Autour de nouvelles notions pour l'analyse des algorithmes d'approximation : formalisme unifié et classes d'approximation
62
0
0
Texte intégral
(2)
(3)
(4) "!$# %&. '('('. )+* -,/. * 2 3 4 -!$576/,/%"'85 4 9 : 5$'85 4 +6<;=/#>;@?BA8;DC5 !E.F# A('(".F;D,/-,<;GA HJILK M7NPO-Q&RTSUNVIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI HJIYH Z\[>]^[>S_QE`badce[-ffhg^Si`bN-fiQE`bjkSUadcel^mnN-fiRpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]tIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI HJIYHJILK M<QvO `1Q&fefUNPwxy IXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI HJIYHJIYH zi`bjkSUadcel^mnN-fQEr^r^SUkGO_l^[-fiN c{mnN-fUg^SUN-f{RpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]|IWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI HJIYHJIq} ~[-fUg^`dcQ$c_fiRpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]IXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI HJIq} ]& N>gTsnRTN{`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]jQES_QE]ceabN-fRTN{rN>SU8kSUmQE]O N-f N cO `1Q&fefUabO-Q$ceabk]RTN-f O k]O N>rTc_f HJIu k&ceadQ$ceabk]f{rkg^S{N>]^SUaLO_l^abSi`bNW8kSUmQE`baLfUmnNWRTNX`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]rk`dG]^kmna1QE`bN IWIWIXIWI //!$5G<'(.F#'(A('1 * ?B, 4 ;=/!$;G.'(J!$;=%A8# --'8%#T$'85 4 6<; : }GILK ]nN sGN>mnr^`bN¢¡g^]^Ni£^SU¤ Nl^aLfcekabSUN\RTNi`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]RTg+r^SUk£^`b¤>mnNRTNfhcQE£^`bNmQ$sGabm¥g^m }GIYH z`bjkSUadcel^mnN-fN cO_l Q$§L]^N-fiRpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] IXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI }GIq} wadN"QEgTs@RpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] IWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI © : 5$'85 4 +6<;DA('(.'8-;G u^ILK ªk]N>SUjN>]O NRpog^]^NPO_l Q$§L]^NRpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]rk`dG]^kmna1QE`bN IXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI u^IYH wk&ceabk]fQ&fGmnrTcek&ceaL«g^N-f¬IXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI u^IYHJILK [>^]^adceabk]gfUg^N>`b`bN IWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI u^IYHJIYH ªkmnm+N>]cQEabSUN-fIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI u^IYHJIq} ySeRTSUNPRTNWRTab®+O g^`dce[¯IWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI u^IYHJIu x¢SUkrkfUadceabk]=RTNWRT[>^]^adceabk]±IWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI u^Iq} ªk]N>SUjN>]O N¥Q&fhGmnrTcek&ceaL«g^NIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI ² ³ 7;G.A8;G µJILK z`bjkSUadcel^mnN-f{RpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] IXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI µJILK&ILK ª`1Q&fefhNPz\x¢¶·IWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI µJILK&IYH ~iQEr^rkShc_fiRT[>rN>]RQE]cRTNX`oab]fhcQE]O N=IXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI µJILK&Iq} ~iQEr^rkShc_f{8k]O¸ceabk]DRpoqQEgTceSUN-f{r QES_QEmn¤ ceSUN-f IXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI µJIYH ªl Q$§L]^N-fiRpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]IWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI µJIq} zr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]RTab¹[>SUN>]ceabN>`b`bNºIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI » ¼ 5.F/#!$;J!A(;G½/!$5 A8G.;G ¾¢, 4 %5.FA * .; 4 n5,<! -!E,/%",<!$;J! :¥ GILK k&ceadQ$ceabk]f¿IWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI GIYH Z\[>]^["QE`bkjabN½IXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI GIq} ~{[-RTgO¸ceabk]D¥N sGr QE]fUabk]8k]O¸ceabk]^]^N>`b`bNÀ Á IXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI GIu ~{[-RTgO¸ceabk]fRTg@ceSUkaLfhab¤>mnNXcÂGrNÃIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI GIYµ Ä\g^N>`L«g^N-f{N sGN>mnr^`bN-fÅIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI GIYµJILK Äg^N>`L«g^N-f{jS_QE]R^fiO `1Q&fUfUaL«g^N-f IWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI GIYµJIYH ÆceS_Q$ce[>jabNWmQ$§bceSUN ÇN-fUO `1Q>NÈIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI GIYµJIq} MabN>]f{N>]ceSUNXN>Sefhabk]firk]RT[>SU[>NPN ci]^k]TÇrk]RT[>SU[>NIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI. '10 2 9 H u u u . ¦. K-¨ K K 2T9 K"H K"H K-} K-} K-° K-¦ H&¨ 9´ HGK HGK HGK HH H$u Hµ 9 » H& H H&¦ }¨ }TK }TK }TK }TK.
(5) . GIYµJIu ÆJkgfjS_QEr^l^NPab]RTg^adc kÇ O k`bkS_QE£^`bN IWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI GIYµJIYµ gfhcQE£^`bN¥¥`1QvO `baL«g^NtIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI GIYµJIq ~[-RTgO¸ceabk]fiN>]ceSUNW`bN-f{O-Q&RTSUN-fO `1Q&fUfUaL«g^NPN ciRTab¹[>SUN>]ceabN>`|IWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI ' ¬%,/A1 * 6<;Gn' 4 "# 4 %;Gn6 L, 4 /!$5A8G.F; JILK \N>gTs]^k&ceabk]fiRTNPfhabmnr^`baLO adce[ IWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI JIYH xSUk£^`b¤>mnN-fS_Q&RTa1QEgTs IWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI JIYHJILK x¢SUk£^`b¤>m+N-fl^[>SU[-RTadcQEabSUN-f¬IXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI JIYHJIYH i]^NXj[>]^[>S_QE`baLf_Q$ceabk] IWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI JIYHJIq} MabN>]fQ>N-OX`bN-f]^k&ceabk]fiRTNPfUabmnr^`baLO adce[|IWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI JIq} ÆceSUgO¸ceg^S_Q$ceabk]=r QES{[>`1QESUjaLfUfUN>mnN>]c\Rpog^]^NO `1Q&fUfUN IWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI JIq}GILK ÆcQE£^ab`badce[PRpog^]DQE`bjkSUadcel^mnNWr QES{S_QEr^rkShc\vg^]^NW8k]O¸ceabk]Rpo[>`bkabj]^N>m+N>]c|IWIXIWI JIq}GIYH zigTcekg^SiRTNX`1Qvr^SUkr^SUab[ ce[RTN Ç IXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI JIu ~{[-RTgO¸ceabk]DvRTN-fifhkgfhÇr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f¡QEgTceSUN-f{N sGN>m+r^`bN-f{O k]O N>SU] QE]c`bNPfcQE£^`bN IWIWIWIXIWI JIu^ILK ÆcQE£^`bNWN c{S_QEr^rkShc_f O(n−1 ) IWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI IWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI JIu^IYH M<QvO `1Q&fefUN k JIu^Iq} M<QvO `1Q&fefUNPRTN =N c BIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI JIYµ QEmnab`b`bNWO SUadceaL«g^NRpoab]fhcQE]O N-f IWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIXIWIWIWIXIWIWIXIWIWIWIXIWI ¼ 5 4 %A(,/"'85 4 . }} }Eu } µ ² } } } }° }¦ u¨ uK uJH uu uu uJµ u u. .
(6) . . !#". %$&(') * +. (,-/.!# . 0. ) * C * !$; 4 %;G + n,<;GA ,<;Gn/!$5 A8G.;G : ) #^/;GA 6<; ,<;GA ,<;Gn6 * 4 '8"'85 4 +6<;=/# >; 3. 1. ²´ ² . 2. 42. ©. ² ². 2. aba.
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10) D
(11) &
(12) W p 7
