Effect of live yeast on ruminal biohydrogenation. A preliminary in vitro approach
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(17) ĨĨĞĐƚŽĨůŝǀĞLJĞĂƐƚŽŶƌƵŵŝŶĂůďŝŽŚLJĚƌŽŐĞŶĂƚŝŽŶ͘ ƉƌĞůŝŵŝŶĂƌLJŝŶǀŝƚƌŽĂƉƉƌŽĂĐŚ͘ ŚƌŝƐƚŝŶĞ:h>/ Eϭ͕ŶŶĂďĞůůĞdZK ' > ZͲD zE/ Zϭ͕:ĞĂŶͲWŚŝůŝƉƉĞDZ EϮ͕&ƌĂŶĐŝƐ E:> Zdϭ ĂŶĚŽƌŝŶĞzKhZd, ϭ ϭ Ϯ. hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚĠ ĚĞdŽƵůŽƵƐĞ͕/EZ͕hDZϭϮϴϵ/EZͬ/EWdͬ EsddE D͕ϯϭϯϮϲĂƐƚĂŶĞƚͲdŽůŽƐĂŶ͕&ƌĂŶĐĞ͘ >ĞƐĂĨĨƌĞ&ĞĞĚĚĚŝƚŝǀĞƐ͕ϱϵϱϮϬDĂƌƋƵĞƚƚĞͲ>ĞnjͲ>ŝůůĞ͕&ƌĂŶĐĞ͘. ĂĐŬŐƌŽƵŶĚĂŶĚKďũĞĐƚŝǀĞ. ŽŶƚĂĐƚ͗Ă͘ƚƌŽĞŐĞůĞƌΛĞŶǀƚ͘Ĩƌ. Figure 1. Linoleic acid (C18:2) biohydrogenation in rumen and transfer in milk. Live yeast used on field: a better diet utilisation C18:2 Ð trans10,cis12-CLA – cis9,trans11-CLA Ð trans10-C18:1 – trans11-C18:1 Ð C18:0. Ruminal biohydrogenation (BH): interesting fatty acids (FA), like conjugated linoleic acids (CLA), are synthesised by ruminal bacteria, and then could be transferred into milk after desaturation of a part of vaccenic acid (trans11-C18:1) in CLA by the mammary gland (Figure 1) References are scarce about live yeast diet supplementation and BH of. /. dietary lipids in dairy cows A preliminary in vitro approach of the effect of live yeast on BH with a high forage diet, which allows a high biohydrogenating ruminal activity. DĂƚĞƌŝĂůĂŶĚĞƐŝŐŶ A rumen fistulated dry dairy cow receiving a hay-based diet (57%). RUMEN. -. trans11-C18:1 Ð cis9,trans11-CLA. UDDER. 10 flasks containing 1.6 g of starch, 1.6 g of hay, 0.23 g of urea and a buffer solution (pH 7). ×5. ×5. + 0.15 g Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1010 CFU/g DM, BIOSAF® Sc 47, Lesaffre Feed Additives, France). Incubation 6 h, 39°C, darkness. FA extraction and quantification. ZĞƐƵůƚƐĂŶĚŝƐĐƵƐƐŝŽŶ EŽƐƚƌŽŶŐĚŝĨĨĞƌĞŶĐĞŽĨ&ĐŽŵƉŽƐŝƚŝŽŶŝŶŝŶĐƵďĂƚĞĚŵĞĚŝĂ;dĂďůĞϭͿ͗ Ͳ The percentage C16:1+C17:0anteiso twice higher (P<0.01) with live yeast : live yeast contains large amount of C16:1 - The percentage of C15:0anteiso lower with live yeast (P=0.03), possibly due to a decrease of Ruminobacter amilophilus3 induced by yeast1 - No effect on C18:2 