n
specifies forward direction.
specifies backward direction.
is the number of files to be skipped.
If the direction is not given, forward direction is assumed.
If an end-of-reel condition is encountered prior to comple-tion, an error message is sent to the terminal.
Example:
Assume that free form tape No. 2076 is to be positioned forward two files.
<
S PF FT#2076,+2 @SPE This command skips to the position following the last fi Ie on labeled tape. The form of the command is
SPE l T[#serial no.] [(7T)]
Prior to issuing this command, the user must make sure that the tape is not write protected, i. e., the operator must be informed to insert a ring in the tape if it is a saved tape.
Example:
Assume that labeled tape No.5 is to be positioned past the last file on the tape so that additional files may be added.
~SPE LT#5@)
WEOF WE OF writes an end-of-file on the current out-put device. This is an end-of-fi Ie mark for free form tape units, IEOD for card or paper tape punches, or top-of-form for line printers. The form of the command is
WEOF
(Note that only one output file will be open at a time.) REW This command rewinds the specified magnetic tape ree I. It has the form
REW~~] [Hserial no.]
[(7T)]Example:
Assume that magnetic tape reel No. 205 is to be rewound.
~REW#205@)
REMOVE This command removes a magnetic tape or disk pack no longer needed, thus releasing the drive or spindle for other purposes. The form of the command is
REM[OVE{~~] [IIserial no.]
[(7T)]If a tape is removed, the tape is rewound and a dismount message is sent to the computer operator. If a disk pack is removed, the user's interest in that spindle is released; how-ever, no message is sent to the operator.
Example:
Assume that magnetic tape reel No. 2075 is to be rewound and removed.
TABS This command sets tab values to be used in con-junction with the TX (tab expansion) option. As many as 16 values may be specified. The form of the command is
TABS sGs] ... [, s]
where s is a column position to be used in expanding a line.
Example:
Assume that tabs are to be set for standard Meta-Symbol I ist format.
~TABS 1O,19,37@)
TERMINATION OF pel
pel operations are terminated by the END command. This command returns control to TE L.
Example:
<
END@)PCl uses the ERRMSG fi Ie (see Appendix B). If there is an error message in the ERRMSG file, PCl sends that message to the terminal instead of the decimal code. If there is no error message in the fi Ie, PCl sends a decimal code.
PCl has two types of error conditions. One type consists of the I/O error and abnormal conditi ons as I isted in Appendix B. The other type consi!;ts of errors arising out of the use of PCl commands. These conditions are defined in Table 19.
Table 19. PCl Error Codes
Decimal Severity
Code Message level
01 Argument greater them 2
31 chclracters.
02 Illegal device code. 2
03 More than four chamcters ina 2 reel number specificotion.
04 Illegal file name specification. 2
05 III egal account number 2
specification.
06 Illegal password specification. 2
07 Too many fields in a file 2
identification specification.
08 Invalid file range specification. 3 09 More than ten RS fields for an 2
input devicet •
10 Overflow on an RS volue. 2
11 Error on Y va I ue of RS opti on tt. 2 12 CS ID-fi eld greater than
four characters.
13 Error on N or K va I ule of CS option.
14 Improper termination within 3
RS, l~-J, or CS option.
15 ) ) must terminate RS, IN, or 3 CS option.
t RS signifi es record selection.
t t y ' slgnl les t e upper Imlt 'f' h I" 0 f a recor se echon. d I '
Table 19. PCl Error Codes (cont.)
Decimal Severity
Code Message level
16 Special arguments must have) 3 as termination character.
17 EH? 3
18 Undefi ned command action 2
verb.
19 Illegal input device. 3
20 No defined output devices. 3
21 Illegal output device. 2
22 Reel number specification not 2 val id for this device.
23 Fi Ie specification not val id for 2 this devi ceo
24 Data code specification not 2
val id for this device.
25 Mode specification not valid 2
for this device.
26 Sequence specification not 2
valid for this device.
27 Record selection specification 2 not valid for this device.
28 PK/BIN/7T combination not 2
valid.
29 Null arguments (two delimiters 1 in a row).
30 Improper termination of the 1
command.
31 One reel number must be 2
specified on this command.
32 'TO' or 'OVER' not specified. 3 33 Record size exceeds avai lable 3
memory.
34 Invalid device type for this 3 command.
35 More than three reel numbers 3 specified.
36 Overflow on number of fi I es on 3 'SPF' command.
37 Inval id direction indicator on 3 'SPF' command.
38 Input record size larger than 3 32767 bytes.
39 Invalid option for COpy ALL. 3
40 Account specification not 3
valid on 'SPE' command.
