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HAL Id: dumas-03121847

https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-03121847

Submitted on 26 Jan 2021

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

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Le musée et ses entreprises mécènes, une redéfinition

des enjeux médiatiques au risque de la communication

muséale

Marie-Laure Moreau

To cite this version:

Marie-Laure Moreau. Le musée et ses entreprises mécènes, une redéfinition des enjeux médiatiques au risque de la communication muséale. Sciences de l’information et de la communication. 2017. �dumas-03121847�

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École des hautes études en sciences de l'information et de la communication - Université Paris-Sorbonne 77, rue de Villiers 92200 Neuilly tél. : +33 (0)1 46 43 76 76 fax : +33 (0)1 47 45 66 04 www.celsa.fr

Master professionnel

Mention : Information et communication

Spécialité : Communication Entreprises et institutions Option : Entreprises, institutions, culture et tourisme

Le musée et ses entreprises mécènes

Une redéfinition des enjeux médiatiques

au risque de la communication muséale

Responsable de la mention information et communication Professeure Karine Berthelot-Guiet

Tuteur universitaire : Dominique Pagès

Nom, prénom : MOREAU Marie-Laure Promotion : 2015-2016

Soutenu le : 12/04/2017

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