Investigating the role of the meadow spittlebug (Philaenus spumarius) and its major host plant (Cistus monspeliensis) in the spread of Xylella fastidiosa in Corsica

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Investigating the role of the meadow spittlebug

(Philaenus spumarius) and its major host plant (Cistus

monspeliensis) in the spread of Xylella fastidiosa in

Corsica

Marguerite Chartois, I. Quiquerez, Xavier Mesmin, S. Borgomano, François

Casabianca, Pauline Farigoule, Anne-Alicia Gonzalez, L. Hugo, Eric Pierre,

Jean-Claude Streito, et al.

To cite this version:

Marguerite Chartois, I. Quiquerez, Xavier Mesmin, S. Borgomano, François Casabianca, et al.. In-vestigating the role of the meadow spittlebug (Philaenus spumarius) and its major host plant (Cistus monspeliensis) in the spread of Xylella fastidiosa in Corsica. 2. European conference on Xylella fastidiosa: how research can support solutions, Oct 2019, Ajaccio, France. 2019. �hal-02790433�

Data collected on each plot,

3 times/year in 2018-2020

Visual counting of foams or

sweep netting of adults

P. spumarius Survey

Sampling in the plot vicinity to

assess Xf prevalence, Xf strain,

and diet.

P. spumarius Sampling

•

Meteo France modelled data

•

Humidity-Temperature

sensors on 32 plots

Climate Data

Using Philaenus spumarius (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae)

as a sentinel insect, we recently demonstrated that

Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) was widely distributed throughout

Corsica (Cruaud et al., 2018). During this survey,

P. spumarius appeared to be the most abundant vector

and field observations revealed that it mostly developed

and fed on Cistus monspeliensis. We designed a

large-scale survey to investigate the role of P. spumarius and

C.

monspeliensis, mostly asymptomatic,

in the dynamics

of Xf in Corsica (Fig.1).

Introduction

Materials & Methods

Fig.2

Network of plots

Network of 64 experimental plots of

500m² each (Fig.2) with :

1. A density gradient in C. monspeliensis

2. Diverse environmental

and climatic

conditions with :

a) An altitudinal gradient

ranging from 0 to 600m

a) A diversity of vegetation

types ranging from

shrubland, Cistus vegetation,

low and high Maquis, to forest

•

Botanical inventory

•

_{% vegetation cover of alive}

C. monspeliensis and dead vegetation

•

C. monspeliensis turgidity

Vegetation Survey

Evaluation of symptoms intensity on

Olea europaea, Quercus ilex,

Myrtus communis, Arbutus unedo and

global vegetation

Xf Symptoms Survey

Results and Discussion

The survey will continue until 2020.

Molecular detection of X. fastidiosa in

P. spumarius and diet analysis will

complement our understanding of the

interaction

network

involving

vectors,

bacteria and plants [work in progress]. Then,

we will be able to compare the abundance of

insects carrying Xf and the frequency and

intensity of symptoms in infected plants on

several consecutive years.

●

P. spumarius abundance increased in cool and humid habitats (Fig.3a), plants were more

frequently symptomatic in hot and dry habitats(Fig.3b).

●

Olea europaea and A. unedo expressed fewer symptoms than M. communis and Q. ilex (Fig.3c).

●

Symptoms were particularly intense in the spring 2018 probably due to unusual drought in 2017.

●

There was no significant correlation between P. spumarius abundance in season n-1 and

frequency of symptomatic plants in season n.

●

P. spumarius abundance increased with C. monspeliensis density.

First results suggest that :

Investigating the role of the meadow spittlebug (Philaenus spumarius) and its major

host plant (Cistus monspeliensis) in the spread of Xylella fastidiosa in Corsica

Marguerite Chartois

1

_{, Ileana Quiquerez}

2

_{, Xavier Mesmin}

3

_{, Sabrina Borgomano}

2

_{, François Casabianca}

4

_{, Pauline Farigoule}

1

_{, Anne-Alicia Gonzalez}

1,3

_{, Laetitia Hugot}

2

_{, Eric Pierre}

1

_,

Jean-Claude Streito

1

_{, Jean-Marc Thuillier}

1

_{, Jean-Pierre Rossi}

1

_{, Jean-Yves Rasplus}

1

_{& Astrid Cruaud}

1

1

_{CBGP, INRA, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ. Montpellier, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France (}

_{marguerite.chartois@inra.fr}

_{) ;}

2

_{CBNC, OEC, Corte, France ;}

3

_{AGAP, INRA, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro,}

Univ. de Montpellier, San Giuliano, France ;

4

_{LRDE, INRA, Corte, France}

Cruaud, A., Gonzalez, A.A., Godefroid, M., Nidelet, S., Streito, J.C., Thuillier, J.M., Rossi, J.P.,

Santoni, S. and Rasplus, J.Y., 2018. Using insects to detect, monitor and predict the

distribution of Xylella fastidiosa: a case study in Corsica. Scientific reports, 8(1), p.15628

Reference cited

To know more about our team work…

Rasplus J-Y et al.,

Reconstruction of the plant-vector trophic networks involved in the

spread of Xylella fastidiosa through hybrid capture.

[Talk]

[Talk]

Streito J-C et al.,

A barcode database to identify the vectors of Xylella fastidiosa in

Europe.

[Poster]

Mesmin X et al

., Ooctonus vulgatus (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae), a potential biocontrol

agent to reduce the populations of Philaenus spumarius (Hemiptera,

Aphrophoridae) in Europe.

Fig.1

Schematic propagation of Xylella fastidiosa in the environment by

P. spumarius & research questions

acquisition of Xf by feeding

on infected plants

transmission of Xf to

healthy plants

expression of symptoms

Does P. spumarius abundance

and Xf prevalence in vector

populations impact symptoms

development ?

Does C. monspeliensis density

impact P. spumarius abundance

and Xf prevalence in vector

populations ?

Does P. spumarius

population density

depend on climatic

conditions ?

Do climatic conditions

impact development of

symptoms ?

What plant species

show the most severe

symptoms ?

if favourable climatic

conditions for Xf

1

₂

3

5

₄

Fig.3

First results on data from spring 2018 to summer 2019

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Hot and dry

Cold and dry

Cold and moist

Pr

op

or

tio

n

of

p

la

nt

s

sh

ow

in

g

sy

m

pto

m

s

a

b

b

Myrtus

communis

Quercus

ilex

Arbutus

unedo

europaea

Olea

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Pr

op

or

tio

n

of

p

la

nt

s

sh

ow

in

g

sy

m

pto

m

s

a

a

b

b

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Hot and dry

Cold and dry

Cold and moist

Abundanc

e

of

P.

s

pu

m

ar

iu

s

a

ab

b

P. spumarius abundance variation along a

gradient of habitat moisture and temperature

Fig.3a

Fig.3b

Symptoms expression along a gradient of

_{habitat moisture and temperature}

Fig.3c

Symptoms expression among plant species

Hot and dry

Cold and dry

Cold and moist

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41.5

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42.5

43.0

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Typologie Climatique

simplifiée − 2018