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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANTE

WHOjVBC/70.250 ENGLISH ONLY

1969 ACTIVITIES OF THE WHO INTERNATIONAL REFERENCE CENTER FOR DIAGNOSIS OF DISEASES OF VECTORS

BY

John D. Briggs Faculty of Entomology The Ohio State University

Columbus, Ohio

4

3210, United States of America

Introduction Table I Table II Table III Figures

The issue of this document does not constitute formal publication. It should not be reviewed, abstracted or quoted without the agreement of the World Health Organization. Authors alone are responsible for views expressed in signed articles.

3 6 10 ll

Ce document ne constitue pas une publication.

II ne doit faire !'objet d'aucun compte rendu ou resume ni d'aucune citation sans l'autorisation de

!'Organisation Mondiale de Ia Sante. Les opinions exprimees dans les articles signes n'engagent que leurs auteurs.

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WHOjVBC/70. 250 page 2

INTRODUCTION

.. In

1969

the activity of the International Refer~nce Center (IRC) was broadened in its scope. An expedition was und.ertaken in

April,

1969

to the Filariasis Research Unit at Rangoon, Burma (FRU) in order to examine intensively specific populations of Culex pipiens fatigans for insect pathogens. Procedures were developed

in cooperation with FRU personnel for preliminary processing of host specimens to detect pathogens with the aid of light and electron microscopy. Examination of specimens was conducted at the FRU and the IRC following regular air mail shipments. The emphasis on detection of all pathogens affecting a particular vector, by close cooperation with the Filariasis Research Unit, was a logical and important development of the intensive survey for Coelomomyces infections in _Q.

g.

fatigans initiated in late

1968.

It is evident that many benefits were derived from the principle and practice of the expanded activity of the IRC; field experience for the Center personnel and the collaborating specialists identified with the IRC, the on-site training of resident personnel at a research unit, and the recognition of opportunities to initiate screening programs and pilot field studies with candidate pathogens.

The IRC will continue to increase in efficiency for diagnoses, training, and educational purposes as the reference collection of identified hosts and pathogens and associated bibliographic

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WHOjVBC/70.250 page 3

collection develops as a working resource for scientists. In addition to those specimens submitted for diagnosis and subsequently identified by specialists, the IRC will receive specifically identified

infected/parasitized host specimens, unprocessed identified pathogens, or paratype specimens of pathogens.

Specimens were received at the IRC in

1969

appropriately preserved or chemically fixed for histological preparations. The total number of individual specimens accessioned for examination and referral by the IRC in

1969

was approximately 4,100.

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WHO/VBC/70,250 page 4

Accession Number

1229

(l-95)

1230

1231 1232 1233 1234

1235

1237

1238

1239 1240

(l-10) 1241 1242 1243

1244

1245

1246 1247

Consignor M. Abdulcader

J. Rabinovich

K. Sommerman P. G. Shute E. Kalucy J. B. Davies

G. W. Wharton

J. B. Davies

M. F. Madelin

J. Pillai

R. Garms M. Service

J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs

J. D. Briggs

J. D. Briggs

J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs

TABLE I Host

Life History

Identity Stage

Culex pipiens fatigans L

Rhodnius prolixus N,A

Culiseta impatiens A Anopheles stephensi L

An. annulipes L

Culex portesi A

Dermatophagoides farinae N,A

C. portesi

ex. Anopheles ga.mbiae

ex. Aedes australis

Simulium damnosum An. gambiae

C. E. fatigans C. E.:_ fatigans C.

E.

fatigans

Aedes aegypti

Culex gelicus

C. p. fatigans Anopheles sp. and Culex sp.

A

I,

L

A L

r.

L L

L

L L

Country of Origin Burma

Venezuela

Alaska England.

Australia Trinidad

USA

Preliminary Pathogen/Parasite Identification No infectious

microorganismsdetected Fungi associated with specimens Fungus on abdomen No infectious microorganisms detected Bacteria

Coelomomyces associated with ovaries

No infectious

microorganisms detected in acariJ?.e hosts

Trinidad Coelomomyces associated with ovaries

Northern Reference specimen, Rhodesia Coelomomyces

New Paratype slide

Zealand Protozoa/ Microsporida Liberia Fungus

Nigeria Epibionts, fungi, acari.na

Burma No infectious

microorganisms detected Burma Spore-forming bacteria Burma No infectious

microorganis!IE detected Burma

Burma

Burma Burma

No infectious

microorganisms detected No infectious

microorganisms detected Spore-forming bacteria

No infectious

microorganisms detected

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WHO/VBC/70.250 page 5

TABLE I 1969

OS

Life Country Preliminary

Accession History of Pathogen/Parasite

Number Consi(:linor Identit;z StaE;e Ori~in Identification 1248 J. D. Briggs AnoJ2heles sp. and L Burma No infectious

Aedes sp.

