TABLE 1. SUMMARY TABLE: CERTIFIED AND INFORMATION VALUES FOR THE IAEA-410
REFERENCE MATERIAL
(Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Radionuclide Certified valuea [Bq kg-1]
Radionuclide Information value [Bq kg-1]
a The value is the robust mean (estimated in accordance with ISO 13528 [6]) of accepted sets of data. The certified values are reported on dry mass basis and are traceable to the SI.
b Expanded uncertainty with a coverage factor k=2 estimated in accordance with ISO 13528.
c 210Pb and 210Po were considered as in equilibrium
TABLE 2. HOMOGENEITY TESTS (*) FOR RADIONUCLIDES IN IAEA-410
(*) Normalized activity =x/X (individual/mean values). The homogeneity test was performed in RML (organizer of this characterization study) for different radionuclides using different techniques such as gamma-, alpha- and beta spectrometry as well as mass spectrometry, before dispatch of samples (see more detail in homogeneity test).
TABLE 3. RADIONUCLIDES REPORTED FOR IAEA-410
Radionuclide Number of data reported Radionuclide Number of data reported
40K 71 228Ac 71
90Sr 3 228Th 55(1)
129I 6 230Th 16
137Cs 59(35) 232Th 21
208Tl 66 234Th 24(2)
210Pb(210Po) 71 234U 52(1)
212Pb 38 235U 88(10)
212Bi 37 238U 80(3)
214Pb 67 238Pu 21
214Bi 76 239Pu 17
224Ra 1 240Pu 17
226Ra 114 239+240Pu 58
228Ra 76 241Am 57
227Ac 18 241Am (gamma) 46
Less than values are shown in parentheses
TABLE 4. RESULTS FOR 137Cs IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 137Cs
Code code results (g)
1 G 3 100.44 0.20 ± 0.30
2 G 2 81.55 <0.9
4 G 3 99.9 0.17 ± 0.07
7 G 3 66.84 0.24 ± 0.43
8 G 5 30 <0.38
9 G 3 99.61 <0.3
10 G 1 41 <0.4
11 G 3 64 <1.2
12 G 10 70.1 <0.5
13 G 3 80 <0.82
14 G 3 86.74 <0.7
17 G 4 14 80 <0.4
21 G 1 4.59 0.16 ± 0.02
23 G 1 100 0.20 ± 0.12
26 G 14 60 0.155 ± 0.096
Number of reported laboratory means 6
Robust mean 0.186
Expanded uncertainty 0.034
TABLE 5. RESULTS FOR 238Pu AND 239+240Pu IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013; unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab. Method No. of Mass 238Pu 239+240Pu
Number of reported laboratory means 10 21
Robust mean 0.072 4.68
Expanded uncertainty 0.020 0.48
Note: Tables 5 24:
: data not available.
(^) Laboratory reported that the sample is inhomogeneous for Pu isotopes when 9 aliquots of samples at different masses (0.5;
1; 3; 5 g) were analysed using normal/partly leaching digestion technique (as requested by laboratory, the data here is the mean value of 4 homogeneous values done for 3 g only). However, the second analysis of sample (6 aliquots of 0.5 1g) using total digestion with HF/HNO3 and boric acids/HCl gave homogeneous data, resulting that the non-homogeneity of samples could be due to the leaching techniques (which is confirmed by IAEA and CNA in Seville for further investigation using two different leaching methods and then measured sample by AMS technique, see detail in the report).
TABLE 6. RESULTS FOR 239Pu AND 240Pu IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013; unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab. Method No. of Mass 239Pu 240Pu
code results (g)
7 ICP-MS 3 10 1.22 ± 0.04 1.16 ± 0.05
10 ICP-MS 1 14.3 2.42 ± 0.28 2.34 ± 0.28
17 ICP-MS 3 1 2.45 ± 0.75 2.23 ± 0.50
24 AMS 5 0.5 2.70 ± 0.14 2.65 ± 0.11
26a AMS 2 0.5 2.27 ± 0.18 2.09 ± 0.24
26b AMS 3 0.5 2.59 ± 0.25 2.60 ± 0.25
Number of reported laboratory means 6 6
Robust mean 2.42 2.27
Expanded uncertainty 0.26 0.40
TABLE 7. RESULTS FOR 241Am IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 241Am
Number of reported laboratory means 23
Robust mean 4.12
Expanded uncertainty 0.28
(^) Laboratory reported that the sample is inhomogeneous for Am isotope when 9 aliquots of samples at different masses (0.5; 1; 3; 5 g) were analysed using normal/partly leaching digestion technique (as requested by laboratory, the data here is the mean value of 4 homogeneous values done for 3g only). However, the second analysis of sample (6 aliquots of 0.5 1g) using total digestion with HF/HNO3 and boric acids/HCl gave homogeneous data, indicating that the non-homogeneity of samples could be due to the leaching techniques, which confirm the above observation for Pu results.
