مسؤولية مالك العقار عن مضار الجوار غير الممألوف

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= ــــ >?ا ـــ ﺴﻻﺍ ـ ﻘﻠﻝﺍﻭ ﻡ ـ ﺏ ﺠﺭﺩﻝﺍ ـ ﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔ ـ ﺔ ﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻷﺍ ﺔـ ﻴﻠﺼ ـ ﺔ ﻔﺼﻝﺍ ــ ﺔ ﺃ. ﺔﻴﻗﺭ ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺍﻭﻋ ﺩ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﺓ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺘﺎﺒ ﺭﻀﺨﻝ ﺝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺴﻴﺌﺭ ـ ﺎ ﺩ . ﺤﺭ ـ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺸ ﺏﺎ ﺃ ﺓﺭﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﺓﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﺔﻨﺘﺎﺒ ﺭﻀﺨﻝ ﺝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﻓﺭﺸﻤ ـ ﻘﻤﻭ ﺎ ﺭـ ﺭ ﺍ ﺃ. ﻥﻴﺯﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺯﻋ ﺩ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﻴﺨ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﻀ ﺓﺭﻜﺴﺒ ﺭ ﻀﻋ ـ ﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺍﻭ ـ ﺎ ﺩ . ﻴﺯﺭ ـ ﺭﺎﻤﻋ ﻕ ﺃ ﺓﺭﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﺔﻨﺘﺎﺒ ﺭﻀﺨﻝ ﺝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺎـﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺍﻭـﻀﻋ ﺩ . ﺩﺍﺭﻤ ﻱﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤ ﺃ ﺓﺭﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺸﺎﻋ ﻥﺎﻴﺯ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺔﻔﻠﺠ ﺎـﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺍﻭـﻀﻋ ﺩ . ﺔﻴﺭﻭﺤ ﺏﻬﺸﻝ ﺃ ﺓﺭﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﺓﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﺓﺭﻜﺴﺒ ﺭﻀﻴﺨ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺎـﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺍﻭـﻀﻋ ا ــ =ا ــــ : 2012 / 2013

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ﱃﺇ

ﱃﺎﻌﺗ ﷲﺍ ﺎﻤﻬﻴﻓ ﻝﺎﻗ ﻦﻣ

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(

bflãbflyg@åí‡ÛaìÛbi@ëLŽêbČíg@üg@aë‡jÈm@üc@ÙşiŠ@ó›Ó@ë

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bflãbflyg@åí‡ÛaìÛbi@ëLŽêbČíg@üg@aë‡jÈm@üc@ÙşiŠ@ó›Ó@ë

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ﺰﻣﺭ ﱃﺇ

ﺩﺎﻬﺘﺟﻻﺍ ﻭ ﺓﺮﺑﺎﺜﳌﺍ ﻭ ﺀﺎﻄﻌﻟﺍ

ﰐﺪﻟﺍﻭ،

ﺔﺒﻴﺒﳊﺍ

ﱃﺇ

ﻦﻣ

ﺡﺎﻔﻜﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺩﻮﻤﺼﻟﺍ ﻭ ﱪﺼﻟﺍ ﲏﻤﹼﻠﻋ

ﺰﻳﺰﻌﻟﺍ ﻱﺪﻟﺍﻭ،

ﺓﺎﻴﳊﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﰲ ﺎﻨﻟ ﺍﺮﺧﺫ ﺎﻤﻜﻈﻔﺣ ﻭ ﺎﻤﻛﺮﻤﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻝﺎﻃﺃ

ﺱﺎﻨﻳﺇ ﻯﺮﻛﺫ ﱵﻨﺑﺍ،ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ

ﻲﺧﺃ ﻭ ﰐﺍﻮﺧﺃ ﱃﺇ

ﺭﺎﻐﺼﻟﺍ ﻲﺋﺍﺰﻋﺃ ﱃﺇ

ﺲﻴﳌ

ﺩﺍﻮﺟ ﻭ ﻒﺳﻮﻳ،

ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻡﺎﲤﻹ ﲏﻘﻓﻭ ﻭ ﲏﻧﺎﻋﺃ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﹼﻞﺟ ﻭ ﺰﻋ ﷲ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻤﳊﺍ

ﻭ ﺎﻤﻠﺣ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ

ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺣ ﷲﺍ ﻞﻀﻔﺑ ﺖﺤﺒﺻﺃ

ﻭ

ﺓﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﰐﺫﺎﺘﺳﺃ ﱃﺇ ﻡﺪﻘﺗﺃ ﻞﻴﻤﳉﺎﺑ ﲏﻣ ﺎﻧﺎﻓﺮﻋ

ﺔﻳﺩﺎﺷ ﺏﺎﺣﺭ

ﻭ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻰﲰﺄﺑ

ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺍﺮﺷﻹﺍ ﺎﳍﻮﺒﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺘﻟﺍ

ﻪﺘﻣﺪﻗ ﺎﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭ

ﺢﺋﺎﺼﻧ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺟﻮﺗ ﻦﻣ ﱄ

ﺎﻬﻌﺿﺍﻮﺗ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺪﺻ ﺔﻌﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻫﺮﻜﺷﺃ ﺎﻤﻛ،ﻪﻣﺎﲤﺇ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ

.

ﺓﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﳝﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﰐﺫﺎﺘﺳﻷ ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﺺﻟﺎﲞ ﻡﺪﻘﺗﺃ ﺎﻤﻛ

ﺔﻴﻗﺭ ﺔﻳﺮﺷﺍﻮﻋ

ﲏﺘﻓﺮﺷ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻭ

ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻣ ﺔﻨﳉ ﺔﺳﺎﺋﺮﺑ

.

ﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﻝﻮﺻﻮﻣ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻭ

ﻟ

ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺳﻸ

ﻦﻳﺰﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﺰﻋ

ﻡﺎﻤﻀﻧﻻﺍ ﻪﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﻠﻟ

ﺠ

ﻢﻏﺭ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺔﻨ

ﺓﲑﺜﻜﻟﺍ ﻪﻠﻏﺎﺸﻣ

ﺎﻤﻛ

ﻩﺮﻜﺷﺃ

ﻤﲢ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﻪﻠ

ﲑﺧ ﺎﻨﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻩﺍﺰﺟ،ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﻋ

ﺀﺍﺰﺟ

.

ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﻚﻟﺬﻛ ﺮﻜﺷﺃ

ﺩﺍﺮﻣ ﻱﺭﺎﺘﳐ

ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻩﺪﻳﺰﻳ ﺎﳑ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻣ ﰲ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﳌﺍ ﻪﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺎﻔﻳﺮﺸﺗ ﻭ

ﺔﻴﻣﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻬﻣ ﰲ ﻖﻴﻓﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻪﻟ ﷲﺍ ﻝﺄﺳﺃ،

.

ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﻱﺫﺎﺘﺳﻷ ﻱﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗ ﻭ ﻱﺮﻜﺷ

ﺭﺎﻤﻋ ﻖﻳﺯﺭ

ﻨﻣ ﺔﻨﳉ ﰲ ﺔﻛﺭﺎﺸﳌﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﻀﻔﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺍﺬﻫ ﺔﺸﻗﺎ

ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ

.

