• Aucun résultat trouvé

Le Centre d'Echanges de Lyon Perrache, son image, ses publics: Fonctions urbaines et dispositifs de prévention:

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "Le Centre d'Echanges de Lyon Perrache, son image, ses publics: Fonctions urbaines et dispositifs de prévention:"

Copied!
128
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)

HAL Id: hal-01162853

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01162853

Submitted on 12 Jun 2015

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

Le Centre d’Echanges de Lyon Perrache, son image, ses

publics: Fonctions urbaines et dispositifs de prévention:

Nicolas Fieulaine

To cite this version:

Nicolas Fieulaine. Le Centre d’Echanges de Lyon Perrache, son image, ses publics: Fonctions urbaines et dispositifs de prévention: : Rapport final de l’étude-action Centre d’Echanges de Lyon Perrache. [Rapport de recherche] Groupe de Recherche en Psychologie Sociale, Université Lyon 2. 2007. �hal-01162853�

(2)

! ! ! ! ! ! !

!"#$%!&'#()*#+,-."#"/#("(#0123+4(#5##

6)*4/+)*(#172-+*"(#"/#8+(0)(+/+9(#8"#07:;"*/+)*

#

# #

#

<-00)7/#9+*-3#8"#3=:/18">-4/+)*#

?#$"*/7"#8=%4@-*."(#8"#!A)*>&"77-4@"#B#

! ! ! "#$%!&'!()%*#+%',-&-./!%0-)+.-1-2$)!3)!4! !"#$%&'()"*+%&",*-( .&/01*(2*(3$,451*,#*'-( 61$+7*(2*(8*#9*1#9*(*,(:';#9$%$<"*(=$#"&%*(>?@(ABCDE-( F,'0"0+0(2*(:';#9$%$<"*-(G,"H*1'"05(I;$,(J( 56)0!&'!0#&&',#('.-#+!3)!4! @1,&+2(K5&%(L(8*M*##&(N*M*1-(( O57&10*P*,0(2*(:';#9$%$<"*(=$#"&%*-(G,"H*1'"05(I;$,(J( ( O5#*PM1*(JQQR

(3)
(4)

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

&+34'#+&!ST!! ! U?(.!&%1?1.!/!+%E%+6-%+!,%.!<(A,-6.!)%!5%++*67%!%&!,%.!-1&%+2%1*1&.!*K*1&!*66%<&'!)%!<*+&-6-<%+!/! ,0'&()%;!,%.!<%+.?11%,.!)%!,*!34$!5%++*67%!<?(+!,%(+!*66(%-,!%&!,%(+!*-)%;!*-1.-!9(%!,0V1-2%+.-&'!JK?1! ";!,%!LM%5H;!%&!,%!$,(.&%+!M'B-?1*,!)%!M%67%+67%!1PQ"!<?(+!,%(+!.?(&-%1!.6-%1&-D-9(%!%&!E*&'+-%,T! ! ! ! !

(5)
(6)

! !

!

"##$%&'

(

( %)*&"+,-*%") .../ 01(2344543(63(738443(39(:3:(2;<:919:... / "=>3298?:(63(4@A9563B1298;<(39(C41<(65(D1CC;D9 ... EF 0'(-')*&'(+@'-G$)H'!(+'(0I")BJ'&&$-G'(K(0%',L(J,M0%-!L(&'J&'!')*$*%")!('*(,!$H'! ...EN JDA:3<9198;<(65(-'0J... EN J%!AC&-E%1&!%&!.?1!7-.&?-+%TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QW J0-E*B%!)(!$IJ5TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QX H%.!D?16&-?1. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT "Y V.*B%.!%&!V.*B%+. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT "Q 0'(+%!J"!%*%O(+@')P,'*'...FQ 0@1CCD;?;<68::3R3<9(39(41(6A48R89198;<(63:(;=>3298?:... F/ J*!6?16%+&*&-?1!.(+!,*!)%E*1)%TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT "Z J%.!*<<(-.!)?6(E%1&*-+%.!%&!A-A,-?B+*<7-9(%. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT #Q HK1&7O.%!)%.!?A[%6&-D.!)',-E-&'.!)%!,0'&()%TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT #\ ,<3(6AR1D2S3(C45D8BRA9S;6;4;T8U53... VW J0?A.%+2*&-?1TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT #] J%.!9(%.&-?11*-+%.TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT #Z J%.!%1&+%&-%1. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT \Q H67'E*!+'6*<-&(,*&-D!)(!)'+?(,%E%1&!)%!,0'&()% TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT \" &'!,0*$*! ...XV 01(R8:3(3<(Y57D3(K(,<(93DD18<(68??82843(39(6A48219... XV J%.!-E<,-6*&-?1.!)%!,*!R!<+'.%16%!S TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT \# M%<'+*B%.!%&!<+-.%.!)%!6?1&*6& TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT \W 0@;=:3D7198;<... XZ V1!,-%(!+K&7E';!)%.!(.*B%.!2*+-'.;!)%.!<(A,-6.!)-DD'+%EE%1&!E?A-,%. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT \X V1!%.<*6%!)0*<<+?<+-*&-?1. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT ^Q GEA-B(-&'.!%&!6?1&+*)-6&-?1.!)*1.!,%.!D?16&-?1.!(+A*-1%.TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT ^W V1!1?18,-%(!)*1.!,*!2-,,%!_TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT ^W

(7)

! W! 03:(U53:98;<<18D3:...WZ $*+*6&'+-.&-9(%.!B'1'+*,%.!)%!,*!<?<(,*&-?1!-1&%++?B'% TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT^Z V1%!<?<(,*&-?1!<+'6*+-.'% TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTWQ >%.!<+?A,'E*&-9(%.!)-2%+.%. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTWQ 5+?A,'E*&-9(%.!)%!.*1&'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTW" J*!6?11*-..*16%!)%.!)-.<?.-&-D.!%&!,%.!+%6?(+.TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTW^ 5%+6%<&-?1.!%&!*&&%1&%.!*EA-B(`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a!D?+6%.!)%!.'6(+-&'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTXQ 5+?A,'E*&-9(%.;!%a<'+-%16%.!)%!,0*-)%!%&!1?18+%6?(+.!*(a!)-.<?.-&-D.TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTX# 03:(3<9D3983<: ...Q/ J%!$IJ5!6?EE%!,-%(!*EA-B(TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTZY 5(A,-6.!%&!<+?A,'E*&-9(%.!+%<'+'. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTZ" J%!.?(2%1-+!)%.!)'A?+)%E%1&. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTZ\ J%.!E?)*,-&'.!)0-1&%+2%1&-?1!%&!,*!2?,?1&'!)(!&+*2*-,!%1!+'.%*( TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTZ^ G&&%1&%.!%&!<+'6?1-.*&-?1. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTZW J%!*'!(+'(*&$[$%0('*(J&'-")%!$*%")!(K(0@%)*'&[')*%")(!"-%"B!$)%*$%&'(+$)!(0'(-'0J ... // '4AR3<9:(6@1<2D1T3(63(4@8<93D73<98;< ... E\F >%.!A%.?-1.!.*1.!)%E*1)%. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QY" J%!1?18+%6?(+.!%&!,%!+*<<?+&!/!,*!)%E*1)%TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QY# V1!,-%(!)-.9(*,-D-'!?(!)-.9(*,-D-*1&!_ TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QY# J*!6?E<,%a-&'!)%.!-1&%+2%1&-?1.!%a-.&*1&%. TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QY\ '<>35](39(R;61489A:(6@5<(68:C;:898?... E\W V1!,-%(!)0-1&%+2%1&-?1!%&!)%!)-..'E-1*&-?1!)%!,0?DD+%!<+'2%1&-2%!b!,%!$IJ5TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QY^ V1%!-1&%+2%1&-?1!D,?&&*1&%!<?(+!)%.!<+?A,'E*&-9(%.!<+'6*-+%.TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QYX G..(+%+!(1%!<+'.%16%;!&+*-&%+!,0(+B%16%;!-16*+1%+!,%.!)+?-&.TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QYX J0%1[%(!)%!,*!&%++-&?+-*,-.*&-?1TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QQY G6&-2*&-?1!%&!<%+.?11*,-.*&-?1!)%.!-1&%+2%1&-?1.!b!,%.!'6(%-,.!/!'2-&%+ TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QQQ I,*A?+*&-?1!%&!'2*,(*&-?1!)(!)-.<?.-&-D TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QQ"

(8)

! ] 03:(1CC58:((15(68:C;:898? ... EEX c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`... EFF M%M0%"H&$JG%' ...EFW $))'a'!...EFQ E(B(&A5<8;<:(63(41<23R3<9(39(63(=841< ... EF/ F(B(!b<9S_:3(CDA48R8<18D3(39(171<23R3<9 ... EWX V(c("5984:(63(&325384 ... ENF L(-)%!)0%1&+%&-%1TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QW" d(%.&-?11*-+%TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT QW^ X(B(-;<9129:... EZZ

(9)
(10)

! Z

%

)*&"+,-*%")

(

!

01(2344543(63(738443(39(:3:(2;<:919:(

! J%!<+?[%&!)%!E%&&+%!%1!<,*6%!(1%!R!'&()%8*6&-?1!S!2-.*1&!.<'6-D-9(%E%1&!,%!$%1&+%!)0I67*1B%.!)%!JK?18 5%++*67%!e$IJ5f!&+?(2%!.?1!?+-B-1%!*(!.%-1!)%!,0%.<*6%!)0'67*1B%!%&!)%!6?16%+&*&-?1!9(%!+%<+'.%1&%!,*! 6%,,(,%!)%!2%-,,%!R!5!6785/3)(,890:;3+26.()*<;0+!ST!>%.&-1'%!/!6??+)?11%+!,%.!*6&-?1.!)%!<+'2%1&-?1!

%&!)%!.'6(+-&'!.(+!,%!"OE%!*++?1)-..%E%1&!)%!JK?1;!6%&&%!6%,,(,%!,?6*,%!)%!2%-,,%!.0%.&!6?1.&-&('%!%1!"YYY;! *2%6! <?(+! ?A[%6&-D! <+-?+-&*-+%! )%! <%+E%&&+%! ,*! 6-+6(,*&-?1! )0-1D?+E*&-?1.! 6?16%+1*1&! ,%.! <+?A,OE%.! )%! .'6(+-&'! %&! ,*! 6?16%+&*&-?1! %1&+%! ,%.! *6&%(+.! -1&%+2%1*1&.! .(+! ,%! .-&%! )%! 5%++*67%T! ! >0*A?+)! 6%1&+'! %a6,(.-2%E%1&!.(+!,%!$IJ5;!6%!)-.<?.-&-D!*!%1.(-&%!'&%1)(!.?1!67*E<!)0*<<,-6*&-?1!/!)0*(&+%.!.%6&%(+.! *,%1&?(+.;! 6?EE%! ,*! <,*6%! $*+1?&! %&! ,*! <,*6%! GE<O+%T! H%! +'(1-..*1&! /! (1! +K&7E%! A-E%1.(%,;! 6%&&%! 6%,,(,%! 6?1.&-&(%! (1! %.<*6%! ?g! .?1&! '67*1B'%.! %&! 6?EE(1-9('%.! ,%.! -1D?+E*&-?1.! 6?16%+1*1&! ,%.! )-DD'+%1&.!<+?A,OE%.!9(%!67*6(1!)%.!*6&%(+.!+%16?1&+%!.(+!,%!.-&%;!%&!?g!.?1&!%12-.*B'%.!,%.!.?,(&-?1.!/! E%&&+%!%1!<,*6%T!

!

h?16&-?11*1&!)%<(-.!W!*1.;!,*!6%,,(,%!)%!2%-,,%!%.&!6?1.-)'+'%!<*+!6%(a!9(-!K!<*+&-6-<%1&!6?EE%!(1!?(&-,! %DD-6*6%! )%! 6??+)-1*&-?1! )%.! *6&-?1.! )%! .'6(+-&'! %&! )%! <+'2%1&-?1;! <%+E%&&*1&! (1! )-*,?B(%! %1&+%! ,%.! E(,&-<,%.!*6&%(+.!-1&%+2%1*1&!.(+!,%!.-&%T!>0*A?+)!6?E<?.'%!%..%1&-%,,%E%1&!)%.!D?+6%.!)%!.'6(+-&'!%&! )%.!B%.&-?11*-+%.!)(!.-&%;!6%&&%!6%,,(,%!.0%.&!<%(!/!<%(!?(2%+&%!/!)0*(&+%.!-1&%+2%1*1&.!-E<,-9('.!)*1.! ,%! 67*E<! )%! ,0*-)%! )0(+B%16%! eh?+(E! M'D(B-'.;! HG3V! .?6-*,;! *..?6-*&-?1! R!I1&+%&%E<.!Sf! %&! )%! ,*! <+'2%1&-?1! e5+'2%1&-?1! .<'6-*,-.'%fT! >%! <,(.;! )%<(-.! ,0-1.&*,,*&-?1! <+?2-.?-+%! )%! ,*! 34$! 5%++*67%8 5+%.9(0:,%! )*1.! ,0%16%-1&%! )(! $IJ5;! 6%&&%! )%+1-O+%! %.&! 'B*,%E%1&! <+'.%1&%! *(! .%-1! )%! ,*! 6%,,(,%! )%! 2%-,,%T!!