(13) !" #%$'&)(+*-,/.10-2435&7689,;:<&)0>=89$4&@?A0>B;CD.40>(),E*"B *-?4?4F90GD,;(+*-89,;0>.1,;HI89$'&)J4&:<&KB;0"?'(L&7.M8N0>= ?A0>B;CD.40>(),E*"B 89,/()&O*"B/P>0-F9,;89$4(LH=Q0"FRTSVUW$'*-F9JX?4F90"2'B/&7(LH7Y!89$4&7HZ&O*"B/P>0-F9,;89$4(LHP>['*-F\*-.M89&7&7,/.4P+=]&K*"HZ,;2'B;&OHZ0>B;[489,;0>.4HB;CMU ,/.4PX^_*"H).4&*-FL*"H@?A0>HZHZ,;2'B/&a`890b89$4&c0"?489,/(+*-B%0".'&7H7dfef&g4F9H58L,;.M8ZF90MJ'[467&c89$4&ih<&7CMUW6K0>.467&7?489H@0>=j89$'& ?A0>B;Ck.'0"(L,E*"Bl*-?4?4F90GD,/(L*-89,/0>.m*".4J89$4&K.no&p?4F9&KHZ&7.<8+89$'&p(+*",/.qB/,/.4&7H+0>=I*r.4&ns=]0"F9(+*-B/,/HZ(cdut[DF ?'[DFZ? 0"HZ&KHN*-F9&"Y0".r89$4&)0>.4&L$'*".4JvYv890c?4F9&KHZ&7.<8N89$4,;HI89$4&70"FZCr*".4Jr,;89HI0"243_&K689,;:<&7HN*".4J Y0>.w89$4&L0-89$'&F $'*".4J YD890)J4,/HZ67[4HZH%89$'&V*-?4?4F90"?4F9,E*-89&7.4&KHZHl*".4J89$4&?A&7FZ89,;.'&7.46K&0>=,;89H%670>.4H589,;89[D89,;:>&I&7B/&7(L&7.<89H7Y'*"H%?A&70"U ?'B/&lhD.4&7nx89$4&K(y[4.<89,/Bz.'0KnNY4*".4Ji890O?4F90"?A0>HZ&89$4&7,;F%&7.DF9,/6\$4(L&K.<8Kd #%$4&J4,;{A&F9&K.<8oH58\*"P>&7Ho0>= 89$4,/Hno0"FZh *-F9&i*"6K670>()?!*".4,;&KJ12MCfHZ&:<&7F\*-B,/B;B/[4H58ZF\*-89,;:>&i&G4*"()?'B/&7H7dw|M04Y}89$4,/HN?!*-?A&F@,;H@*"J4JDF9&KHZHZ&7Jf890X2A0"89$fJ'0-U (+*",;.TF9&KHZ&K*-F96\$'&F9HV*".4Jb.40>.DUWH5? &767,E*"B;,/H58VF9&K*"J4&F9H7def&O?!*-FZ89,;6K[4B/*-F9B;Cb~<['0-89&O89$4&P-F9&*-8,/.<89&F9&KH58KYz2A0"89$ 89$4&K0-F9&789,;6*"BM*".4J@0-? &F\*-89,;0>.'*"BY-8906K0".'H58ZF9[468*".,/.<89&F9.'*"BkH58ZF9[46789[DF9&=]0"F89$'&67BE*-HZHRXS@ 0"=489$4&0"?489,U (L,;*-89,;0>.?4F90"2'B/&7(LH,/.)RTS\d}!0-F89$',;H}F9&K*"HZ0>.@no&oJ'&:D,;HZ&o89$4&%.40"89,;0>.4H?4F9&7HZ&K.<89&7J),;.@8no0V6*89&KP>0-F9,/&7H7d #%$4&I890k0>B;H0"=}89$4&N=]0"F9(L&F*"B/B;0nu89$4&N,/.4J4,;:D,;J'['*"B&:>*"B;['*-89,/0>.p0>=}89$4&O*-?4?4F90GD,/(L*-2',/B/,8Cp?4F90"?A&FZ89,/&7H0"= *".<CcRXSVUW$'*-F9J?4F90"2'B/&7(pdef&?4F9&KHZ&7.<8j*".4JJ',;HZ6K[4HZH%.40"89,;0>.4H%*"H%*"B/P>0-F9,;89$4(L,/66a$'*",;. Y'*-?4?4F90GD,;(+*-89,;0>. B/&:<&7BY<0"F&7:>&K.L.40"89,/0>.4H 0>=AB;,/(L,89H]nl,;89$@F9&KH5?A&7678890O*"B/P>0-F9,;89$4(L,/6j6a$'*",;.4H7Yk0"F 890V?'F90-2!B;&K()H,/.4H58\*".467&KHa\d #%$4&890M0>B/H0>= 89$4&HZ&K670>.4J6K*-89&KP"0"FZC+*"B/B;0n89$'&670>()?!*-F9,/HZ0".2A&8no&K&7.iJ',{A&7F9&7.<8?'F90-2!B;&K()HoF9&7P<*-F9J4,;.'P 89$4&K,FjF9&KH5?A&76789,:<&N*-?4?4F90GD,;(+*-2',/B;,;8C?4F90"?A&7FZ89,;&KH7def&Vg!.4JX$4&F9&I89$4&I6K&7.<8ZF\*"Bv670>()?'B;&7GD,8Cc0"2D35&7678KYD89$'& F9&7J'[4689,/0>.r*"J'*-?489&7JvY40"=6K0"[4F9HZ&"Y4,/.89$4&V=QF\*-(L&7no0-FZhi0>=89$4&?A0>B;Ck.'0"(L,E*"B *-?4?4F90GD,;(+*-89,/0".A\def&?'F90-U ?A0>HZ&*N.'&nxJ'&g'.4,;89,/0".i[4.4,/=QCk,/.4PN89$'&lHZ&:<&F\*"Bz*-?4?4F90GD,/(L*-89,/0>.+?4F9&7HZ&7FZ:D,;.4POF9&7J4[46789,;0>.4HhD.40nl.+,/.L89$'& B/,89&7F\*89[4F9&)*".4J1*"B/HZ0p&Gk89&7.'J4,;.'P89$4&K,FNHZ670"?A&"d@ef&@8ZFZCT89035[4H589,/=ECb89$4&),;.<89&7F9&7H58N0>= 89$4,/HI.'&nJ4&g!.4,U 89,/0".p2MCcHZ&:<&F\*"BvH5?A&K*-hD,;.'PL&G4*"()?'B/&7H7d#%$4&NB/*"H58j?!*-FZ8l0>=89$'&V?!*-?A&7F*?'?'B;,/&7Hj89$4&NJ4,{ &F9&7.M8l670>.467&7?489H J4,/HZ67[4HZHZ&KJc=]0"F9(L&F9B;Ci,/.89$4&VH589[4JDC0>=v89$4&V$'*-F9J4.'&7HZHN*-?4?'F90KGD,/(+*89,/0>.c,;.M8ZF\*-678\*-2',;B/,;8C'0>=*".c,;.'H58\*-.'67& *".4J1,/.r89$4&+*-?4?4F9&K$4&7.4HZ,/0>.f0"=89$4&LH58ZF9[46789[DF9&L0"=89$4&LHZ&8O0>=$'*-F9J1,/.4H58\*".46K&7HN0>=o*c?4F90"2'B/&7(pdi#%$4&K. Y (+*".<C+J4,/H589,/.468oHZ,;89['*-89,;0>.4H%*-?4?A&*FKYD[4.'J4&F%0>[DF?A0>,;.M8o0>= :k,/&nNY4*-Ho670>()?'B/&7(L&7.M8\*FZCi0>.4&7H7d#%$4,;H?!*-FZ8 0>=89$'&V?!*-?A&7F*-B/B/0KnlHl[4Hj890+*-B/HZ0LJ4F\*7nJ4,;F9&76789,;0>.4Hj=]0"Fl=Q[DFZ89$'&FjF9&7HZ&*-F96\$ d XMv }" RTS)Y!RXSVUW6K0>(@?!B;&789&"Y!670>()?'B/&GD,8C<YD? 0"B;CD.40>(L,/*"B*-?4?4F90GD,/(L*-89,/0>. d. ababa.
(14) D
(15)
(16)
(17) f L 7
(18) E¬
(19)
(20) L .
(21) >0 [4H?4F7HZ&K.<890>.4HoB;&KH?4F9,;.'67,;?!*"B;&KH6*F\*"678F9,/H589,/~M[4&KHJ [4.i.40>[D:<&*-[=Q0"F9(+*"B;,/HZ(L&?A0>[DFB *-?4?'F90KGD,;U (+*-89,;0>.r?A0>BCD.40>(L,/*"B/&T*"B/P"0"F9,;89$4(L,/~M[4&)?A0>B;CD.40>(),E*"B;&
(22) cP<*-F\*-.M89,;&KHNJ4&)?A&7F9=Q0"F9(+*".467&KHV?A0>[DFOB/&7HI?'F90-U 2'B7(L&7HRXSVUWJ', +67,/B/&7Ha\d &78Z89& ?4F KHZ&7.<8\*-89,/0>.O&KH58}B 0M6K6K*"HZ,/0".J [4.F9&7P<*-F9JO67F9,89,E~M[4&HZ[4F67&J40>(L*",/.4&o&8 J4&J4,/HZ67['HZHZ,;0>.4HHZ[DFBE*l?A&FZ89,/.4&K.467&J4&KH}.40"89,/0".'H}[4HZ[4&KB;B/&7H7d B/B;&o&7H58*"[4HZHZ,DB 0k676*-HZ,/0>.J4&oHZ&o=]*"(L,;B/,E*F9,/HZ&F *K:<&76OB *-?4?'F90KGD,/(+*89,/0>.T?A0>B;Ck.'0"(L,E*"B;&&8J4&670>()?4F9&7.4J4F9&HZ&7H&7.-35&7[4Gp&78HZ&KH( 89$'0MJ'&7H7!d &8V*-FZ89,/67B/& "H *-J4F9&7HZHZ&IJ40>.46I*"[D8\*".<8j*"[DGH5#? K67,E*-B/,/H589&7Hj~M[ *"[DG.40>.cH5#? K67,E*-B/,/H589&7H%J4&V6K&J40>(+*",;.'&"%d $&KHoJ4,;#{ F9&K.<89&7H 8\*-?A&KHVJ4&)6K&@8ZF\*K:"*",/BHZ0>.<8N,/B/B;[4H58ZF K&7HV?!*-FNJ'&).40>(O24F9&7[DGr&GD&7()?'B/&7H7Yv6\$40>,/HZ,;HI?A0>[DFNB/&7[DFI?A&7FZ89,;.'&7.46K& &8lB;&K[DFHZ,;()?'B/,;6K,8 >d 0>[4Hl,;.4HZ,/H5890>.4Hl&K.c?!*-FZ89,;6K[4B/,;&7FlHZ[DFB ,/.<8 F &78KYD8\*".<8j89'$ 70"F9,/~M[4&O~M[ 0"#? 7F\*-89,;0>.4.4&KBY J4&(L&8Z8ZF9&&K( . 7:k,/J4&K.467&[4.'&VH58ZF9[4689[4F9&V*-[cHZ&7,/.cJ4&VB/*6KB/*"HZHZ&IRXS@ J4&7Ho?4F90"2'B 7(L&7H%J 0"?489,/(L,;H9*-89,/0>. J4&pRTS)*d ),/.4HZ,Y.40>[4H)6KB/*"HZHZ0>.4HLB/&7H).40"89,/0>.4H@!J *-?4?4F90GD,/(L*-89,/0>. ?A0>BCD.40>(L,/*"B/&c&7. J4&K[DG 6*8 KP>0-F9,/&7H7d $&KH0>[D89,;B/HoJ4&B/*O?4F9&7(L, F9&?A&F9(L&8Z89&K.<8oJ :>*-B/[4&7FKYMJ'*".4H%B *-2'HZ0>B;[ YDB/&7H?4F90"?4F9, 8 7H!J *-?4?4F90GD,/(L*-89,/0>. J4&@?4F90"2'B 7(L&7HNJ4, +6K,;B/&7!H +v.40>[4HNJ4,;HZ6K[D890>.4HI.'0-8\*"(L(L&7.<8NB/&7HI.40"89,/0".'HIJ4&)6\$'-* ,E.4&7HNJ *?'?4F90Gk,/(+*-89,;0>. Y J4&@.4,;:<&K*"[wJ *?'?4F90Gk,/(+*-89,;0>.1*",;.'HZ,~M[4&@J'&7[DGb.40"89,;0>.4HVJ'&@B;,/(L,89&KHL]?!*-FF\*-?4? 0-FZ. 8 i['.4&@HZ[4,;89&@J *"BU P>0"F9,89$4(L&KHO&8O?z*FF\*-?4?A0"FZ8@*"[DG1,/.4H58\*".46K&7Ha\/d $&KHO0>[D89,/B/HOJ'&+BE*XHZ&76K0".'J4&i6K*-8 KP"0"F9,/&L?A&F9(L&78Z89&7.<8J'& 670>()?!*-F9&FKY-J4[O?A0>,;.<8J4&:k['&J4&B *-?4?4F90GD,;(+*-89,/0".vYJ4,;#{ F9&K.<89H?4F90"2'B 7(L&7H ,/BM"H *"P",;8J4&B/*.40"89,;0>. Y8ZF 7H =QF9[4689[4&K[4HZ&"YDJ4&F KJ4[46789,;0>.&7.p*?'?4F90Gk,/(+*-89,;0>. d 0"['H?4F90"?A0>HZ0>.4H%[4.4&V%J g'.',89,/0>.c~M[4,z[4.',g'&>YDHZ0>[4H%B/& ?A0>,/.<8IJ4&:D[4&)J4&)B *-?4?4F90GD,;(+*-89,;0>. YvB;&KHF 7J'[4689,/0>.4HV&GD,/H58\*".<89&7H7d 0V&KHV&GD&7()?'B/&7HV:"*-F91, KH(L&78Z89&7.<8I&K. :D,/J4&7.'67&lB ,/.<8 7F &8&8B/&7H&K.-35&7[DGLJ4&67&78Z89&j.40"89,/0>. 2d .Dg'. YM.40>[4Ho*-?4?!B;,E~M[40>.4HB;&KHJ4,;#{ 7F9&7.<89H670>.467&7?489H ?A0>[D3 F 789[4J4,/&FNBE*pJ41, L6K[4B;8 LJ4&KHN,/.4H58\*".467&KHNJ [4.1?4F90"2'1B K(L&L&8OB/*pH58ZF9[46789[DF9&LJ'&LB/&7[DFO&K.4HZ&7(O2'B/&"4d 0I& .40>(O24F9&7['HZ&7H)HZ,89['*-89,/0>.4H@J',#{ 7F9&7.<89&KH@*-?4?!*-F\*",/HZHZ&7.<8+*",;.4HZ,%670>(L()&c670>()?'B 7(L&7.<8\*",;F9&7H75d &78Z89&+?!*-FZ89,/& .40>[4Hj?A&F9(L&768 7P<*"B/&7(L&7.<8J4&N()0>.<8ZF9&7FlJ'&I.40>[D:<&7B/B/&7HlJ4,F9&K689,/0>.4Hj!J 789[4J4&7H7d 7 8929 RTS)Y!RXSVUW6K0"()?'B/&8KY!6K0"()?'B/&GD,;8 "Y'*-?4?4F90GD,/(L*-89,/0>.p?A0>B;Ck.'0"(L,E*"B;&>d . ad.
