6 43.7

49.9

135. 0 62.3 94.2 63 . 5 113. 5 121. 3 60.4 80.3 82. 5 66 . 8 112. 8 64.7 80.7 72.5 75.8 94.9 52.7 106. 6 119. 7 79.6 97.4

0 Ozone observati ons

R Solar radiation (daily totals only) . R1 _{Solar radiation (hourly values).}

DOT- MET DOT-MET DRB DOT-MET /DRB DOT-MET DOT-MET DOT-MET OAC DOT-MET DOT-MET /McG DOT-MET DOT-MET DOT-MET DOT- MET/DA DOT- MET /NRG DOT-MET DOT- MET/DA NRG DOT-MET/DA DOT-MET DOT-MET

R" Solar radiation and radiation balance (hourly values). N ote (1) - The ozone instrument at Alert will be transferred to

Toronto during the spring of 1959.

R'

0 (1) R

R '

R ', 0 R R R R R R R R', 0

R'

R", 0 R R R R", O (1)

R'

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- 5

-III. GEOMAGNETISM

The future program in geomagnetism should be considered in the light of two separate objectives. Firstly, the traditional requirement of fixed stations with continuous recording and the temporary occupation of a large number of points with supplemental airborne surveys will be

continued with some expansion above the pre-I. G. Y. program. Secondly, a number of stations were established during the I. G. Y. in support of other disciplines p namely, the aurora and ionosphere. The data from these geomagnetic stations p established mainly at centres of activity in other disciplines, have not in general been reproduced for world data centres largely because of the difficulty of reproducing many miles of recording milliammeter charts. ~ The records will be used as part of the Canadian geomagnetic net and will eventually be available at the Dominion Observatory p Ottawa, for study .

Stations of first type, established mainly for geomagnetic studies, which will be continued are

-Stations Agincourt P Ont. Baker Lake, N. W. T . Churchill, Man. Meanook, Alta. Resolute , N. W. T. Victoria p B. C . Geogra;ehical Lat. Lon~ . ON ow

43. 8

79.3

64.3

96.0

58.8 94. 2

54.6 113. 3

74.7

94.9

48.5 123. 4

O;eerated by for

Dom. Obs. Dom. Obs. Dom . Obs. Dom . Obs.

DRB DRB

Dom. Obs. Dom. Obs. Dom. Obs. Dom. Obs. Dom. Obs . Dom. Obs. Data from these stat i ons will continue to flow on the same basis as a rranged for I. G. Y.

Stations which were established mainly in support of other activit ies and which w ill be continued are

-Stati ons

Flin Flon p Man . Saskatoon, Sask. Swi ft Current p Sask.

Geogra;ehical Lato Loni1 ON ow

54.7 102. 0

52.1 106. 6

50 . 3 108. 0

O;eerated _QL for

Mr. B. Morrison Dom. Obs. Univ. of Sask. Dom. Obs.

DA Dom. Obs.

Since these are electronic instruments, reproduction of records will still be difficult p therefore p data centres will not be supplied with copies of the records.

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7

-IV. AURORA AND AIR GLOW

Since the zone of maximum auroral occurrence crosses Canada , the Canadian groups engaged in auroral research feel responsible for continuing observations in this field. The committee recommends, however, that there should be some concentration of effort on the analysis of exi sting data before new plans are made for continued experiments on a scale approaching that of the I. G. Y. program. The observing effort will hence be curtailed consider-ably during 1959. It is proposed to continue observations at certain stati ons and to distribute the data from these stations according to the I. G. Y. plan. 1. All-Sky Gamer as

35 mm All Sky Cameras will be operated throughout 1959 at

-Stati ons Geogra:ehical Operated

Lat~ Lons.

ｾ＠

oN

ow

Churchill, Man. 58.8 94.2 DRB

Meanook, Alta. 54.6 113. 3 Dom. Obs. Ottawa, Ont. 45.4 75.8 NRG

Saskatoon, Sask. 52.1 106.6 Univ. of Sask.

