Analyse de multiples blocs de données compositionnelles : application à l'étude de la sous-nutrition chronique

Analyse de multiples blocs de données

compositionnelles : application à l’étude de la

sous-nutrition chronique

Par : Antoine MENARD

Soutenu à Rennes le 4 septembre 2019

Devant le jury composé de :

Président :François HUSSON

Maître de stage : Vincent GUILLEMOT Enseignant référent : Francois Husson

Autres membres du jury (Nom, Qualité) : David CAUSEUR, relecteur

Les analyses et les conclusions de ce travail d'étudiant n'engagent que la responsabilité de son auteur et non celle d’AGROCAMPUS OUEST

Ce document est soumis aux conditions d’utilisation

«Paternité-Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale-Pas de Modification 4.0 France» disponible en ligne http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.fr

AGROCAMPUS OUEST CFR Angers CFR Rennes Année universitaire : 2018-2019 Spécialité : Agronomie……… ………

Spécialisation (et option éventuelle) : Sciences des

données……… …………

Mémoire de fin d’études

d’Ingénieur de l’Institut Supérieur des Sciences agronomiques, agroalimentaires, horticoles et du paysage

de Master de l’Institut Supérieur des Sciences agronomiques, agroalimentaires, horticoles et du paysage

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Diplôme : Ingénieur Spécialité : Agronome

Spécialisation / option : Science des données Enseignant référent : François HUSSON Auteur(s) : Antoine MENARD

Date de naissance* : 30/09/1996

Organisme d'accueil : Institut Pasteur

Adresse : 25-28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris

Maître de stage : Vincent GUILLEMOT

Nb pages : Annexe(s) :

Année de soutenance : 2019

Titre français : Analyse de multiples blocs de données compositionnelles : application à l’étude de la sous-nutrition chronique

Titre anglais : Analysis of multiple compositional datasets : application to chronic undernutrition

Résumé (1600 caractères maximum) :

Le retard de croissance touche un quart des enfants de moins de cinq ans dans le monde. C’est pour mieux comprendre les liens entre malnutrition et retard de croissance que s’est mis en place le projet Afribiota. Ce rapport présente le travail réalisé pour intégrer les jeux de données compositionnelles de générés par cette étude pour pouvoir identifier des biomarqueurs du retard de croissance. Le processus et l’importance de l’intégration de l’aspect compositionnel des données sont présentés. Puis, une méthodologie d’intégration par bloc et des méthodes d’intégration multiblocs sont proposées, ainsi que différentes méthodes d’analyses différentielle. Il en résulte que la sous-nutrition chronique engendre un dérèglement de l’écosystème intestinal, un dérèglement des populations bactériennes et des abondances en acides biliaires.

Abstract (1600 caractères maximum) :

Growth delay syndrome affects a quarter of the children who are under five. It is to better understand the links between growth delay and undernutrition that the Afribiota project was set up. This reports presents the work realised in order to integrate the compositional datasets generated by this study and to detect biomarkers of growth delay. The processus and the importance of the integration of the compositional aspect of the data are detailed. Then, a methodology of integration for a single block and two methodologies for multiple blocks are proposed, as well as differential analysis methods. It result that undernutrition generate modifications of the intestinal ecosystem, and more paticularly an imbalance of bacterial populations and a modification of the bile acid relative abondances.

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*Elément qui permet d’enregistrer les notices auteurs dans le catalogue des bibliothèques universitaires