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I NDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND REGIONAL INTEGRATION ORGANIZATIONS

Rethinking the sustainability of Natural Resources, Biodiversity and Ecosystem services

Call for papers - Book

Deadline for submitting an abstract: October 30, 2014

ORGANIZED BY

Interdisciplinary thematic Network BIODISCEE Biodiversity, Law and Ecosystem services National Centre of Scientific Research (CNRS) – Institut of Ecology and Environment

The Rennes Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence Western Institut of Law and Europe UMR 6262 CNRS

University of Ottawa, Faculty of Law

Research Program of Rennes University and Quebec University Montreal (UQUAM) on Regional Integration Organizations in the world : the reconfiguration of transatlantic relations -

France-Canada Research Fund Funds FCRF Sponsored by :

IUCN Academy of Environmental Law The French Society of Environmental Law

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2 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND REGIONAL INTEGRATION ORGANIZATIONS

Rethinking the sustainability of Natural Resources, Biodiversity and Ecosystem services

This book will follow an international conference taking place in Rennes (France), November 27-28, 2014, which will gather specialists from Europe, the Americas, Asia, and Africa on issues related to indigenous peoples and regional integration organizations. The conference and the book are directed by Nathalie Hervé- Fournereau (Research Director CNRS of the Western Institut Law and Europe (1), University of Rennes) and Sophie Thériault (Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, University of Ottawa (2) with the support of the IUCN Academy of Environmental Law (3) and the french society for environmental law (4). The conference and the book are part of a larger research and networking project conducted by the Interdisciplinary thematic Network BIODISCEE (5) of the CNRS INEE, with the support of the Centre d’Excellence Jean Monnet of Rennes (6) and the Franco-Canadian research program on Regional Integration Organizations in the world.

The book seeks to analyze and compare the legal status of indigenous peoples in regional integration organizations (7), with a particular focus on natural resources, biodiversity and ecosystem services. Using an interdisciplinary approach, it will contribute to knowledge on issues related to the sustainable protection and management of natural resources, fair and equitable access and benefit-sharing from the utilization of biodiversity and ecosystem services, the protection of traditional knowledge and its relationships with Western scientific knowledge, and more generally the recognition and protection of indigenous peoples’ rights in regional integration organizations. While the recognition and protection of indigenous peoples’ rights at the international level, as well as in many national jurisdictions, have been subject to considerable attention from researchers, the state of knowledge on the protection of the rights of indigenous peoples at the regional level is still rudimentary.

The United Nations’ World Conference on Indigenous Peoples, which will take place in September 2014, provides us the incentive to analyze and compare the potential and actual contributions of regional organizations in protecting indigenous peoples’ rights, especially with regard to territories, lands and natural resources, biodiversity, and ecosystem services.

1 http://www.iode.univ-rennes1.fr 2 http://www.uottawa.ca/fr 3 http://www.iucnael.org 4 http://www.sfde.org

5 http://biodiscee.univ-rennes1.fr 6 http://cejm.univ-rennes.eu

7 E.G. European Union; Organization of American States; NAFTA; African Union; ECOWAS; ASEAN.

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3 Several recent events testify to the relevance of understanding more deeply the complex relationships between indigenous peoples and regional organizations, including the lawsuit brought by the Inuit before the European Court of Justice demanding the abrogation of the European regulation 2009/1007/EU pertaining to the trade in seal products and by-products; the debates and controversies regarding natural resources extraction projects that are thwarting partnership agreements, for instance between the European Union and Canada; and the multiplication of petitions brought by indigenous and tribal peoples before the Inter-American Human Rights Institutions in matters pertaining to the exploitation of natural resources on indigenous peoples’ ancestral lands.

We are currently seeking proposals on the following 3 themes for our book project:

1) The Recognition and Protection of Indigenous Peoples’ Rights and Normative Systems in Regional Integration Organizations

- The rights and responsibilities of indigenous peoples in regional integration organizations;

- The recognition of indigenous normative systems in regional integration organizations;

- Strategies for the mobilization of regional legal instruments and institutions for defending indigenous peoples’ rights;

- The participation of indigenous peoples in regional integration organizations.

2) Regional integration Organizations, Indigenous Peoples’ Sovereignty over their Lands, Resources and Knowledge, and the Protection of Indigenous Natural and Cultural Heritage

- Indigenous peoples’ rights and duties related to the governance, the exploitation, and the protection of natural resources and biodiversity;

- The legal protection and recognition of indigenous knowledge and normative systems pertaining to land and natural resources;

- Benefit-sharing from the use of biodiversity and indigenous knowledge;

- Free, prior and informed consent, consultation, and environmental impact assessment with regard to economic development projects on indigenous lands;

- Compensations for the use of ecological services on indigenous lands.

