Virtual machines-based

An obvious evolution from grid to cloud computing is virtualization which enables the applications to be isolated from the physical hardware. For ex-ample, a physical machine can be used as a set of multiple logical virtual machines, while the tasks can be run on any virtual machines. So on the same physical machine, we can host multiple operating system environments

Future of grids resources management 139 separately and configure virtual machines to utilize different partitions of re-sources. Virtual machines-based technology gives challenges like the intel-ligent allocation of physical resources for managing competing resource de-mands of the users. Besides, the virtual machines and operating systems do not provide a programmer-visible way to ensure all the application threads to be run at the same time. Therefore, the future scheduling algorithm is expected to address how to assign virtual machines to meet the changing demand of resources by users as opposed to limited resources on a physical machine.

5.7 Concluding remarks

In this chapter, we provided a short overview of current computing paradigms, identifying each strength and weakness. Then, we evaluated the key components of the cloud system to give readers a better understanding about the dozens of different definitions of cloud computing. Services and resources in cloud system have then been discussed. According to the new requirements of cloud computing, layer-structured models are defined, which can address the limitation of the existing models. However, all these ideal models need further evaluation in our next step. In terms of the dynamic, secure and VM-based features, which will bring challenges and opportunities in clouds resource management domain, we discussed each of them in detail and aim to make a contribution on the resource scheduling topic in the future.

140 Fundamentals of Grid Computing

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Chapter 6

Fault-tolerance and availability