(23) & . MoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]Frk`dG]^kmna1QE`bN+Qrkg^SXk£T N cW`1QO k]O N>rTceabk]FN cX`oqQE] QE`dTfhN+RpoqQE`bjkSUadcel^mnN-fXrk`dG]^k&Ç mna1QEgTsvQ>N-OjQES_QE]ceabN-f RTN rN>SU8kSUmQE]O N-f¢rkg^SRTN-fr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fRTab®nO ab`bN-f]oqQ&RTmnN cUcQE]c r Q&f¢RpoqQE`bjkSUadcel^mnN N s^Q&O¸c-I wkgfr^SUkrkfhk]f {RQE]fO N cQEShceaLO `bN g^]^N r^SUkmnN>] Q&RTNFQEg fhN>ab] Rpog^] ]^kgTN"QEg 8kSUmQE`baLfUmnN=rkg^S `oqQE`bjkSUadcel^mnaL«g^Nv¥jQES_QE]ceabN-fRTNXrN>SU8kSUmQE]O N-f>I`b`bNXN-fhci`okGO>O-Q&fUabk]=RTNPRT[-O kgTGSUabSiO N>ShcQEab]f\Q&fhrN-O¸c_fRTN O N cUceN½cel^[>kSUabNnN cRpoN>]^jQEjN>SPg^]^NnSU[ ^N sGabk] fhg^SPfUN-fXN>]& N>gTs N cfhg^SW`1QrN>Shceab]^N>]O NRTNnfhN-fPO k]O N>rTc_f IM<Q RT[>mQESeO_l^NN c¢`bN-f/S_QEaLfUk]f«g^aT]^kgf/k]cO k]RTg^adc ir^SUkrkfhN>SO N8kSUmQE`baLfUmnN]^kgffUN>m¥£^`bN>]cab]ce[>SUN-fefeQE]c_f ]^k]fhN>g^`bN>mnN>]crkg^ScekgTc fUr[-O a1QE`baLfhceNXRTgRTkmQEab]^N JmQEaLfQEgfefhaprkg^S «g^aLO k]«g^NXRT[-fhabS_QE]cN>]@Q>kabSg^] £^SUN>7QErN> S gIGzigTs½r^SUN>mnabN>Sef ]^kgf r^SUkrkfhk]f`bN-fSUgRTabmnN>]c_fRpog^]RT[>£ Q$c QEg«g^N>`]^kgf`bN-f ab]Gadcek]f XfUN kab]RTSUNI ªN\RT[>£ Q$c]^kgfr QES_Q$§bcabmnrkShcQE]c rkg^S `bNRT[ N>`bkr^rN>mnN>]c{O kl^[>SUN>] c ^`1QP£k]^]^NgTceab`baLfeQ$ceabk]@N c `1Q\r^SUkmnk&ceabk]+RTN`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]\jQES_QE]ceabN-f RTNrN>SU8kSUmQE]O N-f IJzgTs¥fUN-O k]R^f]^kgfkg^`bk]fmnk]ceSUN>S g^]FQ&fhrN-O¸cPfUkgTN>]cWabj]^kSU[nRTN½O N½O_l QEmnrfRTN½SUN-O_l^N>SeO_l^Nn«g^ a O kmnmnN¥£N"QEgO kg^rRpoqQEgTceSUN-
(24) f 7fUNvmnk]ceSUN fUkgTN>]c fUkgffUN-fceS_QEadc_f`bN-f r^`bgfceN-O_l^]^aL«g^N-fSU[-fUN>ShQE]c{QEgTs+fhr[-O a1QE`baLfhceN-f`o[>`1QE£kS_Q$ceabk]@RTN-fO k]O N>rTc_fN c `bN-ficeS_Q>QEgTs=fhg^S\fUN-f8k]RTN>mnN>]c_f Ipxkg^ShcQE] c pO N-fQ&fhrN-O¸c_f\]^kgf\fhN>m¥£^`bN>]cXQEg=m+kab]f\QEgfUfUa/abm+rkShcQE]c_f «g^Nv`bN-f\ceN-O_l^]^aL«g^N-fPRTNvRT[>m+k]fceS_Q$ceabk] rkg^SPQE£kSeRTN>SWO N½RTkmQEab]^N½N cXO km+r^SUN>]RTSUNnfhN-fN>]& N>gTsI/ªoN-fhc rkg^Se«g^ka ]^kgfab]Gadcek]f`o Wab`^N sJce[>SUabN>g^S \r QEShcQEjN>SO N-f¢r^SUN>mnabN>Sef[>`b[>mnN>]c_fRTN{SU[ ^N sGabk]IJM7N-fO k]O N>rTc_f RT[-O SUadc_fRQE]fO N c QEShceaLO `bN\fUk]c Q&O>O N-fefhab£^`bN-ff_QE]fO k]^] QEaLfefeQE]O N\r^SU["QE`1QE£^`bN\r QEShceaLO g^`bab¤>SUN\N cfUk]cN>mnr^SUg^]c_f Rpog^]^NFO N>ShcQEab]^N GaLfUabk] RTN `oqQE`bjkSUadcel^mnaL«g^N ¬jQES_QE]ceabN-fRTN rN>SU8kSUmQE]O N-f>I{wk&ceSUNFfhkgO aPQ¬N>] N>¹N c [ ce[ RQE]f`bN>g^S@O k]O N>rTceabk] iRTN mnabN>gTs±SU[>rk]RTSUNQEgTsV£N-fhkab]f@N cQEgTsVN>]& N>gTs RTND`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] rk`dG]^kmna1QE`bN $ab`LfN>]RTN GabN>]^]^N>]c¢QEab]fhag^]^N£k]^]^N ab`b`bgfhceS_Q$ceabk]IE]^^] -`1QRT[>mQESeO_l^N¢N>Sef<O N8kSUmQE`baLfhmnN fUN-f gfhceabO-Q$ceabk]f¢N c¢`bN-f/£N-fUkab]f QEgTsT«g^N>`LfN>`b`bNN-fef_QEabNRTN SU[>rk]RTSUN k]c¢`bN>g^Sab]ce[>S c m >mnNr^`1Q&O [-fl^kSef RTg+O k]ceN sJceNiRTN{`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]IG¢]nN>¹N c O kmnm+N]^kgf`bN{mnk]ceSUk]fRQE]f`1QfUg^adceN `oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] jQES_QE]ceabN-fvRTNrN>SU8kSUmQE]O N-f¥N-fcn@g^] rkab]cnRTNfhk]¬RT[ N>`bkr^rN>mnN>]c½k g^] £N-fUkab]¬O k]O N>rTceg^N>`fUN QEadcfhN>]ceabS>I<\N-fWfhadceg Q$ceabk]f¥QE] QE`bkjg^N-fWrN>gTN>]c¥fUN½r^SU[-fhN>]ceN>SRQE]fXmnkg^`dcPRTkmQEab]^N-fXfeO abN>]ceab«g^N-fPN c ab`fUN>S_QEadc{ab]ce[>SUN-fefeQE]cRTNWO kmnr QESUN>S `oN sGr[>SUabN>]O N«g^NX]^kgf SUN>`1Q$cek]faLO a<¥RTN-fceS_Q>QEgTs@RTg m >m+NjN>]^SUN RQE]fiRpoqQEgTceSUN-fcel^[>mQ$ceaL«g^N-f>I wk&ceSUN½k£T N cW]oN-fhcWr Q&fWRTNnRT[ N>`bkr^rN>SW`bN-fXRT[ cQEab`LfPRTNnO N½8kSUmQE`baLfhm+N¥mQEaLfr^`bgT c &cPRpoN>] SUN ceabSUN>SW`1Q `bkjaL«g^Nj[>]^[>S_QE`bN f_QrN>Shceab]^N>]O N fUN-fO k]fh[-«g^N>]O N-fr^S_Q$ceaL«g^N-f¥N cP`bN-fPS_QEaLfhk]f¥«g^a ]^kgfPk]c¥O k]RTg^adc `bNO k]O N kabS>IXQE]f+O N cUceNkrTceaL«g^N `bN-fnSU[-fUg^`dcQ$c_fRpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]O adce[-f+RQE]fO NRTkGO g^mnN>]ck]c QE`bN>g^S¥RpoN sGN>mnr^`bN-f>I¢ªN>ShcQEab]fk]c¥[ ce[fUr[-O a1QE`bN>mnN>]cvO k] gf¥rkg^Sab`b`bgfceSUN>S¥]^k&ceSUNr^SUkrkf RpoqQEgTceSUN-f r QESiO k]ceSUN N sGaLfceN>]cRQE]f{`1Qv`badcUce[>S_Q$ceg^SUNmQEaLf{fUk]ciSUN>r^SUaLfiaLO a (r QESU8kaLfi m >mnNWfUN>g^`bN>mnN>]cim+N>]ceabk]^]^[-f RQE]f¥`bN+ceN sJceN Prkg^S¥mnk&ceadN>S¥]^k&ceSUNRT[>mQESeO_l^NIxkg^SvO N-f¥RTN>SU]^abN>Se
(25) f fhN>g^`bN-f¥`bN-fr^SUN>gTN-fv`bN-fr^`bgf½Q&O¸Ç O N-fefhab£^`bN-fPab`b`bgfhceS_QE]cg^]Frkab]cr QEShceaLO g^`babN>S¥fhk]cSUN>r^SUaLfUN-f IxQESPfUkgO a RTN+`baLfhab£^ab`badce[+N cRTN+O k]ceab]Jg^adce[RTg RTkGO g^mnN>] c 7]^kgfQ>k]fWfh[>`bN-O¸ceabk]^]^[RTN>gTsDr^SUk£^`b¤>m+N- f !"$#&%('
(26) !*)%,+.-/)102)3(]^k&ce[ RQE]fWO N «g^a<fhg^ad4c N c{`b5 N '4-/6798:%<;
(27) =,-/6?>@&A CB EDF GHQEgTsT«g^N>`LfifUNXS_QEr^rkShceN>]c`1Q¥mQ$ kSUadce[PRTNX]^kfN sGN>mnr^`bN-f>I ¥oqQEgTceSUN-f¢r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f ]^k&cQEmnmnN>]Ic J%K;L- M
(28) 0N)O% +P-/)K02)Q(]^k&ceS [ R UT vRQE]f¢O N{«g^afhg^ad4c $V!%W;$XPJXPY %P#Z- X.6 )K-/6-/)K02)[\R EN S c J%*;$X.02]P
(29) Y4#Z02Y^`_Ea
(30) 6:"4)b'4!
(31) "K(]^k&ce` [ c`d (fUk]cm+N>]ceabk]^]^[-f rk]O¸ceg^N>`b`bN>mnN>]crkg^S RTN-f¢N sGN>m+r^`bN-ffUabj]^abO-Q$ceab(f ]oqQ>JQE]c r Q&f Rpo[-«g^adQE`bN>]crkg^S ]^kfRTN>gTsvr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f RTNiSU[>8[>SUN>]O NfI e/kgf`bN-f r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fO adce[-fRQE]f `bNRTkGO g^mnN>]c fhk]c RT[>^]^aLf N>]QE]^]^N sGN\RQE]f `1QWfUN-O¸ceabk]zPI wkgfvS_QEr^rN>`bk]f RQE]f½`1QDfUN-O¸ceabk]V?H ¢`bN-fv]^k&ceabk]f+RTN@£ Q&fhNfUg^S½`bN-fU«g^N>`b`bN-fnSUN>rkfUN@`1Q fhg^adceNRTNO N ceS_Q>QEab`I<wkgfXfUadceg^k]fW`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]rk`dG]^kmna1QE`bNnr QESXS_QEr^rkShc¥`1Qcel^[>kSUabN+RTN½`1QO kmnr^`bN sGadce[nN c QEgTsRTab¹[>SUN>]ceN-fmn[ cel^kGRTN-fRTNSU[-fUk`bgTceabk]nRTNr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fRTab®nO ab`bN-Nf fhN-O¸ceabk]HJIL,K 7N c¢RT[ cQEab`b`bk]ffhN-fN>]& N>gTs fUN-O¸ceabk] HJIq<} Iwkgf{r^SU[-fUN>]cek]f]^k&cQEmnmnN>]K c fUN-O¸ceabk] HJIYH `bN-fi]^k&ceabk]fRTNPr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN¥RpokrTceabmnaLf_Q$ceabk] RpoqQE`bjkSUadcel^mnNQEr^r^SUkGO_l^[+N cRTNnS_QEr^rkShc¥RpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]IXQE]fW`bN½r QES_QEjS_QEr^l^N@HJIu]^kgfWr^SUkrkfUk]f QE`bkSef{g^]^NWfhG]cel^¤-fUNRTN-fr^SUab]O abr QE`bN-fimnk&ceadQ$ceabk]fi«g^a7k]cO k]RTg^adcvO km+r^`b[ ceN>S{O NW8kSUmQE`baLfUmnNXgfUg^N>`I XQE]f½`1Q fhN-O¸ceabk]V}=]^kgfnRTaLfUO gTcek]f+RTN@r^SUN>mnab¤>SUN-fvN sJceN>]fUabk]f+RTN-f½]^k&ceabk]f½gfUg^N>`b`bN-f½rN>SUmnN cUcQE]c RpoN sGr^SUabmnN>SX`bN-fXrkfUfUab£^ab`badce[-fPRTNvSU[-fUk`bgTceabk]FN>®+O-Q&O NnRpog^] r^SUk£^`b¤>mnNI7 i] rN ceadcWl^aLfhcekSUaL«g^N+O k]O N>SU] QE]c .