!

GK*1&! +'(..-! /! D?16&-?11%+! 6?EE%! (1! ,-%(! )%! 6??+)-1*&-?1! %&! )%! <+-.%! )%! )'6-.-?1.! +%,*&-2%.! *(a! <+?A,'E*&-9(%.!)%!.'6(+-&';!,*!6%,,(,%!)%!2%-,,%!e$=f!+%16?1&+%!1'*1E?-1.!)*1.!.?1!D?16&-?11%E%1&!)%.! ,-E-&%.! %&! )%.! )-DD-6(,&'.! +%6?11(%.! <*+! ,%.! *6&%(+.! 9(-! K! <*+&-6-<%1&T! >0(1%! <*+&;! 6?16%+1*1&! ,%.! E?)*,-&'.! )%! .?1! *6&-?1;! ,*! $=! D?16&-?11%! <+-16-<*,%E%1&! .%,?1! )%(a! <+-16-<%.! 9(-! .?1&! ,%! R!6*.! <*+! 6*.!S!%&!,%!R!6?(<!<*+!6?(<!ST!J0*.<%6&!-1D?+E%,!)%!.%.!+'(1-?1.;!%&!,*!.?(<,%..%!)(!6*)+%!-1.&-&(&-?11%,!

(11)

! QY!

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a! 1'6%..-&'.! %&! *(a! ?A[%6&-D.! )%! 6%&&%! 6%,,(,%;! 60%.&! ,0*a%! +'<+%..-D! *(! &+*2%+.! )(9(%,! .?1&! %12-.*B'%.! ,%.! <+?A,'E*&-9(%.! )%! .'6(+-&'! 9(-! 6?1.&-&(%! ,*! .%6?1)%! ,-E-&%! .?(,%2'%! <*+! ,%.! <*+&-6-<*1&.T! J*! 1*&(+%! )%.! <+?A,'E*&-9(%.! +%16?1&+'%.;! ,%(+! +'6(++%16%;! *-1.-! 9(%! ,%.! <?<(,*&-?1.! E*[?+-&*-+%E%1&! 6?16%+1'%.! <*+! ,%.! )'A*&.! )%! ,*! $=! .?(,-B1%1&! %1.%EA,%! ,0*16+*B%! .?6-*,! )%.! 9(%.&-?1.! )%! .'6(+-&'! 9(0%,,%! *! /! &+*-&%+! /! 67*6(1%! )%! .%.! +'(1-?1.T! J*! <*(2+%&';! ,*! <+'6*+-&'! .?6-*,%! %&! ,0%a6,(.-?1! .?1&! %1! %DD%&! *(! 6i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a6,(.-?1! .?6-*,%! %&! /! .%.! 6?1.'9(%16%.! ?(! .%.! 6?++',*&.! e.?(DD+*16%! <.K67-9(%;! '&*&! )%! .*1&';! -.?,%E%1&;!)-.6+-E-1*&-?1.jfT!

!

J0-1&'B+*&-?1!)0-1&%+2%1*1&.!.?6-*(a!)*1.!,*!$=;!*-1.-!9(%!,0-E<,-6*&-?1!)%!,*!34$!)*1.!.%.!&+*2*(a!?1&! D*2?+-.'!6%&&%!E-.%!%1!'2-)%16%!)%.!%1[%(a!.?6-*(a!,-'.!*(a!<+?A,'E*&-9(%.!.'6(+-&*-+%.T!G16+'.!)*1.! (1%! *<<+?67%! <,(.! B,?A*,%! %&! /! <,(.! ,?1B! &%+E%! )%.! <+?A,'E*&-9(%.;! ,%.! *6&%(+.! .?6-*(a! ?(! .?6-?8 6(,&(+%,.!)%!,*!6%,,(,%!)%!2%-,,%!?1&!<*+&-6-<'!/!D*-+%!'E%+B%+!)*1.!6%!6*)+%!(1%!+'D,%a-?1!.(+!,%.!,-E-&%.! )0(1%! *<<+?67%! +'<+%..-2%! %&! )0(1! ! &+*-&%E%1&! *(! 6*.! <*+! 6*.! %&! *(! 6?(<! <*+! 6?(<! )%.! <+?A,OE%.! .?(,%2'.!<*+!6%+&*-1%.!6*&'B?+-%.!-)%1&-D-'%.!)%!<?<(,*&-?1T!>O.!,?+.;!(1!)'A*&!+'6(++%1&!*(!.%-1!)%!,*! 6%,,(,%!)%!2%-,,%!*!'&'!)%!.0-1&%++?B%+!.(+!,%.!E?K%1.!/!E?A-,-.%+!<?(+!-1&%+2%1-+!.(+!6%.!<+?A,'E*&-9(%.;! %1! <*+&-6(,-%+! )*1.! (1! ,-%(! *(..-! .<'6-D-9(%! 9(%! ,%! $IJ5;! 9(-! 6?1.&-&(%! (1! )'D-! *(a! &%++-&?+-*,-.*&-?1.! %a-.&*1&%.!)%!,0-1&%+2%1&-?1!.?6-*,%!%&!E')-6?8.?6-*,%T!

!

J*!1'6%..-&'!)%!,*!6+'*&-?1!)0(1!)-.<?.-&-D!<+'2%1&-D!.<'6-D-9(%;!*)*<&'!*(!$IJ5;!*!*-1.-!'&'!%12-.*B'%;! *D-1!)%!<%+E%&&+%!,*!<+-.%!%1!6?E<&%!%&!,0-1&%+2%1&-?1!.(+!,%.!<+?A,'E*&-9(%.!.?6-*,%.;!E')-6?8.?6-*,%.! %&! <.K67?8.?6-*,%.;! 6?1.-)'+'%.! 6?EE%! 6?16?E-&*1&%.! /! 6%,,%.! <?.'%.!)*1.! ,%! )?E*-1%! .'6(+-&*-+%T!

(12)

! QQ

$%&&%! 1'6%..-&'! <?.'%;! ,*! 34$! 5%++*67%! *! <+?<?.'! 9(%! .?-&! +'*,-.'! (1! '&*&! )%.! ,-%(a! )%.! <+?A,'E*&-9(%.!%a-.&*1&%.!)*1.!6%.!)?E*-1%.;!9(-!<?(++*-&!6?1.&-&(%+!(1!)-*B1?.&-6!.?6-*,!<%+E%&&*1&! )0(1%! <*+&! )0?A[%6&-2%+! ,%.! 6?1.&*&.! -..(.! )%! ,*! $=;! )0'&()-%+! ,*! D*-.*A-,-&'! )0(1! )-.<?.-&-D! .<'6-D-9(%! )0-1&%+2%1&-?1! <+'2%1&-2%! %&! )0%1! <+'6-.%+! '2%1&(%,,%E%1&! ,%.! E?)*,-&'.! *(! &+*2%+.! )%! ,0',*A?+*&-?1! )%! <+'6?1-.*&-?1.T! I1! %DD%&;! Ek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a! <?<(,*&-?1.! .*1.8*A+-! *K*1&! D*-&! ,0?A[%&! )*1.! ,%! <*..'! )0'&()%.! .<'6-D-9(%.! e#=>! G+A%&;! @?(+B%?-.! l! @,*167%&;! QZZ\f;! %&! A'1'D-6-*1&! )%! )-.<?.-&-D.! )')-'.! e=%-,,%! H?6-*,%;! 7'A%+B%E%1&.! )0(+B%16%fT!!

!

J*! 2?,?1&'! )%! E%&&+%! %1! <,*6%! (1%! +%67%+67%! )%! 1*&(+%! .6-%1&-D-9(%;! *D-1! )0?A[%6&-2%+! ,%.! 6?1.&*&.! +'6(++%1&.! )%! ,*! $=! %&! )0*<<+?D?1)-+! ,*! 6?11*-..*16%! )%.! <?<(,*&-?1.! E*+B-1*,-.'%.! D+'9(%1&*1&! ,%! $IJ5;!.-!%,,%!.0*16+%!)*1.!,0*6&-2-&'!)%!,*!$=!*!'B*,%E%1&!+%16?1&+'!,0-1&'+k&!%&!A'1'D-6-'!)(!.?(&-%1!)(! $?1.%-,!L'1'+*,!)(!M7N1%T!>0(1%!<*+&;!,%!$IJ5!%1!&*1&!9(%!<N,%!E(,&-E?)*,!)%!&+*1.<?+&!6?16%1&+%!)%.! <?<(,*&-?1.!-..(%.!1?1!.%(,%E%1&!)%!,*!=-,,%;!E*-.!'B*,%E%1&!)%!,0*BB,?E'+*&-?1!e&+*Em*K;!E'&+?f;!)(! )'<*+&%E%1&! e,-B1%.! -1&%+(+A*-1%.f;! )%! ,*! +'B-?1! ec+*-1.! +'B-?1*(af;! )(! &%++-&?-+%! 1*&-?1*,! )*1.! .?1! %1.%EA,%!eB+*1)%.!,-B1%.f;!%&!)0*(&+%.!<*K.!%(+?<'%1.!e,-B1%.!)%!A(.!-1&%+1*&-?1*,%.fT!>0*(&+%!<*+&;!,%.! 6?E<'&%16%.!)(!>'<*+&%E%1&!)*1.!,%!)?E*-1%!)%!,0*6&-?1!.?6-*,%!%1!D?1&!(1!*6&%(+!<*+&-6(,-O+%E%1&! 6?16%+1'!<*+!,%!<+?[%&!)%!+%1D?+6%+!,0?DD+%!<+'2%1&-2%;!%&!<*+!,%!.?(6-!)0-1&'B+%+!6%&&%!?DD+%!)*1.!,%!+'.%*(! )%.!)-.<?.-&-D.!-1.&-&(&-?11%,.!?(!*..?6-*&-D.!%a-.&*1&.T!J0-E<,-6*&-?1!)(!$?1.%-,!L'1'+*,!)*1.!,*!E-.%!%1! <,*6%! )%! ,0'&()%! *! *E%1'! /! *66%1&(%+! 6%&! *a%! )%! 9(%.&-?11%E%1&! 6?16%+1*1&! ,%.! 1-2%*(a! )%! 6?E<'&%16%!&%++-&?+-*,%!6?16%+1'.!<*+!,%!$IJ5;!%&!,%!+*<<?+&!9(%!,%.!<(A,-6.!)(!$IJ5!%1&+%&-%11%1&!*(a! )-.<?.-&-D.!%a-.&*1&.T!!

!

$%&&%!'&()%8*6&-?1!*!*-1.-!'&'!%1B*B'%!%1!+'<?1.%!/!(1%!)%E*1)%!*+&-6(,*1&!&+?-.!9(%.&-?11%E%1&.!b! !

- >0(1%! <*+&;! 9(%,.! .?1&! ,%.! <(A,-6.! 9(-! D+'9(%1&%1&! ,%! $IJ5;! .(.6%<&-A,%.! )%! A'1'D-6-%+! )0(1! )-.<?.-&-D!<+'2%1&-D!*a'!.(+!,%.!<+?A,'E*&-9(%.!.?6-?8.*1-&*-+%.!_!

(13)

! Q"!

- >0*(&+%!<*+&;!9(%,!+*<<?+&!6%.!<(A,-6.!%1&+%&-%11%1&!/!,0?DD+%!<+'2%1&-2%!%a-.&*1&%;!6?E<&%!&%1(! )%!,%(+.!.-&(*&-?1.!%&!)%!,%(+!?+-B-1%!&%++-&?+-*,%!_!