35 mm All- Sky Cameras will be operated until April 15, 1959 , Stations Baker Lake , N. W. T. Resolute , N. W. T.

*

Ge-ogra:ehical Lat; Long. ON

o

W 64.3 74.7 48.5 96.0 94.9 123. 4 NRG NRG Q:eerated Dom. Obs. £.or NRG NRG NRG NRG at -for NRG NRG NRG Victoria , B. C.

*

There i s some possibility that this camera could be operated to the end of 1959 but arrangements have not yet be en made.

16 mm AllSky Cameras will be kept in operation at

-Stations Geogra:ehical Operated

Lat. Lons•

_ｾ＠

for

0

'

0

N

w

Flin Flon, Man. 54.7 102. 0 Mr. B. Morrison Univ. of

Sask. Regina , Sask. 51. 0 104. 5 Reg. Astron. Soc. II

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8

-2. Auroral Intensity Recorders

The auroral intensity recorder program will terminate early in 1959. 3. Auroral Radar

The I. G. Y. auroral radar equipments will be operated throughout 1959 at the following stations:

Stations Ottawa, Ont. Saskatoon, Sask. Geographical Lat. Long.

ON

OW

45.4 52.1 75.8 106. 6 Operated NRG Univ. of Sask. for NRG NRG The auroral radars at the following stations will be closed down on April 15, 1959, and put in storage at these stations for possible use

at

a

later period in the solar cycle: Stations Baker Lake, N. W. T. Resolute, N. W. T. Geographical Lat. Long. ON

ow

64.3 74.7 96.0 94.9 4 . Patrol Spectrographs NRG

NRG

Operated NRG NRG

The patrol spectrographs will be kept in operation throughout 1959 at the following stations :

Stations Churchill , Man. Meanook, Alta. Saskatoon, Sask. Geographical Lat. Long. ON

ow

58. 8 94.2 54. 6 113. 3 52.1 106.6 Operated by DRB Dom. Obs. Univ. of Sask. The patrol spectrographs will be operated at the following stations until April 15, 1959 : Stations Baker Lake , N. W. T. Resolute , N. W. T. Geographical Lat. Long. oN oW 64.3 96.0 74. 7 94. 9 5. Visual Auroral Observations

Operated by

NRG

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9

-V. IONOSPHERE

In the case of the ionosphere there is also some feeling that a

re- orientation of programs is desirable . A number of stations in Canada have been carrying 6ut vertical sounding for several years and contributing to the international pool. Our plan is to make some changes during

1959.

The program from which data can be sent to international data centres will be limited to the following:

1. Vertical Sounding

Regular measurements will continue at -Stations Churchill, Man. Ottawa, Ont. Resolute, N. W . T. St. John's, Nfld.

*

Geographical Lat. Long. ON

ow

58.8

45.4

74.7

47.6

94.2

75.8

94.9

52.7

•

Operated DOT-TELE DOT-TELE DOT-TELE DOT-TELE for DRB DRB DRB DRB

*

It is expected that operation of the St. John's station will be transferred from the U.S. A. to Canada prior to July

1, 1959.

The two following stations will be put on a patrol basis effective January

31 , 1959

0 with data only available on special request :

Stations Geogra12hical Operated

Lat. Long. by

oN

ow

Alert, N . W.T.

82.5

62.3

DRB

Victoria , B. C.

48.5 123. 4

Dom. Obs.

The following stations w i ll cease operations on the dates shown:

Stations Geographical Operated

Lat. Long. by

o'N

ow

*

Baker Lake , N. W. T.

64.3

96.0

DOT-TELE Clyde R i ver , N. W. T.#

70.5

68.5

DOT-MET Eureka , N. W. T. #

80.0

85.9

DOT-MET Fort Chimo , Que.#

58.1

68.5

DOT-MET Fort Norman , N . W. T •

#

64. 9

125. 5

Army-RC Sigs. Frobisher, N. W. T. #

63.8

68.5

DOT-MET Meanook , Altai

54.6 113. 3

Dom. Obs. Yellowknife , N. W. T.

