L’industrie osseuse des Iroquoiens du site Mailhot-Curran (BgFn-2) : une étude des déchets de fabrication

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(12) Table des matières RÉSUMÉ .......................................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................. II LISTE DES TABLEAUX .......................................................................................................................... VI LISTE DES FIGURES ...........................................................................................................................VIII REMERCIEMENTS ..............................................................................................................................VIII INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................ 1 CHAPITRE 1 : CONTEXTE THÉORIQUE ET CONCEPTUEL ......................................................... 4 /(6',))e5(17(6$3352&+(65(/$7,9(6¬/¶e78'('(/¶,1'8675,(266(86( 1.1.1 L’approche typologique ............................................................................................................... 4 1.1.2 L’approche fonctionnelle ............................................................................................................. 5 1.1.3 L’approche taphonomique ........................................................................................................... 6 1.1.4 L’approche technologique............................................................................................................ 6 0,6((1&217(;7('(65(&+(5&+(6 /¶26&200(0$7,Ê5(35(0,Ê5( 1.3.1 Les principales composantes de l’os .......................................................................................... 10 1.3.2 Les propriétés biomécaniques de l’os ........................................................................................ 12 /DIUDFWXUHOHSRLQWG¶pFKHF 1.3.3 Le concept de chaine opératoire ................................................................................................ 14 CHAPITRE 2 : CADRE HISTORIQUE ET CULTUREL .................................................................... 19 48,6217/(6,52482,(16'86$,17/$85(17" 2.1.1 La culture matérielle des Iroquoiens du Saint-Laurent ............................................................. 21 /¶RXWLOODJHHQRVGHV,URTXRLHQVGX6DLQW/DXUHQW 352%/e0$7,48('(5(&+(5&+( 1$785('(6'211e(6 2.3.1 Historique des interventions sur le site Mailhot-Curran ........................................................... 30 2.3.2 Présentation du site Mailhot-Curran ......................................................................................... 32 2.3.3 Définition d’une maison-longue ................................................................................................. 34 2.3.4 Les secteurs du site Mailhot-Curran .......................................................................................... 35 /HV]RQHVG¶KDELWDWLRQHWO¶DLUHG¶DFWLYLWpVH[WpULHXUHV 6HFWHXUVH[WpULHXUV. ,,,.

(13) /HV]RQHVGHUHMHWV CHAPITRE 3 : APPROCHES MÉTHODOLOGIQUES ET COLLECTE DES DONNÉES............ 42 $3352&+(60e7+2'2/2*,48(6 3.1.1 Approche technologique ............................................................................................................. 43 6RXVDSSURFKH]RDUFKpRORJLTXH 6RXVDSSURFKHWUDFpRORJLTXH 3.1.2 Résumé ....................................................................................................................................... 48 7(&+1,48(6'()28,//(6(70e7+2'(6'(5e&83e5$7,21'(69(67,*(6 0e7+2'('(&2//(&7('('211e(6 3.3.1 Précisions sur la collecte de données......................................................................................... 52 CHAPITRE 4 : DESCRIPTION ET CATÉGORISATION DE LA COLLECTION ......................... 54 2%-(76(7)5$*0(176'¶2%-(76 e%$8&+(6 68332576 6286352'8,7628'e&+(76'()$%5,&$7,21 4.4.1 Éclats .......................................................................................................................................... 59 eFODWVGHSHUFXVVLRQ $XWUHVpFODWV 4.4.2 Débris ......................................................................................................................................... 64 0pWDSRGHV 3KDODQJHV 'pEULVLQGpWHUPLQpV CHAPITRE 5 : LES CHAINES OPÉRATOIRES ................................................................................. 69 6e/(&7,21'(/$0$7,Ê5(35(0,Ê5(&20326,7,21)$81,48('(/$&2//(&7,21 75$16)250$7,21'(/$0$7,Ê5(35(0,Ê5(/(&785(7(&+12/2*,48('(/$&2//(&7,21 5.2.1 Les outils .................................................................................................................................... 78 /HVSRLQoRQV /HVpSOXFKHXUVjPDwV /HVFLVHDX[HWUDFORLUV /HVSHUFXWHXUV 5.2.2 Les armes ................................................................................................................................... 84 /HVSRLQWHVGHSURMHFWLOHV /HVKDUSRQV. ,9.

(14) 5.2.3 Les objets à fonction ludique, esthétique ou cérémonielle ......................................................... 87 /HVELOERTXHWV FXSDQGSLQJDPH

(15) /HVSLqFHVGHMHXRXERXWRQVGHYrWHPHQW /HVSHUOHV /HSHQGHQWLI *(67,21'(/$0$7,Ê5(35(0,Ê5($1$/<6(63$7,$/( 5.3.1 Le site dans son ensemble .......................................................................................................... 92 5.3.2 Les aires d’habitation................................................................................................................. 95 5.3.3 La division interne des maisons-longues.................................................................................... 96 CHAPITRE 6 : DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................ 100 5(7285685/$48(67,21'(5(&+(5&+( 5(7285685/$0e7+2'( 6.2.1 L’absence d’expérimentation ................................................................................................... 106 6.2.2 L’utilisation du microscope métallographique ........................................................................ 108 CONCLUSION ET PROSPECTIVES................................................................................................... 111 LISTE DES RÉFÉRENCES ................................................................................................................... 113 ANNEXE I : LES TABLEAUX .............................................................................................................. 144 ANNEXE II : LES FIGURES ................................................................................................................. 170. 9.

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