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Nonlinear dynamics induced by optical injection with a frequency comb
Y Doumbia, T Malica, D Wolfersberger, K Panajotov, M Sciamanna
To cite this version:
Y Doumbia, T Malica, D Wolfersberger, K Panajotov, M Sciamanna. Nonlinear dynamics induced by optical injection with a frequency comb. European Semiconductor Laser Workshop (ESLW 2020), Dec 2020, Eindhoven, Netherlands. �hal-03206281�
Nonlinear dynamics induced by optical injection with a frequency comb.
Y. Doumbia,1,2*, T. Malica1,2, D. Wolfersberger1,2, K. Panajotov3,4 and M. Sciamanna1,2
1Chaire Photonique, LMOPS, CentraleSupélec, 2 Rue Edouard Belin 57070 Metz, France
2 Université de Lorraine, LMOPS, 2 Rue Edouard Belin 57070 Metz, France
3 Brussels Photonics Group (B-PHOT), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
4 Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
*yaya.doumbia@centralesupelec.fr
Abstract: In this work we analyze experimentally and theoretically the nonlinear dynamics of a semiconductor laser injected with an optical frequency comb. By varying power, detuning and other properties of the injected comb, we observe several different dynamics, including time- periodic dynamics that is a new frequency comb, selective amplification, and complex dynamics. The properties of the new frequency comb can be tailored with the injection parameters. This nonlinear dynamic can find applications in the field of demultiplexing of an optical frequency comb in flexible optical networks.
1 Introduction
Semiconductor lasers are extensively used in scientific fields such as biology, chemistry, and medicine. A lot of research has been devoted to the improvement of the laser properties to extend its applications. One of important field of research is the locking of the intrinsic oscillation frequency of a laser by an external oscillator. The competition between the intrinsic oscillation frequency and the external frequency can lead to several dynamics, including optical injection locking, periodic dynamics, and chaos. These rich and complex waveforms can find applications in several field such as optical communication [1] and physical security based on optical chaos [2].
Recently the injection of a single-mode laser with a periodic signal (frequency comb) has attracted much attention [3-6]. Furthermore, the nonlinear dynamics of a single mode diode laser with a frequency comb is not widely known.
In this work, we will do an in-depth analysis of a single-mode semiconductor laser optically injected with an asymmetric frequency comb by varying the injection parameters and the initial comb properties. We observe a time-periodic dynamic which correspond to a new frequency comb with the same repetition rate as the injected comb. The number of resulting comb lines can be tailored with the injection parameters and the comb properties.
2. Model description, experimental setup
Figure 1(a) shows the experimental setup for the optical injection with a frequency comb. The output of a continuous-wave (CW) tunable laser (Yanista Tunics T100S) is first amplified Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA)
Figure 1: (a) Setup for optical frequency comb injection. TL: Tunable Laser, EDFA: amplifier, P.C: Polarization Controller, AWG: Arbitrary Waveform Generator, MZM: Mach-Zehnder Modulator, VOA: Variable Optical Attenuator, BOSA: Optical Spectrum Analyzer, PD: photodiode, OSC: Oscilloscope. (b) optical spectrum of the injected comb.
An electric signal modulation is generated by an Arbitrary Waveform Generator (AWG) (Tektronix AWG 700002A) and sent to the RF port of a Mach-Zehnder (MZ) Modulator. The polarization controllers (P.C) allows to align the laser polarization with the input of the MZ modulator and to control the polarization of the injected light. Optical comb with 3 optical frequency lines is generated in the output of the MZ modulator. The comb’s optical power is controlled using a variable optical attenuator (VOA). The injected laser is a Distributed feedback (DFB) laser emitting at ∼1549.7 nm. The fiber circulator is arranged to provide isolation for the injected laser.
The injected laser dynamics is analyzed with a high-resolution optical spectrum analyzer BOSA 400. The temporal output is measured with a real-time digital oscilloscope (OSC). A photodiode (PD) is placed at the input of the oscilloscope to convert optical signal to an electrical signal. Figure 1(b) shows the optical spectrum of the injected comb. This figure is obtained for a fixed comb spacing Ω=5 GHz. The difference between the power of the central comb line and the sides comb lines is around 12 dB.
3. Results and discussion
Figure 2 shows experimental optical spectra of a single mode semiconductor laser under frequency comb injection for fixed comb spacing to Ω=2GHz, and injection strength of k=0.36. These figures are obtained for detunings of Δν=-7.4 GHz (a) and Δν =-10.3 GHz (b). When varying the detuning frequency, the laser output display a time- periodic dynamic corresponding to a new frequency comb with the same comb spacing as the injected comb.
Several new frequency comb regions are observed in the plane if injection parameters. The new combs in Fig.2(a) and 2(b) are obtained in different region for larger detuning frequency corresponding to several times the injected comb spacing. The number of output comb lines increases with the injection strength and when varying the detuning frequency from positive to negative value. The new frequency comb regions far from injection locking region have a larger number of output comb lines.
Figure 2: Optical spectra of unlock time-periodic dynamics for fixed comb spacing to Ω=2GHz and injection strength to k=0.36. (a) and (b) are obtained for detuning of Δν=-7.4 GHz and Δν=-10.3 GHz, respectively.
4. Conclusion
In conclusion, we have demonstrated experimentally the nonlinear dynamics of a single mode semiconductor laser under frequency comb injection. The injected laser output shows several dynamics including selective amplification (not show) and an unlocked time-periodic dynamic corresponding to a new frequency comb. The number of comb lines increase with the injection parameters.
5. References
[1] L.-C. Lin, S.-H. Liu, and F.-Y. Lin, “Stability of period-one (P1) oscillations generated by semiconductor lasers subject to optical injection or optical feedback” Optics Express vol. 25, no. 21, pp. 25523-25532 (2017).
[2] R. Sakuraba, K. Iwakawa, K. Kanno, and A. Uchida, "Tb/s physical random bit generation with bandwidth-enhanced chaos in three-cascaded semiconductor lasers." Optics Express vol.23, no.2, pp.1470-1490 (2015).
[3] Y. Doumbia, T. Malica, D. Wolfersberger, K. Panajotov, and M. Sciamanna, “Optical injection dynamics of frequency combs,” Optics Letters vol.45 no. 2, pp. 435–438 (2020).
[4] Y. Doumbia, T. Malica, D. Wolfersberger, K. Panajotov, and M. Sciamanna, “Nonlinear dynamics of a laser diode with an injection of an optical frequency comb,” Optics Express vol.28,
no. 21, pp. 30379-30390
[5] A. Gavrielides, “Comb injection and sidebands suppression,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. Vol.50, no.5, pp.364–371 (2014).
[6] K. Shortiss, B. Lingnau, F. Dubois, B. Kelleher, and F. H. Peters, “Harmonic frequency locking and tuning of comb frequency spacing through optical injection,” Optics. Express vol.27 no.25, 36976–36989 (2019).