Table 19. PCl Error Codes (cont.) Decimal
Code Message
41 RS specification beyond end of file.
42 Error in compressed input.
43 C option invalid on both input and output.
44 Record selection invalid with C option.
45 Invalid tab specification.
46 Overflow on Edit line number.
47 Zero increments on CS or IN option.
48 TX option used without TABS command.
49 Invalid option for COPYSTD.
50 More than eight read or write accounts.
51 More than 16 tab values.
52 Unable to dismount.
Severity level
2 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1 1 2
2. Invalid Syntax or I/O Error
This level terminates execution of the command but continues the syntax edit of the command for both on-line and batch operations.
3. Format Error
This level terminates the command.
In the case where a command is terminated (severity level 2 or 3), PCl reverts to the command state if the error occurs during on-line operations; it reads the next command card if the error occurs during batch operations.
Example:
Assume that a fj lei s to be copi ed from RAD storage fi I e A to the card punch. In entering the command, the de vi ce code for the RAD is entered as CC instead of DC.
~COPY CC/A TO CP (§
Error message printout:
IllEGAL DEVICE CODE A severity level of 1, 2, or 3, is attached to each error
and has the following effect on the execution of the com-mand in question:
1. Warning
PCL COMMAND SUMMARY
PCl continues execution. The message wi II be printed only if a higher error severity level occurs during exe-cution of a command.
Table 20 is a summary of PC L commands. The left-hand column gives the command formats. The right-hand column gives the command function and options.
Table 20. PCL Command Summary Command
COPY d [(s)] [/fid [{s)J[, fid [(sB
1. ..
]I;d [(s)] ~L[lfid[(S)]][,fid[(S)j ... J ... [6~ER ----,1
{
[DC][. acct]
[(s)][jr] }
COpy ALL L T[#reel-id][(s)]f/r] [TO d[(a)]]
DP[# reel-id][(s)][/r]
Description
Copies file between devices or between RAD storage and devices.
Options:
d may be CP, CR, DC, FT, LP, LT, or ME.
s may be a data code (E, H); a data format (X,C); a mode (BCD, BIN, 7T, 9T, PK, UPK, SSP, DSP, VFC, NC, FA, NFA, TX, DEaD, K); a sequence (CS, NCS, LN, NLN); an account (RD, WR); or selection (x-y).
Copies files from RAD, labeled tape, or disk pack to any output device.
Options:
d may be DC, LT, DP, FT, LP, ME, or CPo s may be KEY, SEQ, RAN, or 7T.
r is a range specifica'tion.
a may be RD, WR, or 7T.
Table 20. PCL Command Summary (cont.)
Command Description
{[DC/Jfid } Copies a control file and all files named within the file.
COPYSTD LT[# seri a I no.] [(7T)J/fid [TO d [(7T)J]
DP[#seriai noJ /fid Option: d may be DC, LT, DP, FT, LP, ME, or CPo
DELETE fid[, fid ... ] Deletes the specified files.
DELETEALL [fron1l['to] Deletes al I fi les or a specified range of fi les in the log-on account and requires a confirmation:
DELETEALL?
. YES$ @)
.. nnnn FILES DE LETED
END Returns control of the terminal to TEL.
r--
-L T[# ree I -i d
1
[(s)] Lists fi Ie names and, optionally, attributes from the account[DC[. acct] [(sil dictionary, tape, or disk pack.
LT[#seriai no.] [(s)J/fid [(s)][,fid [(s)]. .. J
LIST fi d [(s)][, fi d[(s)]. .. ] Option: s may be A, EA, 7T, or 9T.
DPf#reel-id][(S)]
DP #serial no.J/fid[(s)J['fid[(s)J ... J FT #serial no. [(s)J
-
'--REM[
OVE{~~}#
seri a I no,] [(7T)]Removes a magnetic tape or disk pack.
REVIEW [fromlLtcJ Reviews all or a portion of files in the log-on account.
REW~~][#serial
no.] [(7T)J Rewi nds tape reel.SPE LT[#serial no~] [(7T)] Spaces to the end of the last fi Ie on labeled tape.
S PF FT[# seri a I no.J [(7T)J,±n Positions free form tape forward or backward a designated number of fi les.
TABS s[,s]. .. [,s] Sets tab values for tab expansion.
WEOF Wri tes an end-of-fi Ie on the current output de vi ceo
6.
INTRODUCTION
Edit is a line-at-a-time context editor for on-I ine creation, modification, and manipulation of files of EBCDIC text.
