ةيبعشلا ةيطارقيمدلا ةيرئاسلجا ةيروهملجا
يملعلا ثحبلاو يلاعلا ميلعتلا ةرازو
يروتهم ةعماج
-ةهيطهسق
-
ةيعامتجلإاو ةيناسنلإا مولعلا ةيلك
اينوفوطرلأاو ةيوبترلا مولعلاو سفهلا ملع مسق
ليجستلا مقر ...: يلسلستلا مقرلا ...: 01 07 2009-I V VII VIII 01 1 -06 2 -10 2 -1 10 2 -2 10 3 -11 4 -12 5 -13
6 -3 38 44 1 46 2 52 3 -55 4 63 5 70 6 77 7 82 8 85 9 -90 10 94 99 107 1 108 1 -1 108
1 -3 116 2 122 2 -1 122 2 -2 127 2 -3 130 2 -4 136 3 139 143 151 1 152 2 152 3 -157 4 162
6 173 178 1 179 1 -1 -179 1 -2 -189 1 -3 -204 1 -4 -215 2 218 220 222 225 229
01 62 02 97 03 154 04 155 05 157 06 158 07 159 08 160 09 161 10 163 11 163 12 164 13 165 14 170 15 MLQ 171 16 179 17 184
22 189 23 190 24 191 25 192 26 193 27 194 28 195 29 197 30 199 31 200 32 201 33 202 34 204 35 205 36 207 37 209 38 211 39 213
01 54
02
Full Range Leadership Model (FRL) 57 03 60 04 21 87 05 88 06 180 07 182 08 184 09 185 10 186 11 188 12 196 13 203 14 219
01 02 03 MLQ FRL 04 05 06
.
Bass & Hater,1998
( (Bass & Riggio,2006 :3
1999 147 ( . .(Geijsel et al , 2003 :228 )
,
2
2
1
2
2
.3
2006 187
1996 63
. 4 1 2 3 4
5 5 1 1996 1996 1996 63
2001 7 5 3 1988 271 1996 11 12
6 1 6 1 1 1999 1999 269
6 1
1992
Bass and Avolio
(1986)
6 1
2002
6 1
( )
6 1
6 1
6 1 7 2006
72 100
MLQ
1995 bass & Avolio , OCAQ
Organizational
Culture Assessment Questionnaire Sashkin, 1990 44 20 24 2006 6 1
6 1
α ≤
6 2
(LeBrasseur
Whissell, & Ojha, 2002; Seltzer & Bass, 1990) ،
(Elenkov, 2002) 2002)
(Jung & Sosik ،
(Singer, 1985) .
(Bass Avolio,, Jung, & Berson,
2003; Masi & Cooke, 2000) (Hater & Bass, 1988;
Yammarino & Dubinsky, 1994) (Wofford,
Whittington, & Goodwin, 2001) ،
(Harvey, Royal, &
Stout, 2003; Tucker, Bass, & Daniel, 1990) ،
(Charbonneau, Barling, & Kelloway, 2001) ،
(Walters, 1998) ( .
(Bass & Riggio ,2006 : p48
6 2 1 Masi and Cooke
2000
2000
Masi & Cooke
(MLQ) 1992 Bass & Avolio .