ﺺﻟﺎﳋﺍ ﻱﺮﻜﺸﺑ ﻡﺪﻘﺗﺃ

ﺎﻀﻳﺃ

ﺓﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ

ﺔﻳﺭﻮﺣ ﺐﻬﺸﻟ

ﱵﻟﺍ

ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﳍ ﻡﺎﻤﻀﻧﻻﺍ ﺖﻠﺒﻗ

ﺕﻻﺎﻐﺸﻧﻻﺍ ﺓﺮﺜﻛ ﻭ ﺔﻓﺎﺴﳌﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻢﻏﺭ ﺓﺮﻗﻮﳌﺍ

ﻼﻳﺰﺟ ﺍﺮﻜﺸﻓ،

.

ﰲ ﻭ

ﺬﺗﺎﺳﻷ ﲎﲤﺃ ﲑﺧﻷﺍ

،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺔﺤﺼﻟﺍ ﻡﺍﻭﺩ ﻡﺍﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﰐ

ﷲﺍ ﻢﻫﺍﺰﺟ

ﺀﺍﺰﺟ ﲑﺧ ﲏﻋ

.

1 ﻤﺩﻘﻤ ـ ﺔ : ﻴ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﻌ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺯﺃ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﺵﻴﻌﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﺫﻨﻤ ﺕﺩﺠ ،ﻩﺩﺭﻔﻤﺒ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻤﻫﺃ ﻑﺭﻌﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﻓﺭﻋ ﻲﺘﻝﺎﻜ ﺔﻴ . ﹼﻻﺇ،ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﺯﻼﻴ ﺀﻲﺸ ﺭﻭﺎﺠﺘﻝﺎﻓ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺏﺘﺭﺘﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻪﻨﺃ ،ﺎﻬﻠﻤﺤﺘ ﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴ ﻻ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺫﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ،ﻲﻨﺍﺭﻤﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻓﺭﻋ ﻱ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﻉﺎﻁﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺤ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻯﺩﺃ ﺎﻤﻤ،ﻥﻜﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺯﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺽﺭﻐﻝ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺜﻜ ﻭ ﺓﺭﺜﻜ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻭ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﺎﺸﻭﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺭﻭﺎﺠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺎﺒﻝﺎﻏ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤﺒ ، ﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻜﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺤﺃ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺏﺒﺴﺘﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻲ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﺒﻝﺎﻁ ﺀﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺄﺠﻠﻴﻓ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﺤﺘ ﻪﻨﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺠﻝ . ﻴﻤﻫﺃ ـ ﺔ ﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ـ ﻉﻭ : ﻙﻠﺘ ﻉﻭﻨ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ،ﺀﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﺯﺎﻬﺠﺒ ﺔﻁﻭﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻤ ﺔﻝﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺍﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺭﻁﺃ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ،ﺎﻬﻓﺍﺭﻁﺃ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀ ﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﷲﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﺒﻌﺒ ﻑﻴﻨﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻨﻴﺩ ﺎﻬﻨﺭﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﺒﺴﺘﻜﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨﺒ ﻡﺴﺘﺘ ﺔﻓﻭﻝ ﻰﻝﺎﻌﺘ ﻪﻝﻭﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺢﻀﺘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫ ﻭ،ﻪﺒ ﻙﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻭ :
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78א93א:; 36  

2 ﻡﺩﻋ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺭﺘﺤﺎﻓ ﻪﺌﺍﺫﻴﺇ ﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻴ ﺩﻤ ﻭ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﻥﺎﺴﺤﻹﺍ ﺏﺠﺍﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﺇ،ﺏﺠﺍﻭ ـ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻪﻝ ﻥﻭ ﺍﺭﺍﻭﺠ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ،ﺔﺠﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻘﻘﺤﺘ ﺏﻌﺼﻴ ﺕﺎﻔﺼﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﺒ ﻭﻠﺨﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻨ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻴ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﺒ ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺸﻴﻌﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺎﻜﻤ ﻭ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﺘ ﻊﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﺯ لﻜ ﻲﻓ،ﺔﻤﻴﺩﺘﺴﻤ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻭﻜﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻰﻌﺴﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ،ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻘﻠﻁﻤ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻊﺘﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻴﻜﻠﻤ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺭﻴ ﺍﺩﻴﻗ ﺩﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﻗﻭﻘﺤ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺭﺤﻝ ،ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﻀﻹﺍ ﻡﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻬﻝﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺨﺩﺘ ﺎﻴﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤ ﻭ،ﺭﻴﻐﻝﺎﺒ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻓﺭﻁ ﺕﺎﻤﺍﺯﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻕﻭﻘﺤ ﻥﺎﻴﺒ ﻭ،ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻌﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﻠﺘ ﺭﻴﻭﻁﺘ ﻡﺯﻼﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﻴﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻙ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻪﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﺒﻠﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺜﻤﺘﻴ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻤﺠﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻀﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﻭ ﻀﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﺴﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﺯﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻤﺠﺤ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﻁﺘ ،ﺭﺭ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻭﺩﺒﺘ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﻭ ﺒﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ،ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻴ ﺔﻴﺎﻔﻜ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺭﻤ ﻊﻤ ﻥ ﺵﺎﻘﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﻻﻭﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻭ،ﻡﻜﺤﻤ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﻓﺭﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻤ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﻜﺍﻭﺘ ﺓﺩﺩﺠﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻗ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻗ ﻕﻠﺨ ﺏﻭﺠﻭ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻔﺴﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭ،ﺭﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺕﻗﻭ ﻱﺃ ﺎﻬﻓﺭﻌﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ ﻥﻤ لﺒﻗ . ﻤ ﻪﺘﻠﻌﺠ،ﺓﺩﻋ ﺡﺍﻭﻨ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﻪﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺩﺍﺯ ﺍﺫﻜﻫ ﻭ ﻥ ﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ـ ﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎ ﺔﻴﻨﻭ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻪﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺢﺒﺼﺘ ﻡﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ

3 ﺩﻬﺘ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ لﺒ،ﻁﻘﻓ ﺩﻌﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ،ﻪﻝﺍﻭﻤﺃ ﻭ ﻪﺘﻨﻴﻜﺴ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺤﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﺼ ﺩ ﺭﺎﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺕ ﺼﺃ ﻭ،ﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﺸ ﺤﺒ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻌﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻬﺘ ﺕﺤﺒ ﺎﻬﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺓﺎﻴ ﻭ،ﻪﺌﺎﻘﺒﺒ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻡﻫﺃ ﺩﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻴﻁﺨ ﺭﺜﺃ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤﻝ ﺢﺒﺼﺃ ﺍﺫﻜﻫ ﻲﻁﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫ ﻭ،ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻋﺩﺘﺴﺘ،ﺔﻐﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝ . ﻉﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺸﺎﻨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ،ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻯﺩﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺩﺒﺃ ﺍﻭﻔﻠﺘﺨﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻔﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ،ﺭﺒﻜﺃ ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻪﺌﺎﻁﻋﺇ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻪﻓﺭﻋ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺢﻀﺘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺏﺴﺤ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﺄﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﺩﻴﺤﻭ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻤﺠﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻊﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ،ﺏﻴﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺎﺒ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﻌﻴ ﻻ ﻭ،ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻘﺒﺘﺴ ﻭ ﺕﻝﺍﺯ ﻻ ﻭ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ،ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻔﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻫﺫﺃ لﻐﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﻭ،ﻥﻴﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻬﻘ ﻭ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺎﺒ ﺓﺭﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻝﺄﺴﻤ لﺒ،ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺯﺎﻜﺘﺭﻻﺍ ﺔﻁﻘﻨ ﻲﻬﻓ،ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻲﻫ ﻭ،ﻩﺭﺴﺄﺒ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻭ ﻪﺘﻴﻤﻫﻷ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ﺭﻭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺎﺒ ﻰﻅﺤﻴ . ﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻙﺸ ﻻ ﻭ ﻲ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﺘ ﺎﻔﺘ ﻊﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﻡﻫﺃ ﺩﻌﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ لﺒ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻭ ﻡﻗ ﻡﻭﻴ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤﻭﻴ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ .

4 ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃ : ﺇ ﺔﻴﺘﺍﺫ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﺘ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﺃ ﻲﻨﺘﻠﻌﺠ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﻥ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ . ﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﺘﺍﺫ ﺔﻴ : ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻥﺇ ﻤ ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻕﻠﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ــ ﻥ ﻲﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘ ﻡﻏﺭ،ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻉﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻗ ﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ،ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤ ﺎﻤﻝ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻲﻀﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺠﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ،ﻥﺍﺭﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻴ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻪﺤﺭﻁﻴ ﻀﻓ ﻥﻋ ﺍﺯﺠﺎﻋ ﺎﻬ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻻﺃ ﺽﺭﺘﻔﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻗﻼﺨﻷﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺀﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﻉﺍﺯﻨ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺍﺩﺒﺃ ، ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺘﺎﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺕﺭﺘﺨﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ، ﹼﻠﻋ ﻲﻨ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ لﻴﻠﻘﺘﻠﻝ لﺤ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫﺎﺴﺃ . ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻴ ﺭﺜﺅﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﺭﻜﺘﻤ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺎﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﺤﺼ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺤﺍﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺒﻠﺴ ﺎﻬﻴﻀﻘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﻠﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﺴﻝ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻝﺯﻨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺤﺍﺭﻝﺍ لﺠﺃ ﺔ ، ﻭ لﻐﺸﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﺒﻋﺃ ﺓﺭﺜﻜ ﻭ لﺯﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻁﻐﻀ ﻊﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﺤ ﻭ ﺔﺒﻭﻌﺼ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺯﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭ، ﻥﻴﺒ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﻨﺎﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺩﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﺤ ﻪﻜﺍﺭﺩﺇ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻋ ﻭ ﻑﻴﻨﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻨﻴﺩ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺎﻨﺒﺴﺘﻜﺍ ﺎﻤ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﻲﻀﺎﻐﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﺤﺘ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀﻝ ﻡﺍﺭﺘﺤﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻨﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﻤﺤﺘ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﻠ .

5 ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ : ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﻌﻝﺍ لﻤﻋ،ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﺱﻜﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻌﻓ ﺔﻴﺎﻤﺤ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﻹ ﻥﻴﺩﻫﺎﺠ ﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘ ﻥﺎﻤﻀ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺎﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﻭ،ﺭﺭﻀﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺠﻠﻝ ﺔﻝﺎ ﻪﺒ ﻕﺤﻼﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻋ ﻻﺩﺎﻋ ﺎﻀﻴﻭﻌﺘ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺽﻐﺒ ﻭ،ﻑﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺩ ﺎﻤ، ﺙﻭﺩﺤ ﺄﻁﺨ ﺙﻭﺩﺤ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺄﻁﺨﺒ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ . ﻩﺫﻫ لﻴﺼﺄﺘﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﺘ ﻻ ﺔﻝﺄﺴﻤ ﺏﺴﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻗﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻠﻝ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻭ ﺹﺎﺨ ﻲﻨﻭﻨﺎﻗ ﺹﻨﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﺩﺭﻓﺃ ﻭ،ﺔﻴﻌﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﻏﺃ ﺎﻬﺘ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﻡﻴﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﺒﻓ،ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﺴﺘﻴ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝ ﻬﺌﺎﻔﺘﻨﺎﺒ ﻭ،ﻩﺭﻓﺍﻭﺘ ﺔﻝﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻘﻘﺤﺘﺒ ﺎ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺭﻓﺍﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻌﻝ ﺏﺴﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘ . ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤ ﺭﺍﺭﻗﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻓ ﻉﺎﻤﺠﺇ ﻡﻏﺭﻓ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻋ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺇ،ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺸ ﺎﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﺍﻭﻔﻠﺘﺨﺍ ﻡﻬﻨﺃ ﻻ ﹸﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻰﻨﺒ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﺇ ﺕﺀﺎﺠ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤ ﻭ،ﺎﻫﺭﺍﺭﻗﻹ ﺎﺒﺒﺴ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ . ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﺇ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ : ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﺇ ﺡﺭﻁﺘ،ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺩﻌﻴ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺩﻗ ﻭ، ﻡﻫﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﺇ ﺒ ﻪﺘﺭﺎﺜﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﻫ ﻭ،ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻴ

6 ﻥﻋ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝ ﻲﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﻴﻜﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﺇ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻙﻝﺫﺒ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﻜ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ : ﺸﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻠﻝ ﻡﻴﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ؟ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺌ ﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻠﻝ ﻲﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﻴﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻌﺒ ﻭﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ؟ . ﻤ لﻴﺼﺄﺘ ﻥﻷ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ﻭ ﺱﻴﻝ ﺎﻬﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻗ ﺔﻝﺄﺴ ،ﻉﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻬﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻭﻫ لﺒ ﺔﻤﻬﻤ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﺍ ﺩﻗ ﻭ،ﻪﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﻻﻭﺘﻴ ﻱﺃﺭ لﻜ ﺩﻘﻨ ﻭ ﻪﻀﺍﺭﻌﺘﺴﺍ لﻭﺎﺤﺃ ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺸ ﺎﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ . ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ : ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺔﹼﻠﻗ ﻥﺎﻴﺒ ﻕﺒﺴ ﺩﻘﻝ ﺒ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻡﻏﺭ ﺔﻝﺄﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺢﻀﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻉﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻗﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﺇ، ،ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺭﺎﺠﺒ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻘﺤﻠﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺄﺸﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺹﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻴﻏ ﻥﺃ ﻙﺸﻻ ﻭ،ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺭﻀﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﺤﺄﺒ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺌﺸﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻠﻝ ﻲﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺎﻏﺍﺭﻓ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ . ﻩﺍﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺩﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻭ ﻱﺭﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻘﻔﻠﻝ ﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷ ﺩﺍﺭﻤ ﺭﺩﻴﺤ ﻥﺴﺤ ﺩﻭﻤﺤﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﺍﻭﻨﻋ :" ﻲﻋﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﻴﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﺸﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻠﻝ ﻲﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺌ

7 ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ " ﻙﻝﺫ،ﺎﻬﺘﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﻭ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻷﺍ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﺁ ﺽﺍﺭﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻌﻨﺎﻤ ﺩﺠﺃ ﻡﻝ ﻭ، ﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻬﺒﺎﺸﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻨﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻷ ﺎﻫﺍﻭﺤﻓ ﻭ ﺎﻬﺼﻭﺼ . ﻝﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ : ﻘﻝ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺕﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺩ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻭ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﺁ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺩﻨﺘﺴﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻭﺼﻭﻠﻝ،ﺎﻫﺩﻘﻨ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻋ . ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻱﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻪﺘﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﺇ ﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻠﻝ ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺱﻔﻨ ﺕﻠﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﺎﻤﻜ،ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀ ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻝﺄﺴﻤ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺽﺭﻌﺘﺃ ﺓﺭﻤ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ . ﻭ ،ﻥﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ،ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ﻡﻏﺭ ﺕﺭﺭﻁﻀﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻭ،ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﺤﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻴﺒ ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤﻠﻝ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻭ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﻥ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ . ﺏﻴﻭﺒﺘ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ : لﺼﻔﺒ ﻥﻴﻗﻭﺒﺴﻤ ﻥﻴﻨﺜﺍ ﻥﻴﺒﺎﺒ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻨﺜ ﺔﻁﺨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘﺒ ﺕﻤﻗ ﺩﻘﻝ ﻲﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻭ ﻱﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘ :

8 ﻱﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ : ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻋ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻝﺍ : ﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠ ﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﺎ : ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻋ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﺍﺭﺘﻗﺍ ﻭ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ لﺼﻭﺘﺃ ﺎﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻤﻀﺃ ﺔﻤﺘﺎﺨ .