- >0*(&+%! <*+&;! 9(%,,%.! .?1&! ,%.! E?)*,-&'.! .%,?1! ,%.9(%,,%.! <?(++*-&! k&+%! E-.! %1! <,*6%! (1! +%1D?+6%E%1&!)%!,0-1&%+2%1&-?1!<+'2%1&-2%!.(+!,%!$IJ5!%&!.%.!*,%1&?(+.!*(!&+*2%+.!)0(1!)-.<?.-&-D! .<'6-D-9(%!*)*<&'!*(a!%1[%(a!<?.'.!<*+!,%!,-%(!%&!.%.!<(A,-6.!_! !

"=>3298?:(63(4@A9563B1298;<(39(C41<(65(D1CC;D9(

! $0%.&!.(+!,*!A*.%!)%!6%&&%!)%E*1)%!-..(%!)0(1!)-*,?B(%!%1&+%!(1%!)-2%+.-&'!)0*6&%(+.!*(a!D?16&-?1.!%&! *(a!6?E<'&%16%.!&%++-&?+-*,%.!E(,&-<,%.!9(%!,%!<+-16-<%!)0(1%!'&()%8*6&-?1!6?16%+1*1&!,%!$IJ5!%&!.%.! <(A,-6.! *! '&'! +%&%1(T! J0*<<%,,*&-?1! )0!R!'&()%8*6&-?1!S! 6?++%.<?1)! /! ,*! 2?,?1&'! )0*+&-6(,%+! )*1.! (1%! Ek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a<%+&-.%T! $%&&%! )-E%1.-?1! <*+&-6-<*&-2%! -E<,-9(%!*(..-;!%1!&%+E%!)0!R!*6&-?1!S;!9(%!,%!)'+?(,%E%1&!EkE%!)%!,*!+%67%+67%!<(-..%!*E%1%+!,%.! *6&%(+.!-E<,-9('.!/!*)?<&%+!(1!*(&+%!<?-1&!)%!2(%!.(+!,%.!<7'1?EO1%.T!J0%1.%EA,%!)(!<+?6%..(.!)%! +%67%+67%;! )%! .?1! ',*A?+*&-?1! &7'?+-9(%! /! .*! E-.%! %1! i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

!

J%.! ?A[%6&-D.! )%! 6%&&%! '&()%8*6&-?1! +%<?.%1&! .(+! ,%.! &+?-.! *a%.! )%! 9(%.&-?11%E%1&! .&+(6&(+*1&! ,*! )%E*1)%!b!

!

(14)

! Q#

!"I&()-%+! ,%! +*<<?+&! 9(%! 6%.! <(A,-6.! %1&+%&-%11%1&! *(a! )-.<?.-&-D.! )%! <+'2%1&-?1! .?6-*,%! %&! .*1-&*-+%!%a-.&*1&.!n!

!"I2*,(%+! ,*! <%+&-1%16%;! ,*! D*-.*A-,-&'! %&! ,%.! E?)*,-&'.! )0(1! +%1D?+6%E%1&! )%! ,0-1&%+2%1&-?1! <+'2%1&-2%!<*+!,*!E-.%!%1!<,*6%!)0(1!)-.<?.-&-D!.<'6-D-9(%!*)*<&'!*(!$IJ5!%&!/!.%.!<(A,-6.T! !

H(+! ,*! A*.%! )%! 6%.! ?A[%6&-D.;! 1?&+%! )'E*+67%! *! 6?1.-.&'! /! 6?1.&+(-+%! (1! )-.<?.-&-D! )%! +%67%+67%! 9(-! +'<?1)%! *(a! )-DD'+%1&.! %1[%(a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a! ?A[%6&-D.;! *(a! <(A,-6.!2-.'.!%&!*(!6?1&%a&%!.<*&-*,!%&!&%E<?+%,!)%!,0'&()%T!I1D-1;!-,!'&*-&!1'6%..*-+%!)%!B*+*1&-+!,0*.<%6&! R!*6&-D!S! )%! ,*! +%67%+67%;! %1! *..?6-*1&! ,%.! *6&%(+.! /! .*! +'*,-.*&-?1;! %&! %1! B*+)*1&! /! ,0%.<+-&! ,0?A[%6&-D! )0',*A?+*&-?1! )%! <+'6?1-.*&-?1.! 6?16+O&%.;! .*1.! <?(+! *(&*1&! .?(E%&&+%! ,0%1.%EA,%! )%! ,*! )'E*+67%! /! )%.!<%+.<%6&-2%.!)0*<<,-6*&-?1.T!

!

J0*<<+?67%! B'1'+*,%! 9(-! *! B(-)'! 6%! &+*2*-,! )%! +%67%+67%!.0-1.6+-&! )*1.! ,%! )?E*-1%! .6-%1&-D-9(%! )%! ,*! <.K67?,?B-%! .?6-*,%;! 9(-! .%! )?11%! <?(+! ?A[%&! <+-2-,'B-'! ,%.! -1&%+*6&-?1.! 9(-! .0'&*A,-..%1&! %1&+%! ,%.! -1)-2-)(.! e,%(+.! +%<+'.%1&*&-?1.! %&! ,%(+.! <+*&-9(%.f! %&! ,%(+.! 6?1&%a&%.! e.-&(*&-?1.! .?6-*,%.;! D*E-,-*,%.;! *<<*+&%1*16%!B+?(<*,%;!,-%(a!)%!2-%;!+*<<?+&.!*(a!-1.&-&(&-?1.fT!h?1)'%!.(+!(1!R!,-%(!S!?g!.0*16+%1&!)%.! <+*&-9(%.! .<'6-D-9(%.! e<*..*B%;! )'*EA(,*&-?1;! .&*&-?11%E%1&jf;! 6%&&%! +%67%+67%! *)?<&%! (1%! <%+.<%6&-2%! -1&%++?B%*1&! ,%.! %a<'+-%16%.;! <+*&-9(%.! %&! +%<+'.%1&*&-?1.! <%+.?11%,,%.! ,-'%.! /! ,0%.<*6%! 6?EE%!)%.!<7'1?EO1%.!6?1.&+(-&.!%1!+*<<?+&!*(a!.-&(*&-?1.!6?,,%6&-2%.;!*(a!6?1)-&-?1.!)%!2-%!%&!*(a! 2*,%(+.;! 6+?K*16%.! ?(! 1?+E%.! 9(-! &+*2%+.%1&! (1! %1.%EA,%! .?6-*,T! J%! $IJ5;! %1! &*1&! 9(0%1&-&'! *+67-&%6&(+*,%;!,-%(!)0*6&-2-&'.;!%&!%.<*6%!)%!+*<<?+&.!.?6-*(a;!1%!<%(&!k&+%!/*:3'(3'!-.?,'!)%.!%.<*6%.! (+A*-1.!e9(*+&-%+;!2-,,%;!+'B-?1f!?(!.?6-*(a!e)?11'%.!.?6-?8'6?1?E-9(%.;!*-)%!.?6-*,%;!.&+(6&(+%.!.?6-?8 6(,&(+%,,%.! %&! ')(6*&-2%.jf! <,(.! ,*+B%.T! J%.! )-E%1.-?1.! ?A[%6&-2%.! %&! .(A[%6&-2%.! )%! 6%.! 1-2%*(a! )0*1*,K.%!1%!.?1&!<*.!?<<?.'%.;!E*-.!'&()-'%.!)*1.!,%(+.!*+&-6(,*&-?1.!*(!&+*2%+.!)%.!%a<'+-%16%.!%&! <+*&-9(%.!+%,*&'%.!<*+!,%.!*6&%(+.;!9(-!.0',*A?+%1&!%1!+*<<?+&!/!,%(+!*16+*B%!)*1.!,%!,-%(!.&+(6&(+'!9(%! +%<+'.%1&%!,%!$IJ5T! ! J%!+%6(%-,!)%!,0-1D?+E*&-?1;!,0%19(k&%;!)%2*-&!)?16!+%<?.%+!/!,*!D?-.!.(+!,0?A.%+2*&-?1!%&!,0-1&%++?B*&-?1!)%.! <+*&-9(%.!%&!)%.!.-&(*&-?1.!%DD%6&-2%.;!%&!.(+!,0%a<,?+*&-?1!)%.!<%+6%<&-?1.!%&!+%<+'.%1&*&-?1.!.(A[%6&-2%.!

(15)

! Q\!

e-1)-2-)(%,,%.! %&! 6?,,%6&-2%.f! )(! ,-%(! %&! )%.! D*-&.! 9(-! .0K! )'+?(,%1&T! J%! 6+?-.%E%1&! )%! 6%.! )?11'%.;! +*<<?+&'%.! *(a! 6*+*6&'+-.&-9(%.! )%.! <?.-&-?1.! .?6-*,%.;! <%+E%&!)0'&*A,-+! )%.! 6?1.&*&.! <.K67?.?6-*(a;! 6%1&+'.!.(+!,%.!+%,*&-?1.!9(-!.0'&*A,-..%1&!%1&+%!,%!,-%(;!,%.!+%<+'.%1&*&-?1.;!,%.!<+*&-9(%.!%&!,0%.<*6%!<,(.! ,*+B%!e,?B-9(%.!(+A*-1%.!%&!+%,*&-?1.!.?6-*,%.fT!!

!

J%! )'+?(,%E%1&! )%! ,*! +%67%+67%! *! 67%+67'! /! +'<?1)+%! *(a! ?A[%6&-D.! %1! +%.<%6&*1&! 6%.! )-DD'+%1&%.! %a-B%16%.;!&?(&!%1!.0*)*<&*1&!*(!&%++*-1!)%!.*!+'*,-.*&-?1;!,%!$IJ5T!V1%!<+%E-O+%!'&*<%!2-.*-&!/!<+%1)+%! 6?11*-..*16%!)(!,-%(;!/!,0?A.%+2%+!%&!/!.%!)?6(E%1&%+;!*D-1!)%!<+%1)+%!,*!E%.(+%!)%!.*!6?E<,%a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k&+%!E-%(a!6?11(.;!?(!D*-+%!,0?A[%&!)0(1%!-1&%+2%1&-?1!<+'2%1&-2%!+%1D?+6'%!?(! +%<%1.'%T!V1%!&+?-.-OE%!'&*<%!*!6?1.-.&'!/!+%6(%-,,-+!*(!&+*2%+.!)0(1%!)'E*+67%!)0%19(k&%!)-+%6&%!,%.! -1D?+E*&-?1.! .(+! ,%! &%++*-1! *(<+O.! )%.! <(A,-6.! 6?EE%! )%.! *6&%(+.;! %1! *+&-6(,*1&! )%.! )?11'%.! )0?A.%+2*&-?1! )(! .-&%;! )%.! +%16?1&+%.! -1D?+E%,,%.! *2%6! .%.! (.*B%+.;! )%.! 9(%.&-?11*-+%.! .&*1)*+)-.'.! 6?1.&+(-&.!/!<*+&-+!)%.!*a%.!)%!9(%.&-?11%E%1&.;!%&!)%.!%1&+%&-%1.!*<<+?D?1)-.T!>*1.!(1%!9(*&+-OE%! '&*<%;! )?1&! ,%! <+'.%1&! )?6(E%1&! 6?1.&-&(%! ,0(1! )%.! ','E%1&.;! -,! .0*B-..*-&! )0*1*,K.%+! ,%.! )?11'%.! +%6(%-,,-%.;! )0%1! D*-+%! (1%! .K1&7O.%! *(! &+*2%+.! )%! 6?1.&*&.! <+-16-<*(a! %&! )%! <+'6?1-.*&-?1.;! %&! )%! 6?EE(1-9(%+!6%&&%!.K1&7O.%!/!,*!D?-.!<*+!,*!+')*6&-?1!)0(1!+*<<?+&!)%!+%67%+67%!%&!,*!E-.%!%1!i(2+%!)%! +%.&-&(&-?1.!<%+E%&&*1&!,*!)-DD(.-?1!%&!,*!)-.6(..-?1!)%.!+'.(,&*&.!)*1.!(1%!)'E*+67%!<*+&-6-<*&-2%T! ! U?(.!<+'.%1&%+?1.!*-1.-!)*1.!,%.!)-DD'+%1&%.!<*+&-%.!)(!+*<<?+&!,%.!+'.(,&*&.!)%!6%!&+*2*-,!)%!+%67%+67%;! 9(-!D(&;!*(8)%,/!)%.!6?1.&*&.!9(0-,!<%+E%&!)%!)+%..%+;!,0%a<'+-%16%!)0(1%!+%16?1&+%!*2%6!(1!&%++*-1!+-67%;! 6?E<,%a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a! )%! <+'.%1&%+! )*1.! (1%! <+%E-O+%!<*+&-%!,%!$IJ5!%1!,(-8EkE%;!.?1!*+67-&%6&(+%;!.?1!7-.&?-+%!%&!.%.!D?16&-?1.;!%&!)0?(2+-+!.(+!,%.!