TABLE 8. RESULTS FOR 241Am IN IAEA-410 (GAMMA AND ALPHA DATA GIVEN SEPARATELY) (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab. Method No. of Mass 241Am 241Am
code results (g) Gamma data Alpha data
1 G 3 100.44 3.10 ± 0.30
2 G 2 81.55 3.70 ± 0.70
3 G 1 98.14 3.40 ± 1.00
4 G 3 99.9 4.13 ± 0.31
5 G 5 65 3.80 ± 1.10
6 G 2 99.68 4.80 ± 0.58
9 G, (A) 3, (3) 99.61 (5) 3.74 ± 0.58 3.90 ± 0.26
10 G, (A) 1, (1) 41, (14) 4.10 ± 0.50 3.77 ± 0.30
11 A 3 30 3.60 ± 0.30
12 G, (A) 1, (3) 70.1, (3) 4.04 ± 0.62 4.13 ± 0.26
12 A 6 0.5 1 4.38 ± 0.28
13 G 3 80 4.80 ± 0.70
16 G 2 27 4.15 ± 1.15
17 G 4 14-80 4.90 ± 1.60
18 G 4 53.8 4.10 ± 0.50
19 G, (A) 3, (1) 25, (10) 3.90 ± 0.70 4.00 ± 0.50
20 G 3 5.23 5.10 ± 0.60
25 G 2 61.42 4.80 ± 1.10
26 A 2 10 4.47 ± 0.13
Number of reported laboratory means 16 7
Robust mean 4.16 4.04
Expanded uncertainty 0.38 0.34
TABLE 9. RESULTS FOR 238U IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 238U
code code results (g)
3 A 3 0.635 0.797 16.8 ± 1.7
4 G 3 99.9 7.9 ± 1.8
5 A 4 0.25 8.1 ± 1.9
6 A 2 5 6.92 ± 0.15
7 A 3 2 9.3 ± 1.3
9 G 3 99.61 <175
9 G 3 99.61 10.9 ± 1.0
10 ICP-MS 3 0.29 0.6 9.0 ± 1.0
12 A 3 0.5 13.3 ± 1.7
13 A 8 2.53 10.1 ± 0.6
17 ICP-MS 2 1 9.8 ± 2.1
18 A 3 8.2 ± 1.6
18 G 1 53.8 10.0 ± 4.0
19 A 6 0.5 10 11.2 ± 0.8
21a G 9 100.5 16.0 ± 2.0
21b G 9 100.5 20.0 ± 6.0
25 G 2 61.42 8.9 ± 2.6
26a A 4 3 10 12.0 ± 1.2
26b ICP-MS 4 0.15 8.11 ± 1.14
27 ICP-MS 9 0.5 8.45 ± 0.08
Number of reported laboratory means 19
Robust mean 10.1
Expanded uncertainty 1.4
TABLE10. RESULTS FOR 234Th IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 234Th
Number of reported laboratory means 6
Robust mean 10.7
Expanded uncertainty 2.8
TABLE 11. RESULTS FOR 234U IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 234U
Number of reported laboratory means 12
Robust mean 10.0
Expanded uncertainty 1.4
TABLE 12. RESULTS FOR 230Th IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 230Th
Number of reported laboratory means 6
Robust mean 4.4x102
Expanded uncertainty 0.8x102
TABLE 13. RESULTS FOR 226Ra IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 226Ra
Number of reported laboratory means 22
Robust mean 194
Expanded uncertainty 22
TABLE 14. RESULTS FOR 214Pb and 214Bi IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab. Method No. of Mass 214Pb 214Bi
code code results (g)
1 G 3 100.44 162 ± 2 162 ± 2
2 G 2 81.55 157 ± 18 139 ± 16
5 G 3 65 136 ± 7
7 G 3 66.84 215 ± 4
9 G 3 99.61 196 ± 1 158 ± 1
13 G 3 80 194 ± 12 186 ± 12
15 G 1 170.5 218 ± 13 202 ± 13
16 G 2 27 158 ± 17 119 ± 11
18 G 4 53.8 233 ± 13 233 ± 13
19 G 3 25 137 ± 9 139 ± 10
20 G 3 5.23 212 ± 7
21 G 9 100.5 125 ± 2 120 ± 2
26 G 33 60 215 ± 3 171 ± 3
Number of reported laboratory means 10 13
Robust mean 179 168
Expanded uncertainty 33 28
TABLE 15. RESULTS FOR 210Pb (210Po) IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 210Pb(210Po)a
Number of reported laboratory means 25
Robust mean 217
Expanded uncertainty 14
a 210Pb and 210Po were considered as in equilibrium, and the 210Pb values are corrected for reference date at 1 January 2013.
b Value is corrected by IAEA for the reference date.