6 2 Arnold & al
2001
2002
Felfe and Schyns
MLQ Bass &
Avolio
Felfe and Goihl (1995)
(1994)
Felfe &
6 2 Politis 2002 Politis MLQ 1985 Bass 1994 Mykytyn & al
6 2 Jung & al
6 2 Brown,D & L. Keeping
2005
Brown Keeping
2005
6 2 Schaubroek & al
Thompson.N citizenship (Avolio & Bass, 2004) ( CSES ) Core Self-Evaluation scale
(Judge et al., 2003) (McAllister, 1995) ( MOAQ ) Michigan
Organizational Assessment Questionnaire Beehr et al. (2006)
( Full- time )
Masi and Cooke
2000
Arnold & al schaubroek & al
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
( 1978 ) Burns 2004 2008 Bass Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire(MLQ) 1985 1990 Inspirational Motivation 1993
Transactional leadership 2006 212 MLQ Bass 1985 70 Bass 2006 212
1
Transformational leadership (TF)
Burns
1421
1995
1996
Burns
1421 15
1985
Bass ,1985 :
17
Bass
Bass, 1990 :20
Bass and Avolio
Colvin (Colvin ,1999:1) Conger Conger,2002 47) Fairholm Fairholm,1995:65)
Tichy & Devanna, 1990:
(Gustafson,2001 :2)
Bennis (2001)
(Bennis,2001:13)
21
Bass &
Avolio et al, 1991 : Aminuddin, 1998 :170 2006 2006 67 2006 41
2006 70
1966 Weber
Homans
1964
Hollander Katz and Kahn (1958)
1977 House 1982 Bennis 1977 Zaleznik Hater & Bass,1988 :695- 702
Conger and Kanungo,1987 Kuhnert and Lewis,1987 Keller, 1992 : Burns Bass (1985) Contingent Reward
Management by Exception
Nandal & Krishnan, 2000 :
Bass,1999 Transactional leadership (TA)
Bensimon, 1989 :
Laisser-faire
Full Range Leadership Model
،
Bass & Avolio :
Hater and Bass,1988 : . Avolio et al,1991 : . Bass and Avolio, 1993 :49
Geijsel et al, 2003 : .
Epitropaki, 2001 :
Stone et
4 Bass & Avolio(1994)
“
(Bass & Avolio,1994:3)
.
Four I's
( I )
73:2003 Subfactors IA (Idealized Attributs) IC (Idealized Behavior) (
(Bass & Riggio ,2006 : 06 .
IM
74 2003
1
2
5 6 1422 13 14 (
(Metcalfe & Metcalfe ,2001 : 12) 01 1 Contingent Reward(CR) 2 Management-by-exception Active(MBEa) :
3 Management-by-exception passive(MBEp) ( Bass, 1990: 21 .) (four I’s)
Kuhnert and lewis
Bass
Kohlberg's (1973)
Avolio,1994 :
Burns (1978
Giampetro et
al,1998
Parry and Thomson , 2002 :pp75-76 Bass,1997
Keeley,1995
Ciulla (1995
and posner
Smith and Torbert,
1995
Bass,1997 :
. Bass,1997
Pseudo Transformational
Avolio and Howell (1992)
Burns (1978) Bass
Bass,
1997 :
Green et al,2003 :
8
1
Feenan,2004 : .
Bass,1999 : . Turner & Barling , Campbell et al, 2003 :29-31
97 -96
Parry and Thomson,
1 2 3 4 5 6 2004 33
Tichy & Devanna (1990)
1421 76
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2
Inspire a Shard Vision
3
4
5 Encourage the Heart
7
1995 235
– –
8 1993 S.Rhinesmith 132:2001 1 2
4
5
6
1993)
04 21 2008 16 1996 75 79 1
2
3
4
1
2
3
9
2001
1999
Rothwell , 2001:23-32
2001 135
2001 135
yearout & Miles, 2001 :36
3 4 5 6 7 8
(4 I’s) ;
1 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 3
2002 256 performance -Effectiveness -Efficiency . 1 1 : 40
1996 11 1996 12 1999 19 1985 15 1999 1 19 1995 123
1984 87 1973 129 1964 13 1983 133
1984 139 2004 27 Jowett & Rothwell, 1988 : 2 . Haynes 1988 271
( Ketih Davis ) 1416 156 ( Thomas Gilbert ) 1998 3 4 ( Sutermeister )
( Porter & Lawler ) : 1986 33 39 : - : . - : . - : 1989 28
.