(32) . .
(33) . ("
(34) *. (.". # )
(35) .. . K. #. + )+ !". ".
(36) `oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]FRTgDr^SUk£^`b¤>m+N (r QES_QEjS_QEr^l^N+}GILK,imnk&ceadN¥O N-fN sJceN>]fhabk]f>I7wkgfr^SU[-fhN>]cek]f QE`bkSef`bN-f]^k&ceabk]fRTN; %/6
(37) " _Ea %$8<8VY^X +P-/)%P#Z- X.6 (r QES_QEjS_QEr^l^N}GIYHN cRTNK6-/]P^%.0 _Ea %48<8VY X +P-/)%#Z- X.6 (r Q$Ç S_QEjS_QEr^l^N@}GIq<} I¢ªN-fO k]O N>rTc_fkgTGSUN>]cv`1QkabNRTab¹[>SUN>]ceN-f¥]^k&ceabk]f¥RTN+`babmnadceN-fPr^SU[-fUN>]ce[>N-f¥RQE]f`1Q fUN-O¸ceabk]¬u^I] r QEShceaLO g^`babN>S ]^kgf¥RTaLfeO gTcek]f¥`1QRT[>^]^adceabk]BRTN Y %$8<8:X.Y
(38) # %."P) 8 #&X#Z- M40Vb fUN-O¸ceabk]¬u^IYH WN c RT[ N>`bkr^rk]f <+O N cN>¹N c r^`bgfUabN>g^Sef\N sGN>mnr^`bN-f>IpM7N¥O k]O N>rTcWRp/o X.Y^_.Y _<O_.- ;
(39) 0f #1(r QES_QEjS_QEr^l^Nvu^IYHJIq<} N-fhc O N>]ceS_QE`rkg^SO N cUceN\«g^N-fhceabk]I^M<QPfUN-O¸ceabk]µXSUN>jSUkg^rNXRTN-fN sGN>mnr^`bN-fRTN\fhG]cel^¤-fhNX«g^aab`b`bgfceSUN>]c{O N-f ]^k&ceabk]f{N ci`bN-fmnk&ceadN>]c-I zr^SU¤-f\`bN½RT[ N>`bkr^rN>mnN>]cPRTN½O k]O N>rTc_fXrN>SUmnN cUcQE]cPRpo[ QE`bg^N>SWRTabSUN-O¸ceN>mnN>]cX`bN-frkfUfUab£^ab`badce[-fWRpoqQErTÇ r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]+RTNr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f ]^kgf¢N>]GaLfeQEjN>k]f JRQE]f¢`1Q\fUN-O¸ceabk]2 `1Q\]^k&ceabk]nRT` N Y^_.0V;
(40) #Z- XP6
(41) 6 %$8<8VY X,+.-U7 )%P#Z- XP6\«g^aJrN>SUmnN cRTNO kmnr QESUN>S/`bN-f<rkfUfUab£^ab`badce[-fRTNSU[-fhk`bgTceabk]vN>®nO-Q&O NRTNr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f/RTab¹[>SUN>]c_f>I&wikgf r^SU[-fUN>]cek]
(42) f RQE]f `bN\r QES_QEjS_QEr^l^NPGIY?H T`o[ k`bgTceabk]RTN-fRTab¹[>SUN>]c_fcÂGrN-f RTNSU[-RTgO¸ceabk]f{QE^]RTNmnk&ceadN>S `oab]ce[>S cRTN@`bN-fvg^]^ab^N>S (r QES_QEjS_QEr^l^NDGIq<} I wikgf½RTk]^]^k]fQE`bkSefn«g^N>`L«g^N-fnN sGN>mnr^`bN-fnRTNSU[-RTgO¸ceabk]f mnN cUcQE]ciN>][ GaLRTN>]O NP`bN-f{rkfefhab£^ab`badce[-fRTNO NPO k]O N>rTcN ciab`b`bgfceS_QE]c\`bNcÂGrNRTNP«g^N-fceabk]f«goab`<rN>SUmnN c Rpo[ cegRTabN>S>I]^^] RQE]f+`1Q r QEShceabN ? ]^kgf+N>]GaLf_QEjN>k]f`1Q «g^N-fhceabk]VRTN`1Q fhceSUgO¸ceg^SUNDRTN-fnab]fhcQE]O N-f Rpog^]+r^SUk£^`b¤>m+NIJwkgf¢m+k]ceSUk]fO kmnmnN>]c `bN-f kgTceab`LfRTN{`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] JN cN>]+r QEShceaLO g^`babN>S`1QX]^k&ceabk] RTN¥SU[-RTgO¸ceabk] rN>gTN>]cPfhN>ShGabSW+[ cegRTabN>SWO_l Q&«g^N¥r^SUk£^`b¤>m+NI7ªN cUceNvfUN-O¸ceabk] ]^kgfrN>SUmnN cRTNvmnk]ceSUN>S O kmnmnN>]ci`o[ cegRTNRpog^]=r^SUk£^`b¤>mnNPN cRTNP`1QnfceSUgO¸ceg^SUN¥RTNPfUN-f{ab]fhcQE]O N-fN-fcab]ceabmnN>mnN>]c`bab[>N½`o[ cegRTN RTN¥`1QfhceSUgO¸ceg^SUN½RTNv`oN>]fhN>m¥£^`bN½RTN-fr^SUk£^`b¤>m+N-f I eQE]cXRTgDrkab]cWRTNPGg^Nvkr[>S_Q$ceabk]^]^N>`«g^NvfhceSUgO¸ceg^SUN> ` `bN-fceS_Q>QEgTs¬fhg^SvO_l Q&«g^Nr^SUk£^`b¤>mnNN cvO N>gTsrkShcQE]c+fhg^S¥`bN>g^SvN>]fhN>mv£^`bNQEr^r QES_QEaLfefhN>]c+O km+mnNO km½Ç r^`b[>mnN>]cQEabSUN-fXN cWfhabmnab`1QEabSUN-f>I]^^] ]^kgfr^SUkrkfUk]fXN>]FQE]^]^N sGN fhN-O¸ceabk]F` z {g^]^N½`baLfceNnRTNvr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f RpokrTceabmnaLf_Q$ceabk]gTceab`baLfh[-fRQE]f{O NPRTkGO g^mnN>]c-I !#".
(43) ¬7
(44) E
(45) JV7
(46) &
(47) . ;=%# 6<!$; M/QO `1Q&fUfUN : RT[-fhabj]^Nv`oN>]fUN>m¥£^`bNvRTN-fr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f\SU[-fUk`bg^£^`bN-fr QES\g^]^N¥mQ&O_l^ab]^NvRTN. rk&Ç `dG]^kmna1QE`bN@]^k]BRT[ ceN>SUmnab]^aLfhceN¢ab`f>oqQEjadc QEg mnkab]fvRQE]f½`1Qcel^[>kSUabNO `1Q&fefhaL«g^NRTN@`1QDO kmnr^`bN sGadce[RTN `og^]^adN>SefRTNceS_Q>QEab`IM/Q\O `1Q&fUfUN RTN-f 8VY^X('
(48)
(49) )
(50) " 8:XPP6 X.)K- %.0(+ /N-fc¢`oN>]fUN>m¥£^`bN{RTN-fr^SUk£^`b¤>m+N-f¢RTN : SU[-fUk`bgfr QESg^]^NmQ&O_l^ab]^NRTN Vrk`dG]^km+a1QE`bNRT[ ceN>SUmnab]^aLfhceNIXQE]f¥O N+cÂGrNRpo[ cegRTN `1QO km½Ç r^`bN sGadce[½QE`bjkSUadcel^mnaL«g^Nvrk`dG]^kmna1QE`bN¥O kSUSUN-fUrk]R nO N¥«g^aN-fcO km+m¥g^]^[>mnN>]c\O k]fhaLRT[>SU[½O kmnmnNPg^]^N ' XP6:6 *Y
(51) "
(52) XP 0f#Z- X.6I º`okr^rkfU[ `1QO `1Q&fefUN : O k]ceabN>]cW`bN-f\r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f : Ç O kmnr^`bN c_* f O `1Q&fefhN : Ǫ «g^a^fhk] c RQE]fg^]vO N>ShcQEab]½fUN>]
(53) f &`bN-fr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f`bN-fr^`bgfRTab®+O ab`bN-f¢RTN : ¡E`1QiSU[-fUk`bgTceabk]nRTN`og^]½RpoN>]ceSUN N>gTsr QESg^]^N mQ&O_l^ab]^NRTN rk`dG]^kmna1QE`bN{RT[ ceN>SUmnab]^aLfhceN rN>SUmnN cUceS_QEadc¢`1QiSU[-fUk`bgTceabk]nRTN ]oabmnrkShceN «g^N>`<r^SUk£^`b¤>m+NPRTN : r QESig^]^NPmQ&O_l^ab]^NRTNO NWcÂGrNIx¢QESUmna7`bN-fir^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fO k]^]JgfiN cN>]ceS_QE]cRQE]f `bNO-Q&RTSUNRTN]^km¥£^SUN>gTsmnkGRT¤>`bN-fab]RTgfhceSUabN>`Lf¥kg¬N>]¬fUO abN>]O N-fvlJg^mQEab]^N-
(54) f SUN>`1Q$ceadN>mnN>]c½rN>g fhk]cvrk&Ç `dG]^kmna1QEgTs\¡¢`bN-fvr^SUab]O abr QEgTs r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f½RTN fhk]c !
(55) " 8VY^X('
(56)
(57) )
(58) " _< #ZY$-/" _<18:%.Y ;^XP02Y$" _Ea %.Y,'4Y
(59) "
(60) # 9 2. . ,-*. ,-* )
(61) . ,-* )
(62) . #
(63) . . . . _< >PY %48
(64) "N;^
(65) Y4#&%P-/6:"N8VY X?'4
(66) )
(67) "1_< XP#Z"N_Ea % ^;#&%P#Z- X.6N_<
(68) " 8VY X?'4
(69) )
(70) "1_<;
(71) )K-/6 4)O46V#Z"*X$8 #Z-/)O%.0<+ %P].$;K6 XP#&%.)K)
(72) 6V#I;^XP)K)O%$8<8 - ;^%#Z- X.6NJ
(73) "N8VY X('
(74)
(75) )
(76) "1_Ea X.Y^_<X.66 %.6 ;^
(77) )
(78) 6V#IJ
(79) "N8 02" "^-/) 8 !
(80) "1# 8 02" >
(81) 6
(82) Y %P!
(83) )
(84) 6#Ia X$8 #Z-/)1-/"
(85) %P#Z- X.6 " ^M
(86) 0
(87) 6V#Z- /J"!#IJ 8VY X('
(88) 4)O5_<5;$X.08 !% >(*)O% +P-/)K02) _Ea 0f6 >PY %$8 b# J% 8VY X^>PY %.)1)%P#Z- X.6 -/6 $%.-/Y
(89) 6 ]P%.Y$- %?'4!
(90) " ;$X.6V#Z-/6:0
(91) "IªN-fvr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fnfUgfUO adceN>]c+g^]Bab]ce[>S c+r QEShceaLO g^`babN>S ]^k]fhN>g^`bN>mnN>]cr QESeO Nn«goab`LfWk]cRTN½]^km¥£^SUN>gfUN-fQEr^r^`baLO-Q$ceabk]f
(92) / mQEaLfPQEgfUfUa¢r QESeO N«goab`LfWO k]fhceadceg^N>]c. `bN-fkgTceab`Lf¥RTN£ Q&fhNRTN`oqQE`bjkSUadcel^m+aL«g^Nrk`dG]^km+a1QE`bNI¢ÆJa`bN-fr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-frk`dG]^kmna1QEgTs fUk]c¥SUN>`1Q$ceadN Ç mnN>]cS_QESUN-f JRTN ceSU¤-f]^km¥£^SUN>gTsvm+kGRT¤>`bN-f¢SU[>N>`Lf O k]RTg^aLfUN>]cr QES O k]ceSUN\XRTN-f¢r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f : Ç O km+r^`bN c_f I x¢QESUmnapN>gTs ^O adcek]f£^abN>]f $^S`bN QEmnN>gTsr^SUk£^`b¤>mnNWRT1 N "%P#Z-/"&%%('4-UL-U#«g^ap8gTc`bNXr^SUN>mnabN>S r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN : Ç O kmnr^`bN c+ ceSUNmnaLf¥N>] [ GaLRTN>]O N@r QE5 S R F ('dK"*H )UIN>]ceabk]^]^k]fQEgfUfU` a !K8VY^X('
(93)
(94) ) _.0 ]PX+(% >(
(95) 02Y _< ;^X.)1)
(96) Y ;^ ,BV$ a %.Y,'$Y^ _< C R G/`bN-fr^SUab]O abr QEgTs r^SUk£^`b¤>m+N-f¥RTN r QEShcQEjN pRTNRT[-O kg^rN¥N c\RTNO kgTN>Shceg^SUNvmnab]^abmQE`bN `1Qnr^`bg^r QEShcRTN-fir^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f\RpokSeRTk]^] QE]O N>mnN>] c ! 8VY X?'4
(97) ) _.0 "%<;-,@_<XP" N c /r^`bgfj[>]^[>S_QE`bN>mnN>] c !%8 Y X^>.Y^%.)K)%P#Z- XP6 L-/6.^%.-/Y^
(98) 6 ]P%.Y$- %?'4!