62.4 114. 4

DOT-RAN

*

Prior to April

1, 1959.

# Operations w ill cease onJanuary

31, 1959.

for DRB DRB for DRB DRB DRB DRB DRB DRB DRB DRB

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2.

10

-Atmospheric Radio Noise

Continuous recordings will be taken at the following stations on frequencies of 11 , 35 and 135 KC until September 1959. Monthly median hourly values of r. m. s. field intensity above 1 uv/m in 1 KC bandwidth are tabulated. These will be sent to W . D. C. 's. Stations Geographical by 0Eerated for

I .at.

I.cng.

ON ow Churchill, Man. Ottawa , Ont.

58.8

45.4

94.2

75.8

DRB DRB DRB DRB

3. Abs otption Measurements

Plans for continued absorption measurements are incomplete, though measurements may be continued at some stations.

4. In the following activities some measurements will be taken but

the data will not be reproduced for regular transmission to W. D. C. 's. Specific comments can be supplied from the Radio Physics Laborator y of the Defence Research Board, Ottawa,on request~

(A) Forward Scatter

Transmiss i ons from Coral Harbour to Ottawa and other points . (B) Cosmic Noise Absorption

M e asurements at 30 mc/s at Ottawa and Churchill. (C) VLF (Emission)

Tape recordings at Ottawa and possibly at other points t o the north.

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11

-VI. SOLAR ACTIVITY

1. Flare Activity (Dom. Obs.)

Flare patrol using the H-alpha monochromatic filter and pictures every half minute will be discontinued early in 1959, and no further commitments can be made in this regard.

z.

Radio Noise from the Sun (DRB)

3.

Continuous recordings at Ottawa on 30, 50, 90 and 500 mc/s of outstanding noise events will be carried out by the Defence Research Board. Records will be available for study at the Radio Physics Laboratory, and comment on specific events available on request. Radio Noise from the Sun (David Dunlap Observatory)

The David Dunlap Observatory at Richmond Hill (near Toronto) will make daily absolute flux measurements, at a frequency of 320 me/ s, of the solar emission. Observations of bursts will be incidental to this program. These data will not be available on a daily basis but the information will be provided on request.

4. Radio Noise from the Sun (NRC)

The Radio and Electrical Engineering Divis i on of the National Research Council will make daily observations at Ottawa of the solar flux at a frequency of 2,800 mc/s and of bursts from sunrise to sunset. These will be forwarded readily to the Regional Warning Agency at Fort Belvoir via the Department of Transport ' s Ionosphere Station at Shirley Bay, as in the past. This Division will also make daily strip scans of the sun

with resolutions of 4 , 2 and 1 minute of arcp at a frequency of 2,800 mc/s. This information for selected days can be forwarded to any establishment that request it.

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13

-VII. COSMIC RAYS

Cosmic ray measurements will be continued at some of the Canadian stations and data can be sent to W. D . C . 1_{s according to the I. G . Y. plan during}

1959

from the following stations : Stations Geographical Lat. Long. Operated by for Equipment ON

ow

Deep River ~ Ont.

46.1

77.5

NRG NRG Neutron Monitor and

Pulse Ionization Chamber . Ottawa g Ont.

45. 4

75.8

Cubical Telescope Sulphur Mountain,

51. 1 115. 6

Alta . Cubical Telescope

The neutron monitor and cubical telescopes at the following stations will be kept in operation but largely for the purpose of watching for unusual phenomena . No listings of data will be distributed .

Stations Geographical Operated Lat. Long. by for

0 0

N

w

Churchill, Man.

58.8

94.2

NRG NRG Resolute, N.W.T.

74.7

94.9

NRG NRG

The weekly preliminary listings of the barome t er c orrected neutron intensity will be continued from t h e Deep River station.

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15

-VIII. LATITUDES AND LONGITUDES

The Canadi.p.n program in this discipline during the I. G. Y. was limited to problems relating to time measurements and positional

astronomy. As such, they represented an expansion of the normal work of the positional astronomy branch of our Dominion Observatory .