---

1249 J. D. Briggs A. aegypti L Burma Protozoa/Microsporida 1250 J. D. Briggs

c. _£·

fatigans L Burma No infectious

microorganisms detected 1251 P. G. Shute An. stephensi L England Protozoa/ Gregarina 1252 _(1-20) M. Abdulca.der

- c. _£·

fatigans L Burma No infectious microorganisms detected 1253 M. Abdulcader

c. _£·

fa.tigans L Burma No infectious

( 1-18) microorganisms detected

1254 M. Abdulcader

c. _£·

^fati~ans L Burma No infectious

1255 H.

c.

^Chapman Culex peccator L USA Reference specimen, Coelomom;zces

1256 G. W. Wharton D. farinae N,A USA No infectious

microorganisms detected 1257 K. Somrnerman Aedes excrucians A Alaska Coe1omomyces

1258 G. W. Wharton D. farinae N,A USA No infectious

microorganisms detected 1259 M. Abdu1cader

c. E·

^fatigans ^L ^Burma. No infectious

1260 M. Abdulca.der

(1-2)

c.

p. fa.tigans L Burma. No infectious

(3-4)

A.

^aegypti ^L ^Burma microorganisms detected

1261 M. Abdulcader

c. E·

^fatigans ^L ^Burma No infectious

1263 M. Abdulcader

c. E·

(1-24) microorganisms detected

1264 M. Abdu1ead.er

(1-5)

c.

p. fatigans L Burma No infectious

(6-8)

A..

aegypti L Burma microorganisms

( 9) Armigeres suba.lbatus L Burma detected

1265

(l-l5) M. Abdulcader

c. _£·

^fa.tigans ^L ^Burma No infectious

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WHo/vsc/70.250

page 6

TABLE I 1969

Host

Life Country Preliminary

Accession History of Pathogen/Parasite

Number Consignor Identit;z Sta!ile Origin Id.ent ificat ion 1266 M. Abdulcader

( l-4)

c.

p. fa.tigans L Burma No

(5-7) A. aegypti L Burma infectious

(8) Armigeres subalbatus L Burma microorganisms

(9, 10) Aedes albopictus L Burma detected

1268 M. Abdulcader

( 1-13) A. aemti L Burma No infectious

( 14-17)

c.

p. fatigans L Burma microorganisms

(18) Armi8eres subalbatus L Burma detected

1269 M. Abdulcader

(l-29)

c. E·

microorganisms detected 1270

c.

Richards Bulin us jausseumie A Ethiopia Unpigmented nodules in

foot of snail specimens 1271

c.

Richards Biomphalaria glabrata A Brazil No infectious

microorganisms detected in snail specimens 1272 M. Abdulcad.er

c. E·

(1-25) microorganisms detected

1273 M. Abdulcader

( 1-9) A. aegypti L Burma No infectious

(10) Armigeres subalbatus L Burma microorganisms detected

1274 R. B. Hight on

c. E·

^fatigans ^L ^Kenya Microsporida spores and spores of Bacillus sp.

1276 M. Abdulcader No infectious

(1-18)

c. E·

^fatigans ^L ^Burma microorganisms detected

1277 M. Abdulcader A. aegypti L Burma No infectious

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Accession Number

1229

1230

1231

1232

1233

1234

1235

1237

1238

1239

Pathogen/parasite identification, with comments where applicable

Scopulariopsis sp.

Aspergillus flavus Probably not primary

infecting organisms Penicillium sp.

None, possibly anoxia

Pseudomonad bacteria

Pending

TABLE II

Identification By

J. D. Briggs

E. Muller-Kogler

J. D. Briggs

J. D. Briggs

J. Harshbarger

J. N. Couch

Mortality possibly associated J. D. Briggs with fermentation products

in nutrient medium Pending

Coelomomyces indicus, laboratory produced, derived. from Muspratt Type "A"

Thelohania ~

ex. ~ australis

Phycomycete fungus, not Entomophthora.le s

J. N. Couch

M. F. Madelin

J. S. Pillai

E. Muller-Kogler Of

WHOjVBC/70. 250 page 7

International Reference Center The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, USA

Inst. fur Biologische Schadlingsbekampfung Kranichsteiner Strasse 61 Darmstadt, German Federal Rep.

Registry of Tumors of Lower Animals

Smithsonian Institution Washington, D.C., USA University of N. Carolina Department of Botany

Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA International Reference Center The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, USA

University of N. Carolina Department of Botany

Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA Department of Botany

University of Bristol Bristol, England

Department of Microbiology Medical School

University of Otago Dunedin, New Zealand

Inst. fur Biologische Schadlings- bekampfung

Kranichsteiner Strasre 61 Darmstadt, German Federal Rep.