(99) "5
(100) 67 #Z-/
(101) Y
(102) "_IM/QRT[-O kgTN>ShceN ¢RTN>r^g^aLf¥`bN-fPceS_Q>QEgTs¬RTN R GFN cvRTN B ('dK"?H /u+} )U$Rpog^]^Nm¥g^`dceadcegRTNRTN . .. ,-+. !#".
(103) . . . ".
(104) .. +. (. .. H. . .
(105) r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f : Ç O kmnr^`bN c_faLfefhgfRpoqQEr^r^`baLO-Q$ceabk]fSU[>N>`b`bN-fQPm+aLf N>][ GaLRTN>]O NX`bN-f`babmnadceN-f RTN\`1QPSU[-fUk`bgTceabk] ab]^8kSUmQ$ceaL«g^NRTNir^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fO k]O SUN c_f>I^=QEaLffUg^ShcekgTc TO N\O k]fcQ$c gfceab^N\`bN-f N>¹kShc_fQ&O¸ceg^N>`LfN>]+Gg^N\RTN SU[-fUkgRTSUN QEgmnkab]f r QEShceabN>`b`bN>m+N>] c RTNXceN>`Lf{r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f{RTNWmQE]^ab¤>SUNWN>®nO-Q&O NI XQE]f¥O N cUceNkrTceaL«g^N r^`bgfhabN>g^SefvRTabSUN-O¸ceabk]fvRTNSUN-O_l^N>SeO_l^N-f¥k]c¥[ ce[RT[ N>`bkr^r[>N-f I¢x¢QESUmnaO N>`b`bN-fhÇ O a mnN>]ceabk]^]^k]f RpoqQE£kSeR`oaLRTN>]ceabO-Q$ceabk]RTNO-Q&f r QEShceaLO g^`babN>Sef fUkgfhÇr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-^f rk`dG]^kmna1QEgTsRpog^]r^SUk&Ç £^`b¤>mnN\j[>]^[>S_QE`RTab®nO ab`bN\N c `1QPmnaLfhNQEgrkab]cRTNm+[ cel^kGRTN-fN s^Q&O¸ceN-f>I^M/QWr^SUN>mnab¤>SUNN-fc r QEShceaLO g^`bab¤>SUN>mnN>]c ab]ce[>SUN-fefeQE]ceN¥rkg^S\O km+r^SUN>]RTSUN¥O N«g^a< QEadc\`1QnRTab®+O g^`dce[¥Rpog^]r^SUk£^`b¤>mnNN crkg^SmnN cUceSUNPN>]=[ GaLRTN>]O N RTN-f¥O-Q&ffUabmnr^`bN-f¥«g^aab]ceN>ShGabN>]^]^N>]c½r QESU8kaLf¥RTNmQE]^ab¤>SUN] Q$ceg^SUN>`b`bN@RQE]f`bN-fPm+kGRT¤>`bN-fPj[>]^[>S_QEgTsIM7N-f mn[ cel^kGRTN-fN s^Q&O¸ceN-
(106) f «g QE]c¥N>`b`bN-f ^rN>SUm+N cUceN>]ciRTNceS_QEadceN>SiRTN-fab]fhcQE]O N-f{RTNcQEab`b`bNWmnkGRT[>SU[>O N O NceN>SUmnN r^SUN>] QE]cnRTN-fvfhabj]^abO-Q$ceabk]fvceSU¤-fvRTab¹[>SUN>]ceN-fvRpog^] mnkGRT¤>`bN@g^] QEgTceSUN N>`b`bN-fvfUk]c½8k]RT[>N-fvfUg^S¥g^]^N SUN-O_l^N>SeO_l^NnN sGl QEgfceadNQESU£kSUN-fUO N>]ceN+rkg^SX`1Q&«g^N>`b`bN½k]DSU[>gfefUadcf>oqQE¹S_QE]O_l^abS r QESWRTN-fWQESUjg^mnN>]c_fXRTN £kSU]^N-f Rpog^]^NPr QEShceabNPRTNX`oN-fUr Q&O NRTNXSUN-O_l^N>SeO_l^NI ] QEgTceSUNrkab]c½RTN+Gg^Nrkg^S¥SU[-fUkgRTSUNN>®nO-Q&O N>mnN>]cnRTN-fr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f¥ab]ceSUab]fh¤-«g^N>m+N>]cnRTab®+O ab`bN-f N-fhcvRpoN>]GaLfeQEjN>S½RTN-fmn[ cel^kGRTN-f¥QEr^r^SUkGO_l^[>N-f>I¢MoaLRT[>NfhkgfhÇb UQ&O N>]ceNN-fcv«gog^]^N£k]^]^NfUk`bgTceabk] [ N>]TÇ ceg^N>`b`bN>mnN>]c]^k]krTceabmQE`bNmQEaLfk£TceN>]Jg^NN>]ceN>mnrfS_QEaLfUk]^] QE£^`bN TQEgTc r QESU8kaLf m+abN>gTs+«gog^]^NXfUk`bgTceabk] krTceabmQE`bN½]^[-O N-fUfUadcQE]cWg^]DceN>mnrfXRTN½O-QE`LO g^`ceSUkr [>`bN [I7¥oqQEab`b`bN>g^Se
(107) f `bkSefe«g^N½`1Q+cQEab`b`bNnRTNv`oab]fcQE]O Nn]^N rN>SUmnN cWr Q&fXf_QSU[-fUk`bgTceabk]O kmnr^`b¤ ceN½kg `bkSefe«g^N½`bN-fWfUkgfÇr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fWaLRTN>]ceab^[-fWO km+mnN¥ Q&O ab`bN-fX]ok]c QEgO g^]^NrN>Shceab]^N>]O NPRTgrkab]ciRTNGg^NXRTN-f£N-fUkab]
(108) f ^`bN-f RTN>gTsr^SUN>m+abN>Sefrkab]c_f RTN\Gg^NXfUk]c ab]^kr[>S_QE]c_f>I MoaLRT[>NRTNjQEj]^N>S¥N>]FceN>m+rfRTNO-QE`LO g^S ` (kg¬RTNSUN>]RTSUN`bNO-QE`LO g^`rkfUfUab£^`bN QEg r^SUads RTN+`1Q«g QE`badce[RTN `1QfUk`bgTceabk]¬rN>gTc½QE`bkSefvfU[-RTg^abSUN /kabSUN m >mnN+f>oabmnrkfUN>S>IM/N>]O kSUN O N cUceNaLfUfUg^N]oN-fhc¥N>]GaLf_QEjN"QE£^`bN «g^NfUa`bN\r^SUk£^`b¤>mnNXf o +r^S ceNI^]N>¹N c TRQE]f O N>ShcQEab]fO-Q&fg^]^NfUk`bgTceabk]]^k]N s^Q&O¸ceN]oN-fhc r Q&fN sGr^`bkadÇ cQE£^`bN¥N c\r QESU8kaLf]oqQn m >m+NWr Q&f\RTNvfhN>]f>I7ª\oN-fc\N>]Dr QEShceaLO g^`babN>S`bN¥O-Q&frkg^Sg^]=r^SUk£^`b¤>mnNvRTN¥RT[-O aLfUabk] RTk]cn`1Q=SU[>rk]fhN]^NrN>gT c ceSUN«goqQE`dceN>SU] Q$ceadNIM7N-f¥m+[ cel^kGRTN-fnQEr^r^SUkGO_l^[>N-fn]^N@fUk]c½N>]GaLf_QEj[>N-f+«g^N rkg^SRTN-fnr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fRpokrTceabmnaLf_Q$ceabk]Vrkg^Sn`bN-fe«g^N>`Lfk]±O k]fhaLRT¤>SUND«gog^]^NDfhk`bgTceabk]feQ$ceaLfU QEaLf_QE]c`bN-f O k]ceS_QEab]ceN-frN>gTNc ceSUNN sGr^`bkadce[>NPfeQ&O_l QE]ci«goN>`b`bNX`bNfUN>S_Q¥RpoqQEgTcQE]cimnabN>gTs«g^NWfeQPQE`bN>g^Sk£T N-O¸ceadNXN-fhc £k]^]^NIM7N-fPO k]ceS_QEab]ceN-f¥RTgr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN+SUN>r^SU[-fUN>]ceN>]c½O N«g^NRTkadcvQE£fUk`bg^mnN>]cP[>SUab^N>Sg^]^NfUk`bgTceabk] `ok£T N-O¸ceab/RT[ ceN>SUmnab]^Nf_QP«g QE`badce[I^M7N-fmn[ cel^kGRTN-fQEr^r^SUkGO_l^[>N-fRTab¹¤>SUN>]c`bN-fg^]^N-f RTN-f QEgTceSUN-fr QES`bNcÂGrN RTNvO kmnr^SUkm+aLf«g QE`badce[ O kmnr^`bN sGadce[n«goN>`b`bN-fk¹SUN>]c-Ipwkgf\N>]DRTaLfhceab]^jg^k]fXRTN>gTsDO `1Q&fUfUN-fp¡`bN-f\l^N>g^SUaLfÇ ceaL«g^N-fiN ci`bN-f\QE`bjkSUadcel^mnN-firk`dG]^kmna1QEgTs½jQES_QE]ceabN-fRTNPrN>SU8kSUmQE]O N-f>IM7N-f{r^SUN>m+ab¤>SUN-
(109) f ceSU¤-f{gTceab`baLfU[>N-f N>]Dr^S_Q$ceaL«g^N p]ok¹SUN>]cWQEgO g^]^NvjQES_QE]ceabNnQ+r^SUabkSUaI `f>oqQEjadcXRTNvfhceS_Q$ce[>jabN-
(110) f 7RTNPcÂGrN-f\ceSU¤-fiQESUab[-f pRTk]c `bNXr^SUab]O abrNPSUN>rkfhNPfUg^S{RTN-fiQESUjg^m+N>]c_fab]ceg^adceab(
(111) f kabSUNPfhg^S{RTN-f{r QES_Q&RTabjmnN-f{RTNWr^l^[>]^kmn¤>]^N-f] Q$ceg^SUN>`Lf mQEaLf«g^ai]^N=fUk]cP gfhceab^[>N-f«g^N=r QES+`bN-f+SU[-fUg^`dcQ$c_f«g^N>`b`bN-fk¹SUN>]c-IzgfUfU a `bNSUN-O kg^SefFRTN-f+r^`1QE]f RpoN sGr[>SUabN>]O NN-fhcnfhkgTN>]cnSUN ceN>]JgBrkg^S¥ceN-fhceN>S½RTN-f¥l^N>g^SUaLfhceaL«g^N-f>I XQE]fvO N>ShcQEab]fnO-Q&
(112) f O N-f¥mn[ cel^kGRTN-f RTk]^]^N>]c\`babN>gDnRTN-f\QE] QE`dTfUN-fO km+r^`b[ cQE]c\`bN-f{k£fUN>ShQ$ceabk]f N>`b`bN-ffUk]c\fhTfhce[>mQ$ceaL«g^N-1 f (N c m >mnNWabm½Ç rkfU[>N-f\RQE]f`bN-fRT[>^]^adceabk]$f iRQE]f\`bNO-Q&RTSUNvRTN`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]Drk`dG]^kmna1QE`bNIp]=N>¹N c O N¥RTkmQEab]^N fUNiRT[>^]^adcr QESRTN-f SU¤>j`bN-ffceSUaLO¸ceN-f«g^N\RTkadN>]cf_Q$ceaLfh QEabSUN`bN-fQE`bjkSUadcel^mnN-f«goab` [ cegRTabNIGM7N{r^SUab]O abrNN-fhc RTNPfhNW`babmnadceN>S¥`oN>mnr^`bka<RT N ) # X,_<
(113) " 8fXP6 X.)K- %P!