9 ﻱﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ : ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻠﻝ ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻲﻫ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺕﻗﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﻕﺤﻭ ﻲﺘﺍﺫ ﻕﺤ ) 1 ( ، ﺼﻘﻴﻭ ﺩ ﻘﺤ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜﺒ ﺎ ﻁﻘﻓ ﻪﺒﺤﺎﺼ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺼﺘﻘﻴ ﻕﺤ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﺎﻴﺘﺍﺫ ) 2 ( ، ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺀﻲﺸﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺘﺍﺫ ﺔﻁﻠﺴ ﻪﻝ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻱﺃ ﺎﻗﺎﻁﻨ ﺕﺎﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﺴﻭﺃ ﻲﻫ ﻪﺘﻁﻠﺴﻭ ،ﻪﻜﻠﻤﻴ ، ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺒ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻑﺭﺼﺘﻴﻭ ﻪﻠﻐﺘﺴﻴﻭ ﻪﻠﻤﻌﺘﺴﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻠﻓ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻓﺭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻗ لﺼﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ ﻑﻼﺘﺇ ﻘﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻙﻝﺫ لﻜﻭ ،ﺀﻲﺸﻝﺍ ﺎ ﺢﻝﺎﺼﻤﻝ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﺠﺎﺤﻝ ﺀﺎﻓﻭﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ . ﺎﻤﺃ ﻘﺤ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜ ﻥﻋ ﺎ ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤﻝﺎﻓ ،ﺎﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﺒ ﻑﺼﺘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻕﺤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻥﻤﺎﻀﺘﻝﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻤ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﺠﻭﺒ ﻲﻀﻘﻴ ﺭﺯﺂﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﺃ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ . ﻥﻤ ﺩﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺌﺎﻋﺩﻝﺍ ، ﻷ ﻲﻓ ﻭﻀﻋ ﻭﻫ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻥ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻥﻴﻜﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻴ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﻥﺃ ﺹﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻬﺠﺒ ﻪﻜﻠﻤ ﺏﺴﺘﻜﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻘﻓ ،ﻁﻘﻓ ﺩ ﻩﺩﻭﻬﺠ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺎﺴ ﻼﻓ ،ﻪﻜﻠﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺼﺤﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻙﺸ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺤﻝ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﺒﺘ ) 3 ( ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺸﻴﻭ ، ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺤﻝ ) 1 ( ،ﻱﺭﻭﻬﻨﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ﻕﺍﺯﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻁﻴﺴﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺸ ، ﺀﺯﺠﻝﺍ 8 ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺤ ، لﺍﻭﻤﻷﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻸﻝ لﺼﻔﻤ ﺡﺭﺸ ﻊﻤ ﺀﺎﻴﺤﺇ ﺭﺍﺩ ، ،ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻝ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ 1969 ﺹ ، 554 . ) 2 ( ،ﺔﻓﺭﻋ ﺏﺎﻫﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺩﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻤﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻕﺤ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﺒﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﻌﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﻘﺤﻝﺍﻭ ، ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ﺭﺼﻤ ،ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻨﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍﻭ 2008 ﺹ، 69 . ) 3 ( -،ﻱﺭﻭﻬﻨﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ﻕﺍﺯﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺝ ،ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻁﻴﺴﻭﻝﺍ 8 ﺹ ،ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ، 554 .

10 ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜﺒ ﻝ ﻕﺤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬ ﺫ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻬﻔﻴﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺤﻝ ﻥﺃ ﻙﻝ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻭﻌﺘ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻓ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﺃ ﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻠ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻤ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺭﻤ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴ ﻕ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝ ﻪﻝﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ . ﺒ ،ﻑﺎﻜ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺤﻝ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺎﺒ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺩﺭﺠﻤ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴ ل ﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﻴﺴﺠﺘ ﺽﺭ ﻭ ،ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻻ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻴ ﺘ ،ﺩﻭﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤ ﻥﺍﺭﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻤﻝ ﻪﻜﻠﻤﻝ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝ . ﺃ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻴﻗ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻉﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻗ ،ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﺴﻗﻭ ﺩﺭﺘ ﺩﻭﻴﻗ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﻤ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺭﺘ ﺩﻭﻴﻗﻭ ،ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻤﻠﻝ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺹﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺩﻗﻭ،ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻤﻠﻝ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ 690 ﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻨﺎ ﻝﺍ ﻤ ﻲﻨﺩ ﺘﻝﺍﻭ ، ﻲ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺀﺎﺠ : " ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺠﻴ ﺭﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤ ﻪﻘﺤ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻋﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﻲﻀﻘﺘ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍﻭ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ "... . ﻀﻘﺘ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺤﻝ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺎﻓ ﻲ ﺘ ﻪﻨﺄﺒ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻨﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺠ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻤﻭ ﻥﻴﻜﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺠﻭ لﻤﻜﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﺅﺘ ﻰﺘﺤ ، . ﻤﻭ ﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥ ﻁ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﺕﺄﺸﻨ ﻕﻠ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ، ﺕﻝ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺩﻭﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺌﺍﺩ ﻊﻴﺴﻭﺘﺒ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﺩﺤﺒ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻁﻠﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺭﺘ . ) 4 ( ،لﻀﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺴﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺭﺫﻨﻤ ﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻴ ﻲﻌﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﺒﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩ ، ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ 1988 ﺹ ، 6 .