(16)

! Q^

7K<?&7O.%.!9(*1&!/!.%.!.<'6-D-6-&'.;!9(-!1?(.!?1&!<%+E-.!%1.(-&%!)%!B(-)%+!,0%1.%EA,%!)%!1?&+%!&+*2*-,T! >*1.!(1%!.%6?1)%!<*+&-%;!1?(.!<+'.%1&?1.!,*!E'&7?)?,?B-%!%&!,%.!?(&-,.!9(%!1?(.!*2?1.!(&-,-.'!<?(+! +'*,-.%+!,0%19(k&%!)%!&%++*-1T!J0*E<,%(+!)%.!<+?A,'E*&-9(%.!*A?+)'%.!%&!,*!)-2%+.-&'!)%.!<(A,-6.!2-.'.! 1?(.! ?1&! *E%1'.! /! *)?<&%+! (1%! )'E*+67%! <,(+-8E'&7?)?,?B-9(%;! )?1&! ,0?A[%6&-D! %.&! )*2*1&*B%! )%! 6+?-.%+! %&! )0*+&-6(,%+! ,%.! )?11'%.! +%6(%-,,-%.! 9(%! )%! <+?6')%+! /! ,%(+! .-E<,%! *66(E(,*&-?1T! >*1.! (1%! &+?-.-OE%!<*+&-%;!1?(.!<+'.%1&?1.!,%.!+'.(,&*&.!)%.!)-DD'+%1&%.!?<'+*&-?1.!)%!+%67%+67%T!M%<+%1*1&!,%.! <+-16-<*(a!6?1.&*&.!)%.!<7*.%.!)0?A.%+2*&-?1;!)%!9(%.&-?11*-+%.!%&!)0%1&+%&-%1.;!6%&&%!<+'.%1&*&-?1!.%! 2%(&!*(!<,(.!<+O.!)%.!)?11'%.!+%6(%-,,-%.;!)*1.!,0?A[%6&-D!<+%E-%+!)0?A[%6&-2*&-?1!)%.!<+?A,'E*&-9(%.T! >*1.!(1%!9(*&+-OE%!<*+&-%;!1?(.!<+'.%1&?1.!,%.!<-.&%.!)%!&+*2*-,!%&!,%.!<+'6?1-.*&-?1.!9(%!,%.!+'.(,&*&.! )%! ,0'&()%! )%! &%++*-1! 1?(.! *EO1%1&! /! %12-.*B%+T! $%1&+'%.! .(+! ,0?A[%6&-D! )0'&()-%+! ,*! <%+&-1%16%;! ,*! D*-.*A-,-&'!%&!,%.!E?)*,-&'.!)%!,*!E-.%!%1!<,*6%!)0(1!)-.<?.-&-D!+%1D?+o*1&!,0-1&%+2%1&-?1!<+'2%1&-2%!.(+!,%! $IJ5;! 6%.! <+?<?.-&-?1.! 2-.%1&! /! 6?1.&-&(%+! (1! <?-1&! )%! )'<*+&! <?(+! (1%! +'D,%a-?1! 6?,,%6&-2%! *2%6! ,%.! *6&%(+.;!%&!%1!*(6(1!6*.!/!?DD+-+!(1!)-.<?.-&-D!6,'.!%1!E*-1T!J%!&%E<.!)%.!+%.&-&(&-?1.!%12-.*B'%.!*<+O.! ,*!+%E-.%!)(!<+'.%1&!+*<<?+&!)%2+?1&!<%+E%&&+%!)%![(B%+!)%!,%(+!<%+&-1%16%;!%&!)0%1B*B%+!(1!&+*2*-,!)%! )-.6(..-?1! -1)-.<%1.*A,%! /! ,*! E-.%! %1! <,*6%! %DD%6&-2%! %&! *)*<&'%! )0(1! 1?(2%*(! )-.<?.-&-D;! .-! ! .*! 1'6%..-&'!%.&!6?1D-+E'%!)*1.!,%.!'67*1B%.T!I1D-1;!(1%!.K1&7O.%!.?(.!D?+E%!)%!6?16,(.-?1.!<+?<?.%! )%.!*1B,%.!)0*1*,K.%!%&!)0-1&%+<+'&*&-?1!)%.!%1[%(a!.?(,%2'.!<*+!,%!$IJ5!%&!.%.!<(A,-6.;!*-1.-!9(%!<*+! ,%!<?-1&!)%!2(%!)%.!*6&%(+.!)%!,*!<+'2%1&-?1;!%&!.?(,-B1%!9(%!.-!6%&&%!'&()%!*<<?+&%!)%.!','E%1&.!)%! +'<?1.%!*(a!9(%.&-?1.!<?.'%.!/!.?1!?+-B-1%;!%,,%!*EO1%!*(..-!/!6?1.-)'+%+!,%!$IJ5!6?EE%!(1%!%1&-&'! (+A*-1%!.-B1-D-6*&-2%!)%.!E(&*&-?1.!.?6-*,%.!6?1&%E<?+*-1%.;!%&!)?16!6?EE%!(1!.(<<?+&!)0-1-&*&-2%.!%&! )%!+%67%+67%.!D(&(+%.T! ! ! !

(17)

! QW!

0

'(

-

')*&'(+

@'

-G$)H'!(+'(

0

I")

BJ

'&&$-G'

(K(0

%',

L(

J,M0%-!

L(

&'J&'!')*$*%")!('*(,!$H'!

(

!

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i(+!)%!,*!2-,,%!E*-.!&?([?(+.!(1!<%(!R!%1!E*+B%!S;!,-%(!)%! <*..*B%!E*-.!*(..-!,-%(!)%!2-%;!,%!$IJ5!%.&!E*+9('!<*+!)%.!6?1&+*)-6&-?1.;!%1!<*+&-%!-..(%.!)%!.?1! 7-.&?-+%T! !

JDA:3<9198;<(65(-'0J(

! 6+*CD,'0+),*+,*&()*B'&,('3+* ! 3-.!%1!67*1&-%+!%1!QZ]";!,%!$IJ5!%.&!-1*(B(+'!,%!"^![(-1!QZ]WQT!I9(-<%E%1&!D?16&-?11%,;!.?1!?A[%6&-D! %..%1&-%,! %.&! )%! +*<<+?67%+! ,%.! -1D+*.&+(6&(+%.! )%.! )-DD'+%1&.! E?)%.! )%! &+*1.<?+&!! %&! )%! D*6-,-&%+! ,%.! '67*1B%.!%1&+%!&+*1.<?+&.;!-1)-2-)(%,.!%&p?(!6?,,%6&-D.T!H-&('!.(+!,q*16-%1!6?(+.!)%!=%+)(1;!,%!$IJ5!%.&! (1! <?1&! (+A*-1! 9(-! D+*167-&!%1!,q-1&'B+*1&!,q%.<*6%!*(&?+?(&-%+!%&!+?(&-%+;!?+B*1-.%!,%!+%B+?(<%E%1&!)%! &?(.!,%.!.%+2-6%.!)%!&+*1.<?+&.!(+A*-1.!%&!.(A(+A*-1.;!%&!9(-!+%,-%!,*!<,*6%!$*+1?&!*(!U?+)!%&!,%!&%++%8 <,%-1!)%!,*!B*+%!)%!5%++*67%!*(!H()T!r+-%1&'!%.&8?(%.&!<%+<%1)-6(,*-+%E%1&!/!,*!<+%.9(q:,%;!-,!+*..%EA,%! *(8)%..(.!)q(1!1i()!*(&?+?(&-%+!%&!+?(&-%+!%1!<,%-1!6%1&+%82-,,%;!(1%!.&*&-?1!)%!E'&+?;!(1%!.&*&-?1!)%! &+*Em*K;! )%.! .&*&-?1.! )%! A(.;! (1%! B*+%! +?(&-O+%;! (1%! .&*&-?1! )%! &*a-.;! (1! 2*.&%! <*+s-1B;! (1! 6%1&+%! 6?EE%+6-*,;! )%.! [*+)-1.! .(.<%1)(.;! (1! 6%1&+%! )%!6+'*&-?1!%&!)%!D?+E*&-?1!*+&-.&-9(%;!(1%!34$!%&!(1! E*-,!<-'&?11-%+!9(-!+%,-%!,%!AC&-E%1&!<+-16-<*,!/!,*!B*+%!HU$h)%!5%++*67%T!!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

(18)

! Q]

!

>q(1%! %a&+*?+)-1*-+%! 6?E<,%a-&';! 60%.&! (1! AC&-E%1&! )%! "^Y! E! )%! ,?1B;! )%! "Y! /! #]! E! )%! 7*(&%(+! %&! )0%12-+?1!QYY!YYY!E"!)%!.(+D*6%;!*(a!2?,(E%.!%&!*(a!.&+(6&(+%.!)'6?(<'.!)%!D*o?1!&+O.!1%&&%!)*1.! ,q%.<*6%T!F,!%.&!6?1.&-&('!)q(1%!<*+&-%!6%1&+*,%!%1!*6-%+!+%2k&(%!%1!D*o*)%!)%!B,*6%.;!<?(+2(%!/!67*6(1! )%! .%.! *1B,%.! )q(1%! &?(+! 6K,-1)+-9(%! <%+E%&&*1&! ,q*66O.! *(a! *(&?E?A-,%.T! >%! 67*9(%! 6N&';! )%(a! ','E%1&.! -E<?.*1&.! %1! A'&?1! <+?,?1B%1&! ,%! AC&-E%1&! .%,?1! (1%! ?+-%1&*&-?1! %.&8?(%.&;! .(+! ! ,%! &?-&! )%.9(%,.!?1&!'&'!-1.&*,,'.!)%.![*+)-1.!.(.<%1)(.T!F,!%.&!6?E<?.'!)%!)-DD'+%1&.!1-2%*(a!%E<-,'.!)?1&!,%.! D?16&-?1.! .?1&!,%.! .(-2*1&%.! b! 1-2%*(! 8Q!b! ,q%1.%EA,%! )(! &+*D-6! *(&?+?(&-%+! %&! +?(&-%+! .q%DD%6&(%! %1&+%! M7N1%! %&! H*N1%;! .%,?1! ,q*a%! %.&8?(%.&T! U-2%*(! Y!b! .&*&-?1! )%! E'&+?;! &+*Em*KT! $q%.&! 'B*,%E%1&! /! 6%! 1-2%*(!9(%!,%!&+*1.-&!+?(&-%+!H()81?+)!%.&!*..(+'T!U-2%*(!Q!b!,q-EE%1.%!.*,,%!)q'67*1B%.!eQXYY!E"f!+'B-&! ,q%1.%EA,%!)(!&+*1.-&!<*..*B%+!%1&+%!,%!E'&+?!.-&('!*(8)%..?(.;!,%.!.&*&-?1.!)q*++-2'%!%&!)%!)'<*+&!)%.! A(.;!,%.!<?.&%.!)q%EA*+9(%E%1&8)'A*+9(%E%1&!)%.!6*+.!.-&('.!)*1.!,*!B*+%!+?(&-O+%;!,*!B*+%!HU$h!%&! ,%.!.&*&-?1.!)%!&*a-.T!U-2%*(!QA-.!b!J%.!&?-,%&&%.!%&!,%.!,?6*(a!)%!B%.&-?1!)(!.-&%T!U-2%*(!"!b!*(8)%..(.! )%! ,*! .*,,%! )q'67*1B%.;! ,*! B*,%+-%! E*+67*1)%! %1! +?&?1)%;! &+*2%+.'%! <*+! ,%! E*-,! <-'&?11-%+;! ,*! <*+&-%! 6%1&+*,%!2-)%!'&*1&!?66(<'%!<*+!(1!-E<?.*1&!,(.&+%T!>%!<*+&!%&!)q*(&+%;!?+B*1-.'%.!%1!)%(a!A,?6.!%.&8 ?(%.&!)*1.!(1%!'1?+E%!6*-..%!)%!A'&?1!*[?(+'%!%&!.(+!)%(a!1-2%*(a!e1-2%*(a!"!%&!#f;!QTYYY!<,*6%.!)%! <*+s-1B.T! U-2%*(! #!b! ,%.! <*+s-1B.! %&! ,%(+! *66O.! *2%6! 6*-..%.! *(&?E*&-9(%.T! U-2%*(! \!b! V1! %.<*6%! /! ,q?+-B-1%!6?1.*6+'!/!,qI.<*6%!JK?11*-.!)qG+&!$?1&%E<?+*-1!eD%+E'!*(!)'A(&!)%.!*11'%.!ZYf;!E*-1&%1*1&! ?66(<'!<*+!,*!34$!%&!,%!c>3F!%1!*66O.!6N&'!H*N1%!e?(%.&f;!%&!(1%!7*,&%8B*+)%+-%!/!,*9(%,,%!?1!*66O)%! <*+!,%!6N&'!M7N1%!eI.&fT!>%!67*9(%!6N&'!)%!6%&!%.<*6%;!(1%!<,*6%!7*(&%!*2%6![*+)-1!%&!*-+%.!)%![%(a! .(.<%1)(.! )%! Q"TYYY! E"T! J%.! ,-*-.?1.! %1&+%! ,%.! )-DD'+%1&.! 1-2%*(a! .%! D?1&! %..%1&-%,,%E%1&! 2%+&-6*,%E%1&! %1! %E<+(1&*1&! )%.! %.6*,*&?+.! E?1&*1&;! )%.! *.6%1.%(+.! 2-&+'.;! %&! )%.! %.6*,-%+.! %&! <*..%+%,,%.;!.-&('.!)%!<*+&!%&!)q*(&+%!)%!,q','E%1&!6%1&+*,T!I1!QZXQ;!(1%!<*..%+%,,%!+%,-*1&!,%!$IJ5!/!,*! L*+%! HU$h! %.&! 6?1.&+(-&%! %1! <+?,?1B%E%1&! )(! U-2%*(! "T! !$?(2%+&%! )%! )NE%.! %1! <,%a-B,*.;! %,,%! %.&! *66%..-A,%!)-+%6&%E%1&!)(!6?(+.!)%!=%+)(1!<*+!)%.!%.6*,*&?+.!%.6*,-%+.!%&!*.6%1.%(+.!.-&('.!.(+!,%.! 6N&'.T!r(&+%!,%!,*+B%!<*..*B%!<%+E%&&*1&!*(a!1?EA+%(a!<*..*1&.!)%!.%!6+?-.%+;!%,,%!*A+-&%!)0(1!6N&'! (1%!7*,&%82?K*B%(+.!6?1D%..-?11%,,%;!,%.!,?6*(a!)%!,0*..?6-*&-?1!I1&+%&%E<.!%&!(1!<?.&%!)%!5?,-6%;!%&! )%!,0*(&+%!,%.!,?6*(a!*)E-1-.&+*&-D.!%&!,0*66(%-,!)%!,*!34$!%&!6%(a!)%!,*!$rVMJt;!B%.&-?11*-+%!)(!.-&%T! !