(114) "N>]N sGabjN"QE]c\RTNWr^`bgfiRTN-f >(%.Y %.6V#Z-
(115) "W%('4"
(116) XP 0
(117) "fUg^S `1Q@«g QE`badce[RTN-fPfUk`bgTceabk]fPk£TceN>]Jg^N-f>I gfU«goqr^SU[-fhN>] c O NnO_l^kadsF«g QE]c½QEgTs jQES_QE]ceabN-fRTN+O kmnr^`bN sGadce[ N ciRTNP«g QE`badce[PRTN-ffUk`bgTceabk]f{k£TceN>]Jg^N-fRTaLfceab]^jg^NP`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]rk`dG]^kmna1QE`bNPRTN-fiQEgTceSUN-f{mn[ cel^kGRTN-f QEr^r^SUkGO_l^[>N-f mQEaLf¥ab`fUN>S_QEadcvcekgTc= QEadc½N>]GaLf_QEjN"QE£^`bNN c½r QEShceaLO g^`bab¤>SUN>mnN>]c+ab]ce[>SUN-fef_QE]cRpo[ cegRTabN>S½`bN O kmnrkShceN>mnN>]cRTN-f r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fRTab®nO ab`bN-f r QESS_QEr^rkShc Xg^]QEgTceSUNO kmnr^SUkm+aLfO km+r^`bN sGadce[ «g QE`badce[«g^N `bNPO kg^r^`b` N 8:XPP6 X.)K- %P f>(%.Y %P6#Z-
(118) "K%('4"
(119) XP 0
(120) "_I ¥og^]vrkab]cRTNGg^N kr[>S_Q$ceabk]^]^N> ` `1QrN>Shceab]^N>]O N{RTN O N-fQEr^r^SUkGO_l^N-f¢RT[>rN>]R½RTN-f£N-fUkab]f¢fhr[-O ab«g^N-f RTN{O_l Q&«g^NQEr^r^`baLO-Q$ceabk]IXQE]f¢`1Qr^S_Q$ceaL«g^N `bNSUN-O kg^Sef RTN-fmn[ cel^kGRTN-f¢l^N>g^SUaLfhceaL«g^N-fSUN-fceN{mQ$ kSUadcQEabSUN O N«g^a/rN>gT c ceSUNvQ$cUceSUab£^g^[]^k]DfhN>g^`bN>m+N>]cXv`bN>g^S£k]DO kmnrkShceN>mnN>]c\N>]r^S_Q$ceaL«g^N¥mQEaLfQEgfefhang^]^N SUN>`1Q$ceadNPm+[-O k]^] QEaLfUf_QE]O NRTN-f{r QEShceaLO g^`1QESUadce[-f\RTNW`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]rk`dG]^kmna1QE`bNIMoqQEgTceSUNPS_QEaLfhk]N-fhci`bN rN-fefhabmnaLfUmnNRTNO N>ShcQEab]f½SU[-fUg^`dcQ$c_f+RpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]V«g^ar^SUk"GabN>]c+N-fefhN>]ceabN>`b`bN>mnN>]cRTN-f½SUN-fceSUaLO¸ceabk]f «g^NO NO-Q&RTSUNabmnrkfhNIpÆJkg^`babj]^k]f]^["QE]^mnkab]f«g^NP`bN-fimn[ cel^kGRTN-f{rk`dG]^km+a1QE`bN-firN>gTN>]cXQ>kabS RQE]f `1Qr^S_Q$ceaL«g^N GRTN-f O kmnrkShceN>mnN>]c_f £^abN>]+mnN>ab`b`bN>g^Sef «g^N{`bN-f£kSU]^N-f«goN>`b`bN-f jQES_QE]ceaLfefhN>]c-IT¥oqQEgTcQE]cr^`bgf }.
(121) « goN>]FO km¥£^ab] QE]cWg^]^N½l^N>g^SUaLfhceaL«g^NnN cXg^]QE`bjkSUadcel^m+N½rk`dG]^kmna1QE` jQES_QE]ceabN-fPRTNvrN>SU8kSUmQE]O N-f
(122) 7k] rN>gTc£[>]^[>O abN>SRTg£k]¥O kmnrkShceN>mnN>]cN>]r^S_Q$ceaL«g^N RTN`1Q{r^SUN>mnab¤>SUNN cRTN-f/jQES_QE]ceabN-fRpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] RTgfhN-O k]RpI * 4 * !$#A('8 * +-,<!A8;Gn#A5 !E'1/.F;Gn6 b#^//!$5G<'(.#T$'85 4 9 19 9 19 (2 #F%A8# ->; : MoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] rk`dG]^kmna1QE`bN SUN-fhceSUN>ab]c=fhk] O_l QEmnrf@Rpo[ cegRTN O N>ShcQEab]f@r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-frkgTQE]c f>oN sGr^SUabmnN>SN>]+ceN>SUm+N-fRpokrTceabmnaLfeQ$ceabk]I^M7N-fr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f : fhk]cRT[>^]^aLf W`okSUabjab]^N*(' H&°)U¢O kmnmnNRTN-f r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fRTN+RT[-O aLfUabk] N sGr^SUabmn[-ffhkgfP8kSUmnN+Rpog^]^N«g^N-fceabk]``1Q@Y
(123) "XPL0:#Z- X.6=RTgFr^SUk£^`b¤>m+N+O k]fUaLfhceN QE`bkSefXQEr^rkShceN>S g^]^N{SU[>rk]fUK N k
(124) g IJxkg^SRTNceN>`Lfr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-
(125) f ab`^N-fhcRTab®+O ab`bNiRTN{O k]O N kabSg^]^N ]^k&ceabk]FRTNvSU[-fUk`bgTceabk] QEr^r^SUkGO_l^[>NI<x¢QESXO k]ceSUN 7rkg^SXO N>ShcQEab]fWRpoN>]ceSUNnN>gTs pab`¢N-fcWrkfUfUab£^`bNnRpoqQ&fefUkGO abN>S g^]^NN ]P
(126) Y$"$- X.6OX48 #Z-/)K-/"
(127) %#Z- X.6iN sGr^SUabmn[>N r QES7g^]Pr^SUkjS_QEmnmnNmQ$cel^[>mQ$ceaL«g^N (krTceabmnaLf_Q$ceabk]Rpog^]^N 8k]O¸ceabk] SU[>N>`b`bNfhkgf O k]ceS_QEab]ceN-$f I VO_l Q&«g^Niab]fhcQE]O Nik]Q&fUfUkGO abNig^]^Ni«g^N-fhceabk]+rkShcQE]cfhg^S `oN sGaLfceN>]O Nkgn]^k] Rpog^]^NDfUk`bgTceabk]VmnN>ab`b`bN>g^SUND«gog^]VfUN>g^ab`TsG[I ª\oN-fcr QESO N=£^a1QEaLf«gok]VrN>gTc QEabSUN=`bN`babN>]±N>]ceSUN=`bN-f r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fXRpokrTceabmnaLfeQ$ceabk] N cX`bN-fr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fRTN½RT[-O aLfUabk] RTNv`1QO `1Q&fefhN : Ipx`bgf\r^SU[-O aLfU[>mnN>] c ]^kgf S_QEr^rN>`bk]fiaLO a7`1QvRT[>^]^adceabk]8kSUmnN>`b`bNPRTN-f{r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fiRpokrTceabmnaLfeQ$ceabk]I * 4 '8"'85 4 2 ]r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN[>`b[>mnN>]cQEabSUNk g Wab]fcQE]O N (]^k&ce[>N I ¢N-fhcg^]r^SUkjS_QEmnm+NmQ$cel^[>mQ$Ç ceaL«g^NPRTNW`1Q¥8kSUm+N . . opt v (~x) I: ~x ∈ C xi ∈ {0, 1}. k RT[-fUabj]^NO N«g^aTN-fhcO kmnm¥g^]^N>mnN>]cQEr^rN>`b[O k]ceS_QEab]ceN-fI i]r^SUk£^`b¤>m+N RpokrTceabm+aLfeQ$ceabk]nO km½Ç £^ab] CQ$cekabSUN : (SUN-fUrI! : Ç O kmnr^`bN c4N-fc<g^]PN>]fhN>mn£^`bNRpoab]fcQE]O N-f<ceN>`«g^N`oN>]fUN>m¥£^`bNO kSUSUN-fhrk]RQE]c RTN-f\«g^N-fhceabk]f
(128) nrkg^S\g^] M RTk]^]^[N sGaLfhceN ÇcUÇab` ~x ∈ C ceN>`«g^N v(~x)θM ? (k θ QEgTc > (SUN-fUrI! 6 fUa opt QEgTc max (SUN-fUr!I minN-fhc N s^Q&O¸ceN>mnN>]c`oN>]fhN>mv£^`bNRTN-f ab]fcQE]O N-fRpog^]r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN : (SUN-fUr!I f (' H&f° uJ#µ )UI MoN>]fUN>m¥£^`bNPRTN-f{r^SUk£^`b¤>mnNPRpokrTÇ : Ç O km+r^`bN 4c QEgfUN>]fgfUg^N>`/RTNW`1Q¥cel^[>kSUabNPRTN-f{`1QE]^jQEjN-K ceabmnaLf_Q$ceabk] : N-fhci]^k&ce[ : I ]¬r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN :¥ N-fhc+QEg¬mnkab]f½QEgfefhaRTab®+O ab`bN@«g^N@feQN>Sefhabk] RT[-O aLfhabk]Br^g^aLfe«g^Nrkg^SvSU[-fUkgRTSUN O N cUceNRTN>SU]^ab¤>SUNab`fhg^®½c¥RTNO k]^] Q$§bceSUN`1QQE`bN>g^SkrTceabmQE`bNRTgFr^SUk£^`b¤>m+NRpokrTceabmnaLf_Q$ceabk]IM7kSefe«g^Nf_Q N>SefUabk]RT[-O aLfUabk]N-fc : Ç O km+r^`b¤ ceN -`bN r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN : $QEgPmnkab]f/QEgfUfUaJRTab®+O ab`bN«gog^]Pr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN : Ç O kmnr^`bN c N-fcRTadc : Ç RTab®+O ab`bNIpx¢QESUmna/`bN-fir^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f : «g^afUk]c : Ç RTab®nO ab`bN-f pO adcek]f R G B kgN>]O kSUNW`1Q¥r^SUkjS_QEm+mQ$ceabk]`bab]^["QEabSUNPN>]QESUa1QE£^`bN-fiN>]ceab¤>SUN-f I M7NXr^SUab]O abr QE`7ab]ce[>S cRpoN sGr^SUabm+N>Sg^]@r^SUk£^`b¤>mnNXN>]ceN>SUm+N-fRpokrTceabmnaLf_Q$ceabk]N-fhciRpoqQ>kabSvf_QvRTaLfhrk&Ç fUadceabk] J]^k]fhN>g^`bN>m+N>]cg^]^N]^k&ceabk]RTN\fhk`bgTceabk]Q&O>O N>rTcQE£^`bN (kgSU["QE`baLf_QE£^`bN RTgr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN JmQEaLfQEgfefha g^]^NW]^k&ceabk]RTNP«g QE`badce[Rpog^]^NPfUk`bgTceabk]SU["QE`baLf_QE£^`bNPr QES{SU[>8[>SUN>]O N¥¥`1Q¥QE`bN>g^SiRTNW`ok£T N-O¸ceabÂI %. . ". #
(129) .. /,. ". +. 9 19 L9 A5 !E'1/.F;G½#//!$57% * n;+.F;G",<!$;G½6 d#//!$5G<'(.F#^$'85 4 xkg^S g^]ceN>`r^SUk£^`b¤>mnNTk]QEr^rN>`b`bNO%P>(X.Y$-U# )W%48<8VY X,; g^]QE`bjkSUadcel^mnNrk`dG]^kmna1QE`pr QES S_QEr^rkShc X`1QcQEab`b`bN\RTN-f ab]fhcQE]O N-f8kg^SU]^aLfUf_QE]c Grkg^S cekgTceNab]fhcQE]O N I g^]^N\fUk`bgTceabk]SU["QE`baLfeQE£^`bNRTN{QE`bN>g^S λ(I) I ]=SU[-fhg^`dcQ$cPRpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] rN>SUmnN cXRTNvO-QES_Q&O¸ce[>SUaLfhN>SX`1Q«g QE`badce[½RTN`1Qfhk`bgTceabk]FQEr^r^SUkGO_l^[>N+n`oqQEaLRTN Rpog^]^N )O4"$02Y _Ca %$8<8VY X,+.-/)O%P#Z- X.6 RT[>^]^abNrkg^SO_l Q&«g^Nab]fhcQE]O NIM/Q mnN-fUg^SUN`1Q r^`bgfngTceab`baLfU[>N=N-fhc+`bN S_QEr^rkShc . γ(I) = min. . λ(I) β(I) , β(I) λ(I). . "!#$ %&#!('#*)+,-!.0/1+ 2$,43&65%72$%&84.89'-#!: , 2$%&!* -8;/'-"<:=0> #!(.?-8 %&,6%&)@+A#8 -,CBD!0> %&)@+A#,E 6<F=0> -3G3&68 #3&= %&#! -!*H%&8 2I;2$53&$. u.