11 ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺍﺯﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺄﺸﻨ ﺩﻭﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻊﻴﺴﻭﺘﺒﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺯﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻌﺒ ﺭﺍﺭﻀﻹﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺍﺭﺭﻀ ﻩﺭﺎﺠﺒ ﻑﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﺫﻫ ، ﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻡﺍﺯﺘﻝﻻﺍ ﺍ ﻩﺫﻔﻨ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺴ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻬﺒﺠﻭﻤﺒ ﻊﻨﺘﻤﻴ لﺎﻤﻋﺄﺒ ،ﻩﺭﺎﺠﺒ ﺓﺭﺎﻀ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﺔﻴﺒﺎﺠﻴﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺍﺯﺘﻝﻻﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺎﻬﺒﺠﻭﻤﺒ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺄﺒ لﺎﻤﻋﺃ ،ﻩﺭﺎﺠ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻤ ﻕﻘﺤﺘ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﺡﺎﻤﺴﻝﺎﻜ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺃ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺽﺭ ﺭﻭﺭﻤﻠﻝ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﻡﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻘﺒ ﻑﻭﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺯﺘﻝﻻﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺩﻴ ﺔﻝﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻘﻌﻝﺍ ـ ﺭﺎ ﺼﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭ ﻤﺍﺯﺘﻝﻻﺎﺒ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ لﻼﺨﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺘﺭﺘﻴﻭ ﺕﺎ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ،ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺴ ﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤ ﻨﻋ ﺄﺸﻨﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴ ﺔﺒﻝﺎﻁﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺭﻀﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻕﺤ ﺎﻬ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺒ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺎ (1) ، ﻭ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺠﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻩﺅﺍﺩﺃ ﻪﻨﻭﻜﻝ ﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺍﺭﺭﻀ ﻩﺭﺎﺠﺒ ﻕﺤﻝ ﻑﻭﻝﺄﻤ ، ﺍﺭﻤﺃ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻋ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﺒ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﻜﻫﻭ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻠﻝ ﺎﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﺎﻴﻤﺘﺤﻭ ﺎﻴﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺤﻝ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ، ﻥﻤﺎﻀﺘﻝﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻤﻝ ﺎﺴﻴﺭﻜﺘﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ . ﺭﻤ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﻭﻫ لﺒ ،ﺎﺘﺒﺎﺜ ﺎﻤﺎﻅﻨ ﺱﻴﻝ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﺯ لﺤﺍﺭﻤﺒ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻭﻫ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺼﻭ . ﻤﺒ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻲﻫ ﺩﻭﻴﻗﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﺍﺯﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻤﻀﺘﺘ ﺎ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺘﻤ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻠﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺃ ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺭﺜ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺃ ﻪﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ،ﺎﻫﺭﺜﺃ ﻡﻗﺎﻔﺘ ﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﻋ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺜ ،ﺭﺎﻀﻤ (1) ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻅﻨﺃ 693 ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ .

12 ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﺄﺴﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ،ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻓ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ لﻐﺸﺘ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻗ ﺔﻝ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﻹﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺤﻭﺭﻁﻤﻝﺍ . ﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻹﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﻹﺍ لﻭﺼﻭﻠﻝ لﺤﺍﺭﻤ ﺓﺩﻌﺒ ﺭﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻀﺘﻘﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﺭﺍﺭﻗﺇ ﻥﻋ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤ لﻜ لﺒﻗ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴﻭ ، ﺭﻤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﺯﻝﺍ لﺤﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺭﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺕ ، ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻱﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺴﻗ ﻪﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺒﻤ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﺃ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻭﻷﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝ ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺜ ،ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﻁﺘﺃ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ .

13 لﻭﻷﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ : ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝ ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﺒ ﺎﻘﻴﺜﻭ ﺎﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﻴ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻙﺸ ﻻﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺩﻌﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ،ﺭﺎﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺌﺸﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨ ﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯﻭ ﻊﻴﺴﻭﺘ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺏﺘﺭﺘﻴ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻥ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ . ،ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝ ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺭﻬﻅﺘ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ ﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﺒ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻥﺁ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺭﺜﺄﺘﻭ ﻡﺎﻅ . ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺎﻓ ﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ لﻜﻜ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻨ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﺯ لﺤﺍﺭﻤﺒ ﺕ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﺃ ﺕﻠﺼﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻴﻠﻋ ﻲﻫ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﻏﺭﻭ ،ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺎﻬ ﻻﺇ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻻ لﺍﺯﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﺤ ﻥﻵﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﺜﺇ ﺓﺭ ﺵﺎﻘﻨﻠﻝ ﺙﺎﺤﺒﻷﺍﻭ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻤﻫﻷ ،ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﻬﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ لﻌﻝﻭ ﺕﺩﺠﺘﺴﺍ ﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺕﻠﻌﺠ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ لﻤﺍﻭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﺘ ،ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﺙﻭﺩﺤ ﺹﺭﻓ ﺎﻬﻌ ،ﺩﺎﻬﺘﺠﻼﻝ ﺔﺒﺼﺨ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﺃ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺫﺇ ﺢﺒﺼﺃ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤﻝ ﺃ ﺔﻴﻤﻫ ﺩﻋﺎﺴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻐﻝﺎﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﻴﻨﻘﺘ ﺀﺎﺴﺭﺇﻭ ،ﺎﻫﺭﻭﻁﺘ

14 لﻴﻗ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﺩﻌﺘ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻝ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠﻝ ﺎﻬﻝﻭﻤﺸﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ،ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻨﻘﺘﻠ ﺹﺎﺨﺸﻷﺍ ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷﺍﻭ لﺍﻭﻤﻷﺍﻭ (1) . ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺩﻌﻴﻭ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻗ ،ﺔﻨﺭﻤ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﺒ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﻥﺎﻤﺯﻝ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻨ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﻷ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻭﺃ ، ،ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻭ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺔﻴﺠﺍﻭﺩﺯﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺩﺤﻭ لﻭﺤ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ، لﻌﺠ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻘﻴﺭﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻭﻤﺴﻘﻨﻴ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍ ) 2 ( ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻥﻋ ﻊﻓﺍﺩﻴ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺤﻭ ﺩﻴﺅﻴ لﻭﻷﺍ ، ﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﺍﻭﺩﺯﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺼﻘﺘ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻋ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤ ،ﻥﻴﻋﻭﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﻤﺎﺴﻘﻨﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭ . ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﺒﻜﺍﻭﻤﻝ ﺍﺭﻁﻀﻤ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻉﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺠﻴ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﺒﻭ ﺔﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺄﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﻁﻐﺘﻝ ﻲﻔﻜﺘ ،ﺔﻤﺌﻼﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻗ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻗ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ . ﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻬﺘﺠﺍ ﺭﻭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻤﺇ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻪﻤﺎﻤﺃ ﺔﺤﻭﺭﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨﻠﻝ لﻭﻠﺤ ﺔﻴﺩﻗﺎﻌﺘ ﺕﺎﻤﺍﺯﺘﻝﺎﺒ لﻼﺨﻹﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺎﻤﺇﻭ ،ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻠﻝ ﻕﺤﺘﺴﻤ لﻌﻓ . ﺓﺩﺌﺎﺴ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻘﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤ ﻡﻫﺃﻭ ﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻏﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘ ) 3 ( ﺕﺍﺭﻭﻁﺘﻠﻝ ﺓﺭﻴﺎﺴﻤ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﺒ ﺎﻬﻝﺍﺩﺒﺘﺴﺍﻭ ، (1) ،ﺩﻴﻌﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﻤ ﻱﻭﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ، ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﺸﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻁﻠﻝ ﺔﺜﺍﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ، ،ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻝ ،ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭ 186 ﺹ ، 5 . ) 2 ( ،ﻱﺩﺍﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﺼﻤ ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺄﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺼﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻁﻠﻝ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﻁﻝﺍ ، ،ﻁﺎﺒﺭﻝﺎﺒ 2001 ﺹ ، 22 . ) 3 ( ﺹ ،ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺩﻴﻌﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﻤ 8 .

