الاداء والاثر الإقتصادي و الإجتماعي للسياحة في الجزائر وتونس و المغرب

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- The definition used by World Tourism Organization is: ‘‘A Tourist is a temporary visitor staying at least 24 hours in the country visited and the purpose of whose journey can be classified as leisure. i.e, Recreation, holiday, health, study, religion or/sport, (b) business, (c) family, (d) mission or (e) staying meeting’’. See, WTO, World Tourism Organization, ‘‘Collection of Tourism Expenditure Statistics’’, Technical Manual, No.1, Op. Cit., p. 10.

4 - Ibid. 5

- Alan A. Lew, Colin Michael Hall, Allan M. Williams, A Companion to Tourism, (USA- Malden, MA: Blackwell,2004),P.27.

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25,3 1950 1 919 2008

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1 1950 -2008 : 1950 1970 1990 2000 2005 2008 25,3 165,8 438 686 802 919

Source: - WTO, World Tourism Organization, ‘‘International Tourist

Arrivals’’,1950 - 2002, Madrid, WTO, (September2003), pdf, p.1.

- UNWTO, World Tourism Barometer, ‘‘Committed to Tourism, Travel and the

Millennium Development Goals’’, Volume7. No. 1, Madrid, (January2009), pdf, P.5.

- WTO, World Tourism, ‘‘Tourism Highlights’’, Madrid, (Edition 2010), pdf, p.4.

-1950 2008 893,7

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3 11 1

- WTO, World Tourism Organization, ‘‘International Tourist Arrivals, 1950 – 2002’’, Madrid, WTO, (September2003), pdf, p.1.

2

- UNWTO, World Tourism Barometer, ‘‘Committed to Tourism, Travel and the Millennium Development Goals’’, Volume7. No. 1, Madrid, (January 2009), pdf, P.5.

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Source: - WTO, World Tourism Organization, International, ‘‘Tourism Receipts’’, 1950- 2002, Madrid, WTO, (September2003), pdf, p.1.

- UNWTO, World Tourism Organization, ‘‘Tourism Highlights’’, Madrid, (Edition2010), p. 4.

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370 930 2005

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1

- WTO, World Tourism Organization, ‘‘International Tourism Receipts, 1950- 2002’’, Madrid, WTO, (September 2003), pdf, p.1.

2

- UNWTO, World Tourism Organization, ‘‘Tourism Highlights’’, Madrid, (Edition2010), p.4. 3

- UNWTO, World Tourism Barometer, ‘‘Committed to Tourism, Travel and Millennium Development Goals’’, Volume5, No.2, (June2007), p.32.

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Source: - UNWTO, World Tourism Organization, ‘‘Tourism

Highlights’’, Madrid, (Edition 2010), p.6.

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(78)

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-"

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:

www.m-culture.gov.dz/mc2/ar/sitesetetmonuments.php#47 5

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(83)

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2001

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.

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Ennabli, Abdelmadjid, ‘‘North Africa's Roman art Its future’’, in World Heritage, No.16, (September 2000), pp. 27-29.

(84)

25

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- P. Blanchet, ‘‘La Kalaa des Beni Hammad’’, in Recueil des notices et mémoires de la Société

(85)

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- ICOMOS, World Heritage List, No.102, ‘‘the Archeological Site of theAl Qal'a of Beni Hammad’’.

http://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/102.pdf 2

- Ibid. 3

- H. Saladin, ‘‘Note sur la kalaa des Beni Hammad’’ in Bulletin, Archéologique, Paris, Imprimerie nationale,(1904), p.243. 4

-"

45

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1982

.

:

ICOMOS, World Heritage List, No.191,‘‘Djemila’’. http://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/191.pdf 5

-"

:

."

www.ont-dz.org/site%20-%20arabe/pdf%20ar/romaines_ar.pdf 6

- ICOMOS, World Heritage List, No.191,‘‘Djemila’’. http://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/191.pdf ‘‘Djemila fleuron du patrimoine national et universel’’.

-7

www.belle-algerie.com/index.php/visiter-lalgerie/sites-classees/2-sites-clasees/3 --djemila-fleuron-du-patrimoine-national-et-universel-classee-en-1982-.html

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http://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/193.pdf 4

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(87)

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- Journal en continu du GRAN, ‘‘Musée National du Bardo’’, Alger, (7juillet2005). www.archeonavale.org/dotclear121/index.php/2005/07/07/58-musee-national-du-bardo-alger

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1978

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