BH intermediates like trans-11 or trans-10 CLA - No effect in such conditions on the extent of C18:2 (P=0.566) or Į-linolenic acid (C18:3) BH (P=0.838), 51% and 54% on average, respectively Table 1. Fatty acids (FA) composition of incubated media FA, % FAME C12:0 C13:0 C14:0 C15:0 C15:0 anteiso C15:0 iso C16:0 C16:1 + 17:0 anteiso C17:0 C17:0 iso C18:0 cis-9 C18:1 Total trans-C18:1 trans10-C18:1 trans11-C18:1 cis9,cis12-C18:2 Total CLA trans10,cis12-CLA cis9,trans11-CLA cis9,cis12,cis15-C18:3. Control 0.21 0.05 0.61 0.57 0.47 0.26 12.04 0.36 0.38 0.12 20.78 13.13 7.50 0.24 5.26 17.30 1.99 0.05 1.56 7.16. Live Yeast 0.17 0.04 0.76 0.54 0.43 0.25 11.82 0.73 0.36 0.12 21.20 13.46 7.18 0.23 5.27 17.75 1.81 0.04 1.43 7.10. SEM. ŽŶĐůƵƐŝŽŶƐ. 0.023 0.005 0.078 0.008 0.008 0.005 0.151 0.011 0.006 0.003 0.525 0.237 0.636 0.030 0.536 1.034 0.204 0.004 0.160 0.532. ZĂƚĞƐĂŶĚĞĨĨŝĐŝĞŶĐŝĞƐŽĨƚŚĞƚŚƌĞĞƌĞĂĐƚŝŽŶƐŽĨϭϴ͗Ϯ, ;dĂďůĞϮͿ͗. P-value 0.384 0.461 0.382 0.121 0.026 0.646 0.484 <0.001 0.166 0.215 0.703 0.515 0.812 0.881 0.989 0.834 0.682 0.617 0.709 0.955. - An efficient ruminal BH in all media certainly because of pH 7 and presence of hay in the fermentative substrate - No significant modification by live yeast Table 2. Rates and efficiencies 2 of the three reactions of C18:2 biohydrogenation v1* (mg/L/h) E1 (%). Control 64.24 52.39. Live Yeast 59.77 48.79. SEM 3.711 3.011. P-value 0.564 0.566. v2* (mg/L/h) E2 (%). 59.15 90.74. 54.37 89.34. 3.342 0.852. 0.495 0.437. v3* (mg/L/h). 22.86. 27.94. 2.062. 0.253. ΎϭƌĞĨĞƌƐƚŽƚŚĞŝƐŽŵĞƌŝƐĂƚŝŽŶŽĨϭϴ͗ϮŝŶƚŽ>͖ϮƌĞĨĞƌƐƚŽƚŚĞ ƌĞĚƵĐƚŝŽŶŽĨ>ŝŶƚŽƚƌĂŶƐͲϭϴ͗ϭ͖ϯƌĞĨĞƌƐƚŽƚŚĞƌĞĚƵĐƚŝŽŶŽĨĂůů ϭϴ͗ϭŝŶϭϴ͗Ϭ͘. WĞƌƐƉĞĐƚŝǀĞƐ. EŽĐůĞĂƌĞĨĨĞĐƚŽĨůŝǀĞLJĞĂƐƚŽŶϭϴ͗ϮĂŶĚϭϴ͗ϯ,ǁŝƚŚ. >ŝǀĞLJĞĂƐƚĞĨĨĞĐƚŽŶ,ǁŝƚŚŚŝŐŚĐŽŶĐĞŶƚƌĂƚĞĚŝĞƚƐ͍. ĂŚŝŐŚĨŽƌĂŐĞĚŝĞƚ. ĨĨĞĐƚĂĨƚĞƌĂĚĂƉƚĂƚŝŽŶŽĨĐŽǁƐƚŽůŝǀĞLJĞĂƐƚ͍ et al., 2008 6th INRA-RRI Symposium. Gut Microbiology. 18-28 June 2008. Clermont-Ferrand, France. 2 Troegeler-Meynadier et al., 2006. Repr. Nutr. Dev. 46:713-724. 3 Vlaeminck et al., 2006. J. Dairy Sci. 89:2668-2678. 1Pinloche.
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