Jq?(2+*B%! )*1.! .?1! %1.%EA,%! *<<*+*:&! )'2?,(! /! ,*! 6-+6(,*&-?1;! %a6%<&-?1! D*-&%! )%.! [*+)-1.! .-&('.! %1! &%++*..%T!J%.!1?EA+%(a!D,'67*B%.;!%&!,*!6?1D-B(+*&-?1!EkE%!)%.!,-%(a!-12-&%1&!*(!<*..*B%;!*(!&+*1.-&;!%&! &?(&! .&*&-?11%E%1&! %.&! ?+-%1&'! 2%+.! ,%.! E*+B%.! )%.! 2?-%.! <+-16-<*,%.! )%! 6-+6(,*&-?1T! 3*,B+'! 6%&&%! D?16&-?11*,-&'!6%1&+*,%!)(!$IJ5!9(-!%.&!6%,,%!)%!<,*&%8D?+E%!E(,&-8E?)*,%;!,0-E<,*1&*&-?1!)%!6%,(-86-!%1!

(19)

! QX! <,%-1!6%1&+%82-,,%;!%&!,0?A[%6&-D!)%!.?1!-1&'B+*&-?1!/!,0*a%!1?+)8.()!)%!,*!2-,,%!+%1)!.%.!D?16&-?1.!%&!.%.! (.*B%.!A-%1!<,(.!E(,&-<,%.!9(0-,!<%(&!<*+*:&+%!*(!<+%E-%+!*A?+)T!I1!%DD%&;!.-!)%.!-1D+*.&+(6&(+%.!.-E-,*-+%.! .-&('%.!/!,*!<'+-<7'+-%!)%.!2-,,%.!<%(2%1&!%DD%6&-2%E%1&!10*2?-+!6?EE%!.%(,%!2?6*&-?1!9(%!6%,,%!)%!,-%(! )%!&+*1.-&;!,%!$IJ5;!')-D-'!.(+!(1!%.<*6%!7-.&?+-9(%E%1&!6?1.*6+'!*(a!,?-.-+.;!*(a!+%16?1&+%.!%&!/!,*! )'*EA(,*&-?1!e,%!6?(+.!)%!=%+)(1!'&*-&!*2*1&!,*!6?1.&+(6&-?1!)%!,0*(&?+?(&%!%&!,0')-D-6*&-?1!)(!$IJ5!(1! ,*+B%! E*-,! ?g! .0-E<,*1&*-%1&! )%.! E*+67'.;! )%.! Dk&%.! D?+*-1%.;! )%.! *6&-2-&'.! )%! ,?-.-+.! %&! )0%1&+*-)%! &+*)-&-?11%,,%!?(!<*+?-..-*,%f!)%2*-&!.%!)?11%+!<?(+!2?6*&-?1!)%!6?1.&-&(%+!'B*,%E%1&!(1!6%1&+%!)%!2-%;! (1!%.<*6%!)*1.!,*!2-,,%!6?1.*6+'!/!,*!)'*EA(,*&-?1!e,%.![*+)-1.f!%&!/!,*!6(,&(+%!e,0I.<*6%!JK?11*-.!)0G+&! $?1&%E<?+*-1fT!$%&&%!*EA-B(u&'!)(!$IJ5;!6?EE(1%!/!)%!1?EA+%(a!,-%(a8E?(2%E%1&!)*1.!,%.!2-,,%.! eG,,*+)!l!*,T!QZZW!n!r,,-2+?;!QZZWf;!+%<?.%!.(+!,%!D*-&!9(0-,!?.6-,,%!)*1.!,0-E*B-1*-+%!%&!)*1.!,%.!D*-&.!%1&+%! ,-%(!)%!2-%!%&!1?18,-%(!)')-'!*(!&+*1.-&;!%1&+%!,-%1!)*1.!,*!2-,,%!%&!)'E*+6*&-?1!+%1D?+o*1&!,*!)-.6+-E-1*&-?1! (+A*-1%T!I,,%!*EO1%!'B*,%E%1&!/!6%!9(%;!,?-1!)0k&+%!&?(.!)-+%6&%E%1&!)')-'.!/!(1%!D?16&-?1!.<'6-D-9(%;! )%!1?EA+%(a!%.<*6%.!)*1.!,%!$IJ5!.?1&!%1!+'*,-&'!*8D?16&-?11%,.;!&%,,%E%1&!2?('.!%a6,(.-2%E%1&!*(! <*..*B%! 9(0-,.! ,*-..%1&! ,*! <?..-A-,-&'! /! 6%(a! 9(-! .0K! *++k&%1&! )%! .%! ,%.! *<<+?<+-%+! ,-A+%E%1&T! G(! 6+?-.%E%1&!)%.!D?16&-?1.!%&!(.*B%.!<+'2(.;!+'.-)%1&!%1!%DD%&!)%.!%.<*6%.!-1&%+E')-*-+%.;!*1?1KE%.;! 6?1.&-&(&-D.! )0?<<?+&(1-&'.! )0*<<+?<+-*&-?1.! <?(+! &?(.! 6%(a! 9(-;! <?(+! (1%! +*-.?1! ?(! <?(+! (1%! *(&+%;! &+?(2%1&!)-DD-6-,%E%1&!,%(+!<,*6%!*-,,%(+.!)*1.!,*!2-,,%!eM?(,,%*(8@%+B%+;!QZZ^fT! ! 6E'0/F+*-%*5!67* ! $?EE%!,%!+*<<%,,%!(1!*+&-6,%!+'6%1&!)%!J-A'+*&-?1;!R!9*6.()G*:(%3,/),G*$+*#+),3+*)H/*I/0/'&*J,J*(CI+,*-+* ='+3,J*S;!A-%1!*(!6?1&+*-+%T!rA[%&!)%!6?1&+?2%+.%.!%&!)%!2-2%.!?<<?.-&-?1.!)O.!.*!6?16%<&-?1!%1!QZ]"!<*+! ,0'9(-<%!)%!,0*+67-&%6&%!M%1'!L*BO.;!!,%!$IJ5!%.&!(1!'9(-<%E%1&!.-!)'6+-'!/!JK?1!e#=>!J0%19(k&%!)%! JK?18$*<-&*,%! <*+(%! ,%! QX! *?v&! QZZZf! 9(%! ,*! 9(%.&-?1! )%! .*! )%.&+(6&-?1! *! '&'! <?.'%! <+%.9(%! -EE')-*&%E%1&!*<+O.!.?1!-1*(B(+*&-?1;!%&!6?1&-1(%!/!?66(<%+!,%.!%.<+-&."T!H-;!E*,B+'!,0*66?+)!<+%.9(%! (1*1-E%!.(+!,%!R!:3(C$;0+!S!<?.'!<*+!,%!$IJ5;!.*!)%.&+(6&-?1!10%.&!<*.!2+*-E%1&!/!,0?+)+%!)(![?(+;!60%.&! 9(%!6%&!'9(-<%E%1&!+%E<,-!(1%!D?16&-?1!-1)-.<%1.*A,%!<?(+!,0*+&-6(,*&-?1!)%.!E?)%.!)%!)'<,*6%E%1&.! )*1.!,*!2-,,%;!%&!<?(+!,0-1&'B+*&-?1!)%.!2?-%.!+?(&-O+%.!9(-!&+*2%+.%1&!,%!6%1&+%82-,,%!)%!JK?1!e*(&?+?(&%.! GW!%&!G]fT!>O.!,0?+-B-1%;!,%!$IJ5!*!'&'!<%1.'!6?EE%!(1!'9(-<%E%1&!(+A*-1!9(-!<*+!.*!<,*6%!)*1.!,*! 2-,,%!1%!<?(2*-&!.%!,-E-&%+!/!.*!D?16&-?1!)%!<N,%!)0'67*1B%T!J0%1[%(!)%!.?1!-1&'B+*&-?1!(+A*-1%!*!*E%1'! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! "!#=>!,%!@-,*1!.K1&7'&-9(%!)%!,*!6?16%+&*&-?1!%DD%6&('%!%1&+%!QZZX!%&!"YY"!<*+!,*!HI3!JK?18$?1D,(%16%;!e7&&<bppmmmT,K?18 6?1D,(%16%TD+p)*&*p)?6w6?1&%a&(%,p@-,*1w.K1&7%&-9(%w)%w,*w6?16%+&*&-?1ww"YY"wT<)Df;!%1!<*+&-6(,-%+!<<T!#8\!n!X!n!Q"!! T!!

(20)

! QZ

.%.!6?16%<&%(+.!/!,0%12-.*B%+!6?EE%!(1!2'+-&*A,%!R!,-%(!)%!2-%!S;!*+&-6(,*1&!.%.!D?16&-?1.!)-+%6&%.!,-'%.! *(!&+*1.-&!%1&+%!&+*1.<?+&.!/!(1%!?DD+%!)%!.%+2-6%.!%&!)%!,?-.-+.;!)%.&-1'%!/!D*-+%!)(!6%1&+%!)0'67*1B%.!(1! ,-%(!?1!,0?1!1%!D*-&!<*.!9(%!<*..%+;!E*-.!'B*,%E%1&!(1!,-%(!?g!,0?1!.0*++k&%T!

!