Meridian circle measurements for the improvement of stellar catalogues will be continued.

Reports on time and longitude from special measurements with the Cook Transit which are sent to BIH Paris will be discontinued December 31, 1958.

P.

z.

T. , time, latitude and longitude reports which are sent to BIH Paris and !LS Turin, will be continued indefinitely.

The Markowitz Moon Camera time and geodesy measurements will be continued indefinitely. The records are sent to Washington, D . C .

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17

-IX. GLACIOLOGY

A glaciological research program is being developed slowly in Canada quite independently of the I. G . Y. Present plans include the continuation of the station at Hazen Lake during 1959. The work will include micro-meteorological measurements near the snout of Gilman Glacier and a limited program of work on the Gilman Glacier. Reports will be forwarded to appropriate W . D. C. ' s.

Further work of a long term nature on other glaciers is not yet planned at the time of writing.

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19

-X.

OCEANOGRAPHY

The 1959 oceanography program will be that which we have and will be carried out on a long term basis.

Sea level recording will be carr i ed out at the stations listed in our I. G . Y. plans except Brevoort Island where difficulty has been experienced in operating.

The polar front survey will be generally continued. Observations from weather ships will be continued.

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21

-XI. ROCKETS AND SATELLITES

The Canadian activities in this field were largely confined to providing facilities at Fort Churchill to the United States I. G. Y. Rocket Program. Our contribution other than that consisted of assistance in meteorology and aurora measurements. Plans for the continuation of a rocket program at Churchill are still not mature. The supporting facilities can still be made available.

Visual and photographic observations of artificial earth satellites are being taken and reported to World Data Centres at Moscow, Washington and in England. A special committee was set up to coordinate these observations and since it is expected that data on future satellites will be desirable it is proposed that this organization be maintained.

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23

-XII. SEISMOLOGY

Most of the Canadian seismological stations are maintained by the Dominion Observatories Branch of the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys. In addition to these , a three- component Benioff installation is operated by Jean de Brebeuf College in Montreal , and an amateur station is maintained by Edward Mantle at 454 King William Street , Hamilton, Ontario . The complete list of stations is as follows :

Stations Alberni, B. C . Banff, Alta. Halifax , N. S. Hamilton , Ont.

*

Horseshoe Bay , B. C . Lillooet , B. C. Montreal , Que. Ottawa , Ont. Resolute , N. W. T. Saskatoon, Sask. Seven Falls, Que. Shawinigan Falls, Que . Victoria , B. C. Geograehical Lat. Lon~. 0 0 N

w

49.3 124. 8 51. 2 11 5. 5 44.6 63.6 43.2 79.8 49.4 123.3 50.7 121. 9 45.5 73.6 45.4 75.8 74.7 94.9 52. l 106. 6 47 .1 70.8 46.6 72.8 48.5 123.4 Operated

ｾ＠

for

Dom. Obs . Dom. Ban££ School of Fine Arts II Dalhousie University II Mr . E. Mantle II Dom. Obs. II Dom . Obs. II Jean de Brebeuf II College Dom. Obs. II Dom. Obs. II Univ. of Sask. II Queb ec Power Co. II Shawinigan Water

_"

and Power Co.

Dom. Obs. II

*

During 1959 it is expected that Hors eshoe Bay will be transferred to a site near Penticton.

Obs. II II II II II II II II II II II II

The records from all the Observatory stations are sent to Ottawa or Vic tor i a for final reading and the results are published in Quarterly Bulletins. Prelimi nary readings from Ottawa, Resolute and Victoria , are telegraphed · each day to the U . S. Coast and Geodetic Survey in Washington.

In view of the close internati onal cooperati on which is normal in se i smology, relatively little e xtra work was unde rtaken for the I. G. Y. Howeve r , a set of special long-period s eism o graphs and a magnetic recorder wer e s e t up at Resolute on behalf of or g anizations in the United States. In addi tion, a circular describing the preliminary readings at

Ottawa and R e solute is circulated to the World Data Centre s and , by request , to other organizations . Microseism readings for Halifax , Vic toria, Ottawa , and Resolute,are being included in the bulletins.