3) Regional integration Organizations and Trade and Investment Agreements: Sustainability for Indigenous Peoples?

- What are the impacts of regional trade and investment agreements on indigenous peoples’ rights and sustainable development?

Nagoya précise que l’interprétation de ces dispositions ne pourra contribuer à la « diminution ou l’extinction de

droits que les Communautés autochtones et locales ».

Depuis 1997, la question des populations autochtones s’est diffusée dans l’agenda des relations extérieures des Etats et de leurs intégrations régionales. Pour ce faire, différents instruments de partenariat sont progressivement mobilisés. Deux priorités majeures pour les peuples autochtones ont été identifiées par l’Union européenne : l’environnement et le racisme. Les problématiques d’accès à la terre, à leurs territoires ancestraux, aux ressources naturelles sont centrales. Elles justifient la mise en place de mécanismes de consentement préalable, éclairé et libre, l’évaluation des incidences des projets et programmes financés par l’UE et les autres bailleurs de fonds sur les droits des populations autochtones (Déclaration ONU 2007).

La conférence mondiale sur les peuples autochtones en septembre 2014 à l’ONU est l’occasion d’apprécier de manière approfondie la contribution des intégrations régionales et de leurs Etats membres en faveur du respect des droits conférés à plus de 300 millions de personnes réparties dans plus de 70 pays. L’Union européenne a affirmé sa détermination de participer activement à cette conférence en soulignant son appui en faveur du développement des régions de l’Arctique dont l’on devine les perspectives économiques stratégiques de cet espace. Les enjeux sont donc extrêmement complexes à la croisée de la préservation de l’environnement, des droits des peuples autochtones et de l’exploitation commerciale des ressources naturelles (biodiversité, bio-piraterie et commerce illicite de ressources naturelles, accaparement des terres, dette écologique, accès à l’eau et barrages hydrauliques, ressources minérales et énergétiques gaz de

schiste – extraction minière, changement climatique).

Une analyse comparée du rôle des intégrations régionales en faveur du respect des droits des peuples et communautés autochtones apparaît hautement opportune. En effet, si de nombreuses analyses sur les peuples autochtones dans tel ou tel pays existent, l’appréciation croisée de la contribution des différentes organisations d’intégrations régionales comme l’Union européenne ne fait pas l’objet d’études approfondies (de la conception des politiques à leur mise en œuvre, le respect des droits des peuples autochtones et leur

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- Should States guarantee indigenous peoples’ rights and the imperatives of sustainable development in multilateral trade and investment agreements? If so, how and to what extent?

- What are the impacts of multilateral trade and investment agreements on indigenous peoples’ rights, especially with regard to consultation and their rights to land and natural resources?

- To what extent do the rules pertaining to intellectual property in regional agreements protect (or undermine) indigenous peoples’ knowledge?

- Corporate social responsibility for multinational corporations with regard to the respect and protection of indigenous peoples’ rights, benefit-sharing, and compensation for environmental and social damages?

Please submit your proposals (about 500 words) and keywords (a maximum of 5), indicating your name and affiliation by October 30, 2014, to:

[email protected]; [email protected]

respect des droits conférés à plus de 300 millions de personnes réparties dans plus de 70 pays. L’Union européenne a affirmé sa détermination de participer activement à cette conférence en soulignant son appui en faveur du développement des régions de l’Arctique dont l’on devine les perspectives économiques stratégiques de cet espace. Les enjeux sont donc extrêmement complexes à la croisée de la préservation de l’environnement, des droits des peuples autochtones et de l’exploitation commerciale des ressources naturelles (biodiversité, bio-piraterie et commerce illicite de ressources naturelles, accaparement des terres, dette écologique, accès à l’eau et barrages hydrauliques, ressources minérales et énergétiques gaz de schiste – extraction minière, changement climatique).

Une analyse comparée du rôle des intégrations régionales en faveur du respect des droits des peuples et communautés autochtones apparaît hautement opportune. En effet, si de nombreuses analyses sur les peuples autochtones dans tel ou tel pays existent, l’appréciation croisée de la contribution des différentes organisations d’intégrations régionales comme l’Union européenne ne fait pas l’objet d’études approfondies (de la conception des politiques à leur mise en œuvre, le respect des droits des peuples autochtones et leur

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