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WHOjVBC/70.250 page 8

Accession Number 1240

(l-3)

(4) (5-7,&9) (8&10)

1241 1242

1243

12~-4

1245 1246

1247

1248 1249 1250 1251

1252

1253 1254

TABLE II

Id.entification By

Vorticellidae J. D. Briggs

Fungi Imperfecti

Arrenurus sp. (water mite) D. J. Johnston No infectious microorganisms J. D. Briggs detected

Pending S. Singer

J. D. Briggs

J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs

Pending S. Singer

J. D. Briggs

J. D. Briggs Thelohania sp. J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs

Pending J. Weiser

J. D. Briggs

J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs

Of

Acarology Laboratory The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, USA

Department of Biological Sciences Western Illinois University Macomb, Illinois, USA

International Reference Center International Reference Center Department of Biological Sciences Western Illinois University Macomb, Illinois, USA

International Reference Center International Reference Center International Reference Center Laboratory of Insect Pathology

Institute of Biology Prague, Czechoslovakia

International Reference Center International Reference Center

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1256

1257

1258

1259 1260 1261 1263 1264 1265 1266 1268 1269 1270

1271

TABLE II

WHOjVBC/70.250 page 9

I dent ificat ion By

Coelomomyces pentangulatus H. C. Chapman

J. D. Briggs

Coelomomyces psorophorae J. N. Couch

J. D. Briggs

J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs Host from laboratory cultures J. D. Briggs

NIH, USA

Intermuscular nodules of bacteria: unidentified diplococcus

Suspected protozoan infection not detected in stained

sections.

Suspected protozoan infection J. D. Briggs not detected in stained

sections

Host from laboratory cultures

NIH, USA

Of

USDA, ARS, ERD Avenue J - Chennault

Lake Charles, Louisiana, USA International Reference Center The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, USA

Department of Botany

University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA International Reference Center The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, USA

International Reference Center International Reference Center International Reference Center International Reference Center International Reference Center International Reference Center International Reference Center International Reference Center International Reference Center International Reference Center

International Reference Center

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WHO/VBC/70.250 page 10

1273 1274

1276 1277

Pathoge ryparasite identification, with comments where applicable

Retained by IRC for infectivity trials:

without success. Probably PlistoEhora culicis and Bacillus sphaericus

TABLE II

Identification By

J. D. Briggs

J. D. Briggs J. D. Briggs

Of

International Reference Center The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio

International Reference Center International Reference Center

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TABLE III

WHOjVBC/70.250

page 11

FDML DETERMINATIONS FOR 1966, 1967, and 1968 ACTIVITIES

Accession Number 1086 ( l) 1179

1186 1188

Pathogen/parasite identification, with comments where applicable Mermithidae (Mermithoidia)

Arrenurus sp. ( Arrenuridae) (Acarina)

Thyas sp. (Thyanidae) (1,2,3,5) Arrenurus sp. (Arrenuridae) (4) Trombididae

1189 Johnsterianidae water mite larva 1190

(1&3) Erythraeidae

(2) Thyas sp. ( Thyanid ae) 1191 Arrenurus sp. (Arrenuridae) 1192

( l) Arrenurus sp. (Arrenuridae) (2) Erythracilae

1193 Erythraeidae 1194 Erythraeidae

1224 Phycomycete fungus, not Entomophthorales

E.

Identification

By Of

J. Crites Faculty of Zoology

The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio

D. Johnson Acarology Laboratory The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, USA

D. Johnston Acarology; Laboratory, 0 SU D. Johnston Acarology Laboratory, OSU D. Johnston Acarology Laboratory,

osu

D. Johnston Acarology Laboratory,

osu

Muller-Kogler I:ast. fur Biologische Schadlingsbekampfung Kra.nichsteiner Strasse 61 Darmstadt, German Federal Rep.

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WHO/VBC/70,250 page 12

FIG. 1. FIELD COLLABORATOR FROM WHO FILARIASIS RESEARCH UNIT SAMPLING POPULATIONS OF AEDES AEGYPTI IN PEGU JARS, NEAR RANGOON, BURMA

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WHOjVBC/70,250 page 13

FIG. 2. THICK-WALL SPORANGIA OF COELOMOMYCES SP, WITHIN LARVAE OF CULEX ORENTALIS COLLECTED NEAR VLADIVOSTOK, USSR. PROF.

N. SHIPITSINA, ACCESSION WHO/IRC 1124. EACH SPORANGIUM APPROXIMATELY 45p IN LENGTH

ll III

1969 ACTIVITIES OF THE WHO INTERNATIONAL REFERENCE CENTER FOR DIAGNOSIS OF DISEASES OF VECTORS

BY

John D. Briggs Faculty of Entomology The Ohio State University

Columbus, Ohio

3210, United States of America

Introduction Table I Table II Table III Figures

CONTENTS

3 6 10 ll

1969

1969

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1968.

1969

1969

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