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24

-We are prepared to continue the operation of the I. G. Y. equipment and the special data circulars throughout 1959. We do not feel that the full burden of microseism readings can be carried for another year , but we will continue the basic schedule (i.e. six-hourly readings with no extra readings during storms or international periods) at Ottawa , Resolute and Victoria.

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25

-XIII. GRAVITY

Canada1_{s I. G. Y. Gravity Program is to be continued during 1959}

only to the extent of bringing to completion the various projects outlined in the general program by the Canadian committee, May 1957 . The program of pendulum measurements, which has only partially been completed, will receive considerabl e attention with the observations carried out at the following stations:

Stations

Fairbanks, Alaska Fort Chirno, Que. Frobisher, N. W. T. Gander , Nfld.

Knob Lake , Que. Mexico City , Mexico. Seven Islands, Que. Teddington, England. Geographical Lat. Long. oN oW

64.8

58.1

63.8

49.0

54.8

19. 3

50.2

51. 4 147.8

68.5

55.7

66.8

99.1

66.3

• 3

The results of this work will be made available through the International Gravimetric Bureau of the International Association of Geodesy and by publication.

Recording of the tidal variation in gravity at the Ottawa and Meanook observatories is to be discontinued on January 31, 1959. Scaling of the

records and the reduction of data to gravity units will require several months 1

work after which the final results will b~ forwarded to the International Commission for the Study of Earth Tides, Brussels.

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27

-XIV. NUCLEAR RADIATIO N

The Canadian I. G. Y. Program consisted of the measurement of airborne radioactive particles at fourteen stations distributed ov er

Canadian territory. This has been done by collecting sample s by drawing air at ground levels through appropriate filters . The program, as carried out at present, will be continued until Apr il 1, 1959, and the data d i stribute d to W. D. C. 1_{s . It is planned that this program will be continued for an}

indefinite period but w i th some change in its organization. The present program has been carried out by the X-Rays and Nuclear Radiations

Laboratory of the National Research Council of Canada. The program after April 1, 1959, will be the responsibility of the Department of National

Health and Welfare. The number of stations may be increased and some modifications in collecting techniques may be carried out. The data will be av ailable for distribution.

The present list of stations is as follows : Stati ons Aklavik, N. W. T. Churchill, Man. Goose Bay , Nfld. Halifax, N. S. Moosonee, Ont. Ottawa, Ont. Resolute , N. W. T. Saskatoon , Sask. St. John' s , Nfld.

Sulphur Mountain, Alta. Victoria, B . C. Whitehorse , Yukon Winnipeg, Man. Yellowknife , N. W. T. Geographical Lat, Long. ON

ow

68.2 58.8 53.3 44 ..

6

51. 3 45.4 74.7 52.1 47.6 51.1 48 . 5 60.7 49.9 62.4 149 . 9 94.2 60.4 63.6 80.7 75.8 94.9 106. 6 52.7 11 5.

6

123. 4 135.1 97.4 114. 4 Op erated DOT-MET DRB RCAF DOT- TELE DOT- MET NRG NRG Univ. of Sask. DOT - MET NRG Dom. Astrophys. Obs. DOT-MET Univ. of Man. DOT - MET NRG NRG NRG NRG NRG NRG NRG NRG NRG NRG NRG NRG NRG NRG

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29

-XV. METEOR STUDIES

In the Canadian program we have separated Meteor Studies from the other disciplines and have given it the number XV.

The special I. G. Y. meteor radar at Ottawa will be continued in operation throughout 1959. The correlated visual program will be continued on a reduced scale.

Meteor radar counts will be available from Resolute and Baker Lake auroral radars until April 15 P 1959 P and from the Ottawa and Saskatoon radars throughout 1959 .

(The intensive photographic program of meteor studies at Meanook and Newbrook, Alberta , is being continued by the Dominion Observatory but this program was in operation long before I. G. Y. and is not really considered part of I. G. Y. or I. G. C. 1959).