All Edit data is stored on disk in a keyed fi Ie structure of sequence-numbered variable-length records, which permits Edit to directly access each I ine or record of data. Edit functions are controlled via single-I ine commands from the user. The command language provides for the following:
1. Creating a sequenced EBCDIC coded text file.
2. Inserting, reordering, and replacing I ines or groups of lines of text.
3. Selective printing and renumbering.
4. Reordering groups of records within a file.
5. Merging part of one file into another.
6. Context editing operations that allow matching, moving and substituting character strings within a specified range of text lines.
7. Maintaining fi les (allowing the user to build, copy, and delete whole files of text lines).
A user may edit files under his own account (i. e., the one under which he logged on) or under accounts to which he has been granted write-access by the file creator. He may copy his own fi les or those to which he has read-access.
Under the rul es of UTS fil e access, a fil e may not be created (i.e., built or copied to) under an account number different than that used for log-on.
In using Edit, it must be stressed that the edit takes place as the commands are given; the file is edited in place. Therefore, a backup file should be kept to protect against user or machine errors.
CALLING EDIT
An on-I ine user of UTS may call the Edit processor either directly,
IEDIT
or indirectly through one of two executive-level commands:
IEDIT fid IBUILD fid
(edit an existing file) (bui Id new file)
The first executive-level command allows the user to call Edit for updating an existing file. Edit first opens the speci-fied file and then prompts for command input by typing its identifying mark, the asterisk (*). The second executive-level command allows the user to call Edit for on-I ine
EDIT
creation of a text file. Edit opens the specified file and prompts for command input by typing the first I ine number at the left margin of a fresh line. The user is expected to enter the text I ines of the new fi Ie.
If an Edit command is given at the executive level without a file identifier, Edit types EDIT HERE and prompts for further commands by typing an asterisk (*).
RECORD FORMATS
The editing process is based on a sequence number associated with each line. Unsequenced files of text lines may be sequenced via the Edit COpy command. Sequence numbers for inserting new I ines may be generated automatically by Ed i t or may be supp lied by the user.
Sequence numbers consist basically of an integer and three fractional digits. However, the user may write a sequence number with one or more fractional digits omitted and Edit will automatically assume sufficient trailing zeros to com-plete the sequence number. For example:
Sequence Number Implies
50 50.000
50.01 50.010
50.5 50.500
50.008 50.008
Edit writes variable-length records, with a maximum record size of 140 characters including the@l. Trailing blank char-acters in a record are not written on the file.
Edit files are stored on disk as keyed records, with the keys being binary representations of the sequence numbers. The sequence number DDDD. DDD is taken as a seven-digit deci-mal integer and converted to binary, giving a key with a maximum length of three bytes. For example, the following record created in a BUILD operation would have a key value of 800010 and a record length of 20 bytes (assuming that@l is in column 20):
8.000 B2 LI,5 0@J
If the @J is preceded by a number of blanks, they wi II not be carried in the output. The record terminator can be either @)or
C0
and is carried in the record as X'151•MULTILINE RECORDS
On a terminal unit having an inherent I ine-width I imit of less than 140 (e. g., Teletype models 33, 35, and 37), a
single, multiline record may be entered into a file (using the BUILD or IN commands, for example) in either of two ways:
1. Using the local carriage return key marked LOC CR, if present, to "break II the input I ine without releasing it to the system.
2. Using the simulated local carriage return sequence
@ @J for the S(Jme purpose.
Either method permiits entering a record of up to 139 char-acters plus @) on virtually any terminal unit.
An exampl e of a mu I ti line record is presented in Fig ure 3.
BREAK FUNCl'ION
The BREAK key always causes an iimmediate interruption in Edit activity, with (:.my partially completed input being dis-carded and any waiting output beiing del ivered to the ter-minal. Edit stops any command in progress and reverts to accepting command input from the user.
If the command in progress when (In interrupt occurs is a display command (for example, TY), the display will stop within the next sevleral lines after the interrupt is given.
For commands that produce no display while operating on a range of records, the point of interrupt is reported by a mes-sage which denotes the sequence Iilumber(s) of the record(s) being processed at the time of the interrupt. Edit then types this message
--ENTER X TO ABORT COMMAND. ANY OTHER CHARACTER CONTINUES.
and prompts for a single character input. If the user enters an X, the operation aborts; if he ,enters any other character, the operation continues.
If a command is being executed and the BREAK key causes an interrupt during an I/O operation (e. g., READ, WRITE, OPEN, DELETE record), the I/O operation is completed.
After the I/O is completed, the user may continue execution
of the command to normal conclusion or may immediately terminate the command. With record or intrarecord com-mands (see Command Structure), the current Edit file remains open. All file commands terminate by closing all files.