TABLE 16. RESULTS FOR 235U IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 235U
code code results (g)
1 G 3 100.44 5.80 ± 0.40
3 A 3 0.635 0.797 0.61 ± 0.17
5 A 4 0.25 0.81 ± 0.98
6 A 2 5 0.26 ± 0.03
7 A 3 1 0.31 ± 0.04
9 G 3 99.61 <0.4
10 ICP-MS 3 0.29 0.6 0.42 ± 0.05
10 G 1 41 <18
12 A 3 0.5 1 <0.21
13 A 8 2.53 0.43 ± 0.10
17 ICP-MS 10 1 0.45 ± 0.10
18 A 3 0.39 ± 0.08
21a G 9 100.5 9.30 ± 0.30
21b G 9 100.5 5.10 ± 0.20
21c G 9 100.5 11.0 ± 0.5
25 G 2 61.42 4.70 ± 1.00
26 A 4 3 10 0.30 ± 0.04
27 ICP-MS 9 0.5 0.39 ± 0.003
Number of reported laboratory means 15
Robust mean 0.56
Expanded uncertainty 0.16
TABLE 17. RESULTS FOR 227Ac IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 227Ac
Number of reported laboratory means 6
Robust mean 12.4
Expanded uncertainty 0.9
TABLE 18. RESULTS FOR 232Th IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 232Th
Number of reported laboratory means 8
Robust mean 8.7
Expanded uncertainty 1.2
TABLE 19. RESULTS FOR 228Ra IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 228Ra
Number of reported laboratory means 13
Robust mean 8.1
Expanded uncertainty 0.6
TABLE 20. RESULTS FOR 228Ac and 208Tl IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 228Ac 208Tl
Number of reported laboratory means 12 10
Robust mean 7.9 2.5
Expanded uncertainty 0.4 0.2
($) the values corrected (by RML) for branching factor of 35.93%
TABLE 21. RESULTS FOR 228Th IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 228Th
Number of reported laboratory means 12
Robust mean 8.3
Expanded uncertainty 1.0
TABLE 22. RESULTS FOR 212Pb and 212Bi IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 212Pb 212Bi
Number of reported laboratory means 8 7
Robust mean 8.7 8.7
Expanded uncertainty 0.7 1.5
TABLE 23. RESULTS FOR 40K IN IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Lab Method No. of Mass 40K
Number of reported laboratory means 24
Robust mean 115
Expanded uncertainty 6
TABLE 24. RESULTS FOR THE LESS FREQUENTLY MEASURED RADIONUCLIDES REPORTED IN IAEA-410
(Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Isotope Lab. Method No. of Mass Activity
code code results (g) (Bq kg-1)
60Co 9 G 3 99.61 <0.4
90Sr 3 B 3 30 1.2 ± 0.2
129I 22 AMS 6 0.5 5 1.3x10-5 ± 0.04x10-5
155Eu 9 G 3 99.61 3.15 ± 0.50
207Bi 4 G 3 99.9 0.343 ± 0.039
223Ra 10 G 1 41 11.9 ± 2.4
224Ra 10 G 1 41 9.2 ± 2.5
227Th 9 G 3 99.61 12.2 ± 1.0
- 10 G 1 41 12.8 ± 2.1
- 21 G 9 100.5 9.3 ± 0.3
231Pa 10 G 1 41 10.2 ± 3.1
- 18 G 4 53.8 13 ± 5
- 25 G 2 61.42 8.7 ± 1.8
234mPa 9 G 3 99.61 <175
- 10 G 1 41 <50
- 21 G 9 100.5 20 ± 6
236U 10 ICP-MS 3 0.29 0.6 <0.0013
24 ICP-MS 4 0.5 0.21 ± 0.01
TABLE 25. SUMMARY OF CERTIFIED VALUES FOR IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Radionuclide
a The value is the robust mean (estimated in accordance with the ISO 13528) of accepted sets of data, each set being obtained by different laboratory. The certified values are reported on dry mass basis and are traceable to the SI.
b Expanded uncertainty with a coverage factor k=2 estimated in accordance with the ISO 13528.
c Number of accepted data for evaluation.
d 210Pb and 210Po were considered as in equilibrium.