15 ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺴﺎﺤﺃ ﺎﻬﻌﻤ ﺕﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻀﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺄﺒ ﻡﻬﺘﻋﺎﻨﻗ ﻭ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺢﺒﺼﺃ ﹼﻼﺤ لﻀﻓﺃ ﻡﺎﻘﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ . لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝ ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺢﻀﺘﺘ ،ﻕﺒﺴ ﺎﻤﻤﻭ ﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﺃ ﻥﻴﺒﻠﻁﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺕﻤﺴﻗ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻱﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺽﺭﻌﺘﺃ ﻡﺜ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻭ ﺓﺄﺸﻨ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ . ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﻷﺍ : ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻭ ﺓﺄﺸﻨ ﻜﺘﺭﻻﺍ ﺔﻁﻘﻨ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺘ لﺒ ،ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺯﺎ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻠﻝ ﻩﺭﺴﺄﺒ ) 1 ( ، ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻬﻔﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﺄﻴﺴﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻤ ﻉﻭﻨ لﻜ ﻡﻭ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ . ﻲﻓ ﺔﻓﻭﺭﻌﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻥﻜﺘ ﻡﻝﻭ ﺭﻘﺘﺴﺘ ﻡﻝﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﻜﺘﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﺴﻷﺍ ،ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺭﻤ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻭ لﻤﺍﻭﻌﺒ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﺭﺜﺄﺘ لﺤﺍﺭﻤﺒ ﺎﻫﺭ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ) 2 ( ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻭ ، . ﻭﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻻﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻌﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻴﻝﺎﺤ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺕﺭﻘﺘﺴﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻓﺩﻨﻴﻭ ،ﻪﺴﻔﻨﻝ ﺭﺄﺜﻴ ﻙﺍﺫﻨﺁ ﺩﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﺎ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻝ ﺽﺭﻌﺘ ﺃ ،ﻰﺘ ﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻡﺎﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺠ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺏﺘﺭﺘﺘ ﺕﻨ ) 1 ( ،ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺩﻝﺎﺨ ﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴ ﺽﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻜﺤﻤ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﺃ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺼﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ، 2009 ﺹ ، 8 . ) 2 ( ﺹ ،ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺩﻴﻌﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﻤ 18 .

16 ﺏﻭﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﺸﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﻲﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺹﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﺒﻗ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﻴﺸﻋ ﺼﻝﺍ ﻴﻐ ـ ﺓﺭ ) 1 ( ﺒﻤ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻜﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺍﺫﻜﻫﻭ ﺒ ﻲﻀﻘﻴ ﻡﺎﻋ ﺃﺩ ﺞﺘﻨﻴ ﺄﻁﺨ لﻜ ﻥﺄ ﺭﺭﻀ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻕﺤﻝﺍ لﻭﺨﻴ ) 2 ( ، ﺌﺍﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺌﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺹﺎﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺄﺜﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ـ ﻊ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ، ﻜ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻘﺒ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﻜ ﺏﺎﻴﻏ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ،ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﺎ ﺘ ﻡﺩﻋﻭ ﻠﺨﺩ ﻬ ،ﺎ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﺎﻘﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤﻠﻝ ﺎﻤﺯﻻ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺜﺄ ﻘﺴ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻁﻭ ﺓﺭﺭﻜﺘﻤ ﺔﻔﺼﺒﻭ ﺎﻴﻤﻭﻴ ﺎﻴﺎﺤﻀﻝﺍ . ﺹﺎﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘﺒ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﻠﺨﺩﺘ ﻡﺜ ﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺭﻭﺭﻀﻤﻠﻝ ﺕﺯﺎﺠﺄﻓ ، ﺜ ،ﻪﺴﻔﻨﻝ ﺭﺄ ﺃﻭ ﻯﺫﻷﺍ ﻕﺤﻠﻴ ﻥ ﻝﺍ لﺨﺩﺘ ﺩﺍﺩﺯﺍ ﻡﺜ ،ﻩﺯﻭﺎﺠﻴ ﻻﺃﻭ ﺎﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺍﺩﺤ ﻲﻋﺍﺭﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻁﻴﺭﺸ ،ﻩﺭﻴﻐﺒ ﺔﻝﻭﺩ ﻩﺭﺄﺜﻭ ﺹﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤﻠﻝ ﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺹﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻌﻨﻤ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﻪﺴﻔﻨﻝ ﻪﻘﺤ ﺭﺍﺭﻗﺇﻭ ﺹﺎﺼ ﻪﺒ ﻕﺤﻝ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﺒﻝﺎﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻁﻘﻓ ) 3 ( . ﺭﻭﺭﻤﺒﻭ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﺍﺩﺌﺎﺴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻸﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻥﻤ ﺹﺎﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻻﺩﺒ ﺔﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ لﺼﻭﺘ ،ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺕﺃﺩﺒﻓ ،ﺭﺎﻀﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﻜﺘﺭﻤ ) 1 ( ،ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺇ ﻲﻠﻀﺎﻓ ﻡﺍﺯﺘﻝﻼﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺯﻴﺠﻭﻝﺍ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﺒﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩ ، 2009 ﺹ ، 172 . ) 2 ( ﺹ ،ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻱﺩﺍﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﺼﻤ ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ 55 . ) 3 ( ، ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺇ ﻲﻠﻀﺎﻓ ﻡﺍﺯﺘﻝﻼﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺯﻴﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﺹ ،ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ، 173 .

17 ﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺔ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﻴﻗ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺼ ﻡﺜ ،ﻡﻭﺼﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻕﺎﻔﺘﻻﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﺒﺠﺇ ﺔ ﺩﺤﻤﻭ ﺎﻨﻭﻨﺎﻗﻭ ﺎﻓﺭﻋ ﺓﺩ ) 1 ( . ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ لﺨﺩﺘ ﻙﻝﺫﺒ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ، ﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻡﻝ ﺔ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺒﻭﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﻠﺨﻴ ﻪﻨﻭﻜﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻨﺠﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﻔﻴ ) 2 ( ، ﻥﻤﻭ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻼ ﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﺯ ﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ل ﺴ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﻭﺘﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅ ﺔﻌﺒﺎﺘﻤ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﺎﺨﺸﻷﺍ ﻥﻋ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ،ﺎﻬﺒ ﻥﻭﻤﻭﻘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﻭﺘﻴ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﺒﻝﺎﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ . ﹼﻅﻨ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻨﻭ ،ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﺒﻝﺎﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﻤ ﹼﻅ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺎﻬﻨﺎﻜﺭﺃ ﻲﺒﺍﺭﻭﻤﺎﺤ ﺔﻌﻴﺭﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺩﻘﻓ ، ﻡﻭﻘﺘ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﻀﻝﺍ ﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﺜﻼﺜ ﻥﺎﻜﺭﺃ ﺭﻓﺍﻭﺘﺒ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻭ ،ﻥﻴﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘ ﺩﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒﻜﺘﺭﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ل ﺔﻴﺒﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍﻭ،ﺭﺎﻀﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﺭﻷﺍ ﺱﻔﻨ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻅﺤﻼﻴﻭ ، ﺍ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝ . ﺎﻤﻜ ﺃ ﺤ ﺔﻌﻴﺭﺸ ﺕﺭﻗ ﺎ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻏﺭ ،ﻱﻭﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻥﻴﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺍﺭﻭﻤ ﻱﻭﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ لﻭﺒﻗ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺭﻴﺴﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ) 3 ( ﺩﻘﻓ ، ) 1 ( ،لﻀﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺴﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺭﺫﻨﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺍﺯﺘﻝﻼﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ، ﺔﻴﻌﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻨﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ، لﻭﻷﺍ ﺀﺯﺠﻝﺍ ) ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ ﻡﺍﺯﺘﻝﻻﺍ ( ،ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤ ، ﻥﺩﺭﻷﺍ ،ﻥﺎﻤﻋ 1996 ﺹ ، 336 . ) 2 ( ،ﻲﻠﻋ ﺩﻭﻤﺤﻤ ﺩﻴﺭﺩ ﻡﺍﺯﺘﻝﻼﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ،ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻝ ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﺔﻴﻗﻭﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﻠﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤ ،ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ،ﻡﺍﺯﺘﻝﻻﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ ،لﻭﻷﺍ ﻡﺴﻘﻝﺍ ، 2012 ﺹ ، 349 . ) 3 ( -ﺹ ،ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺩﻴﻌﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﻤ 6 .