1 2
1990 188
2004 42
1 3
2 3 1983 331
2
3
Haynes
1
3 1988 273 1 2 3 4 1979 17
Effeciency Evaluation 2001 178 2 1 1996 295 1993 405
2006 97 1997 249 1996 295 2001 15
1990 76 1973 321 1973 320
1408 172 beach 2001 102 Fieldman&Arnold 2001 102 1993 407
2001 15
2 2
Landy & Farr
1987 14
-1992 381
2006 97
2 3 1 1993 413 2 3 2
1994 318 19936 414 2 3 3 1994 318 1993 416 2 3 4
1981 56 77 2 3 5 10 20 40 20 10 1993 417 418
1993 418 1994 319 2 3 6 1990 1994 320 2 3 7
1994 320 1993 414 1994 320 2 3 8
1994 321
2 4
1994 328
1994 329
330
1994 330
1994 328 333
3
1983 1991987 19
43
2001
Wikstrom & Lazer
10
1995
34
Holley & Feild
1995 35
Zammuto
1997 30 1995 509 1995 509
1 2 3 4 5 5 1 5 2 6
2003 247 1998 186 2 2 1 19 SDE 2 1 1
05 1947 E.G.A 27 1002 28 1969 E.G.A 69 59 E.G.A SONELGAZ 1983 SONELGAZ AMC 1991 SONELGAZ 91 475 (EPIC) 1995 SONELGAZ 95 280 (EPIC) 2002 SONELGAZ S.P.A 2004 SONELGAZ (SPE) (GRTE) (GRTG)
03 12 SDE 19 SDO 17 03 WWW.SONELGAZ.DZ 2006 SDE 19 D.R
1980 1423 20 2002 1 2 306 Cadres Maitrise Exécution 20.58 63 59.48 182 19.94 61 100 306 04 59.48 20.58 19.94
2 2 06 2009 08 2009 10
306 29 277 9.48 29 90.52 277 100 306 05 9.48 90.52
%16,60 46 %61,38 170 %22,02 61 100 277 06 04 06 61.38 % 22,02 % 16,60 %
45,12 125 8,66 24 10,84 30 9,74 27 7.22 20 8,66 24 9,74 27 100 277 07 54.78 45.12 27
16.8 42 61.2 153 22 55 100 250 08 10 04 10 17 10 6
95.23 40 88.23 135 89.09 49 89.6 224 09 95.23 89.09 88.23 4
27
10
10 11 14,81 4 62,96 17 22,22 6 100 27 30 54 01 2 27 02 1 28 03 2 28 04
10 37 01 17 36 02 8 35 03 9 33 04 8 36 05 7 34 06 1 25 07 2 25 08 22 42 09 2 25 10 1 27 11 2 26 12 24 47 13 26 49 14 17 41 15 18 42 16 21 44 17
13 11 12 13 25 54 30 30 51 01 26 50 02 33 54 03 27 49 04 32 50 05 2 25 06
2003 145 2000 95 1 x
4 I’s 04 01 06 11 16 04 02 07 12 17 04 03 08 13 18 04 04 09 14 19 04 05 10 15 20 x 3 20 08 01 05 08 10 13 15 17 20 04 02 06 11 19 04 03 07 12 16 04 04 09 14 18
x 08 13 5 1 2002 85 MLQ (
(Bass & Riggio , 2006 : 21 ، ( 2002 99 ) 06 3
Laushe ( Muchinsky , 1983 : 178 ) 0.90 14