(130) k β(I) RT[-fhabj]^N`1Q QE`bN>g^S/krTceabmQE`bNRTN `oab]fhcQE]O N I I$¥oqQEgTceSUN-f/mnN-fUg^SUN-f/RpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]¥rN>gTN>]cG ceSUN N>mnr^`bk"[>N-f]^k&cQEmnmnN>]c`bN5Y %$8<8:X.Y
(131) #N_.-
(132) Y
(133) 6#Z- «g^N¥]^kgfXQ>k]fRT[>^]^a G gfceab^[vN cXRTaLfUO gTce[½RQE]f 'dK"? H&f¨ HGK )I xkg^Sg^]^NWab]fhcQE]O N I ab`7f oN sGr^SUabm+NWr QES δ(I) =. |λ(I) − ω(I)| |β(I) − ω(I)|. k RT[-fhabj]^NX`1Q 8V-/Y S]P%P!
(134) 02YRTN`oab]fcQE]O N mnN-fUg^SUNRTk]O\`1Qrkfhadceabk]RTN`1QWQE`bN>g^S jQES_QE]ceabN r QES{ω(I) `oqQE`bjkSUadcel^mnNRQE]f`oab]ceN>ShQE`b`bNN>]ceSUNW`1Qvr^abISUNδ(I) QE`bN>g^SiN ci`1Q¥mnN>ab`b`bN>g^SUNI ~{N N>]^k]f<N>]P«g^N>`L«g^N-f<`babj]^N-f<fUg^S7`bN-f7S_QEaLfhk]f/«g^a]^kgf7k]cQEm+N>]^[ RT[>^]^abS/O NS_QEr^rkShc-I `f oqQEjaLfef_QEadc RTN{SU[>rk]RTSUN\X«g^N>`L«g^N-f \r QES_Q&RTk"sGN-@f vO k]^]Jgf RTg+O-Q&RTSUNiO `1Q&fefUaL«g^N«g^a fUk]cRTabSUN-O¸ceN>mnN>]c abm+r^gTcQE£^`bN-f +`1Q+mnN-fUg^SUNgTceab`baLfU[>NI e/kgf\SUN GabN>]^]^N>]cP+`1Q+SUN>mQESe«g^NvfUg^adQE]ceN¢¡7RTg=rkab]cWRTNGg^N½RTgDS_QEr^rkShcWO `1Q&fÇ fUaL«g^N RTN-fceS_QE]fh8kSUmQ$ceabk]f¢ceSU¤-f] Q$ceg^SUN>`b`bN-f¢N c¢ab]ceg^adceadN>mnN>]cQE]^kGRTab]^N-fRTNr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f : O_l QE]^jN>]c S_Q&RTaLO-QE`bN>mnN>]ci`bN>g^S{O kmnrkShceN>mnN>]ciRTg@rkab]ciRTNGg^NXRTNX`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]I ]N sGN>m+r^`bNXfUabj]^abO-Q$ceabRTN ceN>`b`bN-f\ceS_QE]fU8kSUmQ$ceabk]fXN-fhc`oqQ$ kgTcPRpog^]^N½O k]fhcQE]ceN+`1Q+8k]O¸ceabk] k£T N-O¸ceab? 7O N-O a]^N½O_l QE]^jN½SUabN>] RTg rkab]cnRTNGg^NRTN`okrTceabmnaLfeQ$ceabk]BN c½rN>gTcvrkg^ShcQE]cnm+kGRTab^N>S¥`bN@O kmnrkShceN>mnN>]cnRTg¬r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN@fUak] O k]fUaLRT¤>SUNW`bNWS_QEr^rkShc\RpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]=O `1Q&fefUaL«g^NI ¢s^QEmnab]^k]fW`oN sGN>mnr^`bN+RTN A CB EDF V«g^a O k]fUaLfceNS_QE]^jN>SWg^]^Nn`baLfhceNn]^km¥£^SUN-fXrkfUadceab(fWab]^8[ Ç SUabN>g^SefPDK¥N>] g^] ]^km¥£^SUNvmnab]^abm¥g^m RTNv£kadceN-O f QEr^rN>`b[>N-5 f '4-/6?\RTN½O-QEr Q&O adce[½cek&cQE`bNK (`1Qfhkmnm+N¥RTN-f ]^km¥£^SUN-f\r^`1Q&O [-fXRQE]fO_l Q&«g^N½£kadceNv]^NvRTkadcXr Q&fN sTO [-RTN>S½,K Iz kgTceN>SW+g^]^Nvab]fhcQE]O Nvg^] ]^km¥£^SUN k TsG[PRTN K ]^NXmnkGRTab^NWab]ceg^adceadN>mnN>]cir Q&f{`oab]fcQE]O NPr^g^aLfe«g^NPO_l Q&O g^]=RTNWO N- f @ K Q$ kgTce[-fiRTN GS_2Q RQE]fcekgTceNfUk`bgTceabk] gTceab`baLfhN>S¢g^]^N£kadceN{`bg^aGcekgTcfUN>g^`IªN-O aGSUN GabN>]cQ$ kgTceN>S k `1QiQE`bN>g^S¢k£T N-O¸ceadN RTNWcekgTceN¥fUk`bgTceabk]DSU["QE`baLfeQE£^`bNvRTN`oab]fcQE]O N¥ab]^adcea1QE`bNI7ªN cUceNPceS_QE]fh8kSUmQ$ceabk] «g Q&fhabmnN>]c\ab]fUabj]^ab QE]ceN QXrkg^ShcQE]c g^]^NO k]fU[-«g^N>]O NabmnrkShcQE]ceN\fUg^S `bNiS_QEr^rkShcRpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]O `1Q&fUfUaL«g^N¢¡Gab`fhg^®½cRpoqQEg^j&Ç mnN>]ceN>S½fUkg^l QEadc k rkg^SiSUN>]RTSUNWcekgTceNPfhk`bgTceabk] v£k]^]^( N @(S_QEr^rkShc\r^SUkGO_l^NPRTN,K rkg^Si`bNWS_QEr^rkShc O `1Q&fefhaL«g^NI ] QEgTceSUN@N sGN>m+r^`bNO [>`b¤>£^SUN@N-fhcn`bN`babN>]BN>]ceSUN`bNr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN N cn`1Q O kgTN>Shceg^SUNRTN fUkmnmnN c_f¥mnab]^abm¥g^m RQE]f½g^] jS_QEr^l^ N (]^k&ce[ d DRQE]f½O N«g^a{fhg^ad4c I ]BfcQE£^`bNRpog^] jS_QEr^l^NN-fhc g^]N>]fUN>m¥£^`bNXRTNfUkmnmnN c_fRTN>gTsRTN>gTs]^k]`bab[-f r QESg^]^NWQES ceN Tg^]^NO kgTN>Shceg^SUNWRTNXfhkm½Ç mnN c_fN-fcg^]@N>]fUN>m¥£^`bNPRTNPfhkm+mnN c_f«g^a cekgO_l^( N +cekgTceN-fi`bN-fiQES ceN-f>I `7N-fhc{ceSU¤-f{ Q&O ab`bNPRTNPfUNXSUN>]RTSUN O kmnrTceN«g^NX`bNO kmnr^`b[>mnN>]cQEabSUNXRTN\cekgTceNXO kgTN>Shceg^SUNPRTNfUkmnmnN c_fN-fhcg^]@fcQE£^`bNXN c SU[-O abr^SUkG«g^N>mnN>]c-I zab]fh a mQ$sGabmnaLfUN>S`bN¥O-QESeRTab] QE`¢Rpog^]DN>]fUN>m¥£^`bNvfhcQE£^`bNvRTN GS_QEadcXN s^Q&O¸ceN>mnN>]cSUN N>]^abSW+mnab]^abmnaLfUN>SO N>`bg^a RTg O km+r^`b[>mnN>]cQEabSUNRpog^]¬fcQE£^`bN -/!/Rpog^]^NO kgTN>Shceg^SUN@RTN+fUkmnmnN c_f>I<xkg^ShcQE] c RTgrkab]c¥RTN+Gg^N RTN@`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]VO `1Q&fefhaL«g^ N (S_QEr^rkShc γ $¢`bN@r^SUN>mnabN>SnRTNO N-f½r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f½N-fhcnSU[>r^gTce[@ceSU¤-fnRTab®nO ab`bN QEr^r^SUk"sGabm+N>S +QE`bkSef¥«g^N+`bNfUN-O k]R¬Q&RTmnN cvRTN-f¥QE`bjkSUadcel^mnN-fk¹S_QE]cvRTN-fPjQES_QE]ceabN-f¥O km+m¥g^]^[>mnN>]c g^j[>N-f+O kmnmnN£k]^]^N-f>I ªk]ceS_QEabSUN>m+N>]cQEg O-Q&f½r^SU[-O [-RTN>] c `bN-fvQE`bN>g^Sef+RTN-fnfhk`bgTceabk]f+]^Nfhg^£^aLfefUN>]c r Q&ffUN>g^`bN>mnN>]cg^]^NceS_QE]fU`1Q$ceabk] QEgVO kg^SefRTN`1Q ceS_QE]fh8kSUmQ$ceabk] mQEaLfng^]^NceS_QE]fh8kSUmQ$ceabk] QE®n]^N cekgTcXQEgfefha] Q$ceg^SUN>`b`bNIpXQE]fi`oN sGN>mnr^`bN¥O_l^kaLfU a `1Q½ceS_QE]fU8kSUmQ$ceabk] QE®½]^N x 7→ n − x k n RT[-fUabj]^N¥`bN ]^km¥£^SUNnRTNnfUkmnmnN c_$f iN-fcPRT[-O SUkaLfefeQE]ceN O Nn«g^a¢N sGr^`baL«g^Nn`1QO kSUSUN-fUrk]RQE]O N+N>]ceSUNng^] r^SUk£^`b¤>mnNnRTN mQ$sGabmnaLf_Q$ceabk]N cg^]r^SUk£^`b¤>mnNRTNWmnab]^abmnaLf_Q$ceabk]IpÆJg^Si`1Qv£ Q&fhN¥RpoN sGN>mnr^`bN-fiRTNO NXcÂGrN g^]^NPSU[ ^N sGabk] fUg^Si`1Q½m+N-fhg^SUNRpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] ½gTceab`baLfUN>SQ½[ ce[mnN>]^[>NRQE]f 'dK"2 pH&2¨ HGK )IM7NPS_QEr^rkShcRTab¹[>SUN>]ceabN>`Q QE`bkSef [ ce[XRT[>^]^apr QES g^]^NWQEr^r^SUkGO_l^NPQ$sGabkmQ$ceaL«g^NXabmnrkfeQE]c]^k&cQEmnm+N>]c `1Q¥fcQE£^ab`badce[WRTgS_QEr^rkShcGaLf GaLfRTNceS_QE]fU8kSUmQ$ceabk]f{QE®n]^N-fRTN\`ok£T N-O¸ceabÂI^]kgTceSUN ^O N cUceNRT[>mQESeO_l^N\]^kgfQPO k]RTg^adciWSU[ ^[-O_l^abS{ `1Qv]^k&ceabk]DRTNWr^abSUNWQE`bN>g^Si«g^a/f>oN-fcQ>[>SU[>NPr QEShceaLO g^`bab¤>SUN>mnN>]c\SUaLO_l^NIzig& kg^SeRpolJg^ a `oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]DRTN r^`bgfUabN>g^Sefr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f : Q+[ ce[v[ cegRTab[>NvfUkgf\`bN-f\S_QEr^rkShc_fXO `1Q&fUfUaL«g^NvN cXRTab¹[>SUN>]ceabN>`IM7N-fSU[-fUg^`dcQ$c_f mnk]ceSUN>]c`1QO kmnr^`b[>mnN>]cQESUadce[RTN+O N-fPm+N-fhg^SUN-fWN c`oab]ce[>S cv«goab`QmnN>]^N>SRTN+8SUk]c¥RTN-fP[ cegRTN-f fUkgfPO_l Q&O g^]^NRpoN>`b`bN-f>I/xSU[-O aLfUk]f«g^N+]^k]fUN>g^`bN>mnN>]c`bN-fWSU[-fUg^`dcQ$c_fRpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]¬mQEaLfPQEgfefha `bN-f mn[ cel^kGRTN-f\RT[>r^`bk"[>N-fXRTab¹¤>SUN>]cN>]D8k]O¸ceabk] RTg=S_QEr^rkShc-IMog^]DRTN-f\rkab]c_f\8kShc_fRTN¥O N cUceN¥[ cegRTN½Q+[ ce[ RpoN>]^jQEjN>Svg^]^NSU[ ^N sGabk] fUg^S`bNO k]O N>rTc½RTNS_QEr^rkShc½RpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] N cvRTNmnk]ceSUN>S¥O N«gog^] ceN>`
(135) . . !