18 ﻡﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺫﻴﺈﻜ ﻱﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺍﺭﻭﻤﺎﺤ ﺔﻌﻴﺭﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ لﻤﺸ ، ﻱﻭﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍﻭ ﺸﻝﺍ لﺜﻤ ﺭﻭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺫﻴﺈﻜ ﺔﻌﻤﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﺭ ) 1 ( . ﻡﻏﺭﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﻗﺇ ﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺩ ،ﺔﻴﻨ ﻻﺇ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ ﻡﻝ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺄﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﺄﻜ ﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺴ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅ ﻰﺘﺤ ،ﺭﻴﻐﻠﻝ ﺭﺭﻀ ﻕﻘﺤﺘ ﻰﺘﻤ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺄﻁﺨﻝ ﻪﺒﺎﻜﺘﺭﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺹﺨﺸ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼ ﻭﻝ ﻕﻘﺤﺘ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﺒ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺹﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺒ ﺩﺼ ﺩ ﻙﻭﻠﺴﺒ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻱﺩﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻁﺭﺸ ﻥﻜﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺄﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻝ ﻡﺎﻴﻘ ﻡﺍﺩ ﺎﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻓﺭﺼﺘ ﺏﻗﺍﻭﻋ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠ ﻁﺴﻭ ﺵﻴﻌﻴ ﻪﻝﺎﻌﻓﺃﻭ ﺩﻭﻌﺘ ﻻ ﺩﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻨﻤﺎﻀﺘ ،ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﺤﺘﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤ ﺎﺒﻝﺎﻏ لﺒ ،ﻁﻘﻓ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ) 2 ( . ﺎﻴﺩﻠﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻨ ﺭﻴﺭﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺎﻫ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺔﻴﻭﺎﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺩﻘﺘﻌﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍ ﻁﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺄﺜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﻏﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ،ﺔﺌ ﺹﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﺘ ﻡﺯﻼﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﻡﺎﻘﺘﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﺭ ﺭﻭﻌﺸﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻝﺍ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﺘﺅﻴ ﻲﺘ ، ﻭﻫﻭ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﺭﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺘﺤﻴ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﺘﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻫﺭﺸﻭ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﺭﻴﺨ ﺦﻴﺴ ﻪﻝﻭﻘﻝ ﺎﻗﺍﺩﺼﻤ ،ﺄﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻰﻝﺎﻌﺘ ":

-mark- /fathah

ﺏﺎﺒﻝﺍ لﻭﻷﺍ : ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺩﻌﺘ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻗ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺸﻴﺎﻋ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﺯ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻴﻅﺤ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻨﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻴﻅﺤ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻭ ﻪﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺎﺒ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺃ ﺩﻗﻭ ، ﺕﺫﺨ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺎﺨ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺼ ، ﻙﻝﺫ ﻊﺠﺭﻴﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﻪﺘﻓﺭﻋ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺭﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﻡﺠﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺩﻴﺍﺯﺘﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﻀﻷﺍ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻭ ﺯ ﻲﻓ لﻤﺘﺤﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻕﺒﺎﺴ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻌﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺒ ﻹﺎ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﻤﺤﺘ ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻠ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻁﻭﻐﻀ ﺓﺭﺜﻜﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻀﻭ ﻪﻌﻤ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﺩﻗ ﻡﻬﻤ ﻪﻋﻭﺠﺭ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺔﺤﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻪﻝﺯﻨﻤ . ﻉﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ، ﻪﻨ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻁﺭﺘﺸﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺍﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ـ ﺔ ﻥــﻤ ﻥﻴﺒﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ، ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻨ 691 ﻥﻤ ﻘﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎ ﻤ ﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺩ ﺠ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯ ﻴﻓ ﺀﺎﺠ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻬ ﺎـ : " ﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺠﻴ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝ ﻘﺤ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻑﺴﻌﺘﻴ ﻻ ﻥﺃ ،ﻪ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻩﺭﺎﺠ ﻙﻠﻤﺒ ﺭﻀﻴ ﺩﺤ ﺭﺎﺠﻠﻝ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺭﺎﺠ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﺠﺭﻴ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ، ﻪﻝ ﺯﻭﺠﻴ ﻪﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺏﻠﻁﻴ ﺔﻝﺍﺯﺇ ﺭﺎﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺇ ﺍﺫ ﻲﻀﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ،ﻑﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻋﺍﺭﻴ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ لﻜ ﻊﻗﻭﻤﻭ ،ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻭ ﻑﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﻥﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺽﺭﻐﻝﺍﻭ ، ﻪﻝ ﺕﺼﺼﺨ ."

ﻔﻓ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻨﻤ لﺒﺎﻘﻤ ﻲ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻕﺤﻠﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻜﻠﻤ ﺭﺍﺭﻀﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤ ،ﻩﺭﺎﺠﻝ ﺯﻝﺃ ﻡ ﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻉﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ لﻤﺤﺘﺒ ﺭﺍﺭﻀﻷﺍ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﺩﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺎﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﺨﺒ ﻥﺍﺭﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺢﻤﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻀﻷﺍﻭ ﻔﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺎﻬﻀﺭ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺭﻔﻤ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ، ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻨﺌﺎﻜ ﺎ ﻋ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴ ﺎﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﻠ ﻲﻓ ﺵﻴﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﻴ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠ ، ﻩﺩﺭﻔﻤﺒ ﻪﺸﻴﻋ ﺔﻝﺎﺤﺘﺴﻻ . ﺭﺸﻤﻝﺎﻓ ﻋ ﺏﺘﺭﺘﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻨ ﻩﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺤﻀﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻉ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤ ﻪﻴﻠ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﻭﺃ ﻪﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻀﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ــ ﺭﺭ ﺵﺤﺎﻔﻝﺍ ) 1 ( . ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤ ﺩﺩﺤﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻉﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻅﺤﻼﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺍ ﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻝ ﺎ ﻻ ﻡﺃ ، ﺎﻓ ﻑﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﺩﻗ ،ﺎﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﻕﺒﺎﺴ ﺕﻗﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﻀﻝ ،ﻲﻝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ،ﺢﻴﺤﺼ ﺱﻜﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻭ ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻑﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﺩﻗ ﺩﻌﻴ ﺫ ﺱﻜﻋ ،ﺭﺨﺃ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝ ﻪﻠﻤﺘﺤﻴ ﺎﻤﻓ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﺴ ﻊﻨﺎﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺨﺩﻭ ﺞﻴﺠﻀﻝﺎﻜ ﺭﺍﺭﻀﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻥﺎﻜﺴ ﻑﻴﺭﻝﺍ ﺃ ﺭﺭﻀ ﺍ ﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔ ﻡﻬﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘ ، ﻥﺍﺭﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺢﻤﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺎﻤﻋ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻋ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﻻ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ،ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺕﻔﻠﺘﺨﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ،لﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻁﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻡﻬﻀﻌﺒﺒ ﻥﺍﺭﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻀ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻊﺠﺭﻴ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺽﻌﺒﻝﺍ ،لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻕﺒﺴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺘﺭﺘﻴﻭ ،ﺔﺤﺍﺭﻠﻝ ﻁﻘﻓ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﻊﺠﺭﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﺯﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺨ ﻪﺘﻗﻭ ﻡﻅﻌﻤ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺀﺎﻀﻗﻭ ) 1 ( ،را  
ا   ﺱا ا  ا لﺱا  ،تو ،ا  ، 1977 ص ، 126

ﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﺘﺤﺍ ﻡﺩﻋ ﺎﻤﺘﺤ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺇﻭ ،ﻩﺭﺎﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻘﺤﻠﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﻀﻠﻝ ﺭﺎﺠ ﻯﺭﻴ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻥ ﻪﻠﻤﺤﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻑﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﺭﺭﻀ ﻪﻨﺄﺒ . لﺎﻜﺸﻹﺎﻓ ﻪﺤﺭﻁﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤ ﻭﻫ ﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ﺎ ﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻻ ﻡﺃ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺜﻜ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺏﺘﺭﺘﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻱﺫﻝ ﻥﺍﺭﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ، ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺭﺍﺭﻀﻷﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ لﻭﺤ ﻡﻬﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻷﺍ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻲﻀﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺠﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻪﺒﺒﺴﺒ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤ ﻥﺍﺭﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺓﺩﻴﺍﺯﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨﻠﻝ لﻭﻠﺤ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﻥﻋ ﺍﺯﺠﺎﻋ ، ﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻔﻜ ﻡﺩﻋ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﺭﻴﻏ ،ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻭﻌﻴ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺒﺴﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻥﺄﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺍﺭﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻓﺭﻌﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻴﺴﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻠﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ،ﻡ ﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﺨﻝﺍ ﻪﺠﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ، ﻭ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻪﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨﻝﺍ . ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻓﺭﻋ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺃ ﻪﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻪ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺜ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺌﺸﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻀﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺭﺩﻗ لﻤﺤﺘ ﺏﻭﺠﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺽﺭﻓ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺫﺨﺄﺘ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤﻭ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻻﺎﻜﺸﺃ . ﻭ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻓ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺔﺌﺸﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺯﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺭﻭﻁﺘﻤ ﺎﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﺎﻌﻗﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﺘ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﺒ ﺍ ،ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺎ ﻲﻋﺩﺘﺴﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷ ﺩﺤﺘﺴﺍ ﺔﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤﻝ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻨﺎﻗ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻗ ﺙﺍ ﻭ ﺔﺠﺘﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺽﻓ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻥﻋ .

ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻲﻨﻔﻗﻭﺘﺴﻴﻭ " ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ " ﺫﺨﻷﺍ ﺏﺒﺴ لﻭﺤ ﻻﺅﺎﺴﺘ ﺡﺭﻁﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ، ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺘﺒ " ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ " ﻻﺩﺒ ﻥﻤ " ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻀﺃ " ﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ، ﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺘ ﻋ ﺭﺎﻀﻤﻝ ،ﺔﻴﺒﻨﺠﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﻨﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺌﺎﺴ ﺭﺍﺭﻏ ﻰﻠ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﺠ ﺙﻴﺤ 691 / 02 : " ﺭﺎﺠ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﺠﺭﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺎﺠﻠﻝ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ ﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ،ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻩ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻝ ﺯﻭﺠﻴ ﻪﻨ ﻑﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺭﺎﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻝﺍﺯﺇ ﺏﻠﻁﻴ ... " ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺘﻓ ، " ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ " ﻲﻫ ﺩﺎﻬﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﻝﻭ ﻲﺌﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﺍﻭ ﻑﺍﺭﻋﻷﺍ ﻊﻨﺼ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺩﻴﻝﺎﻘﺘﻝ ) 1 ( ﻴﻤﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ ، ،ﺔﻠﻘﺘﺴﻤﻭ ﺓﺯ ﻬﻔﻤ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ،ﺓﺩﻋ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ لﻤﺘﺤﻴ ﻥﺭﻤ ﻡﻭ لﺒﻗ ﺎﻬﻤﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﻪﻨ ﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺒ ﺔﻁﺎﺤﻹﺍ ﺒ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ،ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀ ﻡﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻷﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻡﺜ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻠﻝ ﺭﻀ ﺍ ﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻭ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ ،ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﺔ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﺃ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ . ) 1 ( ﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺏﺎﺴﻜ ﻥﺍﻭﺭﻤ ،ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭ ﺹ 11 .

ﺼﻔﻝﺍ لﻭﻷﺍ ل : ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﻤ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻴﻗ ﺩﻘﻝ ﻌﺒ ﻪﻜﻠﻤ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺤ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻉﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺩ ،ﻩﺭﺎﺠﺒ ﺭﺍﺭﻀﻹﺍ ﻡﺩ ﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻨ لﻼ 691 ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﻘﺒﻁ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻡﻗﺭ ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻜﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻗ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺢﻀﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ 90943 ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﺒ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻝﺍ ، : 16 / 06 / 1992 ﻪﻴﻓ ﺀﺎﺠ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ )": ﻲﻓ ﻑﺴﻌﺘﻴ ﻻﺃ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺠﻴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺎﻨﻭﻨﺎﻗ ﺭﺭﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﻤﺒ ﺭﻀﻴ ﺩﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻪﻘﺤ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ .(... ﻲﻓ ﺎﺘﺒﺎﺜ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻝﻭ ﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺓﺎﻀﻗ ﻥﺃ لﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﺼﺤ ﻑﺎﻨﺌ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺍﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﻭﺭ ﻥﻜﺴﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺍﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﺔﻴﺎﻨﺒﻝﺍ لﺨﺩﻤ لﻴﻭﺤﺘﺒ ﻥﻋﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺯﻝﺈﺒ ﺍﻭﻀﻗﻭ ،ﻩﺭﺩﺼﻤﻭ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻫﺭﺍﺭﻗ ﻥﻴﺴﺴﺅﻤ ،ﻙﻝﺫ ﺀﺍﺭﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻘﺤﻝ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﻩﺩﻀ ﻥﻭﻌﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻓﺭ ﺏﺠﻭﺘﺴﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﺍﻭﻨﺴﺤﺃ ﺩﻗ ﻙﻝﺫﺒ ﻡﻬﻨﺈﻓ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺍﺭﻀﺤﻤ ﺯﺠﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻌﻁﻝﺍ " ) 1 . ( ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻉﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻗﺃ ﺩﻘﻓ ﺭﺭﻀ لﻜ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤ ﻑﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ،ﻑﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺍﺭﺭﻀ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﺭﺎﺠﺒ ﺍﺭﺭﻀ ﻕﺤﻠﻴﻭ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺩﺼﻴ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤ ﺩﺩﺤﻴ ﻡﻝﻭ ،ﻑﻭﻝﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺩﺩﺤﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻉﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻝ ﻲﻀﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﺨﺘﻴ ﻡﺃ ﺎﻓﻭﻝﺄﻤ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﻊﺠﺭﻴ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻻ ﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺱﻴﻝ ﻑﻴﺭ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻓ ﻑﻭﺯﻋ ﻅﺤﻼﻤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻪﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻝﺄﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻴﺤﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺎﺒﻝﺎﻏ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،ﻉﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻬﻤ ) 1 ( ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ، ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻜﺤﻤﻠﻝ ﺭﺸﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺩﻨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﻗ ،لﻭﻷﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ ، ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ 1995 ﺹ ، 101 .