01 06 00 1.00 01 06 00 1.00 02 05 01 0.66 02 05 01 0,66 03 05 01 0.66 03 06 00 1.00 04 05 01 0.66 04 06 00 1.00 05 06 00 1.00 05 06 00 1.00 06 06 00 1.00 06 04 02 0,33 07 06 00 1.00 07 05 01 0,66 08 06 00 1.00 08 06 00 1.00 09 06 00 1.00 09 06 00 1.00 10 06 00 1.00 10 06 00 1.00 11 04 02 0,33 11 05 01 0,66 12 06 00 1.00 12 06 00 1.00 13 05 01 0,66 13 06 00 1.00 14 06 00 1.00 14 06 00 1.00 15 06 00 1.00 15 06 00 1.00 16 06 00 1.00 16 06 00 1.00 17 06 00 1.00 17 06 00 1.00 18 05 01 0.66 18 06 00 1.00 19 06 00 1.00 19 06 00 1.00 20 06 00 1.00 20 06 00 1.00 0.83 0.91 = 0.90 14
2002 86
Test Retest
( (Bass & Riggio , 2006 : 22
15 ( MLQ ) Test - Retest 0.79 0.66 0.66 0.77 15 MLQ ( (Bass & Riggio , 2006 : 22
(Test - Retest)
Cronbach's Alpha (α)
α
= 1 −
2 2×
−1 1998 172 02 − 2 1 − = 2 2 α 2 Cronbach's Alpha (α) 0.786 2006 385 22 1996 : 177 2006 69 Spearman’s Rho : x y 2006 211
x y 1996 : 177 Spearman
𝑟 = 1 −
𝑛)𝑛 6 𝐷2−1(22006 217 r 1 1 n D x y x y 34
1 1 -5 -1 -6 -1 -7 -1 -8 -2
1 1 2 1 2 1 28 27.43 62 [30 ىلإ 20 نم] 01 35 35.07 78 [40 ىلإ 31 نم] 02 18 45.32 40 [50 ىلإ 41 نم] 03 20 54.31 44 [60 ىلإ 51 نم] 04 100 38 7 224 16 38 ] 31 40 [ 35 35.07 20 30 28 27.43 51 60 20 54.31 41 50 18
06 28% 35% 18% 20% [ نه 20 ىلإ 30 ] [ نه 31 ىلإ 40 ] [ نه 41 ىلإ 50 ] [ نه 51 ىلإ 60 ]
1 2 2 6.3 / 14 01 46 3.31 104 [10 ىلإ 01 نم] 02 15 17 34 [20 ىلإ 11 نم] 03 28 25.88 62 [30 ىلإ 21 نم] 04 4.5 32.9 10 [40 ىلإ 31 نم] 05 100 19.77 224 17 20 01 10 46 3.31 21 30 28 25.88 11 20 15 17 6.3 2006 31 35 4.5 32.9
07 6,30% 46% 15% 28% 4,50% ةنس نه لقأ [ نه 01 ىلإ 10 ] [ نه 11 ىلإ 20 ] [ نه 21 ىلإ 30 ] [ نه 31 ىلإ 40 ]
1 2 3 4.9 11 01 15 33 02 29 64 03 50 112 04 1.8 04 05 100 224 18 50 1.8 29 15 4.9
08 4,90% 15% 29% 50% 1,80% ًئاذتبإ طسىته يىناث ًعهاج اٍلع تاساسد
70 157 01 30 67 02 100 224 19 70 30 09 70% 30% شكر ىثنأ
79 177 01 21 47 02 100 224 20 79 21 224 20 35 79% 21% جوضته جوضته شٍغ
18 40 01 60 135 02 22 49 03 100 224 21 60 50 18 22 50
11 18% 60% 22% ساطإ نّكحت زٍفنت
1 2 Spss 2.94 4.35 1 2 3 4 5 1.00 -1.49 1.50 -1.99 2.00 -2.49 2.50 -2.99 3.00 -3.49 3.50 -3.99 4.00 -4.49 4.5 - 5.00 22 ( 50 + % 1 )
1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1.04 4.08 01 1.28 3.92 06 1.04 4.22 11 1.21 3.75 16 1.14 3.99 23 3.99 1.14 01 4.08 1.04 06 3.92 1.28 11 4.22 1.04