TABLE 26. SUMMARY OF INFORMATION VALUES FOR IAEA-410 (Reference date: 1 January 2013, unit: Bq kg-1)
Radionuclide
APPENDIX II.
LABORATORY RESULTS GRAPHS
Sample number
0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20
St. dev.(delta) St. dev.(delta) 95% conf. lim.
Mean 95% conf. lim.
FIG.1. Homogeneity test for 226Ra in IAEA-410
Sample number
0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3
St. dev.(delta)
St. dev.(delta) 95% conf. lim.
95% conf. lim.
Mean
FIG.2. Homogeneity test for 214Bi in IAEA-410
Sample number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6
St. dev.(delta)
St. dev.(delta) 95% conf. lim.
95% conf. lim.
Mean
FIG.3. Homogeneity test for 239+240Pu in IAEA-410
137Cs (IAEA-410)
Laboratories
26 21 4 1 23 7
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
FIG. 4. Laboratory results for 137Cs
239+240
Pu (IAEA-410)
Laboratories 0.0
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0
FIG.5. Laboratory results for 239+240Pu
239Pu (IAEA-410)
Laboratories
7 26 10 17 26 b 24
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
FIG.6. Laboratory results for 239Pu
240Pu (IAEA-410)
Laboratories
7 26 b 17 10 26 24
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
FIG. 7. Laboratory results for 240Pu
241Am (IAEA-410)
Laboratories 0.0
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
FIG. 8. Laboratory results for 241Am
238U (IAEA-410)
Laboratories 0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26
FIG. 9. Laboratory results for 238U
234Th (IAEA-410)
Laboratories
4 10 18 9 16 21
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
FIG. 10. Laboratory results for 234Th
234U (IAEA-410)
Laboratories
6 17 5 27 10 7 18 13 19 26 12 3
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
FIG. 11. Laboratory results for 234U
230Th (IAEA-410)
Laboratories
26 3 18 7 4 10
200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
FIG. 12. Laboratory results for 230Th
226Ra (IAEA-410)
Laboratories
12 21 21 2 17 1 6 3 (A)26 23 13 25 3 15 8 20 147 (A)18 4 10 9 0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300
FIG. 13. Laboratory results for 226Ra
210Pb(210Po) (IAEA-410)
Laboratories 100
120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300
FIG. 14. Laboratory results for 210Pb (210Po)
235U (IAEA-410)
Laboratories
6 26 7 18 27 10 13 17 3 5 25 21a 1 21b 21c
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 5.0 10.0
FIG. 15. Laboratory results for 235U
232Th (IAEA-410)
Laboratories
23 26 7 (A) 17 13 17(A) 18 (A) 3
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
FIG. 16. Laboratory results for 232Th
228Ra (IAEA-410)
Laboratories
12 3 26 21 2 25 4 18 9 6 20 13 15
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
FIG. 17. Laboratory results for 228Ra
228Th (IAEA-410)
Laboratories
21 21 26 (A) 21 25 6 18 20 9 17 (A) 15 7 (A) 0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
FIG.18. Laboratory results for228Th
40K (IAEA-410)
Laboratories
2 21 8 11 19 17 4 5 16 3 23 9 10 18 15 13 12 25 26 7 1 14 20 6 0
50 100 150 200
FIG.19. Laboratory results for 40K
REFERENCES
[1] POVINEC, P.P., PHAM, M.K., IAEA reference materials for quality assurance of marine radioactivity measurements, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 248 1 (2001) 211 216.
[2] SANCHEZ-CABEZA, J.-A., PHAM, M.K, POVINEC, P.P., IAEA programme on the quality of marine radioactivity data, J. Environ. Rad. 99 (2008) 1680 1686.
[3] POVINEC, P.P. et al., IAEA -results of oceanographic and radionuclide investigations of the water column, Deep-Sea Research, Part II, 50 (2003) 2607 2637.
[4] INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION, ISO Guide 35, Reference materials General and statistical principles for certification, ISO, Geneva (2006).
[5] INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION, ISO Guide 34, General requirements for the competence of reference material producers ISO, Geneva (2009).
[6] INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION, Statistical methods for use in proficiency testing by inter-laboratory comparisons, ISO 13528:2005 (E), ISO, Geneva (2005).