J*! 9(%.&-?1! )%! ,0-1&'B+*&-?1! (+A*-1%! )(! $IJ5! '&*-&! (1! %1[%(! )0*(&*1&! <,(.! -E<?+&*1&! 9(%! .?1! -E<,*1&*&-?1!6?(+*-&!,%!+-.9(%!)%!+%1D?+6%+!(1%!.6-..-?1!)*1.!,*!2-,,%!.'<*+*1&!,%.!9(*+&-%+.!+'.-)%1&-%,.! *-.'.!.-&('.!*(!.()!)%!,*!<,*6%!@%,,%6?(+!*(a!9(*+&-%+.!-1)(.&+-%,.!%&!<?<(,*-+%.!.-&('.!)0*(&+%!6N&'!)%!,*! B*+%! )%! 5%++*67%T! $%&&%! D+?1&-O+%;! E*&'+-*,-.'%! )0*A?+)! <*+! ,%.! 2?-%.! )%! 67%E-1! )%! D%+;! <(-.! <*+! ,*! 6?1.&+(6&-?1!)%!,0*(&?+?(&%;!*!'&'!%1!9(%,9(%!.?+&%!R!+'*6&(*,-.'%!S!<*+!,*!6?1.&+(6&-?1!)(!$IJ5T!3*,B+'! )%.!*E'1*B%E%1&.!2-.*1&!/!*..(+%+!(1%!<%+.<%6&-2%!%1!<+?D?1)%(+!)%<(-.!,*!<,*6%!$*+1?&!e,*!D*o*)%! %1!2%++%!+'D,'67-..*1&f;!,%!$IJ5!%.&!6?1.-)'+'!)O.!,0?+-B-1%!<*+!,%.!7*A-&*1&.!)(!.()!)%!,*!<+%.9(0:,%! 6?EE%! ,%! .-B1%! )0(1%! 2?,?1&'! )%! E*+9(%+! <,(.! %16?+%! ,*! D+?1&-O+%! %1&+%! ,%.! 9(*+&-%+.! <?<(,*-+%.! )%! 5%++*67%! %&! ,%.! 9(*+&-%+.! <,(.! *-.'.! )(! 6%1&+%82-,,%T! J%.! <%(+.! %&! ,%.! +(E%(+.! ,-'%.! /! 6%&&%! D+?1&-O+%! (+A*-1%;!*16+'%.![(.9(%!,/!)*1.!,%!D*-&!)%!R!:/&&+3*$+&*4(K,+&!S!e<*..*B%.!%1&+%!,%!1?+)!%&!,%!.()!)%!,*! <+%.9(0:,%! .-&('.! .?(.! ,*! B*+%! )%! 5%++*67%f! 2?1&! .%! +%<?+&%+! %1! <*+&-%! .(+! ,%! $IJ5;! *,-E%1&*1&! (1%! E*(2*-.%!-E*B%!)(!,-%(!9(%!.?1!*+67-&%6&(+%!1%!6?1&+%)-&!<*.;!*(!6?1&+*-+%T!5%+o(!6?EE%!-1&%+,?<%;!*(! EkE%! &-&+%! 9(%! &?(&! 9(*+&-%+! )%! B*+%! e4?.%<7;! QZZ]f;! ,%! 9(*+&-%+! .()! )%! 5%++*67%! 6+-.&*,,-.%! )%.! <+?A,'E*&-9(%.!.?6-?8(+A*-1%.!9(%!,*!<+'.%16%!)%!,*!<+-.?1!H*-1&!5*(,!1%!<*+&-6-<%!<*.!/!*&&'1(%+T! !

G-1.-!)O.!,0?+-B-1%;!,%!$IJ5!%.&!(1!,-%(!E*+9('!<*+!.?1!*EA-B(u&'!%&!.%.!<*+*)?a%.T!J-%(!)%!&+*1.-&;!-,!.%! 2%(&!'B*,%E%1&!,-%(!)0*6&-2-&'.;!)%!2-%!n!'9(-<%E%1&!D?16&-?11%,;!-,!.%!<?.%!6?EE%!<*..%+%,,%!)*1.!,*! 2-,,%;! E*-.! E*&'+-*,-.%! %1! EkE%! &%E<.! (1%! D+?1&-O+%! *16+'%! )*1.! ,07-.&?-+%! %&! ,%! <%(<,%E%1&! )%.! 9(*+&-%+.!%12-+?11*1&.!n!)-.<?.-&-D!(+A*-1!-1)-.<%1.*A,%!/!,0-1&%+E?)*,-&';!-,!%.&!+'B(,-O+%E%1&!E%1*6'!)%! )%.&+(6&-?1!?(!)%!+'*E'1*B%E%1&.!%1!<+?D?1)%(+T!G2%6!&?(.!.%.!<*+*)?a%.;!,%!$IJ5!1%!6?1.&-&(%!<*.! <?(+! *(&*1&! (1! ,-%(! D-B'! )?1&! ,0-E*B%! .%+*-&! D-a'%! (1%! D?-.! <?(+! &?(&%.T! J07-.&?-+%! )(! $IJ5;! 60%.&! 'B*,%E%1&! ,07-.&?-+%! )%!.%.!6+-.%.;!)%.!)'A?+)%E%1&.!9(0-,!*!<(!6?11*:&+%;!E*-.!*(..-!,07-.&?-+%!)%!,*! &+*1.D?+E*&-?1!(+A*-1%!)(!.()!)%!,0:,%T!G!6%!&-&+%;!60%.&!(1!,-%(!)?1&!,0-E*B%!%.&!%1!<%+<'&(%,!E?(2%E%1&;! 9(%!6%!E?(2%E%1&!.?-&!%1B*B'!)%!,0-1&'+-%(+!e,0'E%+B%16%!/!-1&%+2*,,%.!+'B(,-%+.!)%!R!6+-.%.!Sf!?(!)%! ,0%a&'+-%(+! e,%.! &+*1.D?+E*&-?1.! (+A*-1%.! )%.! 9(*+&-%+.! *,%1&?(+.fT! J%! <+?[%&! R!JK?18$?1D,(%16%!S! )%! +%9(*,-D-6*&-?1!(+A*-1%!)%!,0%1.%EA,%!)(!.()!)%!,*!<+%.9(0:,%!6?1.&-&(%!/!6%&!'B*+)!(1!%1[%(!E*[%(+!<?(+! ,%! $IJ5;! &?(&! *(&*1&! )0*-,,%(+.! 9(%! ,%! $IJ5! +%<+'.%1&%! (1%! 9(%.&-?1! 6+(6-*,%! )*1.! ,%.! 1?(2%,,%.! )K1*E-9(%.!(+A*-1%.!9(%!6%&&%!+%9(*,-D-6*&-?1!67%+67%!/!-E<(,.%+T!

(21)

! "Y!

$%.!.<'6-D-6-&'.!9(-!.0*&&*67%1&!*(!$IJ5!*EO1%1&!/!.?(,-B1%+!/!9(%,!<?-1&!6%!,-%(!1%!<%(&!k&+%!%12-.*B'! 6?EE%!-1)'<%1)*1&!)%!.*!<,*6%!)*1.!(1!%12-+?11%E%1&!<,(.!,*+B%;!9(%!6%,(-86-!.?-&!.?6-*,;!(+A*-1!?(! .KEA?,-9(%T! H-! 1?&+%! '&()%! .0%.&! <+-16-<*,%E%1&! *&&*67'%! *(a! <7'1?EO1%.! -1&%+1%.! *(! $IJ5;! 1?(.! *2?1.!6?1.6-%16%!)%!,0%1[%(!9(%!+%<+'.%1&%!<?(+!,0*2%1-+!,*!9(%.&-?1!<,(.!,*+B%!)%!,*!<,*6%!)(!$IJ5! )*1.!,*!2-,,%!%&!.?1!7-.&?-+%;!<*..'%!%&!D(&(+%T! ! L+&*=()#,'()&* ! I1!+')(-.*1&!,*!D?6*,%!*(!$IJ5!%1!,(-8Ek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a%E<,%! )*1.! 6%+&*-1.! &+*2*(a! .(+! ,%.! <N,%.! )0'67*1B%.!E(,&-E?)*(a!e#=>!L+*.;!QZZ"!n!=*1)%+**;!QZ]]fT!I1!%DD%&;!-,!<*+2-%1&!/!?+B*1-.%+!%&!/!B'+%+! ,%.!D,(a!%1&+%!<*.!E?-1.!)0(1%!)-x*-1%!E?)%.!)%!)'<,*6%E%1&.;!9(%!6%(a86-!.?-%1&!-1)-2-)(%,.!e2?-&(+%.;! <-'&?1.;!&*a-.;!2',?.f!?(!6?,,%6&-D.!eA(.!(+A*-1.;!-1&%+(+A*-1.!%&!-1&%+1*&-?1*(a!n!&+*Em*K;!E'&+?;!&+*-1fT! !

G&&*67'%!/!6%&&%!D?16&-?1!E(,&-E?)*,%;!(1%!?DD+%!)%!.%+2-6%.!*..?6-'.!%.&!)%.&-1'%!/!D*6-,-&%+!,0*66(%-,;! ,0?+-%1&*&-?1! %&! ,*! 6-+6(,*&-?1! )%.! 2?K*B%(+.T! J%.! B(-67%&.!)%.! )-DD'+%1&.! B%.&-?11*-+%.! )%.! E?)%.! )%! &+*1.<?+&.! <+'.%1&.;! ,%.! )-.&+-A(&%(+.! )%! A?-..?1;! ?(! %16?+%! ,%.! 6?EE%+6%.! )%! +%.&*(+*&-?1! 6?++%.<?1)%1&! *(a! D?16&-?1.! )%! .%+2-6%.! )-+%6&.! %&! 6?11%a%.! eH&*&7?<?(,?.;! GE*+! l! 5%1K;! QZZQf! 6?1.&-&(*1&! ,0%.<*6%! -1&%+1%! )(! $IJ5T! G! 6%.! .%+2-6%.! ?1! <%(&! *[?(&%+! 'B*,%E%1&! ,%.! R!.%+2-6%.! &+*1.2%+.*(a!S;!9(-!.?1&!E-.!%1!i(2+%!<*+!,%.!B%.&-?11*-+%.!)(!,-%(;!E*-.!1?1!E?A-,-.'.!)-+%6&%E%1&! <*+!,%.!(.*B%+.!e1%&&?K*B%;!.'6(+-&';!*..-.&*16%fT! ! I1D-1;!/!6%.!*.<%6&.!R!&+*1.<?+&!S!%&!R!.%+2-6%.!S!9(%!)?-&!6?1&%1-+!&?(&!<N,%!)0'67*1B%.!e#=>!J%D%A2+%!%&! J%$?++%;!QZZXf;!.0*[?(&%!,*!D?16&-?1!(+A*-1%!9(-!6?++%.<?1)!/!,0-1.6+-<&-?1!)%!,0'9(-<%E%1&!)*1.!,*!2-,,%T! G(8)%,/!)%!,*!6?11%6&-2-&'!*..(+'%!<*+!,*!.-B1*,'&-9(%!)*1.!,*!2-,,%;!6%&&%!D?16&-?1!-E<,-9(%!,*!!<+'.%16%! )*1.!,%!,-%(!)0*6&-2-&'.!)%.&-1'%.!&?(&!/!,*!D?-.!/!,%!2*,?+-.%+!%&!/!2*,?+-.%+!,*!2-,,%!/!<*+&-+!)%!,(-T!r1!<%(&! )-.&-1B(%+!*(!.%-1!)(!$IJ5!)-DD'+%1&.!'9(-<%E%1&.!)%.&-1'.!/!6%&!(.*B%!)0*1-E*&-?1!%&!)%!2*,?+-.*&-?1!b!

(22)

! "Q

,%.![*+)-1.!.(.<%1)(.;!.-&('.!%1!&%++*..%!n!,%!c>3F;!,*!34$;!*16-%11%E%1&!,0%.<*6%!)0%a<?.-&-?1!IJG$;! %&!'B*,%E%1&!,*!B*,%+-%!E*+67*1)%!9(-!-1&OB+%!)%.!%.<*6%.!)%!2%1&%!)-.&-16&.!)%!,0?DD+%!&+*)-&-?11%,,%! ,-'%!/!,0'&*<%!2?K*B%(+.!e$*D'.;!@+*..%+-%.;!.1*6s.;!&*A*68<+%..%jfT!G<<(K'%!/!,*!<+?A,'E*&-9(%!)%! ,-%(! )%! <*..*B%;! -,! D*(&! )0?+%.! %&! )'[/! .?(,-B1%+! 9(%! 6%&&%! D?16&-?1! (+A*-1%! %.&! 6?E<,'&'%! <*+! ,*! <+'.%16%!)%!)-.<?.-&-D.!2-.*1&!/!<?+&%+!*..-.&*16%!*(a!(.*B%+.;!%1!<*+&-6(,-%+!6%(a!)?1&!,%!)'<,*6%E%1&! <?(++*-&! +%,%2%+! )*2*1&*B%! )%! ,0%++*16%! ?(! )%! ,0%a-,! 9(%! )(! 2?K*B%;! 6?EE%! ,*! 7*,&%82?K*B%(+.;! ?(! %16?+%!,0*66(%-,!I1&+%&%E<.!)%.&-1'!*(a!D*E-,,%.!.*1.!)?E-6-,%T!