1 2 1 2 1.23 3.32 02 1.06 4.16 07 1.14 4.05 12 1.16 3.67 17 1.15 3.80 24 3 80 1.15 02 3.32 1 23 07 4.16 1 06 12 4 05 1 14 17 3.67 1 16
1 2 1 3 1.28 3.53 03 1.11 4.21 08 1.09 4.10 13 1.08 3.99 18 1.14 3.96 25 3 96 1.14 03 3.53 1 28 08 4.21 1 11 13 4 10 1 09 18 3.99
1 2 1 4 1.20 3.64 04 1.12 3.76 09 1.15 3.82 14 1.19 3.72 19 1.17 3.74 26 3 74 1.17 04 3.64 1 20 09 3.76 1 12 14 3.82 1 15 19 3.72
1 2 1 5 1.31 3.71 05 1.29 3.77 10 1.25 3.83 15 1.16 3.72 20 1.25 3.76 27 3 76 1 25 05 3.71 1 31 10 3.77 1 29 15 3.83 1 25 20
1 2 1 5 1.14 3.99 01 1.15 3.80 02 1.14 3.96 03 1.17 3.74 04 1.25 3.76 05 1.17 3.85 28 3.85 1.17 3.99 3.96 3.80 3.76 3.74
12 3,99 3,8 3,96 3,74 3,76 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5 5 ةٍلاثولا تافصلا ًلاثولا كىلّسلا ًهاهللإا ضٍفحّتلا ةٌشكفلا ةساثتسلإا يدشفلا ماوتهلإا
1 2 2 1 2 2 1 0.89 4.35 01 1.06 3.95 05 0.98 4.04 08 1.23 3.08 10 1.01 4.17 13 1.14 3.72 15 1.09 4.20 17 1.15 3.94 20 1.07 3.93 29 3 93 1 07 01 4.35 1 31 05 3.95 1 06 08
10 3.08 1.23 13 4.17 1.01 15 3.72 1.14 17 4.20 1.09 20 3.94 1 15 08 13 4.04 4.17 0.98 1.01
1.01 4.16 02 1.19 2.94 06 1.19 3.87 11 1.11 4.25 19 1.13 3.81 30 3 81 1 13 02 4.16 1 01 06 2.94 1 19 11 3.87 1.19 19 4.25 1.11
1.11 4.06 03 0.92 3.97 07 0.94 4.24 12 1.09 3.74 16 1.02 4.00 31 4.00 1 02 03 4.06 1 11 07 3.97 0.92 12 4.24 0.94 16 3.74 1.09
0.99 4 04 1.18 3.71 09 1.01 4.14 14 1.04 4.20 18 1.06 4.01 32 4.01 1 06 04 4.00 0.99 09 3.71 1.18 14 4.14 1.01 18 4.20 1.04
1.07 3.93 01 1.13 3.81 02 1.02 4.00 03 1.06 4.01 04 1.07 3.94 33 3.94 1.07 4.01 4.00 3.93 3.81
13 3,93 3,81 4 4,01 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5 5 ماهولا صاجنإ ءاسؤشلا عه ةقلاعلا ءلاهضلا عه ةقلاعلا ةٍصخشلا تافصلا
1 3 0.01 1 0.48 0.65 0.48 -0.59 0.60 0.65 34 0.50 0.75 0.80
1 3 1 ( ) ** 0.59 **0.52 **0.55 **0.54 **0.58 ** 0.62 **0.58 **0.58 **0.56 **0.58 ** 0.64 **0.58 **0.60 **0.58 **0.62 ** 0.01 35 ( 0.64 ) 0.62 0.60 0.58 0.59 0.58 0.55
0.62 0.58
0.56
( ) ** 0.65 **0.61 **0.61 **0.60 **0.61 ** 0.01 36 ( 0.65 ) 0.62 0.60
( ) ** 0.52 **0.50 **0.48 **0.46 **0.50 ** 0.01 37 ( 0.52 ) 0.50 0.48 0.46
** 0.55 **0.49 **0.51 **0.50 **0.55 ** 0.01 38 ( 0.55 ) 0.55 0.51 0.50 0.49