HAL Id: sic_00000267
https://archivesic.ccsd.cnrs.fr/sic_00000267
Submitted on 29 Nov 2002HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access
archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Le web et l’émergence d’une nouvelle structure de
connaissances
Ollivier Dyens
To cite this version:
! ! " # $ $ $ $ $ % $ & '(') ! " # # # $" # "% & ' ( ) ' ! &) * ( "+ # & ,
& ! ( ( & &
( ( - ( , ". "/ ( , * 0 ( & ! & ! "1 & ! $ ( 2 ( 1 ! 1 3& $ ( ) & ! $ ( - 2 ( 1 4 3 & ' # & ( & - 0 ( $ "/ ) ! & ( & & ". , & ) ! ( & # ( " * 5 ) ( ( &( ( & 0 , 5 )#& ( " ( ) & , & ( ! , & (
2 ) 3 & , "
( ( ) !
( ! ! & "
% ( 5
6*. "
& & ) ! &
# "2"783" ( 5 ( & ( ! ( ! ( " ! ! & , ( ) ! - ( 2 9 , , 3" ) ! ! ( ( : 2 ! ,& - , & ; & & 3" 1 ! , ( ( ". & ! & ( ) ! ( ! ( &
& & &
& # 2 : ( & , ( # " ( & ( 3" % ( & ( ! < & ( ! ! # 2 3& ( & ( $ ( & ! - & "% & ( " = * ( 51 & > ? ) ! 0 " / , ! "@ * ( ! 5 ( ( & ( ( & "/ - A & , & > ? - "/ - ! & > ? ( "/ - ( ) ! & > ? ! "
B , 2 & ! ( 3 & # ( # ( ( , & ( " % ( ( ! ( / , "= ! ! & ! ( ( & & "@ ( ) ! # > ?5 C 2 ( , ( 3& D 6EEF2 * 3 11 % GH IJ" D C D ! , " D &
& & , " D & 0 " D !-( &
" D & & " 0
& # & &
, & #& "= D & 2 ) 0 ,3 " D & # & " ( ( & ( # , & ( - ( " !- , ( ( " ( D & "/ ( K = ! L & ! " ! & ( & , "
D & ( & , & #
( ,* 2 3& ( , & # , " 11 % GH" 11 % GH # > ?" 5. ! , 0 " 11 % GH& ( ,
! - "= " % ' 0 #" 11 % GH& !- ( & # ! & " ( 1151 , ,
& ) & ) & )
& ! 2 > ?( ,
3" 11 "G ) " 11 ,
& >
?2 L 3" 11
( $"
@ # % GH& 2 - & &
! C * , !
, (
3& ( #
& # (
"% GH "
% GH & & ! & & ( ! < "% GH &
; "
/ & D & 11 % GH&
( ( ( ! > ? " 7* " ( & " . ( & " $&) ( # ( & D & > ? ! "@ * # 5 @ - 0 D " , ! ". & ( & 2 3 "
% ( D " - 0 " G & & & ! &) , & "&
& , & 2 :
3 ( & & "H #
( - ( ! ! & & ,
C ( 2
3& , "
H #& & ( )$ , &
( # C
# , 0 ( , C
& & , "
( ( C
& & & "
MMM & + , $ " $ . $ " " $ " $ $ ! . / " # $ $ " $ $ $ " ! 0 ! & '12'13 @ ( ( 5. " & ( & # " % ! A & ! ) , & ( , & ( " ( 5 ( , & ( & - C # & 2 3 & ! , " & , "+ , "
, # , ! ( ! & & " , -$ ! ( C & & 0 & & ( " , ! & " , ! & ! ( , C & ( N N " % & ( ( & 2 3" H # ( O # ( ( " ( & & , " , ( K ( " ( ! K ! ( " MMM * ! 5 ( $ : ( 2 ! ( & & 3 ! "1 " 2 53 " " ! "% # # ! - "H # - & # ( , ( ! ( C & & ( " P Q & # ( - & O ( ( # ( ! "1
& 4 4 &= ! &K R & Q 4 Q!
& ( # &
( ,
( "
4 & ! & & &
& ( ( &( &(
" H # ( ) ! & ( "H # ( ( # & # ( ( # # , " H # ( ) ( ( "
R
! C
R &K C 4 5 6 7 * * 5 5 ('
0 " ! D S = &+ "& = &7JJJ"
A &% ! & & &1 &K C " 8 $ 9 $ &= & &6EEF"
K &. &G & ! C > ! ! ?&0 : & ! * & ) , & 7JJ7& F"
4 &4 C 8 $ & 8 $ 7 6';& < 0 . & R Q &6EEE"
4 &4 C 0 " 8 $ 5 * < <
7 . &/ *D ! &P &% ! &6EEF" 4 Q! & Q C 0 = 6" > . <
= K R Q &6EET"
4 &1 "8 , 6" > 5 5 "H . & G &7JJJ"
& 27JJJ3". & & "
&A B&= &D /C > = < <
0 ! < & G! R ) * ! & + " P &6EE8"
P Q & "" > > " "G ! N &1 L Q&7JJJ"
= ! "7 6 0 , > 5 0 < $ " = &1 L Q&7JJ6"
L & ! 26EEI3"> + ?"< > &., + &D 6EEI&H E&1 F" "U*66
> + , , 2
# * 0 3 ! ( , "1 &
( &( & , &
& & ( ! ; "
- , - , &
# , " 0 #
& ! & , ! & ,
2 *#* 3& # , "?2 & "VJ3 > " < > 26EI63&= ! ( ( - " 0 &! ( "= ( & ( -& ! - " , , "WX Y+ ( ( ,0 ! & ( # " ! & $ ! " # 0 ! ( # " $ ( & $ ! ! ( # , 0 ! "?2 &= "673 > / ! 5P ! ) ! ! ! "A ! ! " 1 ! Q ! ! ! , "+ & ! ! ! , & Q ! ! ! +@ "? 2L & "I3"