[7] INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION, Measurement of radioactivity in the environment-soil. Part 3: Measurement of gamma-emitting radionuclides, ISO 18589-3, Geneva (2007).
[8] Data base for decay correction: http://laraweb.free.fr/Spectro/
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The International Atomic Energy Agency is grateful to the participants and laboratories taking part in this characterization study and contributing their time and facilities to the present work.
The International Atomic Energy Agency is grateful to the Government of the Principality of Monaco for the support provided to its Environment Laboratories.
LIST OF PARTICIPATING LABORATORIES
4BELGIUM Hult, M.
European Commission-JRC
Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM) Retieseweg 111
2440 Geel CHINA Zhou, W.
Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences
No. 10 Fenghui South Road, High-Tech Zone
DENMARK Nielsen, S.P.
DTU Nutech, Technical University of Denmark Frederiksborgvej 399, Risø Campus
4000 Roskilde 14 avenue Edouard Belin 31400 Toulouse GERMANY Degering, D.
Verein für Kernverfahrenstechnik und Analytik Rossendorf e.V.
Postfach 510119 01314 Dresden Herrmann, J.
Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (FMHA)
Radioactivity of the Sea Wuestland 2
22589 Hamburg
Ilchmann, C./ Kloster, M.
Senatsverwaltung für Stadtentwicklung und Umwelt Strahlenmessstelle Rubensstraße 111- 113
12157 Berlin
Kanisch, G.
Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut Institut für Fischereiökologie Marckmannstraße 129b, Haus 4 20539 Hamburg
Rieth, U.
Landesmessstelle für Radioaktivität
Behörde für Gesundheit undVerbraucherschutz Institut für Hygiene und Umwelt
Marckmannstraße 129
National Food Chain Safety Office (NFSCO) Budapest, Keleti Károly u. 24
1525 Bp. Pf. 30 IRELAND Hanley, O.
Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland 3 Clonskeagh Square
Clonskeagh Road Dublin 14 ITALY
Laubenstein, M.
Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso S.S. 17/bis km 18+910
67100 Assergi (AQ) JAPAN
Nakano, M.
Japan Atomic Energy Agency 4-33, Muramatsu
Tokai-mura, Naka-gun Ibaraki 319-1194 Ikeuchi, Y.
Japan Chemical Analysis Center 295-3 Sanno-cho
Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-0002 NETHERLANDS Engeler, C.
Rijkswaterstaat Centre for Water Management Zuiderwagenplein 2
NL-8224 AD Lelystad
POLAND Suplinska, M.
Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection Konwaliowa 7
03-194 Warsaw Zalewska, T.
Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, Maritime Branch Waszyngtona 42
81-342 Gdynia PORTUGAL Carvalho, F.P.
Laboratório de Protecção e Segurança Radiológica Instituto Superior Técnico/Campus Tecnológico Nuclear Estrada Nacional 10, km 139,7
2695-066 Bobadela LRS SLOVAKIA
Povinec, P.P.
Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics Comenius University
84248 Bratislava SPAIN
Chamizo, E.
Centro Nacional de Aceleradores Isla de la Cartuja
41092 Sevilla Gascó, C.
CIEMAT (RAyVR) Edificio 70 Planta 2
Despacho 11 Avda de la Complutense 40 28040 Madrid
Llauradó, M.
Laboratori de Radiologia Ambiental
Facultat de Química-Universitat de Barcelona Martí i Franquès, 1-11
08028 Barcelona Mas, J.L.
Servicio de Radioisotopos, CITIUS Avda. Reina Mercedes 4B 41012 Sevilla
UNITED KINGDOM Smedley, P.
Cefas Lowestoft Laboratory Pakefield Road
Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT
INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY Pham, M. K. / Vasileva, E.
IAEA Environment Laboratories 4a, Quai Antoine 1er
98000 Monaco
Tarjan, S./Kis Benedek, G.
IAEA Environment Laboratories Terrestrial Enviroment Laboratory A-2444 Seibersdorf
CONTRIBUTORS TO DRAFTING AND REVIEW
Azemard, S. International Atomic Energy Agency
Ceccatelli, A. International Atomic Energy Agency
Fajgelj, A. International Atomic Energy Agency
Groening, M. International Atomic Energy Agency
Harms, A. V. International Atomic Energy Agency
Le Normand, J. International Atomic Energy Agency
Moedlhammer, E. International Atomic Energy Agency
Osvath, I. International Atomic Energy Agency
Pham, M. K. International Atomic Energy Agency
Tarjan, S. International Atomic Energy Agency
Vasileva-Veleva, E International Atomic Energy Agency
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