(136) . . . . F #=8"!#*=8. 2$= #,%&8 #!8"'-. !?-#3&#I%&8 ). !#"%$& .?-8 %&I! 372' 2$'-=3G ? .0> =!. +A#=,. +,#53()@. . . .?8 %&I!-,"3&2. B' ,. .?-)62$,' D.D3 > 2$++,#
(137) F%&)@2$ %G#*! .. 2$++,#
(138) F%&)@?$. µ. " . + )+ ". )-)/ 3 > 2$.E-' %.
(139) TR [>£ Q$crkgTQEadc{QEr^rkShceN>S>ITM7N-f SU[^N sGabk]ffhg^SRpoqQEgTceSUN-f O k]O N>rTc_f«g^N]^kgf SUN>`1Q$cek]faLO afUNfUadceg^N>]c RQE]f `1Q½O k]ceab]Jg^adce[P`bkjaL«g^NPRTNPO N cUceNP[ cegRTNI ) * -,/A1"#^"n6 b#//!$5G<'(.F#^"'(5 4 + cQE]cRTk]^]^[g^]^NmnN-fhg^SUNRpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] ρ(I) "g^]SU[-fhg^`dcQ$c¢RpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]vf>o[>]^k]O N O kmnmnN g^]^Nn£kSU]^N½QE`1QE£^`bN+rkg^SWcekgTceNnab]fhcQE]O N I I/ªkmnmnNvrkg^SW`1Qr^`bg^r QEShc¥RTN-fceS_Q>QEgTsRTNvcel^[>kSUabNRTNn`1Q O kmnr^`bN sGadce[ k]mnN-fUg^SUNRTk]O+`bNO km+rkShceN>mnN>]cvRpog^] QE`bjkSUadcel^m+Nr QESS_QEr^rkShc½QEg r^abSUNO-Q&f O N«g^a rN>SUmnN cRpok£TceN>]^abSRTN-fjQES_QE]ceabN-f\QE£fhk`bg^N-f{QE`1QE£^`bN-f{rkg^ScekgTceN-fi`bN-fab]fhcQE]O N-f I M7N-fSU[-fUg^`dcQ$c_fiRpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]mnN cUceN>]ciN>][ GaLRTN>]O NPRTN-fiRTab¹[>SUN>]O N-fiRTNPRTab®nO g^`dce[WN>]ceSUNP`bN-fr^SUk&Ç £^`b¤>mnN-f : Ç RTab®nO ab`bN-fQE`bkSef/«g^N`bN>g^Sef<N>SefUabk]fRT[-O aLfhabk]vfUk]c[-«g^adQE`bN>]ceN-f/r QES/S_QEr^rkShcQEgTsXSU[-RTgO¸ceabk]f rk`dG]^kmna1QE`bN-f>I^ªN>ShcQEab]fr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f : Ç RTab®+O ab`bN-ffUk]c ceSU¤-f£^abN>]QEr^r^SUkGO_l^[-fr QESg^]QE`bjkSUadcel^mnNirk`dJÇ ]^kmna1QE` N-fc`oN sGN>mnr^`bN¥`bNr^`bgf\ Q>kS_QE£^`bN¥r^g^aLfe«goab`¢Q&RTmnN c\g^] "
(140) ;
(141) )% ;^X.) 8 J#N_Ca %$8<8VY X,+.-/)O%P#Z- X.6 8:XP .6 X.)K- %G('}+¦ )U$<O&oN-fcUÇÂ$Ç RTabSUN /g^]^Nn QEm+ab`b`bN (ab]RTaLO [>Nnr QES ∈]0, 1[ \RpoqQE`bjkSUadcel^m+N-fWrk`dG]^kmna1QEgTs `1Q½8kaLfiN>] n N cN>] 1/ ceN>`b`bN¥«g^N rkg^SicekgTc `oqQE`bjkSUadcel^mn N jQES_QE]ceadc\g^]=S_QEr^rkShc fUg^r[>SUabN>g^S 1 − Ix/kg^S{RpoqQEgTceSUN-f{r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fQEgO k]ceS_QEabSUN k]f_QEadc«g^NWRTNceN>`LfSU[-fhg^`dcQ$c_fi]^NWfhk]c{r Q&γf{rkfUfUab£^`bN-f fUkgfWg^]^N+lGrk&cel^¤-fhNRTNO kmnr^`bN sGadce[I/x¢QESWN sGN>mnr^`bN <rkg^S <fUa : /QEgO g^]¬QE`bjkSUadcel^mnN rk`dG]^kmna1QE`]^N+rN>gTcPjQES_QE]ceabSPg^] S_QEr^rkShc γ £kSU]^[nab]^8[>SUabN>g^SUN>mnN>]c¥r QESXg^6=]^NO k]fcQE]ceN c > 0 ('+} )UI M7N- f Y
(142) "^0f #&%P#Z"8:X."$-U#Z- ^"nO kSUSUN-fUrk]RTN>]cn`1QO k]O N>rTceabk]¬Rpog^] QE`bjkSUadcel^mnN+rk`dG]^kmna1QE`RTk]c`oqQE] QE`dTfUN mnN cN>][ GaLRTN>]O Ng^] O N>ShcQEab]¬]^adN"QEg RpoqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]IM7N-O f Y
(143) "^0f #&%P#Z"*6.&>(%P#Z- ^"O kSUSUN-fUrk]RTN>]cng^] fUN>g^ab` RTNn«g QE`badce[«gok]F]^N½rN>gTcvQ$cUceN>ab]RTSUN 7rkg^SPg^] r^SUk£^`b¤>mnN <fUkgfXg^]^NnlGrk&cel^¤-fUNn8kShceN>m+N>]cPabm½Ç r^SUk£ QE£^`bN\RTg½cÂGrN 6= : IJM¢oqQ&fefUkGO a1Q$ceabk]RTN-fRTN>gTsvrN>SUm+N cRpo[ cQE£^`babSg^]^Nil^ab[>S_QESeO_l^abN\RTN-fr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f RpokrTceabmnaLf_Q$ceabk] : Ç O kmnr^`bN c_f r QESS_QEr^rkShcX`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]IG\NiO Nirkab]c RTN{Gg^N `oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] rk`dG]^kmna1QE`bNvQEr^r QES_Q$§bcO kmnmnNXg^]kgTceab`/8k]RQEmnN>]cQE`<rkg^Si`1QnO kmnr^SU[>l^N>]fUabk]DRTNW`1QnO `1Q&fUfUN : N c rkg^S{`o[ cegRTNRTNPfeQ½fceSUgO¸ceg^SUNI Mog^] RTN-fWQ&fhrN-O¸c_fWRTN½O N cUceNvcel^[>kSUabN½N-fcWRTk]Ov`o[ cegRTNnRTN¥`1QRTab®+O g^`dce[½ab]ceSUab]fh¤-«g^N+RTN-fr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f N>]+k¹S_QE] c Jr QES S_QEr^rkShc{X`1Q\cel^[>kSUabN\RTNi`1QPO kmnr^`bN sGadce[ r^`bgfUabN>g^Sef]^adN"QEgTs+RTNRTab®+O g^`dce[IGM/QWRT[>^]^adceabk] RTN`1Q : Ç O kmnr^`b[ cegRTN@k¹SUN@RTN>gTs¬]^adN"QEgTsBRTN@RTab®+O g^`dce[ ¢`bN-f½O `1Q&fefhN-f N c : ǪIxQESnO k]ceSUN ¢N>] QEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] `oN>]fUN>m¥£^`bNPRTN-f r^SUk£^`b¤>m+N-f{RpokrTceabmnaLf_Q$ceabk] : Ç O kmnr^`bN c_fifhNWRT[-O kmnrkfUNXN>]O kgO_l^N-f Rpo[-«g^adÇÂQEr^r^SUk&sGabmQE£^ab`badce[I 9 19 L . . +. ". ³4 ;G,7 6<; A b#^//!$5G<'(.#T$'85 4 #!$# 4 "'(;G 6<; ;J!EC5 !E.F# 4 %;G¬;B%A(#-"'1%#^"'85 4 6<;G %5 4 %;J<" M7N-fcÂGrN-f@RTNDSU[-fUg^`dcQ$c_fk£TceN>]JgfN c@`bN>g^SjS_QE]RTN RTadN>SefUadce[ mnN cUceN>]c@N>][ GaLRTN>]O NFRTN>gTsVN>]& N>gTs O kmnr^`b[>mnN>]cQEabSUN-fiRTNW`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]DvjQES_QE]ceabN-fRTNWrN>SU8kSUmQE]O N-fi«g^a<RTaLfceab]^jg^N>]cO NPRTkmQEab]^NPRTN O N>`bg^apRTN-fl^N>g^SUaLfhceaL«g^N-f IM7N\r^`bgf[ GaLRTN>]cN-fhc `1QPSU[-fhk`bgTceabk]@N>®nO-Q&O NRTNr^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-f RTab®nO ab`bN-f G`oN>®+O-Q&O adce[ O kSUSUN-fUrk]RQE]caLO apQEgO-QES_Q&O¸ce¤>SUNrk`dG]^kmna1QE`pRTN-fQE`bjkSUadcel^mnN-fN cQEgTsnjQES_QE]ceabN-f RTN\«g QE`badce[RTN`1QPfhk`bgTÇ ceabk]«goab`Lf{k¹SUN>]c-Iªkm+mnN]^kgf`oqQ>k]fRT[h U½fUabj] QE`b[ O N W c -/6#
(144) Y
(145) # X$8
(146) Y %P#Z- X.66
(147) TRTNW`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk] O kmnr^`b¤ ceNiO N>`bg^aRTN-f l^N>g^SUaLfceaL«g^N-frkg^S `1QSU[-fhk`bgTceabk]RTNir^SUk£^`b¤>mnN-fSU[>N>`Lf>IG=QEaLf`oqQEr^r^SUk"sGabmQ$ceabk]rk`dJÇ ]^kmna1QE`bNfhNRTaLfhceab]^jg^N\r QESS!% 8:X."$"^- '4-U -U# _Ca
(148) #Z0V_.-
(149) Y026 "4#ZY$0V;
(150) #Z0fY _<`!%;J%."$"
Documents relatifs