!

G(8)%,/!)?16!)%!.?1!*EA-B(u&'!%1!9(%,9(%!.?+&%!%a&%+1%;!,%!$IJ5!+%6O,%!(1%!6?E<,%a-&'!-1&%+1%!,-'%!/! ,*! E(,&-<,-6-&'! )%! .%.! D?16&-?1.! e&+*1.<?+&;! .%+2-6%! (+A*-1%f! 9(-! -E<,-9(%! &?(&! *(&*1&! (1%! E(,&-<,-6-&'! )0%.<*6%.;! )0*6&%(+.! %&! )0(.*B%+.! %1! .-&(*&-?1! )%! 6?7*A-&*&-?1T! U?(.! 1%! 1?(.! *++k&%+?1.! <*.! .(+! ,*! E(,&-<,-6-&'!)%.!*6&%(+.!)%!+'B(,*&-?1!)(!.-&%;!)?1&!,%.!6?1.'9(%16%.!?1&!'&'!*1*,K.'%.!<*+!*-,,%(+.!e#=>! =*,,%&;!"YY#f;!E*-.!<,(&N&;!%1!+*<<?+&!/!,*!)%E*1)%;!.(+!6%,,%!)%.!(.*B%.!%&!)%.!(.*B%+.!)?1&!,0*1*,K.%! )%2*-&!1?(.!<%+E%&&+%!)%!6%1&+%+!1?&+%!'&()%!.(+!,%.!<(A,-6.!)(!$IJ5!<?&%1&-%,,%E%1&!6?1D+?1&'.!/!)%.! .-&(*&-?1.!)%!2(,1'+*A-,-&'!?(!)%!E*+B-1*,-&'#!.?6-*,%T! ! M&/F+&*+,*M&/F+3&* ! G!<*+&-+!)%.!D?16&-?1.!)'6+-&%.;!?1!<%(&!*-.'E%1&!)-.&-1B(%+!)-DD'+%1&.!(.*B%.!D?16&-?11%,.\!)(!,-%(;!1?18 %a6,(.-D.;!E*-.!9(-!?1&!)%.!-E<,-6*&-?1.!2*+-*A,%.!.(+!,0?66(<*&-?1!)%!,0%.<*6%!b! ! !">0(1%!<*+&;!,%.!<(A,-6.!9(-!(&-,-.%1&!,%!$IJ5!%1!+*<<?+&!/!.*!D?16&-?1!R!&+*1.<?+&!S;!60%.&!/!)-+%! 6%(a!9(-!&+*1.-&%1&!%1&+%!)%(a!E?)%.!)%!)'<,*6%E%1&!%&p?(!9(-!*&&%1)%1&!(1!&+*1.<?+&!6?,,%6&-DT!! !">0*(&+%!<*+&!6%(a!9(-!?1&!+%6?(+.!/!,*!D?16&-?1!.%+2-6%;!60%.&!/!)-+%!6%(a!9(-!(&-,-.%1&!,%.!B(-67%&.! e*(&?E*&-9(%.! ?(! 1?1f;! 9(-! 6?1.(,&%1&! ,%.! <,*1.! %&! ,%.! -1)-6*&-?1.;! ?(! 9(-! .?,,-6-&%1&! (1%! -1D?+E*&-?1!*(<+O.!)%.!,-%(a!?(!<%+.?11%.!+%..?(+6%.T!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! #!R!3*+B-1*,-&'!S!%.&!-6-!%1&%1)(%!*(!.%1.!)%!R!)-.&*16-*&-?1!.?6-?8.<*&-*,%!S;!N,3+*O*$/*0/3F+*+%12?K*1&!/!,*!D?-.!/!(1!%.<*6%! <'+-<7'+-9(%!E*-.!*(..-!/!,0-1.%+&-?1!)*1.!,%.!+*<<?+&.!.?6-*(a!e4'+NE%;!"YY"f! ! \!5*+!(.*B%!R!D?16&-?11%,!S!?1!%1&%1)!(1%!(&-,-.*&-?1!)(!,-%(!)-+%6&%E%1&!)'&%+E-1'%!<*+!(1%!)%.!D?16&-?1.!<+'2(%.!%&!)?16! +'B(,'%.!<*+!,%.!B%.&-?11*-+%.!)(!.-&%T!

(23)

! ""! !"I1D-1;!,%.!<(A,-6.!9(-!D+'9(%1&%1&!,%.!'9(-<%E%1&.!,-'.!/!,*!D?16&-?1!(+A*-1%;!60%.&!/!)-+%!6%(a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a!S;!9(-!6?++%.<?1)%1&!/!(1%!*6&-2-&'!<,(.!E-1?+-&*-+%!*(!+%B*+)!)(!&+*1.-&;!.?1&! ?+B*1-.'.!)%!&%,,%!D*o?1!9(%!,%(+.!<?-1&.!)0*16+*B%!,-'.!*(a!D?16&-?1.!<+'2(%.!<(-..%1&!.*1.!)-DD-6(,&'! .0*+&-6(,%+! /! ,*! E?A-,-&'! )%.! <*..*B%+.T! J%.! x?1%.! )0*&&%1&%.! .?1&! *-1.-! .-&('%.! 7?+.! )%.! x?1%.! <+-16-<*,%.! )%! <*..*B%;! ,%.! .%+2-6%.! e6?EE%+6%.;! B(-67%&.f! .?1&! )-.<?.'.! %1! <'+-<7'+-%! *(&?(+! )%.! *a%.! )%! )'<,*6%E%1&;! %&! ,%.! *6&-2-&'.! ,-'%.! /! ,*! D?16&-?1! (+A*-1%! .?1&! .-&('%.! *(8)%..(.;! /!(1!'&*B%! .(<'+-%(+! e[*+)-1.;! *6&-2-&'.! .?6-?86(,&(+%,,%.;! ! 7*,&%8B*+)%+-%fT! $%.! )-DD'+%1&.! (.*B%.! %&! (.*B%+.! 1'6%..-&%1&! )%! ,*! <*+&! )%.! B%.&-?11*-+%.! )(! ,-%(! (1! &+*2*-,! )0*+&-6(,*&-?1! )%.! D?16&-?1.! 9(-! .?-&! %1! 6?7'+%16%!*2%6!,*!)-.<?.-&-?1!)%.!,-%(aT!G-1.-;!*6&-2-&'.!%&!%.<*6%!.?1&!%1!-1&%+)'<%1)*16%;!E%&&*1&!%1! [%(! )%.! D,(a! %&! )%.! <?-1&.! )%! .&*&-?11%E%1&! ?(! )%! 6?1&*6&;! %&! ,*! B%.&-?1! )(! .-&%! )?-&! D*2?+-.%+! ,*! 6-+6(,*&-?1!&?(&!%1!<%+E%&&*1&!9(%!.?-&!E?A-,-.'%!D*6-,%E%1&!,0?DD+%!)%!.%+2-6%.^T!

!

$?EE%! &?(&! %.<*6%! <(A,-6! )')-'! *(! &+*1.-&! e,-%(8E?(2%E%1&;! #=>! 4?.%<7;! QZZZ!n! @?11%&! l! >%.[%(a;! "YYYf;!)0*(&*1&!<,(.!9(%!.-&('!%1!<,%-1!6%1&+%82-,,%;!,%.!(.*B%.!)(!$IJ5!1%!.%!+')(-.%1&!<*.!/!6%(a! )-+%6&%E%1&!,-'.!*(a!D?16&-?1.!<+'2(%.T!>%.!D,(a!%&!(.*B%.!R!-1D?+E%,.!S!%&!)'&?(+1'.!.%!.?1&!&+O.!2-&%! *[?(&'.!*(a!2?6*&-?1.!?+-B-1%,,%.!)(!.-&%;!<%+o(.!6?EE%!<,(.!?(!E?-1.!)'+*1B%*1&.!?(!-1)'.-+*A,%.;!%1! D?16&-?1!)%!,%(+!6?1&+*)-6&-?1!<%+o(%!*(!A?1!D?16&-?11%E%1&!)%!,0%1.%EA,%T!J%.!&+*2*(a!E%1'.!.(+!6%.! (.*B%.!R!1?186?1D?+E%.!S!?1&!.?(,-B1'!/!<,(.-%(+.!+%<+-.%.!9(%!,%!$IJ5!R!%.&!)%2%1(!,0(1!)%.!+%D(B%.! )%.! R!%a6,(.!S! 9(-! &+*1.D?+E%1&! )%! D*-&! 6%! ,-%(! )0'67*1B%.! %1! (1! %.<*6%! )%! .&*B1*&-?1!S! eG+A%&! l! @?(+B%?-.;! QZZ\;! <T! ]Wf;! %&! 9(%! 6%.! <?<(,*&-?1.! R!-1)'.-+*A,%.!S! 6?1.&-&(%1&! ,0(1! )%.! <+-16-<*(a! .(<<?+&.!)0(1%!+%<+'.%1&*&-?1!)(!$IJ5!6?EE%!%.<*6%!)0-1.'6(+-&'!e=*,,%&;!"YY#fT!I1!%DD%&;!/!,0-E*B%! )%!&?(&%.!,%.!B*+%.!?(!%.<*6%.!<(A,-6.!)%!&+*1.-&;!,%!$IJ5!D*2?+-.%!(1!A+*..*B%!)%.!<?<(,*&-?1.;!%&! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

^!G!6%&&%!6??+)-1*&-?1!)%.!(.*B%.!)%!,0%.<*6%!.0*[?(&%!(1%!1'6%..-&'!)%!6??+)-1*&-?1!)%.!*6&%(+.!-E<,-9('.!)*1.!,0*6&-2-&'!)(!

$IJ5T! $7*9(%! D?16&-?1! +%12?-%! %1! %DD%&! /! (1! *6&%(+! .<'6-D-9(%;! +%.<?1.*A,%! )%! ,*! B%.&-?1! <+?<+%! )%! .?1! *6&-2-&';! ,%.! B%.&-?11*-+%.! )(! $IJ5! '&*1&! <+-16-<*,%E%1&! 67*+B';! *(8)%,/! )%.! .%+2-6%.! )-&.! R!&+*1.2%+.*(a!S! e1%&&?K*B%;! .'6(+-&';! %1&+%&-%1f;!)0*..(+%+!,%(+!A?11%!6??+)-1*&-?1T!

(24)

! "#

6?1.&-&(%! (1! ,-%(8+%D(B%! <?(+! )%.! <(A,-6.! %1! .-&(*&-?1! )%! B+*1)%! <+'6*+-&';! %1! <*+&-6(,-%+! )%<(-.! ,%.! E?(2%E%1&.!)%!<+-2*&-.*&-?1!)%!,0%.<*6%!(+A*-1!%1B*B'.!)*1.!,%.!*11'%.!]Y!e#=>!c%++?,,%;!"YY\WfT!G!6%! &-&+%;!6?EE%!,%!+%E*+9(%!4(,-%1!>*E?1!/!<+?<?.!)%.!B*+%.!%1!B'1'+*,;!,%!$IJ5!6?1.&-&(%!(1!R!E-+?-+! )%! ,*! 9(%.&-?1! .?6-*,%!S! e>*E?1;! QZZWf;! +%D,%&! )%.! %a6,(.-?1.! .?6-*,%.! %&! )%.! +'*6&-?1.! 9(0%,,%.! .(.6-&%1&T!$%&&%!<+'.%16%!)%!<?<(,*&-?1.!)'D*2?+-.'%.!.?(,O2%!)%(a!%1[%(a!)-.&-16&.!E*-.!+%,-'.!%1&+%! %(a;! )?1&! &'E?-B1%1&! A-%1! ,%.! )%(a! +*<<?+&.! 6?1.*6+'.! /! 6%! .([%&;! 6%,(-! )%! ,0*-)%! /! *<<?+&%+! /! 6%.! <?<(,*&-?1.!eG+A%&!l!*,T!QZZ\f;!%&!6%,(-!)%.!+'<%+6(..-?1.!)%!6%&&%!<+'.%16%!%1!&%+E%.!)%!.'6(+-&'!?(! )0*B+'E%1&!)%.!(.*B%+.!e=*,,%&;!"YY#fT!

!

J%.! +*<<?+&.! )0'&()%! .(+! ,%! $IJ5! <%+E%&&%1&! )%! )-.<?.%+! *! <+-?+-! )0(1%! &K<?,?B-%! .?EE*-+%! )%! 6%.! <?<(,*&-?1.! D*-.*1&! (1! (.*B%! R!1?1! 6?1D?+E%!S! )(! .-&%;! %&! .(.6-&*1&! 67%x! )-DD'+%1&.! *6&%(+.! )%.! 9(%.&-?11%E%1&.!%1!&%+E%.!)0*-)%!?(!)%!.'6(+-&'!b!

!

8!,%.!H>h!b!+%6?(2+*1&!)%.!.-&(*&-?1.!7'&'+?BO1%.;!6%&&%!6*&'B?+-%!6?16%+1%!,%.!<%+.?11%.!%1!.-&(*&-?1! )%!B+*1)%!<+'6*+-&'!)'<?(+2(%.!)%!,?B%E%1&!%&p?(!(&-,-.*1&!,%.!7'A%+B%E%1&.!)0(+B%16%T!F,!<%(&!.0*B-+! )%!R!<%+E*1%1&.!S;!?(!R!6,?67*+).!S;!.?(2%1&!)0(1!!6%+&*-1!CB%;!9(-!<*+!,%(+!<+'.%16%!)%!,?1B(%!)*&%! *(! $IJ5! D-1-..%1&! <*+! k&+%! 6?11(.! )%.! .%+2-6%.! )%! <+'2%1&-?1;! %&! %1! 9(%,9(%! .?+&%! R!D*-+%! <*+&-%! )(! <*K.*B%!S!n! )%! H>h! e?(! .*1.! *A+-f! *)(,&%.! 9(-! &+?(2%1&! <+?2-.?-+%E%1&! +%D(B%! *(! $IJ5;! &?([?(+.! .(.6%<&-A,%.! )%! )%2%1-+! )%.! R!<%+E*1%1&.!S;! ?(! )%! [%(1%.! H>h! .?(2%1&! )%! <*..*B%! e[%(1%.! R!%++*1&.!S;!%1!D(B(%;!?(![%(1%.!R!+?(&*+).!Sf!9(-!.0-1.&*,,%1&!/!-1&%+2*,,%.!<,(.!?(!E?-1.!+'B(,-%+.!)*1.! ,%!$IJ5!?(!*(&?(+;!%1!9(%,9(%!.?+&%!,%.!R!-1&'+-E*-+%.!S!?(!,%.!R!.*-.?11-%+.!ST!

!

8! ,%.! R!'&+*1B%+.!S! b! $%&&%! 6*&'B?+-%! 2-.%! <*+&-6(,-O+%E%1&! 6%(a! )?1&! ,*! <+'.%16%! *(! $IJ5! .0-1&OB+%! )*1.!(1%!&+*[%6&?-+%!)%!E-B+*&-?1!?(!)0%a-,T!J*!)-E%1.-?1!<%+o(%!6?EE%!<,(.!?(!E?-1.!2?,?1&*-+%!)%!,*! E-B+*&-?1!e+'D(B-'.!4&!1?E*)%.f;!,*!.-&(*&-?1!*(!+%B*+)!)%!,*!,?-!e6,*1)%.&-1.!4&!+'B(,-%+.f!%&!,%.!E?)%.! )0?66(<*&-?1!)%!,0%.<*6%!e.%(,!?(!%1!B+?(<%;!<+*&-9(%.!)%!7*,&%;!)0-1.&*,,*&-?1!%&p?(!)%!E*167%f!+%1)%1&! 'B*,%E%1&!6%&&%!6*&'B?+-%!&+O.!7'&'+?BO1%T! ! 8!J%.!R!B+?(<%.!)%![%(1%.!S!b!$%&&%!6*&'B?+-%!+%B+?(<%!&?(&%.!,%.!D?+E%.!)%!+*..%EA,%E%1&!)%![%(1%.! 9(-! <*+! ,%(+! *,,(+%;! ,%(+! &%1(%! 2%.&-E%1&*-+%;! %&! ,%(+.! 6?E<?+&%E%1&.! .?1&! *..-E-,'.! *(a! R![%(1%.!)%! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

W!$%&!*(&%(+!.?(,-B1%!6?EE%1&!,*!R!.'6(+-.*&-?1!S!)%.!%.<*6%.!<(A,-6.!*!6?1.-.&'!/!.(<<+-E%+!?(!/!+%1)+%!-1*66%..-A,%.!

&?(.! ,%.! R!%.<*6%.! +'.-)(%,.!S! e7*,,.;! &%++*-1.! 2*B(%.;! AC&-E%1&.! -1(&-,-.'.;! D+-67%.! (+A*-1%.jf! *D-1! )%! <+'2%1-+! &?(&%! ?<<?+&(1-&'!)0*A+-!<?(+!)%.!<?<(,*&-?1.!E*+B-1*,-.'%.T!

(25)

! "\!

A*1,-%(%!ST! >*1.! .?1! +*<<?+&! )%! +%67%+67%;! =*,,%&! .?(,-B1%! ,*! +'6%16%! )%! 6%&&%! <+?A,'E*&-9(%! )%.! R!A*1)%.! )%! [%(1%.!S! e%1! "YY#f! %&! ,%! +N,%! <*+&-6(,-%+! 9(0%,,%! ! +%E<,-&! )*1.! ,*! 6?1.&+(6&-?1! )0(1%! +%<+'.%1&*&-?1!.?6-*,%!)%!,0-1.'6(+-&'!*&&*67'%!*(!$IJ5T!

!

$%&&%! &K<?,?B-%;! 9(%! &?(.! ,%.! *(&%(+.! )%! +*<<?+&.! .0*66?+)%1&! /! 6?1.-)'+%+! 6?EE%! +')(6&+-6%;! *! ,%! E'+-&%!)%!D*-+%!*<<*+*:&+%!,%.!6*+*6&'+-.&-9(%.!9(%!<*+&*B%1&!,%.!<(A,-6.!<%+o(.!6?EE%!<+?A,'E*&-9(%.! )*1.!,%(+!(.*B%!)(!,-%(T!>0(1%!<*+&;!%&!60%.&!,*!+*-.?1!EkE%!)%!,%(+!R!E-.%!%1!2-.-A-,-&'!S;!-,.!?1&!%1! 6?EE(1!)%!R!+'.-)%+!S!)*1.!,%!$IJ5;!)?16!)%!1%!<*.!k&+%!)*1.!(1!)%.!(.*B%.!<+'2(.;!9(%!6%!.?-&!,%! &+*1.-&!eE?A-,%!y!,*!6?++%.<?1)*16%;!?(!D-a%!y!,0*&&%1&%f!?(!,0(.*B%!)%!.%+2-6%.!e6?11%a%.!/!,0?DD+%!)%! &+*1.<?+&.!?(!(+A*-1.fT!>0*(&+%!<*+&;!-,!.0*B-&!)%!<?<(,*&-?1.!)?1&!,*!E?A-,-&'!1%!6?++%.<?1)!<*.!/!6%,,%! )?1&! ,%! $IJ5! 2-.%! /! *..(+%+! ,%! A?1! )'+?(,%E%1&T! 5*+! *A.%16%! )%! ,?B%E%1&! ?(! )0*6&-2-&'! .*,*+-'%! +'B(,-O+%;! 6%.! <?<(,*&-?1.! 1%! <%(2%1&! k&+%! *..-E-,'%.! *(a! (.*B%+.! &+*1.-&*1&! .(+! ,%(+! &+*[%&! )?E-6-,%8 &+*2*-,;!,*!D*-A,%..%!)%!,%(+.!+%..?(+6%.!,%.!%a6,(.!A-%1!.?(2%1&!)%!,0?DD+%!6?EE%+6-*,%;!%&!,%(+!.-&(*&-?1! +%1)! ,%.! .%+2-6%.! (+A*-1.! 1?1! *66%..-A,%.! e%1! <*+&-6(,-%+! <?(+! 6*(.%! )0%a&+*&%++-&?+-*,-&'! ?(! )%! )'.*DD-,-*&-?1fT! I1.(-&%;! 6%.! 6*&'B?+-%.! <*+&*B%1&! ,%! D*-&! )%! D*-+%! D*6%! /! )%.! )-DD-6(,&'.! )0?+)+%! .?6-*,;! <*(2+%&'!%&!%a6,(.-?1;!*(a9(%,,%.!.%!B+%DD%1&!.?(2%1&!)%.!<+?A,'E*&-9(%.!%1!&%+E%!)%!.*1&';!<7K.-9(%! ?(!<.K67?,?B-9(%T!I1D-1;!)*1.!,%(+!%1.%EA,%;!6%.!<(A,-6.!R!<?.%1&!<+?A,OE%!S;!9(%!6%,(-86-!.?-&!*A?+)'! .?(.! ,0*1B,%! )%! ,*! Bk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a!*.<%6&.!.?1&!'&+?-&%E%1&!,-'.;!,0(1!?(!,0*(&+%!<+%1*1&!,%!)%..(.!%1!D?16&-?1!)%.! <'+-?)%.!%&!)%.!'2'1%E%1&.!9(-!,%.!*66?E<*B1%1&T! ! I1!%DD%&;!,*!<,(.!?(!E?-1.!B+*1)%!*&&%1&-?1!*&&*67'%!/!,0(1%!?(!,0*(&+%!)%!6%.!<?<(,*&-?1.!1%!<%(&!k&+%! )'&*67'%!)%!,07-.&?-+%!)(!$IJ5!%&!)%!.%.!R!)'A?+)%E%1&.!ST!F,!1?(.!D*(&!-6-;!<?(+!%a<,-6-&%+!,%!&%+E%!)%! )'A?+)%E%1&;! -1&+?)(-+%! (1%! )-.&-16&-?1! %1&+%! *6&%(+.! )%! +'B(,*&-?1! 6?16%+1'.! <*+! ,%! $IJ5T! H-! ,%.! B%.&-?11*-+%.!)(!.-&%!e,*!$rVMJtf!BO+%1&!*(!9(?&-)-%1!.?1!D?16&-?11%E%1&!-1&%+1%;!,%.!*(&+%.!*6&%(+.! 6?16%+1'.! *<<*+*-..%1&! )*2*1&*B%! E?A-,-.'.! ,?+.! )%.! R!6+-.%.!S! 9(-! .?1&! .(+2%1(%.! /! -1&%+2*,,%.! +'B(,-%+.;! %&! )?1&! ,0*.<%6&! 6+-&-9(%! 6?++%.<?1)! *(! D*-&! 9(%! ,%.! )-DD-6(,&'.! )'A?+)%! <,(.! ?(! E?-1.! .?()*-1%E%1&!)(!$IJ5!<?(+!*&&%-1)+%!,%.!,-%(a!%12-+?11*1&.!?(!A-%1!*(!D*-&!9(%!,%(+!2-.-A-,-&'!)%2-%1&! &%,,%! 9(0%,,%! +%&-%1&! ,0*&&%1&-?1! )%.! 7*A-&*1&.8<*..*B%+.T! $%.! 6+-.%.! /! +'<'&-&-?1! 1%! <%(2%1&! k&+%!

Références

Documents relatifs

o Liste des cours à faire qu’une fois la destination connue, mais il est de votre responsabilité de vous assurer qu’un plan d’études semble faisable dans les

Le rôle des acteurs des relations professionnelles et des intermédiaires du marché du travail sera particulièrement étudié, notamment dans leur fonction de diffuseur

A titre d’exemple et pour souligner le caractère limité de la chaîne de valeur régionale à ce jour, Mold a noté que, malgré que l’Afrique compte approximativement

Comme le font traditionnellement les Japonais, ces membres se font souvent des cadeaux entre eux et il est admis que chacun peut envoyer (sans l’avoir déballé) un cadeau qu’il

animateurs/rapporteurs des tables rondes ont changé de tables à la fin de chaque séance afin d’enrichir leurs discussions avec les idées émises par les autres groupes... É

 Pour être correctement abordé la question posée mérite d’être découper en plusieurs sous- questions : Qui mobilise ?, Pour quoi faire ?, Qui mobilise-t-on et à quel stade de

Trois entreprises d’efficacité énergétique en France et en Italie ont ensuite échangé sur leur manière de procéder pour répondre à une consultation sur un

Date limite dépôt de candidatures : 21 Mars 2019 à 12h Lien vers Penelope+..